[Script Info]
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[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.41,0:00:12.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Approximately 7 million people around the \Nworld die from heart attacks every year,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.98,0:00:14.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and cardiovascular disease,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.90,0:00:18.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which causes heart attacks and other\Nproblems like strokes,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.06,0:00:20.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the world's leading killer.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.50,0:00:22.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what causes a heart attack?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.65,0:00:25.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like all muscles, the heart needs oxygen,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.14,0:00:28.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and during a heart attack,\Nit can't get enough.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.55,0:00:30.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fatty deposits, or plaques,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.54,0:00:33.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,develop on the walls \Nof our coronary arteries.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.24,0:00:37.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those are the vessels that supply\Noxygenated blood to the heart.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.21,0:00:39.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These plaques grow as we age,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.49,0:00:40.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sometimes getting chunky,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.76,0:00:41.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hardened,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.78,0:00:43.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or enflamed.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.09,0:00:45.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Eventually, the plaques can turn\Ninto blockages.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.96,0:00:48.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If one of the plaques ruptures or cracks,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.79,0:00:52.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a blood clot will form around it\Nin minutes,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.17,0:00:56.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a partially closed artery\Ncan become completely blocked.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.25,0:00:58.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Blood flow is cut off \Nto the cardiac muscle
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.71,0:01:03.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the oxygen-starved cells start to die\Nwithin several minutes.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.06,0:01:05.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a myocardial infarction,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.91,0:01:07.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or heart attack.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.31,0:01:11.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Things can rapidly deteriorate\Nin the absence of treatment.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.30,0:01:14.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The injured muscle may not be able\Nto pump blood as well,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.71,0:01:17.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and its rhythm might be thrown off.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.10,0:01:21.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the worst case scenario,\Na heart attack can cause sudden death.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.47,0:01:24.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And how do you know that someone\Nis having a heart attack?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.44,0:01:26.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The most common symptom is chest pain
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.72,0:01:29.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,caused by the oxygen-deprived \Nheart muscle.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.62,0:01:32.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Patients describe it as crushing\Nor vice-like.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.82,0:01:34.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It can radiate to the left arm,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.63,0:01:35.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,jaw,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.47,0:01:36.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,back,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.24,0:01:37.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or abdomen.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.47,0:01:41.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's not always as sudden and dramatic\Nas it is in the movies.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.62,0:01:43.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some people experience nausea
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.51,0:01:44.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or shortness of breath.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.93,0:01:48.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Symptoms may be less prominent\Nin women and the elderly.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.28,0:01:52.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For them, weakness and tiredness\Nmay be the main signal.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.59,0:01:54.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And surprisingly, in many people,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.51,0:01:58.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially those with diabetes,\Nwhich affects the nerves that carry pain,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.64,0:02:01.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a heart attack may be silent.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.19,0:02:03.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you think that someone might be \Nhaving a heart attack,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.99,0:02:07.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the most important thing \Nis to respond quickly.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.16,0:02:11.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you have access to emergency medical\Nservices, call them.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.03,0:02:13.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're the fastest way \Nto get to a hospital.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.47,0:02:15.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Taking aspirin, which thins the blood,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.82,0:02:18.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and nitroglycerin, \Nwhich opens up the artery,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.62,0:02:21.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can help keep the heart attack\Nfrom getting worse.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.59,0:02:24.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the emergency room, \Ndoctors can diagnose a heart attack.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.93,0:02:27.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They commonly use an electrocardiogram
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.52,0:02:30.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to measure the heart's \Nelectrical activity
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.03,0:02:33.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a blood test to assess \Nheart muscle damage.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.29,0:02:36.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The patient is then taken to a high-tech\Ncardiac suite
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.76,0:02:40.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where tests are done \Nto locate the blockages.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.10,0:02:42.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cardiologists can reopen \Nthe blocked artery
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.73,0:02:47.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by inflating it with a balloon\Nin a procedure called an angioplasty.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.36,0:02:50.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Frequently, they also insert a metal\Nor polymer stent
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.79,0:02:53.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that will hold the artery open.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.15,0:02:57.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,More extensive blockages might require\Ncoronary artery bypass surgery.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.62,0:03:01.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Using a piece of vein or artery\Nfrom another part of the body,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.73,0:03:05.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,heart surgeons can reroute blood flow\Naround the blockage.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.87,0:03:09.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These procedures reestablish circulation\Nto the cardiac muscle,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.39,0:03:11.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,restoring heart function.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.37,0:03:13.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Heart attack treatment is advancing,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.11,0:03:15.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but prevention is vital.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.45,0:03:19.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Genetics and lifestyle factors\Nboth affect your risk.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.07,0:03:22.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the good news is that you can\Nchange your lifestyle.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.17,0:03:24.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Exercise, a healthy diet,\Nand weight loss
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.57,0:03:27.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all lower the risk of heart attacks,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.04,0:03:29.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether you've had one before or not.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.02,0:03:32.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Doctors recommend exercising\Na few times a week,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.01,0:03:35.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doing both aerobic activity\Nand strength training.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.18,0:03:38.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A heart-healthy diet is low\Nin sugar and saturated fats,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.83,0:03:41.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are both linked to heart disease.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.10,0:03:42.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what should you eat?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.57,0:03:44.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lots of fiber from vegetables,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.24,0:03:46.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,chicken and fish instead of red meat,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.68,0:03:49.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whole grains and nuts like walnuts\Nand almonds
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.95,0:03:52.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all seem to be beneficial.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.36,0:03:56.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A good diet and exercise plan can also\Nkeep your weight in a healthy range,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.74,0:03:59.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which will lower \Nyour heart attack risk as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.55,0:04:03.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And of course, medications can also\Nhelp prevent heart attacks.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.17,0:04:06.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Doctors often prescribe low-dose\Naspirin, for example,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.27,0:04:09.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,particularly for patients who've\Nalready had a heart attack
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.98,0:04:12.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and for those known to be\Nat high risk.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.85,0:04:14.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And drugs that help manage risk factors,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.96,0:04:18.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like high blood pressure, cholesterol,\Nand diabetes,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.34,0:04:21.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will make heart attacks less likely, too.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.04,0:04:25.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Heart attacks may be common, \Nbut they don't have to be inevitable.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.06,0:04:26.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A healthy diet,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.18,0:04:27.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,avoiding tobacco use,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.60,0:04:28.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,staying fit,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.73,0:04:31.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and enjoying plenty of sleep\Nand lots of laughter
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.53,0:04:35.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all go a long way in making sure\Nyour body's most important muscle
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.77,0:04:37.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,keeps on beating.