[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.87,0:01:00.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In recent years, the oceans have faced\Nsome of the most dramatic changes
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.05,0:01:03.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in all of its history.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.35,0:01:08.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But to really begin understanding how\Nvital the oceans are for life on Earth,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.24,0:01:11.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how we as humans are impacting it, we\Nhave to start looking at
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.22,0:01:15.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some of the smallest organisms\Nthat live there: phytoplankton.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.71,0:01:19.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Phytoplankton are microscopic\Nmarine plants
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.27,0:01:23.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which produce up to 80%\Nof the world's oxygen.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.64,0:01:26.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That means, that for every ten breaths\Nthat we take,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.91,0:01:30.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,eight of them have come from the ocean.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.90,0:01:36.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In just one cup of seawater, there may be\Nup to 100 million individual phytoplankton.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.23,0:01:40.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Huge plumes of these microscopic plants\Ncan even be seen from space,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.36,0:01:45.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as they divide, multiply, and move with\Nthe currents around the globe.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.50,0:01:50.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These microscopic life forms are so\Ncrucial to creating the necessary
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.14,0:01:53.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,conditions for other life to thrive, that\Nif they were to ever go extinct,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.82,0:01:56.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all other species would die with them.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.76,0:02:00.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oceanic pH and flow of water are\Nessential for these invisible plants
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.48,0:02:04.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to thrive and produce oxygen as well as\Ntake in carbon, where they then sink to
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.50,0:02:07.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the bottom of the sea for thousands\Nof years.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.44,0:02:11.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They also happen to be the primary food\Nsource of small marine animals,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.80,0:02:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and form the base of the marine food\Nweb, which has a knock-on effect on
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.00,0:02:16.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,larger predators.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.50,0:02:22.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In other words, the healthier the oceans,\Nthe more phytoplankton there will be,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.84,0:02:26.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the more phytoplankton there is, the\Nmore sea animals there can be.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.76,0:02:30.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One example of a symbiotic relationship\Nis with whales.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.02,0:02:34.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Their diet consists of fish, krill,\Nplankton and other small marine animals,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.66,0:02:37.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they often hunt in the dark depths\Nof the ocean.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.32,0:02:40.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Due to the fact they must return to the\Ntop of the ocean to breathe in air again,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.86,0:02:44.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they end up bringing those nutrients back\Nto the vital topsoil-like layer of the sea
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.97,0:02:50.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where phytoplankton can then utilize\Nthe iron, nitrogen and sunlight again.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.22,0:02:58.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Blue whales, for example, defecate up to\Nthree tons into the sea every single day.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.77,0:03:03.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Iron and nitrogen rich fertilizer which\Nprovides food for the phytoplankton,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.22,0:03:06.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which then provides food for the\Nzooplankton, fish, and then ultimately,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.53,0:03:08.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the whales again.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.02,0:03:13.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This vertical movement of animals\Nup and down the oceans, which mixes up
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.76,0:03:18.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the sea, is astonishingly roughly the same\Namount of mixing caused by all the world's
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.11,0:03:20.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,winds, waves and tides.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.44,0:03:29.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Humans, on the other hand, take everything\Nfrom the ocean and give nothing back.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.22,0:03:33.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fishermen claim that the whales and\Nthe seals are eating all of THEIR fish,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.07,0:03:36.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so they cull these animals, not\Nrealizing that to have more fish in the sea,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.48,0:03:39.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the oceans need to have more whales,\Nmore seals and other predators
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.90,0:03:44.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep this symbiotic relationship\Nin balance.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.34,0:03:48.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Humans are the cause of this species\Ndepletion.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.07,0:03:53.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Scientists have now estimated that as many\Nas 650,000 whales, dolphins and seals
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.26,0:03:57.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are killed by fishing vessel per year,\Nand yet still most people will continue
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.26,0:04:01.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to think that this will have little to no\Nimpact on the marine ecosystem.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.31,0:04:04.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When really, they play a vital and\Nirreplaceable role
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.05,0:04:07.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the oceanic life cycle.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.44,0:04:11.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And those aren't the only animals we are\Ndriving to extinction.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.47,0:04:16.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An estimated 200,000 sharks are killed\Nevery day for the shark fin industry,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.29,0:04:20.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which equates to roughly 73 million\Nsharks every year.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.34,0:04:24.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All the while, 140 different species\Nare listed as endangered,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.20,0:04:26.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,threatened, or near threatened by\Nextinction according to the
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.92,0:04:29.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oceanic Preservation Society.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.25,0:04:32.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sharks are the apex predators of the ocean,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.72,0:04:35.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who have shaped the evolution of\Nthousands of marine species,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.44,0:04:38.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and have been around for 400 million\Nyears.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.20,0:04:42.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Their extinction would, without doubt,\Ndismantle the entire ecosystem.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.27,0:04:46.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have survived the previous five mass\Nextinctions, and are now going extinct,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.11,0:04:47.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thanks to humans.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.85,0:04:52.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's not only the Asian demand for\Nshark fins, that sell for $400 per pound,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.07,0:04:53.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is to blame.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.44,0:04:56.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Around 50 million sharks are pulled out of\Nthe ocean per year as bycatch
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.94,0:04:59.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all around the globe, by accident.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.09,0:05:02.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Often by so-called "sustainable fishing"\Nmethods.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.22,0:05:05.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if people are to really be against the\Nkilling of sharks, and want to protect
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.35,0:05:09.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,biodiversity in the oceans, we must stop\Nfishing altogether.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.53,0:05:12.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another endangered species with\Ndwindling spawning numbers is
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.97,0:05:18.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Pacific bluefin tuna, which has had\Na 96% reduction in global stock levels.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.74,0:05:24.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, Mitsubishi, who in 2009 held\N35-40% of the worldwide market for
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.69,0:05:28.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bluefin tuna, is reported as having\Na fifteen year supply of frozen
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.51,0:05:35.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bluefin tuna in its warehouses, yet continues\Nto fish these threatened species regardless.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.52,0:05:39.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They could effectively stop fishing tuna\Nfor the next fifteen years to give enough
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.34,0:05:43.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,time for some of the population to\Nreplenish, yet refuse to take such action,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.06,0:05:48.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the scarcity for bluefin tuna has driven\Nits cost up exponentially.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.31,0:05:56.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Approximately 2.7 trillion fish are taken\Nfrom the sea every year,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.23,0:06:00.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,40% of which is discarded as bycatch,\Nand another third of which is often used
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.92,0:06:04.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to feed the animals which people eat\Nfor meat, dairy and eggs.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.86,0:06:10.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, so much fish is ground up into\Npellets and fed to livestock that
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.18,0:06:15.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pigs, cows and chickens are now\Nthe world's leading oceanic predators.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.10,0:06:19.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whilst the sewage that these land animals\Nproduce, have created over 500
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.27,0:06:22.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nitrogen flooded dead zones\Naround the world in our oceans,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.69,0:06:25.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and comprise more than\N95,000 square miles of
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.52,0:06:27.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,areas completely devoid of life.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.80,0:06:30.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So any meaningful discussion about\Nthe state of the oceans
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.46,0:06:34.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,must always embrace as a priority\Nfrank discussion about land-based
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.32,0:06:38.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,animal agriculture, which is the exact\Nopposite of what virtually every
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.97,0:06:43.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,conservation group, like WWF and\NOceana, are doing.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.18,0:06:47.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are still hooked on the romantic\Nnotion of promoting "sustainable fishing",
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.38,0:06:50.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which although makes consumers\Ncomfortably unaware about the true
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.28,0:06:53.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exploitation and cost to the oceans\Nand the animals, can never take away
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.34,0:06:56.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the fact that leading environmental\Nresearchers and scientists say that
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.97,0:07:00.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"sustainable fishing" is virtually impossible\Nwhen keeping in mind the overwhelming
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.55,0:07:03.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,debt we already owe to the ocean.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.78,0:07:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Out of all the species that humans take\Nfrom the ocean, none is as devastating
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.00,0:07:10.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on marine animal populations as shrimping.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.76,0:07:15.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Currently, shrimp make up about 2% by\Nweight of the animals taken from the sea,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.02,0:07:18.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yet make up for a third of global bycatch.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.19,0:07:22.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In some cases, for every one kilogram of\Nshrimp caught, up to 20 kilograms of other
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.69,0:07:25.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,animals can be caught as bycatch\Nin the process.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.91,0:07:28.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not only that, but since land-based\Nfish farming has been on the rise in
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.89,0:07:32.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recent years, many vessels at sea are\Ntargeting so-called "trash fish", which
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.98,0:07:36.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are made up from juvenile fish from\Nenvironmentally important species,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.14,0:07:38.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to then grind up into fish food.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.30,0:07:42.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In this way, almost four tons of\Nwild-caught fish can be used to produce
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.36,0:07:46.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just half a ton of shrimp, which ends up\Nin supermarkets and restaurants
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.11,0:07:48.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,across the US, Europe, and Asia.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.55,0:07:52.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This has severely impacted the ability for\Nmany species to replenish,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.34,0:07:58.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mature and mulitply. The knock-on effect\Nof this devastation is almost never-ending.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.06,0:08:02.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In some regions of the world, such as\NSoutheast Asia, the oceans are so exploited
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.68,0:08:05.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that although fishermen are working\Nseveral times harder than in the past,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.67,0:08:07.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are catching fewer and fewer fish.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.77,0:08:11.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is especially the case in Thailand,\Nwhere fishermen are catching 14%
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.35,0:08:14.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of what they used to 50 years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.86,0:08:19.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This has led to a loss of profits, increase\Nin illegal fishing in marine sanctuaries,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.28,0:08:23.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,persistent fishing methods that allow no\Ntime for spawning, and also resulted in
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.43,0:08:26.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,large rates of slave labour, as young men\Nand women are kidnapped on land,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.71,0:08:30.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,drugged, beaten unconscious, and taken\Non ships where they may be forced to work
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.28,0:08:34.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,relentlessly for years, so as to reduce\Nthe cost of the operations for the criminal
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.02,0:08:35.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ship owners.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.69,0:08:39.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is shocking to know, seeing as around\N33% of fish are coming from
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.32,0:08:42.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,developing countries, where not only is\Nregulation of fishing practices and
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.77,0:08:46.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,working standards almost non-existent,\Nbut also happen to be in regions
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.26,0:08:50.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the planet where endangered species\Nreside or migrate to.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.61,0:08:53.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Large-scale commercial fishing \Nkills vast amounts of fish,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.97,0:08:56.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and also destroys many ocean habitats.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.54,0:08:58.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Bottom trawling has been linked to mass\Ndeforestation,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.96,0:09:01.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as marine research of Brien Brett states.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.88,0:09:07.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imagine if you used a fleet of tractors \Nto drag 30 tons of gear over a 150 meter
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.07,0:09:11.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wide swath of land for most days \Nof the year, you would wipe out
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.39,0:09:14.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the New Forest in a few months, \Nand the rest of the countryside
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.30,0:09:16.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not long after that.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.36,0:09:20.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet that is what we are doing to the\Nseabed around Britain, even worse,\N
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.16,0:09:23.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the boats keep going over\Nthe same key areas.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.08,0:09:28.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The seafloor gets no chance to \Nrecuperate. It is tragic.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.30,0:09:32.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Before being slaughtered, fish \Nare sometimes stunned.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.29,0:09:35.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the following methods are used:\Na blow to the head,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.61,0:09:40.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,electrical stunning, cold water \Nimmersion, and carbon dioxide gassing.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.43,0:09:43.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Carbon dioxide gassing is where \Nthe fish enter water that has been
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.13,0:09:46.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,saturated with carbon dioxide. \NThis rapid change in their environment
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.88,0:09:49.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,irritates their gills. \NFish struggle for several minutes
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.51,0:09:53.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,before they become immobile from\Nexaustion and lack of oxygen.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.09,0:09:56.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is no evidence that the fish \Nare anaesthetised at this stage,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.51,0:10:00.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they are not unconcious when\Ntheir gills are cut.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.01,0:10:03.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are a number of different methods\Nused to slaughter fish,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.42,0:10:05.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether from farms or caught in the wild.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.90,0:10:09.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These include asphyxiation, where \Nthe fish are removed from the water
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.67,0:10:12.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that their gills collapse,\Nand they suffocate to death.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.61,0:10:14.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It can take some fish, \Nsuch as trout, ten minutes
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.99,0:10:17.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to die from this method.\NTearing of the gill arches
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.64,0:10:20.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that fish bleed to death \Nis another method.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.30,0:10:23.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It can take up to 4 minutes \Nfor the fish to die.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.14,0:10:25.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hoisting the fish from the water\Nwith the hook, and then
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.15,0:10:28.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,forcing a spike through their\Nbrain is often used on tuna.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.45,0:10:31.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Decapitation is another method, \Nwhile some fish are even sold alive
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.80,0:10:37.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and killed by the user, such as\Na restaurant or a consumer.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.02,0:10:41.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some will try to justify the \Nconsumption of fish, based on their
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.32,0:10:45.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,apparent lack of intelligence, \Nmemory, and ability to feel pain.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.74,0:10:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Research has shown that several\Nfish species have accurate memories
Dialogue: 0,0:10:49.38,0:10:52.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that can last several days, \Nor even years in the case of
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.02,0:10:54.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,migrating salmon. \NSome fish will migrate across
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.99,0:10:58.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thousands of miles of ocean, \Nreturning to spawn at the location
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.13,0:11:00.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they themselves were spawned.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.25,0:11:03.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fish respond to threats and stress \Nthrough changes in their colour,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.56,0:11:05.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or in their movement, such as \Nswimming more rapidly,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.73,0:11:09.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,becoming immobile, or even \Nswimming at different depths.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.06,0:11:13.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Research has shown that some fish,\Nparticulary trout, show fear
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.03,0:11:16.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and avoidance behavior towards\Nunknown or unfamiliar objects,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.58,0:11:19.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and have been found to take \Ntheir time before approaching
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.05,0:11:22.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these objects, sometimes even \Navoiding them altogether.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.80,0:11:26.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because fish and shellfish live in\Nincreasingly polluted environments,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.51,0:11:28.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,toxins from the water\Naccumulate in their bodies.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.92,0:11:31.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Studies have shown that most \Nof the fish throughout the world
Dialogue: 0,0:11:31.08,0:11:33.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,contain dangerously high\Nlevels of mercury.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.95,0:11:36.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the Faroe islands, \Nwhere the local population
Dialogue: 0,0:11:36.04,0:11:39.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,frequently slaughter and consume \Npilot whales, which there is
Dialogue: 0,0:11:39.07,0:11:42.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,little to no data for to see\Nif they're endangered or not,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:42.49,0:11:45.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,body mercury levels are sky-high.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.29,0:11:48.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Researchers had also found \Nthat for every one gram of whale meat,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.79,0:11:54.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was 2 micrograms of methylmercury, \Nthe most toxic form of mercury.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.10,0:11:57.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Exposure to this metal has \Nserious health consequences,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:57.03,0:12:01.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including increased risk of cancer,\Nheart disease, and even death.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.09,0:12:05.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fish also contain unsafe levels \Nof polychlorinated biphenyls,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.16,0:12:08.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are danregous chemicals that \Nhave been linked to neurological problems,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:08.09,0:12:10.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and birth defects in babies \Nwho have been exposed.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.95,0:12:15.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A plant-based diet automatically reduces\Nyour exposure to these chemicals.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:15.69,0:12:19.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Touted as a health food, fish has\Na reputation for being heart-healthy.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:19.63,0:12:23.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People who opt for fish to try and \Nprotect their hearts may not realize
Dialogue: 0,0:12:23.34,0:12:27.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that fish is often high in cholesterol. \NWhile an three ounce T-bone steak
Dialogue: 0,0:12:27.84,0:12:31.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,contains 70 miligrams of \Ncholesterol, just three ounces
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.34,0:12:34.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of shrimp contain a 161 milligrams.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.53,0:12:37.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Numerous studies have shown\Nthat dietary cholesterol consumption
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.33,0:12:41.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,corresponds with an increased \Nrisk of artery blockage.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.46,0:12:45.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While fish contain omega 3 fats, \Nmost of the fat in fish is not healthy.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.97,0:12:50.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Between 15 and 30% of the fat \Nin fish is actually saturated fat,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.66,0:12:53.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which stimulates the liver to \Nproduce more cholesterol.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.58,0:12:58.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,High fat foods are associated \Nwith poor heart health outcomes.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:58.14,0:13:02.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The good news is, that by eliminating \Nfoods that contain cholesterol, like fish,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:02.12,0:13:05.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and opting for more naturally\Ncholesterol-free plant foods,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.17,0:13:09.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people can reduce both their cholesterol\Nlevels and their risk of heart disease,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:09.09,0:13:11.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because research has shown that\Nevery one percent reduction
Dialogue: 0,0:13:11.73,0:13:15.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in cholesterol means a reduction\Nin heart disease risk by two percent.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.75,0:13:21.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fish is not a sustainable, kind or healthy \Nfood source for today or the future.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.92,0:13:24.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's no reason for us to continue\Nin this destructive way of
Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.88,0:13:27.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,animal farming for the sake \Nof our nourishment.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.79,0:13:31.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The science has proven, without doubt, \Nthat it is not necessary to our survival
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.56,0:13:36.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to consume animals, and in fact,\Nit is quite the opposite.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:36.68,0:13:39.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not only is the elimination of \Nanimal products healthy for us,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:39.29,0:13:42.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it is hugely beneficial for\Nthe planet, and for the other animals
Dialogue: 0,0:13:42.14,0:13:44.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that inhabit the sea and the earth with us.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.100,0:13:49.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Becoming vegan and reducing your body count\Nand environmental footprint is easy.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:49.26,0:13:51.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For more help in progressing \Nto a vegan diet and making
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.76,0:13:54.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the transition you can visit\Nthese websites for more information,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.76,0:13:57.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, as always, if you found this video\Nhelpful and want to make a difference,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:57.70,0:14:01.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comment, subscribe, \Nand please share it around.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:01.03,0:14:04.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you also want to help support\Nthe making of more videos like these,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:04.03,0:14:06.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which require hundreds of hours to make,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.17,0:14:09.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can visit my patreon page \Nfor more information there.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.27,0:14:11.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you for watching.