[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.86,0:00:08.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> In Britain, the Vulcan\NMotor Company was proud
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.04,0:00:10.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to film the way their\Nworkers assembled cars,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.59,0:00:13.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slowly and carefully, by hand.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.08,0:00:18.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Craftsmen worked in their\Nown way, at their own pace.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.50,0:00:22.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The whole process took several\Nweeks from start to finish.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.64,0:00:29.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These hand made cars\Nwere so expensive,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.92,0:00:32.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that a wide gulf separated\Nthose who built them,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.66,0:00:33.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from those who bought them.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.35,0:00:38.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the days when cars were\Njust luxuries for the rich,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.25,0:00:39.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were drawing to a close.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.82,0:00:46.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1908, one mans vision\Nwould change manufacturing
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.100,0:00:48.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and create a new market.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.98,0:00:54.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Henry Ford, set out to make the\Nsimplest car ever [car horn] a car
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.56,0:00:57.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for rural America, a\Ntwentieth century equivalent
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.96,0:00:59.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the horse and buggy.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.22,0:01:04.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To produce the Model T\Ncheaply, Ford knew he had
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.15,0:01:05.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to change the way cars were built.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.73,0:01:09.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That meant changing the\Nway his workers worked.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.55,0:01:14.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As he reorganized his\Nfactory to turn out Model T's,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.75,0:01:18.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was influenced by the\Nefficiency expert, Fredrick Taylor.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.60,0:01:22.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Taylor complained that\Nhardly a workman can be found
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.66,0:01:24.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who doesn't devote his time
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.21,0:01:26.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to studying just how\Nslowly he can work
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.20,0:01:30.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then he devoted his\Nlife to speeding them up.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.70,0:01:37.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When Taylor was brought in,\Nhe first timed the workers
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.26,0:01:40.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with stop watches and\Nnoted their every movement.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.99,0:01:45.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In a famous experiment\Nat an iron works,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.12,0:01:47.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he reorganized a worker\Nnamed Schmidt.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.69,0:01:51.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Previously, Schmidt had\Nhand carried 12 tons
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.70,0:01:53.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of pig iron a day up from a wagon.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.60,0:01:56.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After Taylor rearranged things,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.55,0:02:00.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the tolerant Mr. Schmidt\Nfound himself carrying 47 tons
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.19,0:02:04.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and production had\Nbeen raised 300%.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.66,0:02:06.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Called into an office,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.13,0:02:10.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Taylor helped the world's\Nfastest typist, type even faster.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.45,0:02:14.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The new world record of 150\Nwords a minute was achieved
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.80,0:02:18.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by Margaret Owen and Taylor\Nclaimed much of the credit.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.60,0:02:24.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At Fords factory, Taylorism meant\Ndividing automobile production
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.71,0:02:26.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into simple repetitive steps.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.66,0:02:30.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There would be no need\Nfor skilled craftsmen
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.87,0:02:32.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with years of apprenticeship.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.02,0:02:37.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Men could learn to\Ndo any job quickly.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.99,0:02:43.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A trained wheelwright, no longer\Nmade each wheel in its entirety.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.31,0:02:47.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wheel making was broken\Ndown into almost 100 steps,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.83,0:02:50.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,done by different men\Nat different machines.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.60,0:02:58.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was much faster, but workers could\Nstill complete only 200 cars a day
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.45,0:03:03.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, in 1913, Ford introduced his\Nmost revolutionary change yet.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.22,0:03:10.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> In those days, each car\Nwas built from the frame
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.09,0:03:15.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,up on stationary wooden horses.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.64,0:03:17.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> The Ford Motor Company\Nfilmed a reenactment
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.98,0:03:21.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of how Henry Ford first\Ntried out his new idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.57,0:03:25.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> Henry Ford watched it for a\Nwhile and he had an inspiration.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.02,0:03:28.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead of moving the\Nmen past the cars,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.86,0:03:34.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why not move the cars past the men?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.90,0:03:38.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, on one hot August morning,\Nthey tried it that way.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.23,0:03:41.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A husky young fellow put\Na rope over his shoulder
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.45,0:03:43.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Henry Ford called let's go.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.17,0:03:56.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And at that very moment, as the\Nworkmen began to fasten the parts
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.36,0:04:00.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,onto the slowly moving car,\Nthe assembly line was born.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.40,0:04:06.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> Soon assembly lines were up\Nand running in Fords factory.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.38,0:04:09.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The lines became the\Nkey to mass production,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.17,0:04:12.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a system that would\Nremain virtually unchanged
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.74,0:04:14.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for most of the century.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.99,0:04:22.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A network of timing conveyers\Nwas used to deliver parts
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.04,0:04:24.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to an exact point on the line.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.32,0:04:31.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The workers became an integral\Npart of the great machine
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.22,0:04:36.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and management set the pace\Nwithout discussion or negotiation,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.94,0:04:38.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for unions were forbidden.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.04,0:04:45.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The men faced new pressure as\Nthe final assembly line beat
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.52,0:04:47.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out the rhythm for\Nthe whole factory.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.03,0:04:51.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There was no way they\Ncould stop or slow it down.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.48,0:04:58.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Few stood the pace and\N[inaudible] for long.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.09,0:05:04.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Men tried it for a few weeks,\Nthen quit, but Ford had an answer.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.40,0:05:07.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The company was making\Nrecord profits.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.88,0:05:11.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The time taken to build each\Ncar had dropped to 1 1/2 hours,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.91,0:05:14.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so he could afford to raise pay.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.40,0:05:18.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When he announced he was doubling\Nwages to the unheard of level
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.81,0:05:22.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of $5 a day, the factory was\Nbesieged with applicants.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.54,0:05:26.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Other car makers adapted\Nthe Ford method.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.86,0:05:31.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ford's recipe, mass production,\Nlow costs, high wages,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.21,0:05:35.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was creating not only cheap\Ncars, but well paid workers.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.93,0:05:41.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Above all, it was the constant\Nsupply of new men arriving
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.25,0:05:42.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into to Detroit that\Nmade it possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.57,0:05:47.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The company set the\Nterms, if they worked fast
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.21,0:05:49.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and obeyed orders,\Nthey got the wages.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.25,0:05:54.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was a game for which\NFord made the rules simple,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.90,0:05:57.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but strict, high pay for hard work.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.80,0:06:05.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> What Mr. Ford wanted from\Nhis workers was a good days work
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.36,0:06:10.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the shift, go home eat and go\Nto bed and you'd save your strength
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.09,0:06:12.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and get up and give him\Na good day the next day.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.15,0:06:16.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was-- that just pops in\Nmy mind and it is the truth.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.100,0:06:19.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> Ford's private security force,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.93,0:06:22.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Plant Protection\NService, kept discipline.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.19,0:06:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anyone who recruited\Nfor the union was fired.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.67,0:06:28.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Company spies kept a lookout
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.16,0:06:29.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for those considered\Nto be trouble makers.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.83,0:06:35.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Workers on the Rouge lines\Nhad never had job security.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.54,0:06:37.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now those lucky enough still
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.76,0:06:40.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to have jobs became\Nincreasingly powerless.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.73,0:06:45.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> You couldn't even\Ntalk to guys on the job,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.10,0:06:49.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not let the foreman see you, there\Nwas whispers going on and what not.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.46,0:06:54.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A friend of mine was fired 3 times, a guy\Nby the name of John Gallow, for smiling
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.07,0:06:59.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you went to the bathroom you had
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.23,0:07:01.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get permission\Nfrom your supervisor.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.30,0:07:07.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you were in there for 3\Nor 4 minutes, you would take one
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.31,0:07:10.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the service guys, if\Nyou had to use the bathroom
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.82,0:07:12.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to relieve your bowels,\Nhe would come up
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.98,0:07:17.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and put his foot before you\Nflush and he'd say stand up.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.22,0:07:19.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when you stand up and\Nif there wasn't something
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.51,0:07:21.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the toilet, out you go.