[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.50,0:00:03.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft orchestral music)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.14,0:00:23.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- At any time between 1750 and 1930,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.18,0:00:25.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you had asked educated people
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.90,0:00:30.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to describe the aim of\Npoetry, art, or music,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.06,0:00:32.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they would've replied, beauty.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.36,0:00:35.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft orchestral music)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.52,0:00:40.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you had asked\Nfor the point of that,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.72,0:00:43.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you would've learned\Nthat beauty is a value
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.24,0:00:46.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as important as truth and goodness.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.27,0:00:49.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft orchestral music)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.12,0:00:57.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then in the 20th century,\Nbeauty stopped being important.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.07,0:01:01.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Art increasingly aimed to disturb
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.57,0:01:03.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to break moral taboos.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.49,0:01:06.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was not beauty, but originality,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.04,0:01:09.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,however achieved and\Nat whatever moral cost
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.41,0:01:11.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that won the prizes.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.06,0:01:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft opera music)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.54,0:01:19.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not only has art made a cult of ugliness,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.11,0:01:23.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,architecture too has\Nbecome soulless and sterile
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.16,0:01:26.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and is not just our physical surroundings
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.26,0:01:28.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that have become ugly.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.41,0:01:33.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our language, our music, and our manners
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.78,0:01:37.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are increasingly raucous, self-centered,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.92,0:01:40.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and offensive, as if beauty and good taste
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.63,0:01:43.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have no real place in our lives.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.62,0:01:49.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One word is written large\Non all these ugly things,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.62,0:01:51.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that word is me.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.54,0:01:54.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My profits, my desires, my pleasures,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.96,0:01:58.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and art has nothing to\Nsay in response to this
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.46,0:02:00.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,except yeah, go for it.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.92,0:02:06.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think we are losing beauty,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.26,0:02:08.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there is a danger that with it,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.72,0:02:11.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we will lose the meaning of life.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.34,0:02:14.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft orchestral music)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.17,0:02:26.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(lively orchestral music)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.21,0:02:32.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm Roger Scruton, philosopher and writer.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.47,0:02:34.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My trade is to ask questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.99,0:02:38.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,During the last few years,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.53,0:02:42.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have been asking questions about beauty.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.17,0:02:46.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Beauty has been central\Nto our civilization
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.59,0:02:48.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for over 2000 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.57,0:02:51.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From its beginnings in ancient Greece,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.53,0:02:54.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,philosophy has reflected\Non the place of beauty
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.01,0:02:58.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in art, poetry, music,\Narchitecture, and everyday life.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.28,0:03:01.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(lively orchestral music)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.95,0:03:06.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Philosophers have argued that through
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.41,0:03:07.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the pursuit of beauty,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.72,0:03:10.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we shape the world as a home.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.87,0:03:12.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We also come to understand our own nature
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.97,0:03:14.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as spiritual beings.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.56,0:03:20.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But our world has turned\Nits back on beauty,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.73,0:03:22.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and because of that, we find ourselves
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.43,0:03:25.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,surrounded by ugliness and alienation.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.37,0:03:31.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to persuade you\Nthat beauty matters,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.29,0:03:33.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that it is not just a subjective thing,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.61,0:03:36.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but a universal need of human beings.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.82,0:03:40.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we ignore this need,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.27,0:03:43.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we find ourselves in a spiritual desert.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.63,0:03:46.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to show you the\Npath out of that desert,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.59,0:03:49.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it is a path that leads to home.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.45,0:03:52.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(lively orchestral music)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.05,0:03:58.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(lively piano music)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.41,0:04:10.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The great artists of the past
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.39,0:04:14.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were aware that human life is\Nfull of chaos and suffering,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.24,0:04:18.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they had a remedy of this,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.41,0:04:21.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the name of this remedy was beauty.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.53,0:04:24.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(lively piano music)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.81,0:04:32.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The beautiful work of art\Nbrings consolation in sorrow
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.25,0:04:34.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and affirmation in joy.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.85,0:04:40.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It shows human life to be worthwhile.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.09,0:04:43.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(lively piano music)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.16,0:04:50.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many modern artists have become weary
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.16,0:04:51.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of this sacred task.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.38,0:04:55.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The randomness of modern life, they think,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.49,0:04:58.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could not be redeemed by art.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.51,0:05:01.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead, it should be displayed.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.62,0:05:05.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The pattern was set nearly a century ago
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.86,0:05:09.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the French artist Marcel Duchamp
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.06,0:05:12.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who signed a urinal with\Na fictitious signature,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.15,0:05:15.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,R. Mutt, and entered it for an exhibition.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.09,0:05:19.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His gesture was satirical
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.53,0:05:21.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,designed to mock the world of art
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.87,0:05:24.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the snobberies that go with it.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.66,0:05:29.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it has been\Ninterpreted in another way,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.54,0:05:32.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that showing that anything can be art.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.07,0:05:36.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like a light going on and off.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.84,0:05:39.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(light music)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.70,0:05:42.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A can of excrement,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.69,0:05:45.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or even a pile of bricks.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.57,0:05:51.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No longer does art have a sacred status.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.44,0:05:54.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No longer does it raise\Nus to a higher moral
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.08,0:05:56.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or spiritual plane.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.14,0:05:59.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is just one human gesture among others,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.30,0:06:02.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no more meaningful than\Na laugh or a shout.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.28,0:06:06.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I think they're making fun of us.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.41,0:06:08.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a pile of bricks.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.87,0:06:16.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Art once made a cult of beauty.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.27,0:06:19.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now we have a cult of ugliness instead.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.99,0:06:22.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Since the world is disturbing,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.48,0:06:25.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,art should be disturbing too.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.44,0:06:27.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those who look for beauty in art
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.02,0:06:30.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are just out of touch\Nwith modern realities.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.27,0:06:35.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes, the intention is to shock us,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.41,0:06:37.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what is shocking first time round
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.65,0:06:40.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is boring and vacuous when repeated.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.44,0:06:46.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This makes art into an elaborate joke,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.18,0:06:49.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,though one that by now\Nhas ceased to be funny.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.31,0:06:51.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet the critics go on endorsing it,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.55,0:06:55.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,afraid to say that the\Nemperor has no clothes.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.51,0:07:01.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Creative art is not\Nachieved just like that,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.41,0:07:03.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,simply by having an idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.88,0:07:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, ideas can be\Ninteresting and amusing,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.00,0:07:10.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but this doesn't justify the appropriation
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.46,0:07:11.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the label art.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.00,0:07:17.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If a work of art is\Nnothing more than an idea,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.22,0:07:18.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,anybody can be an artist,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.80,0:07:21.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and any object can be a work of art.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.73,0:07:23.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is no longer any need
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.49,0:07:26.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for skill, taste, or creativity.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.06,0:07:30.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(mischievous instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.81,0:07:33.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- What you are also attempting to do,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.92,0:07:37.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as I understand it, was devalue the art
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.30,0:07:39.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as an object simply by saying,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.52,0:07:41.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if I say it's a work of art,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.44,0:07:43.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that makes it a work of art.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.55,0:07:45.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Yeah, but even the word work of art,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.41,0:07:48.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you see, is not so important for me.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.97,0:07:50.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't care about the word art
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.65,0:07:52.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's been so,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.27,0:07:57.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know, discredited, in such a word.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.22,0:07:59.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Joan] But you in fact\Ncontributed to the discrediting,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.33,0:08:00.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,didn't you, quite deliberately?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.76,0:08:02.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Deliberately yes.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.55,0:08:05.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I very want to get rid of it
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.74,0:08:08.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because in a way, many people today
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.21,0:08:10.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have done away with religion.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.83,0:08:16.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- People accepted Duchamp\Nat his own valuation.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.23,0:08:18.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think he did not get rid of art.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.45,0:08:20.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He just got rid of creativity.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.44,0:08:25.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, Duchamp's works\Nare still influencing
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.42,0:08:27.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the course of art today.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.74,0:08:31.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Artist Michael Craig-Martin,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.22,0:08:34.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who taught several of\Nthe young British artists
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.14,0:08:37.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whose work dominates the art world,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.03,0:08:40.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,followed Duchamp's example\Nwith his own seminal work
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.46,0:08:42.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called An Oak Tree.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.52,0:08:45.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This consists of a glass\Nof water on a shelf
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.99,0:08:49.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a text explaining it is an oak tree.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.82,0:08:54.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I first entered St. Peter's
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.95,0:08:57.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and confronted Michelangelo's Pieta,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.94,0:09:00.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for me, that was a\Ntransporting experience.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.44,0:09:02.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My life was changed by this.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.20,0:09:05.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you think that someone\Ncan have the same experience
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.19,0:09:07.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with Duchamp's urinal, or perhaps,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.90,0:09:11.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with your oak tree, which is\Nafter all a similar thing?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.86,0:09:14.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I know that when I was a teenager,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.87,0:09:17.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I first came upon Duchamp,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.22,0:09:20.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I first came upon the ready mades,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.94,0:09:24.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was absolutely stunned in amazement.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.74,0:09:26.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't think people are overwhelmed
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.87,0:09:29.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by a sense of beauty\Nwhen they see the urinal.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.30,0:09:31.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not meant to be beautiful,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.23,0:09:33.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that doesn't mean that\Nthere isn't something about it
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.83,0:09:36.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that doesn't captivate the imagination,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.01,0:09:38.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think captivate the imagination
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.50,0:09:41.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the key to what an artwork seeks to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.50,0:09:44.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Duchamp felt that art had become
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.03,0:09:46.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,too interested in techniques,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.65,0:09:48.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,too interested in optics.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.65,0:09:50.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He felt that it had become
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.01,0:09:52.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,intellectually and morally corrupt.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.63,0:09:54.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now his reason for making an artwork
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.81,0:09:57.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that didn't fit the\Nsystem was not cynicism.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.41,0:10:01.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was in order to say\NI'm trying to make an art
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.65,0:10:04.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that denies all of the things
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.01,0:10:08.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that people say art should have
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.39,0:10:11.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I'm trying to say\Nthe central question of art
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.51,0:10:13.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rests somewhere else.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.31,0:10:17.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I take that point that\Nthings had to change.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.05,0:10:19.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Duchamp was trying to change them,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.17,0:10:22.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what was he trying to change them to?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.35,0:10:25.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Well, he could never,\Nin his wildest dreams,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.92,0:10:27.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have imagined what would\Nhappen would happen,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.89,0:10:30.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or that he himself, I'm\Nsure he had no idea,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.73,0:10:35.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how central the thing was\Nthat he had stumbled upon,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.53,0:10:36.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he had come upon,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.69,0:10:38.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,essentially that a work of art
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.99,0:10:42.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a work of art because\Nwe think of it as such.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.69,0:10:44.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I also think it's important to say
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.29,0:10:46.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the notion of\Nbeauty has been extended
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.35,0:10:49.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to include things that would\Nnot have been thought of.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:49.21,0:10:50.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's part of the artist's function,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.36,0:10:53.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to make beautify, make one\Nsee something as beautiful,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.41,0:10:54.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something that nobody\Nthought was beautiful
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.97,0:10:56.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,up until now.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.15,0:10:57.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Right, like a can of shit.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:57.72,0:11:00.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Well, I'm not sure that it's beautiful,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.52,0:11:02.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but if you take an example
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.20,0:11:04.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's not trying to be beautiful,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.11,0:11:06.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you take say Jeff Koons,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.63,0:11:08.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Jeff Koons has some things
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.36,0:11:11.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are truly astoundingly beautiful.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.86,0:11:14.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Roger] It's like so much kitsch to me,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.43,0:11:16.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but kitsch with sugar on.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.44,0:11:18.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Michael] This is the\Nsubject matter of his work,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.33,0:11:20.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not the substance of his work.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.39,0:11:22.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- What is the use of this art?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.29,0:11:24.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What does it help people to do?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.36,0:11:28.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I think it hopefully allows people
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.12,0:11:31.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to see the world in which they are living
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.79,0:11:37.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a way that gives it\Nmore meaning to them,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.29,0:11:40.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's not the world of an ideal world
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.19,0:11:41.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of some other world, some better place,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.97,0:11:44.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but of the here and now,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.40,0:11:45.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the world that they're in,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.93,0:11:48.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and are trying to live more at ease
Dialogue: 0,0:11:49.73,0:11:52.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within the world that they're given.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.63,0:11:56.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(discordant instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.98,0:12:04.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- So the art of today shows\Nus the world as it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.69,0:12:07.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The here and now and\Nall its imperfections.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.54,0:12:09.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But is the result really art?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:13.06,0:12:14.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Surely something is not a work of art
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.86,0:12:17.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it offers a slice of reality,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.81,0:12:21.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ugliness included, and calls itself art.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:25.14,0:12:29.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,("Cello Suite Number One" by Bach)
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.28,0:12:37.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Art needs creativity,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.54,0:12:40.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and creativity is about sharing.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.66,0:12:42.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is a call to others to see the world
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.60,0:12:44.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the artist sees it.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:47.54,0:12:48.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is why we find beauty
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.81,0:12:51.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the naive art of children.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.46,0:12:53.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Children are not giving us ideas
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.02,0:12:55.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the place of creative images,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:55.11,0:12:58.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nor are they wallowing in ugliness.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:58.78,0:13:01.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are trying to affirm\Nthe world as they see it
Dialogue: 0,0:13:01.56,0:13:03.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to share what they feel.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:06.81,0:13:09.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Something of the child's\Npure delight in creation
Dialogue: 0,0:13:09.97,0:13:12.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,survives in every true work of art.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:14.31,0:13:16.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But creativity is not enough,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:16.38,0:13:17.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the skill of the true artist
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.93,0:13:21.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to show the real in\Nthe light of the ideal,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.68,0:13:23.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so, transfigure it.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.50,0:13:29.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what Michelangelo achieves
Dialogue: 0,0:13:29.06,0:13:31.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in his great portrayal of David.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:34.96,0:13:38.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when we encounter a\Nconcrete cast of the David,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:38.40,0:13:41.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perhaps it's part of\Nsome garden arrangement,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:41.10,0:13:43.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is not beautiful at all,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.16,0:13:47.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for it lacks the essential\Ningredient of creativity.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:47.18,0:13:50.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(upbeat electronic music)
Dialogue: 0,0:13:56.41,0:13:59.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:05.28,0:14:08.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Discussions of the kind I have\Nbeen having are dangerous.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:08.94,0:14:10.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In our democratic culture,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:10.54,0:14:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people often think it is threatening
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.40,0:14:15.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to judge another person's taste.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:17.30,0:14:19.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some are even offended by the suggestion
Dialogue: 0,0:14:19.65,0:14:23.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that there is a difference\Nbetween good and bad taste,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:23.20,0:14:25.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or that it matters what you look at
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.12,0:14:26.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or read or listen to.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:28.72,0:14:30.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But this doesn't help anybody.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:30.90,0:14:32.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are standards of beauty
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.12,0:14:35.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which have a firm base in human nature,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:35.11,0:14:36.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we need to look for them
Dialogue: 0,0:14:36.37,0:14:38.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and build them into our lives.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:44.45,0:14:46.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe people have lost\Ntheir faith in beauty
Dialogue: 0,0:14:46.98,0:14:49.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they have lost\Ntheir belief in ideals.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:49.86,0:14:51.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All there is, they are tempted to think,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:51.76,0:14:54.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the world of appetite.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:54.13,0:14:58.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are no values other\Nthan utilitarian ones.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:58.53,0:15:01.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Something has a value if it has a use,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:01.57,0:15:03.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what's the use of beauty?
Dialogue: 0,0:15:07.01,0:15:11.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All art is absolutely\Nuseless wrote Oscar Wilde,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:11.32,0:15:14.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who intended his remark as praise.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:14.21,0:15:18.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For Wilde, beauty of a value\Nhigher than usefulness.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:19.39,0:15:21.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People need useless things
Dialogue: 0,0:15:21.16,0:15:23.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just as much as, even more than
Dialogue: 0,0:15:23.30,0:15:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they need things with a use.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:25.98,0:15:27.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just think of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:27.09,0:15:31.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is the use of love,\Nof friendship, of worship?
Dialogue: 0,0:15:31.25,0:15:32.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,None whatsoever.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:33.57,0:15:35.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the same goes for beauty.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:39.05,0:15:42.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our consumer society\Nputs usefulness first,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:42.43,0:15:46.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and beauty is no better\Nthan a side effect.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:47.37,0:15:50.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Since art is useless, it\Ndoesn't matter what you read,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:50.74,0:15:54.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what you look at, what you listen to.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:54.17,0:15:56.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ I see you baby
Dialogue: 0,0:15:56.15,0:15:58.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ Shaking that ass
Dialogue: 0,0:15:58.02,0:15:59.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ Shaking that ass
Dialogue: 0,0:15:59.54,0:16:00.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ Shaking that ass
Dialogue: 0,0:16:00.54,0:16:02.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are besieged by message on every side,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.70,0:16:05.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,titillated, tempted by appetite,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:05.04,0:16:08.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,never at rest, and that is one reason
Dialogue: 0,0:16:08.46,0:16:11.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why beauty is disappearing from our world.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:11.10,0:16:12.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ Shaking that ass
Dialogue: 0,0:16:12.52,0:16:14.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ Shaking that ass
Dialogue: 0,0:16:14.06,0:16:16.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Getting and spending, wrote Wordsworth,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:16.72,0:16:18.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we lay waste our powers.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:18.50,0:16:19.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ Shaking that ass
Dialogue: 0,0:16:19.96,0:16:21.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ Shaking that ass
Dialogue: 0,0:16:21.66,0:16:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In our culture today,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:23.00,0:16:26.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the advert is more important\Nthan the work of art,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:26.26,0:16:28.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and artworks often try\Nto capture our attention
Dialogue: 0,0:16:28.77,0:16:33.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as adverts do, by being\Nbrash or outrageous,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:33.07,0:16:37.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like this bejeweled platinum\Nskull by Damien Hirst.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:38.27,0:16:40.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lie adverts, today's works of art
Dialogue: 0,0:16:40.39,0:16:44.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,aim to create a brand, even if\Nthey have no product to sell,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:44.81,0:16:46.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,except themselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:46.37,0:16:49.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(crowd chattering)
Dialogue: 0,0:16:54.49,0:16:57.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(somber orchestral music)
Dialogue: 0,0:17:08.34,0:17:12.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(building collapsing and shattering)
Dialogue: 0,0:17:21.27,0:17:23.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Beauty is assailed from two directions,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:23.71,0:17:26.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the cult of ugliness in the arts
Dialogue: 0,0:17:26.39,0:17:29.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and by the cult of\Nutility in everyday life.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:29.99,0:17:32.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These two cults come together
Dialogue: 0,0:17:32.06,0:17:35.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the world of modern architecture.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:35.40,0:17:38.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(somber orchestral music)
Dialogue: 0,0:17:38.68,0:17:40.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the turn of the 20th century,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:40.38,0:17:45.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,architects, like artists, began\Nto be impatient with beauty
Dialogue: 0,0:17:45.04,0:17:47.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to put utility in its place.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:50.98,0:17:53.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The American architect, Louis Sullivan,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:53.15,0:17:55.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,expressed the credo of the modernists
Dialogue: 0,0:17:55.94,0:17:58.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he said that form follows function.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:58.80,0:18:01.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In other words, stop thinking about
Dialogue: 0,0:18:01.20,0:18:02.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the way a building looks
Dialogue: 0,0:18:02.76,0:18:05.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and think instead about what it does.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:08.84,0:18:10.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sullivan's doctrine has been used
Dialogue: 0,0:18:10.62,0:18:13.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to justify the greatest\Ncrime against beauty
Dialogue: 0,0:18:13.54,0:18:15.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the world has yet seen,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:15.58,0:18:18.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that is the crime\Nof modern architecture.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:18.60,0:18:22.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(tense instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:18:36.71,0:18:38.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I grew up near Reading,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:38.47,0:18:41.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which was a charming Victorian town
Dialogue: 0,0:18:41.09,0:18:43.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with terraced streets and Gothic churches
Dialogue: 0,0:18:43.85,0:18:46.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,crowned by elegant public buildings
Dialogue: 0,0:18:46.61,0:18:48.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and smart hotels.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:48.72,0:18:51.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in the 1960s, things began to change.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:51.99,0:18:54.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here, in the center, the\Nhomely streets were demolished
Dialogue: 0,0:18:54.71,0:18:59.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make way for office blocks,\Na bus station, and car parks,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:59.59,0:19:03.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all designed without\Nconsideration for beauty,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:03.26,0:19:05.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the result proves as clearly as can be
Dialogue: 0,0:19:05.65,0:19:08.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that if you consider only utility,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:08.19,0:19:11.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the things you build will soon be useless.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:12.72,0:19:13.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This building is boarded up
Dialogue: 0,0:19:13.85,0:19:16.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because nobody has a use for it.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:16.17,0:19:17.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nobody has a use for it
Dialogue: 0,0:19:17.35,0:19:19.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because nobody wants to be in it.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:19.28,0:19:20.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nobody wants to be in it
Dialogue: 0,0:19:20.47,0:19:22.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the thing is so damned ugly.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:22.69,0:19:26.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(somber instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:19:34.89,0:19:39.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everywhere you turn, there\Nis ugliness and mutilation.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:39.97,0:19:43.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The offices and bus station\Nhave been abandoned.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:43.59,0:19:45.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The only things at home here
Dialogue: 0,0:19:45.09,0:19:48.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are the pigeons fouling the pavements.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:48.89,0:19:52.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everything has been vandalized.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:52.24,0:19:54.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we shouldn't blame the vandals.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:54.39,0:19:56.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This place was built by vandals,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:56.49,0:19:58.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and those who added the graffiti
Dialogue: 0,0:19:58.17,0:20:00.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,merely finished the job.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:05.09,0:20:08.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most of our towns and\Ncities have areas like this
Dialogue: 0,0:20:08.65,0:20:11.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which buildings erected\Nmerely for their utility
Dialogue: 0,0:20:11.65,0:20:14.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have rapidly become useless,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:14.73,0:20:18.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not that architects\Nlearned from the disaster.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:19.83,0:20:22.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(explosion)
Dialogue: 0,0:20:22.25,0:20:26.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(glass crashing and shattering)
Dialogue: 0,0:20:34.20,0:20:35.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the public began to react
Dialogue: 0,0:20:35.58,0:20:39.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,against the brutal concrete\Nstyle of the 1960s,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:39.14,0:20:40.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,architects simply replaced it
Dialogue: 0,0:20:40.70,0:20:44.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a new kind of junk, glass walls
Dialogue: 0,0:20:44.27,0:20:47.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hung on steel frames with absurd details
Dialogue: 0,0:20:47.28,0:20:49.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that don't match.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:49.42,0:20:52.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Result is another kind of failure to fit.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:52.34,0:20:54.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is there simply to be demolished.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:54.84,0:20:57.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(funky music)
Dialogue: 0,0:21:02.80,0:21:05.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(light music)
Dialogue: 0,0:21:11.08,0:21:13.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the midst of all this desolation,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:13.14,0:21:17.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we find a fragment of the\Nstreets that were destroyed.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:17.98,0:21:20.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once a forge, now a cafe.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:20.94,0:21:23.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People come here from all around
Dialogue: 0,0:21:23.04,0:21:26.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it is the last\Nbit of life remaining,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:26.34,0:21:29.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the life comes from the building.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:29.29,0:21:31.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(light music)
Dialogue: 0,0:21:41.14,0:21:43.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This returns me to Oscar Wilde's remark
Dialogue: 0,0:21:43.18,0:21:46.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that all art is absolutely useless.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:46.38,0:21:49.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Put usefulness first, and you lose it.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:50.46,0:21:52.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Put beauty first, and what you do
Dialogue: 0,0:21:52.91,0:21:54.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will be useful forever.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:55.78,0:21:58.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It turns out that nothing is more useful
Dialogue: 0,0:21:58.26,0:21:59.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than the useless.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:59.72,0:22:02.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(light music)
Dialogue: 0,0:22:05.24,0:22:07.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We see this in traditional architecture
Dialogue: 0,0:22:07.64,0:22:10.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with its decorative details.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:10.68,0:22:13.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ornaments liberate us from\Nthe tyranny of the useful
Dialogue: 0,0:22:13.96,0:22:17.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and satisfy our need for harmony.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:17.08,0:22:20.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In a strange way, they\Nmake us feel at home.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:20.52,0:22:24.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They remind us that we have\Nmore than practical needs.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:24.26,0:22:26.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are not just governed\Nby animal appetites
Dialogue: 0,0:22:26.86,0:22:28.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like eating and sleeping.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:28.94,0:22:31.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have spiritual and moral needs too,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:31.94,0:22:35.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if those needs go\Nunsatisfied, so do we.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:35.40,0:22:38.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft orchestral music)
Dialogue: 0,0:22:57.03,0:22:58.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We all know what it is like
Dialogue: 0,0:22:58.11,0:22:59.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even in the everyday world
Dialogue: 0,0:22:59.81,0:23:03.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,suddenly to be transported\Nby the things we see
Dialogue: 0,0:23:03.27,0:23:05.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the ordinary world of our appetites
Dialogue: 0,0:23:05.71,0:23:09.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the illuminated\Nsphere of contemplation.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:12.21,0:23:14.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A flash of sunlight, a remembered melody,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:14.97,0:23:17.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the face of someone\Nloved, these dawn on us
Dialogue: 0,0:23:17.83,0:23:19.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the most distracted moments,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:19.99,0:23:22.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and suddenly, life is worthwhile.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:22.93,0:23:26.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft orchestral music)
Dialogue: 0,0:23:30.91,0:23:32.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are timeless moments
Dialogue: 0,0:23:32.59,0:23:36.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which we feel the presence\Nof another and higher world.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:40.67,0:23:42.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From the beginning of\NWestern civilization,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:42.77,0:23:46.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,poets and philosophers have\Nseen the experience of beauty
Dialogue: 0,0:23:46.41,0:23:48.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as calling us to the divine.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:52.06,0:23:55.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Plato, writing in Athens\Nin the fourth century BC,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:55.99,0:23:58.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,argued that beauty is the sign
Dialogue: 0,0:23:58.05,0:24:00.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of another and higher order.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:03.97,0:24:07.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Beholding beauty with the\Neye of the mind, he wrote,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:07.16,0:24:09.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you will be able to nourish true virtue
Dialogue: 0,0:24:09.99,0:24:12.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and become the friend of God.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:16.41,0:24:18.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Plato was an idealist.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:18.53,0:24:21.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He believed that human beings are pilgrims
Dialogue: 0,0:24:21.47,0:24:23.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and passengers in this world
Dialogue: 0,0:24:23.81,0:24:26.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while always aspiring beyond it
Dialogue: 0,0:24:26.57,0:24:30.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the eternal realm where\Nwe will be united with God.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:36.44,0:24:39.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,God exists in a transcendental world
Dialogue: 0,0:24:39.93,0:24:41.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to which we humans aspire,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:41.73,0:24:44.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but which we cannot know directly.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:47.55,0:24:50.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But one way of glimpsing that\Nheavenly sphere here below
Dialogue: 0,0:24:50.99,0:24:54.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is through the experience with beauty.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:58.19,0:25:00.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This leads to a paradox.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:01.22,0:25:03.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For Plato, beauty was first and foremost
Dialogue: 0,0:25:03.76,0:25:07.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the beauty of the human\Nface and the human form.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:07.97,0:25:09.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The love of beauty, he thought,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:09.38,0:25:14.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,originates in eros, a\Npassion that all of us feel.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:14.05,0:25:17.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We would call this passion romantic love.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:17.38,0:25:20.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For Plato, eros was a cosmic force
Dialogue: 0,0:25:20.28,0:25:24.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which flows through us in\Nthe form of sexual desire.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:28.18,0:25:31.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if human beauty arouses desire,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:31.33,0:25:34.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how can it have anything\Nto do with the divine?
Dialogue: 0,0:25:34.82,0:25:39.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Desire is for the individual\Nliving in this world.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:39.28,0:25:41.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is an urgent passion.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:43.64,0:25:47.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sexual desire presents us with a choice,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:47.02,0:25:50.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,adoration or appetite, love or lust.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:53.22,0:25:57.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lust is about taking,\Nbut love is about giving.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:02.00,0:26:05.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lust brings ugliness, the\Nugliness of human relations
Dialogue: 0,0:26:05.54,0:26:07.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which one person treats another
Dialogue: 0,0:26:07.40,0:26:09.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a disposable instrument.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:13.24,0:26:15.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To reach the source of beauty,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:15.06,0:26:16.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we must overcome lust.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:16.86,0:26:20.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(playful instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:26:23.41,0:26:27.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(somber instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:26:34.02,0:26:37.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This longing without lust\Nis what we mean today
Dialogue: 0,0:26:37.11,0:26:38.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by platonic love.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:41.53,0:26:44.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we find beauty in a youthful person,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:44.31,0:26:46.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is because we glimpse\Nthe light of eternity
Dialogue: 0,0:26:46.79,0:26:48.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shining in those features
Dialogue: 0,0:26:48.69,0:26:51.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from a heavenly source beyond this world.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:51.61,0:26:55.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:26:57.57,0:26:59.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The beautiful human form is an invitation
Dialogue: 0,0:26:59.70,0:27:03.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to unite with it\Nspiritually, not physically.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:05.99,0:27:08.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our feeling for beauty is, therefore,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:08.07,0:27:11.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a religious and not a sensual emotion.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:11.59,0:27:15.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:27:19.23,0:27:22.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This theory of Plato's is astonishing.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:22.11,0:27:25.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Beauty, he thought, is a\Nvisitor from another world.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:25.49,0:27:28.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can do nothing with it save contemplate
Dialogue: 0,0:27:28.19,0:27:30.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,its pure radiance.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:30.06,0:27:33.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anything else pollutes and desecrates it,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:33.13,0:27:35.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,destroying its sacred aura.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:35.15,0:27:38.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:27:44.18,0:27:48.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Plato's theory may seem\Nquaint to people today,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:48.27,0:27:53.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it is one of the most\Ninfluential theories in history.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:53.17,0:27:54.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Throughout our civilization,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:54.69,0:27:58.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,poets, storytellers, painters,\Npriests, and philosophers
Dialogue: 0,0:27:58.84,0:28:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have been inspired by Plato's\Nviews on sex and love.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:08.98,0:28:11.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we are to just look\Nin the poetry corner
Dialogue: 0,0:28:11.24,0:28:13.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as to then books by people\Nwho have tried to express
Dialogue: 0,0:28:13.36,0:28:15.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Platonic vision of the erotic,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:15.80,0:28:17.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let's see who there is.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:19.93,0:28:24.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thomas Malory's Morte d'Arthur,\NJohn Donne Here and There,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:24.26,0:28:27.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gawain and the Green Knight, Chaucer,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:27.64,0:28:29.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially The Knight's Tale,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:29.34,0:28:31.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Poems of the Pearl Manuscript,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:31.66,0:28:34.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,incredible expressions of\Nthe Platonic love here,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:34.95,0:28:37.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cavalcanti, who is the master of Dante,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:37.60,0:28:40.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Dante himself definitely,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:40.61,0:28:44.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,oh Spencer of course, The Fairy Queen,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:44.18,0:28:47.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dafydd ap Gwilym, to take\Nthe Welsh version of it all,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:47.66,0:28:51.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Women Troubadours, Christina Rosetti.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:51.57,0:28:55.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't believe it more\NVictorian about it.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:55.22,0:28:56.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ah, so it goes on.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:00.18,0:29:03.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:29:09.62,0:29:12.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The early Renaissance\Npainter Sandro Botticelli
Dialogue: 0,0:29:12.53,0:29:16.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,illustrated the theory\Nin this famous painting,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:16.11,0:29:20.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which shows the birth of\NVenus, goddess of erotic love.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:21.68,0:29:25.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Venus looks on the world\Nfrom a place beyond desire.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:25.99,0:29:29.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She is inviting us to\Ntranscend our earthly appetites
Dialogue: 0,0:29:29.49,0:29:33.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and unite with her through\Nthe pure love of beauty.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:36.58,0:29:39.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Botticelli's model was Simonetta Vespucci.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:39.95,0:29:42.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Botticelli loved her until\Nthe end of her short life
Dialogue: 0,0:29:42.91,0:29:46.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and actually asked to\Nbe buried at her feet.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:46.43,0:29:49.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She represented to him Plato's ideal.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:49.44,0:29:54.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was beauty to be\Ncontemplated but not possessed.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:54.05,0:29:57.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:29:57.25,0:29:59.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Plato and Botticelli are telling us
Dialogue: 0,0:29:59.30,0:30:03.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that real beauty lies\Nbeyond sexual desire,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:03.20,0:30:07.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we can find beauty not only\Nin a desirable young person
Dialogue: 0,0:30:07.22,0:30:11.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also in a face full\Nof age, grief, and wisdom,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:11.97,0:30:13.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as Rembrandt painted.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:13.60,0:30:17.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:30:21.20,0:30:23.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The beauty of a face is a symbol
Dialogue: 0,0:30:23.17,0:30:26.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the life expressed in it.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:26.11,0:30:28.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is flesh become spirit,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:28.48,0:30:30.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in fixing our eyes on it,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:30.40,0:30:33.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we seem to see right\Nthrough into the soul.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:36.51,0:30:38.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Painters like Rembrandt are important
Dialogue: 0,0:30:38.64,0:30:40.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for showing us that beauty is an ordinary,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:40.83,0:30:43.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everyday kind of thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:43.04,0:30:45.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It lies all around us.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:45.04,0:30:47.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need only the eyes to see it
Dialogue: 0,0:30:47.07,0:30:49.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the hearts to feel.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:49.20,0:30:51.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The most ordinary event can be made
Dialogue: 0,0:30:51.23,0:30:53.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into something beautiful by a painter
Dialogue: 0,0:30:53.76,0:30:56.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who can see into the heart of things.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:56.62,0:31:00.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:31:09.65,0:31:12.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So long as the belief\Nin a transcendental god
Dialogue: 0,0:31:12.33,0:31:15.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was firmly anchored in the\Nheart of our civilization,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:15.95,0:31:19.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,artists and philosophers\Ncontinued to think of beauty
Dialogue: 0,0:31:19.19,0:31:20.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Plato's way.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:22.11,0:31:24.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Beauty was the revelation of God
Dialogue: 0,0:31:24.39,0:31:26.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the here and now.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:29.31,0:31:31.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This religious approach to the beautiful
Dialogue: 0,0:31:31.03,0:31:32.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lasted for 2000 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:34.63,0:31:37.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in the 17th century,\Nthe scientific revolution
Dialogue: 0,0:31:37.73,0:31:40.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,began to sow the seeds of doubt.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:40.31,0:31:43.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:31:43.75,0:31:46.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The medieval church\Naccepted the ancient view
Dialogue: 0,0:31:46.57,0:31:50.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the Earth lies at the\Ncenter of the universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:52.55,0:31:55.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then, Copernicus and Galileo\Nproved that the Earth
Dialogue: 0,0:31:55.77,0:31:59.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,circles the sun, and Newton\Ncompleted their work,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:00.77,0:32:03.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,describing a clockwork universe
Dialogue: 0,0:32:03.27,0:32:05.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which each moment follows mechanically
Dialogue: 0,0:32:05.75,0:32:07.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the one before.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:07.43,0:32:10.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:32:15.03,0:32:17.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was the Enlightenment vision
Dialogue: 0,0:32:17.42,0:32:18.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which described our world
Dialogue: 0,0:32:18.95,0:32:20.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as though there was no place in it
Dialogue: 0,0:32:20.68,0:32:22.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for gods and spirits,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:22.35,0:32:25.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no place for values and ideals,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:25.40,0:32:29.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no place for anything save\Nthe regular clockwork movement
Dialogue: 0,0:32:29.63,0:32:32.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which turned the moon around the Earth
Dialogue: 0,0:32:32.06,0:32:34.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the Earth around the sun
Dialogue: 0,0:32:34.23,0:32:36.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for no purpose whatsoever.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:36.79,0:32:40.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:32:42.39,0:32:44.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the heart of Newton's universe
Dialogue: 0,0:32:44.37,0:32:48.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a God shaped hole, a spiritual vacuum,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:48.49,0:32:50.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and one philosopher in particular
Dialogue: 0,0:32:50.47,0:32:52.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,set out to fill this vacuum.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:52.66,0:32:55.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is the Third Earl of Shaftesbury.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:55.41,0:32:59.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(light instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:32:59.16,0:33:02.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Science explains things,\Nbut, thought Shaftesbury,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:02.75,0:33:07.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,its account of the world\Nis in one way incomplete.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:07.13,0:33:10.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can see the world\Nfrom another perspective,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:10.40,0:33:13.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not seeking to use it or explain it,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:13.81,0:33:16.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but simply contemplating its appearance
Dialogue: 0,0:33:16.89,0:33:20.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as we might contemplate\Na landscape or a flower.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:20.05,0:33:24.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(light instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:33:24.33,0:33:27.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The idea that the world is\Nintrinsically meaningful,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:27.01,0:33:31.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,full of an enchantment, that\Nit needs no religious doctrine
Dialogue: 0,0:33:31.09,0:33:35.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to perceive answered to\Na deep emotional need.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:35.03,0:33:37.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Beauty was not planted\Nin the world by God,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:37.60,0:33:39.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but discovered there by people.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:39.97,0:33:43.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:33:56.26,0:34:00.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Shaftesbury's idea\Nencouraged the cult of beauty
Dialogue: 0,0:34:00.25,0:34:03.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which raised the appreciation\Nof art and nature
Dialogue: 0,0:34:03.02,0:34:07.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the place once occupied\Nby the worship of God.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:07.88,0:34:10.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Beauty was to fill the God shaped hole
Dialogue: 0,0:34:10.34,0:34:11.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,made by science.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:11.64,0:34:15.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:34:16.18,0:34:18.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Artists were no longer illustrators
Dialogue: 0,0:34:18.66,0:34:22.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the sacred stories who worked\Nas servants of the church.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:22.74,0:34:25.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were discovering the\Nstories for themselves
Dialogue: 0,0:34:25.67,0:34:28.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by interpreting the secrets of nature.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:28.88,0:34:31.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Landscapes which used\Nto be mere backgrounds
Dialogue: 0,0:34:31.26,0:34:34.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to holy images became foregrounds
Dialogue: 0,0:34:34.56,0:34:38.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the human figure\Noften lost in their folds.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:38.35,0:34:41.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:34:43.37,0:34:45.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But for Shaftesbury, it\Ndoes not need a work of art
Dialogue: 0,0:34:45.95,0:34:48.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to present us with the\Nbeauty of the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:48.99,0:34:51.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We simply need to look on things
Dialogue: 0,0:34:51.07,0:34:53.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with clear eyes and free emotions.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:58.65,0:35:01.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Shaftesbury is telling\Nus to stop using things,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:01.73,0:35:03.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stop explaining them and exploiting them,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:03.99,0:35:06.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but look at them instead.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:06.77,0:35:09.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then we will understand what they mean.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:09.57,0:35:12.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The message of the flower is the flower.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:12.67,0:35:16.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(light instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:35:23.100,0:35:27.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Zen Buddhists have said similar things.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:27.28,0:35:30.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Only by leaving all our interests\Nand business to one side
Dialogue: 0,0:35:30.88,0:35:34.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do we encounter the real\Ntruth of the flower.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:34.74,0:35:38.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Seeing things that way,\Nwe discover their beauty.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:38.54,0:35:42.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:35:45.68,0:35:47.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The greatest philosopher\Nof the Enlightenment,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:47.98,0:35:51.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Immanuel Kant, was profoundly influenced
Dialogue: 0,0:35:51.08,0:35:52.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by Shaftesbury's idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:54.28,0:35:57.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kant argued that the experience of beauty
Dialogue: 0,0:35:57.46,0:36:00.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comes when we put our\Ninterests to one side,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:00.70,0:36:03.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we look on things\Nnot in order to use them
Dialogue: 0,0:36:03.46,0:36:06.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for our purposes or to\Nexplain how they work
Dialogue: 0,0:36:06.62,0:36:09.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or to satisfy some need or appetite,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:09.60,0:36:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but simply to absorb them\Nand to endorse what they are.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:13.98,0:36:17.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:36:22.36,0:36:24.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Consider the joy you might feel
Dialogue: 0,0:36:24.36,0:36:27.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you hold a friend's\Nbaby in your arms.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:27.98,0:36:30.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You don't want to do\Nanything with the baby.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:30.38,0:36:32.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You don't want to eat\Nit, to put it to any use,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:32.95,0:36:36.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or to conduct scientific\Nexperiments on it.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:36.84,0:36:38.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You want simply to look at it
Dialogue: 0,0:36:38.92,0:36:42.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to feel the great\Nsurge of delight that comes
Dialogue: 0,0:36:42.24,0:36:44.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you focus all your\Nthoughts on this baby
Dialogue: 0,0:36:44.94,0:36:47.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and none at all on yourself.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:47.16,0:36:50.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:36:52.10,0:36:53.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is what Kant described
Dialogue: 0,0:36:53.74,0:36:56.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a disinterested attitude,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:56.52,0:36:58.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it is the attitude that underlies
Dialogue: 0,0:36:58.30,0:37:00.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our experience of beauty.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:03.100,0:37:06.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To explain this is extremely difficult
Dialogue: 0,0:37:06.10,0:37:07.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because if you haven't experienced it,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:07.66,0:37:10.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you don't really know what it is,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:10.04,0:37:14.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but everybody listening to\Na beautiful piece of music,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:14.04,0:37:17.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,looking at a sublime landscape,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:17.04,0:37:19.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reading a poem which seems to contain
Dialogue: 0,0:37:19.68,0:37:22.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the essence of the thing it describes,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:22.02,0:37:24.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everybody in an experience like that
Dialogue: 0,0:37:24.36,0:37:26.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,says yes, this is enough.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:27.92,0:37:30.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft piano music)
Dialogue: 0,0:37:33.84,0:37:37.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But why is this experience so important?
Dialogue: 0,0:37:37.62,0:37:40.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The encounter with beauty is so vivid,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:40.18,0:37:43.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so immediate, so personal that it seems
Dialogue: 0,0:37:43.29,0:37:47.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hardly to belong to the ordinary world,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:47.04,0:37:50.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yet beauty shines on us\Nfrom ordinary things.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:50.52,0:37:52.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it a feature of the world
Dialogue: 0,0:37:52.52,0:37:55.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a figment of the imagination?
Dialogue: 0,0:37:58.82,0:38:01.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most of the time, our lives are organized
Dialogue: 0,0:38:01.52,0:38:05.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by our everyday concerns,\Nbut every now and then,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:05.85,0:38:09.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we find ourself jolted\Nout of our complacency
Dialogue: 0,0:38:09.22,0:38:12.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the presence of something\Nvastly more important
Dialogue: 0,0:38:12.73,0:38:16.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than our immediate desires and interests,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:16.04,0:38:18.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something not of this world.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:19.82,0:38:23.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From Plato to Kant,\Nphilosophers have tried
Dialogue: 0,0:38:23.14,0:38:27.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to capture the peculiar way\Nin which beauty dawns on us.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:29.00,0:38:30.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like a sudden ray of sunlight
Dialogue: 0,0:38:30.79,0:38:32.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a surge of love.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:34.25,0:38:37.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For Plato, the only explanation\Nof such an experience
Dialogue: 0,0:38:37.32,0:38:40.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was its transcendental origin.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:40.12,0:38:43.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It speaks to us like the voice of God.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:47.31,0:38:50.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Kant too in a much more sober way
Dialogue: 0,0:38:50.15,0:38:52.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,believed that the experience of beauty
Dialogue: 0,0:38:52.38,0:38:56.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,connects us with the\Nultimate mystery of being.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:58.34,0:39:00.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Through beauty, we are\Nbrought into the presence
Dialogue: 0,0:39:00.76,0:39:01.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the sacred.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:08.06,0:39:10.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can understand what\Nsuch philosophers mean
Dialogue: 0,0:39:10.58,0:39:14.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we reflect on what we feel\Nin the presence of death,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:14.67,0:39:18.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially the death of someone loved.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:18.53,0:39:20.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We look with awe on the human body
Dialogue: 0,0:39:20.88,0:39:23.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from which their life has fled.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:23.21,0:39:26.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are reluctant to touch the dead body.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:26.21,0:39:29.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We see it as not properly\Na part of our world,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:29.53,0:39:32.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,almost a visitor from some other sphere.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:39.56,0:39:41.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the same sense of the transcendental
Dialogue: 0,0:39:41.60,0:39:45.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,arises in the experience\Nthat inspired Plato,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:45.95,0:39:48.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the experience of falling in love.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:48.35,0:39:52.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,("Les Contes d'Hoffmann" by Offenbach)
Dialogue: 0,0:39:54.91,0:39:56.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This too is a human universal,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:56.96,0:40:01.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it is an experience\Nof the strangest kind,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:01.14,0:40:03.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the face and body of the beloved
Dialogue: 0,0:40:03.38,0:40:06.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are imbued with the intensest life,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:06.19,0:40:08.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in one crucial respect,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:08.45,0:40:11.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are like the body of someone dead.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:12.96,0:40:17.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They seem not to belong\Nin the everyday world.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:17.28,0:40:19.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Poets have expended thousands of words
Dialogue: 0,0:40:19.46,0:40:21.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on this experience which no words
Dialogue: 0,0:40:21.82,0:40:23.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,seem entirely to capture.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:27.68,0:40:30.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But these great changes\Nin the stream of life,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:30.68,0:40:33.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the urge to unite with another person,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:33.06,0:40:34.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the loss of someone loved,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:34.90,0:40:38.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are moments that we understand as sacred.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:38.88,0:40:42.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(discordant instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:40:52.66,0:40:55.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we look at the history\Nof the idea of beauty,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:55.21,0:40:57.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we see that philosophers and artists
Dialogue: 0,0:40:57.21,0:41:01.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have had good reason to connect\Nthe beautiful and the sacred
Dialogue: 0,0:41:01.15,0:41:03.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to see our need for beauty
Dialogue: 0,0:41:03.03,0:41:05.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as something deep in our nature,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:05.51,0:41:07.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,part of our longing for consolation
Dialogue: 0,0:41:07.77,0:41:11.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a world of danger,\Nsorrow, and distress.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:11.15,0:41:15.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(discordant instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:41:20.10,0:41:24.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today, many artists look on the\Nidea of beauty with disdain,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:24.09,0:41:26.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a leftover from a vanished way of living
Dialogue: 0,0:41:26.82,0:41:28.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which has no real\Nconnection with the world
Dialogue: 0,0:41:28.80,0:41:30.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which now surrounds us.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:30.87,0:41:34.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(discordant instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:41:34.36,0:41:36.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there has been a desire to desecrate
Dialogue: 0,0:41:36.72,0:41:39.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the experiences of sex and death
Dialogue: 0,0:41:39.38,0:41:42.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by displaying them in\Ntrivial and impersonal ways
Dialogue: 0,0:41:42.76,0:41:46.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that destroy all sense of\Ntheir spiritual significance.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:46.41,0:41:50.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(discordant instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:41:56.90,0:41:58.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just as those who lose their religion
Dialogue: 0,0:41:58.80,0:42:01.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have an urge to mock the\Nfaith that they have lost,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:01.67,0:42:04.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so do artists today feel an urge
Dialogue: 0,0:42:04.42,0:42:07.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to treat human life in demeaning ways
Dialogue: 0,0:42:07.64,0:42:10.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to mock the pursuit of beauty.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:14.46,0:42:18.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This willful desecration\Nis also a denial of love,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:18.41,0:42:20.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an attempt to remake the world
Dialogue: 0,0:42:20.70,0:42:23.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as though love were no\Nlonger a part of it,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:23.36,0:42:27.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this, it seems to me, is\Nthe most important feature
Dialogue: 0,0:42:27.36,0:42:29.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of our post-modern culture,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:29.38,0:42:31.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that it is a loveless culture
Dialogue: 0,0:42:31.12,0:42:36.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,determined to portray the\Nhuman world as unlovable.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:36.10,0:42:39.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:42:42.50,0:42:43.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course this habit of dwelling
Dialogue: 0,0:42:43.72,0:42:47.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the distressing side\Nof human life isn't new.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:47.48,0:42:49.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From the beginning of our civilization,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:49.72,0:42:52.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it has been one of the tasks of art
Dialogue: 0,0:42:52.07,0:42:55.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to take what is most painful\Nin the human condition
Dialogue: 0,0:42:55.40,0:42:58.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to redeem it in a work of beauty.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:58.42,0:43:01.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(man screaming)
Dialogue: 0,0:43:03.31,0:43:05.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Oh you are men of stones.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:06.76,0:43:09.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Had I your tongues and eyes,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:09.93,0:43:14.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd use them so that\Nheaven's vault should crack.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:19.28,0:43:21.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's gone forever.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:21.61,0:43:24.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(lively piano music)
Dialogue: 0,0:43:41.16,0:43:43.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Art has the ability to redeem life
Dialogue: 0,0:43:43.59,0:43:47.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by finding beauty even in\Nthe worst aspect of things.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:50.62,0:43:53.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mantegna's crucifixion,\Ndisplaying the cruelest
Dialogue: 0,0:43:53.37,0:43:55.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and most ugly of deaths,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:55.34,0:43:58.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,achieves a kind of majesty and serenity.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:58.68,0:44:02.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It redeems the horror that it shows.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:02.12,0:44:04.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the face of death,\Nhuman beings can still show
Dialogue: 0,0:44:04.68,0:44:07.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nobility, compassion, and dignity,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:08.81,0:44:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and art helps us to accept death
Dialogue: 0,0:44:10.98,0:44:13.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by presenting it in such a light.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:13.48,0:44:16.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(quick piano music)
Dialogue: 0,0:44:20.12,0:44:21.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What about things which are not tragic
Dialogue: 0,0:44:21.93,0:44:24.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but merely sordid or depraved?
Dialogue: 0,0:44:24.52,0:44:27.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can art find beauty even here?
Dialogue: 0,0:44:27.23,0:44:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(frantic instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:44:37.81,0:44:39.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This painting by Delacroix
Dialogue: 0,0:44:39.35,0:44:44.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shows us the artist's bed\Nin all its sordid disorder.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:44.25,0:44:47.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He too is bringing beauty\Nto a thing that lacks it
Dialogue: 0,0:44:47.89,0:44:49.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and bestowing a kind of blessing
Dialogue: 0,0:44:49.67,0:44:51.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on his own emotional chaos.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:55.27,0:44:58.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Delacroix says, see how\Nthese sweat stained sheets
Dialogue: 0,0:44:58.61,0:45:00.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,record the troubled dreams,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:00.63,0:45:03.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the tormented energy of the\Nperson who has left them,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:03.99,0:45:05.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how the light picks them out
Dialogue: 0,0:45:05.47,0:45:09.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as though they are still\Nanimated by the sleeper.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:09.79,0:45:12.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The bed is transformed by the creative act
Dialogue: 0,0:45:12.65,0:45:14.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to become something else,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:14.23,0:45:16.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a vivid symbol of the human condition,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:16.69,0:45:20.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and one which makes a bond\Nbetween us and the artist.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:20.55,0:45:23.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(lively cello music)
Dialogue: 0,0:45:28.27,0:45:32.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some people describe Tracey\NEmin's bed in that way,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:32.69,0:45:34.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there is all the\Ndifference in the world
Dialogue: 0,0:45:34.44,0:45:36.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between a real work of art
Dialogue: 0,0:45:36.06,0:45:38.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which makes ugliness beautiful
Dialogue: 0,0:45:38.28,0:45:40.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the fake work of art
Dialogue: 0,0:45:40.12,0:45:43.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which shares the ugliness that it shows.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:46.55,0:45:48.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is modern life presented
Dialogue: 0,0:45:48.52,0:45:51.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in all its randomness and disorder.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:55.10,0:45:58.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [David] What is it that makes that art
Dialogue: 0,0:45:58.90,0:46:00.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than just a rumpled bed?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:00.86,0:46:02.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Well, the first thing that makes it art
Dialogue: 0,0:46:02.56,0:46:03.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is because I say that it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:03.82,0:46:04.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [David] You say that it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:04.68,0:46:05.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I say that it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:05.51,0:46:07.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [David] The second thing\Nis the Tate says it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:07.18,0:46:09.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what do you want the viewer,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:09.89,0:46:12.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the visitor to the gallery to say?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:12.20,0:46:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You presumably don't want him to say
Dialogue: 0,0:46:13.98,0:46:15.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think that's beautiful.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:15.80,0:46:17.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- No, no one's actually\Nsaid that, only me.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:17.97,0:46:19.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- You think it's beautiful?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:19.32,0:46:21.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Yeah I do.\N- You do think it's beautiful.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:21.11,0:46:22.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I think it beautiful yeah.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:22.12,0:46:25.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Otherwise, I wouldn't be sharing it.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:25.39,0:46:27.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- How can this be a beautiful work of art
Dialogue: 0,0:46:27.69,0:46:29.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if it makes no attempt to transform
Dialogue: 0,0:46:29.51,0:46:32.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the raw material of an idea?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:32.57,0:46:35.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is just one sordid\Nreality among others,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:35.83,0:46:37.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,literally an unmade bed.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:37.73,0:46:42.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(light instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:46:42.07,0:46:43.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are back with the question
Dialogue: 0,0:46:43.29,0:46:45.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,raised by Duchamp's urinal
Dialogue: 0,0:46:45.15,0:46:47.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether anything can be art.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:49.09,0:46:51.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This question occupies both\Nthe would-be innovators
Dialogue: 0,0:46:51.95,0:46:55.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the traditionalists\Nlike Alexander Stoddart,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:55.59,0:46:59.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a monumental sculptor whose\Nworks stand in public places
Dialogue: 0,0:46:59.51,0:47:02.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around the world as well\Nas in the Queen's gallery
Dialogue: 0,0:47:02.07,0:47:04.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at Buckingham Palace.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:04.63,0:47:06.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A defender of conceptual art
Dialogue: 0,0:47:06.75,0:47:09.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,might say that an idea can be beautiful,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:09.85,0:47:14.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that there's nothing wrong\Nwith conceptual art as such.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:14.73,0:47:18.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Yes, but this is in\Neverybody's field of endeavor.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:20.50,0:47:23.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The lawyer can come up\Nwith a beautiful idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:23.13,0:47:26.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, the statesman, the medic.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:28.15,0:47:30.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's cure cancer, a beautiful idea,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:30.73,0:47:33.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but he doesn't say he's an\Nartist in the back of that.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:33.37,0:47:37.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Conceptual art, of course,\Nis entirely world bound.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:37.11,0:47:39.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is in fact a kind\Nof art that's exhausted
Dialogue: 0,0:47:39.83,0:47:41.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in its veritable description,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:41.95,0:47:43.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you need to just say,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:43.93,0:47:46.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,half a cow in a tank of formaldehyde,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:46.29,0:47:49.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you're really all the way there.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:49.31,0:47:51.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The object itself then can be dumped.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:51.81,0:47:55.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tracey Emin's bed is a\Nperfect example of that.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:55.07,0:47:58.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you walked past a skip in some scheme
Dialogue: 0,0:47:59.71,0:48:01.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you saw that bed lying there,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:01.99,0:48:04.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you would walk on, but of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:04.61,0:48:06.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you saw even just the torso
Dialogue: 0,0:48:06.52,0:48:09.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the Apollo Belvedere\Nlying in that skip,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:09.52,0:48:10.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you would be arrested by it,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:10.92,0:48:15.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you may even climb in\Nand try to retrieve it.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:15.22,0:48:18.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many students come to me\Nfrom sculpture departments,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:18.32,0:48:20.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,secretly of course, because they don't
Dialogue: 0,0:48:20.56,0:48:22.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,want to tell their\Ntutors that they've come
Dialogue: 0,0:48:22.89,0:48:24.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to chat with the enemy,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:24.76,0:48:28.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they say I try to\Nbecome a model figure,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:28.39,0:48:30.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I modeled it in clay,\Nand then a tutor came up
Dialogue: 0,0:48:30.87,0:48:33.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and told me to cut it in half
Dialogue: 0,0:48:33.27,0:48:36.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and dump some diarrhea on top of it,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:36.04,0:48:38.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that will make it interesting.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:38.74,0:48:41.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- It's what I feel about the kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:48:42.66,0:48:46.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,standardized desecration that\Npasses for art these days
Dialogue: 0,0:48:46.01,0:48:47.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is actually a kind of immorality
Dialogue: 0,0:48:47.99,0:48:50.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it is an attempt to obliterate
Dialogue: 0,0:48:50.55,0:48:53.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meaning from the human form in some way.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:53.45,0:48:56.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Well it's intent to\Nobliterate knowledge.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:56.71,0:49:00.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(light instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:49:03.27,0:49:05.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The art establishment has turned away
Dialogue: 0,0:49:05.15,0:49:07.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the old curriculum
Dialogue: 0,0:49:07.05,0:49:10.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which put beauty and craft\Nat the top of the agenda.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:10.99,0:49:14.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those like Alexander\NStoddart who try to restore
Dialogue: 0,0:49:14.14,0:49:17.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the age old connection\Nbetween the beautiful
Dialogue: 0,0:49:17.15,0:49:20.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the sacred are seen as\Nold fashioned and absurd.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:20.95,0:49:24.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(light instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:49:33.14,0:49:35.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The same kind of criticism\Nis aimed at traditionalists
Dialogue: 0,0:49:35.54,0:49:36.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in architecture.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:39.21,0:49:41.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One target is Leon Krier,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:41.05,0:49:43.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,architect of the Prince\Nof Wales' model town
Dialogue: 0,0:49:43.63,0:49:45.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Poundbury.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:45.41,0:49:49.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(light instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:49:49.61,0:49:53.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Designing modest streets,\Nlaid out in traditional ways,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:53.59,0:49:56.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,using the well tried\Nand much loved details
Dialogue: 0,0:49:56.55,0:49:59.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that have served us down the centuries,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:59.03,0:50:03.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Leon Krier as created\Na genuine settlement.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:03.13,0:50:06.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The proportions are human proportions.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:07.54,0:50:10.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The details are restful to the eye.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:10.53,0:50:14.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(light instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:50:15.38,0:50:17.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not great or original architecture
Dialogue: 0,0:50:17.99,0:50:20.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nor does it try to be.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:20.23,0:50:23.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is a modest attempt to get things right
Dialogue: 0,0:50:23.17,0:50:25.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by following patterns and examples
Dialogue: 0,0:50:25.37,0:50:27.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,laid down by tradition.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:27.93,0:50:31.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not nostalgia,\Nbut knowledge passed on
Dialogue: 0,0:50:31.59,0:50:32.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from age to age.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:37.63,0:50:40.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Architecture that doesn't respect the past
Dialogue: 0,0:50:40.07,0:50:41.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is not respecting the present
Dialogue: 0,0:50:41.99,0:50:45.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it is not respecting\Npeople's primary need
Dialogue: 0,0:50:45.03,0:50:46.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from architecture, which is to build
Dialogue: 0,0:50:46.59,0:50:48.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a longstanding home.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:49.37,0:50:53.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(lively instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:50:58.69,0:51:00.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have shown some of the ways
Dialogue: 0,0:51:00.13,0:51:02.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which artists and architects
Dialogue: 0,0:51:02.15,0:51:05.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have followed the call of beauty.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:05.69,0:51:09.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In doing so, they have\Ngiven our world meaning.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:09.49,0:51:12.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(lively instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:51:12.51,0:51:15.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The masters of the past recognized
Dialogue: 0,0:51:15.01,0:51:16.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we have spiritual needs
Dialogue: 0,0:51:16.85,0:51:19.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as well as animal appetites.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:21.42,0:51:24.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For Plato, beauty was a path to God
Dialogue: 0,0:51:24.84,0:51:26.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while thinkers of the Enlightenment
Dialogue: 0,0:51:26.52,0:51:30.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,saw art and beauty as ways\Nin which we save ourselves
Dialogue: 0,0:51:30.38,0:51:32.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from meaningless routines
Dialogue: 0,0:51:32.23,0:51:34.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and rise to a higher level.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:37.62,0:51:40.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But art turned its back on beauty.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:40.62,0:51:43.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It became a slave to the consumer culture
Dialogue: 0,0:51:43.45,0:51:46.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,feeding our pleasures and addictions
Dialogue: 0,0:51:46.26,0:51:48.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and wallowing in self-disgust.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:48.44,0:51:52.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(lively instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:51:52.30,0:51:54.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That, it seems to me, is the lesson
Dialogue: 0,0:51:54.06,0:51:58.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the ugliest forms of\Nmodern art and architecture.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:58.62,0:52:02.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They do not show reality,\Nbut take revenge on it,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:02.28,0:52:04.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spoiling what might have been a home
Dialogue: 0,0:52:04.60,0:52:08.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and leaving us to wander\Nunconsoled and alienated
Dialogue: 0,0:52:08.47,0:52:10.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a spiritual desert.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:13.99,0:52:16.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course it is true that there\Nis much in the world today
Dialogue: 0,0:52:16.87,0:52:19.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that distracts and troubles us.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:19.88,0:52:22.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our lives are full of leftovers.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:22.63,0:52:25.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We battle through lies and distraction,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:25.82,0:52:27.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and nothing resolves.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:27.43,0:52:31.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(lively instrumental music)
Dialogue: 0,0:52:31.56,0:52:33.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The right response, however,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:33.07,0:52:36.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is not to endorse this alienation.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:36.12,0:52:39.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is to look for the\Npath back from the desert,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:39.72,0:52:41.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one that will point us to a place
Dialogue: 0,0:52:41.85,0:52:46.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where the real and the ideal\Nmay still exist in harmony.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:48.06,0:52:51.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,("Stabat Mater" by Pergolesi)
Dialogue: 0,0:52:57.93,0:53:00.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In my own life, I have found this path
Dialogue: 0,0:53:00.17,0:53:02.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more easily through music
Dialogue: 0,0:53:02.61,0:53:05.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than through any other art form.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:08.32,0:53:12.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pergolesi was 26 when he\Nwrote the Stabat Mater.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:12.79,0:53:15.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It describes the grief of the holy virgin
Dialogue: 0,0:53:15.25,0:53:19.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,beside the cross of the dying Christ.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:19.01,0:53:20.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All the suffering of the world
Dialogue: 0,0:53:20.47,0:53:23.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is symbolized in its exquisite lines.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:23.13,0:53:26.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,("Stabat Mater" by Pergolesi)
Dialogue: 0,0:53:31.61,0:53:34.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Given that Pergolesi was\Nsuffering from tuberculosis
Dialogue: 0,0:53:34.07,0:53:36.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he wrote the Stabat Mater,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:36.47,0:53:40.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he is that son dying on the cross too.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:40.47,0:53:42.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, he died within a few months
Dialogue: 0,0:53:42.17,0:53:44.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the work's completion.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:45.75,0:53:49.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not a complex or\Nambitious piece of music,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:49.05,0:53:51.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,simply a heartfelt expression
Dialogue: 0,0:53:51.01,0:53:53.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the composer's faith.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:53.61,0:53:56.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It shows the way in which\Ndeep and troubling emotions
Dialogue: 0,0:53:56.93,0:54:00.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can achieve unity and\Nfreedom through music.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:02.37,0:54:05.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The voice of Mary is\Nwritten for two singers.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:05.73,0:54:08.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The melody rises slowly, painfully,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:08.61,0:54:11.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,resolving dissonance only to be gripped
Dialogue: 0,0:54:11.33,0:54:14.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by another dissonance as the voices clash,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:14.33,0:54:18.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,representing the conflict\Nand sorrow within her.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:21.87,0:54:25.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Catherine] Why don't\NI just give you, bar 18?
Dialogue: 0,0:54:25.43,0:54:27.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Roger] Okay, good idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:27.45,0:54:31.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,("Stabat Mater" by Pergolesi)
Dialogue: 0,0:54:57.71,0:55:00.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Here we have a very\Nsimple and sacred text.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:00.89,0:55:05.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The mother stands grieving\Nand weeping at the cross
Dialogue: 0,0:55:06.47,0:55:08.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on which her son is hanging.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:08.77,0:55:10.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's really all that you have to say.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:10.83,0:55:12.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- And a completely unmusical person
Dialogue: 0,0:55:12.23,0:55:14.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be immediately get the message
Dialogue: 0,0:55:14.17,0:55:16.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that it's a piece of\Ngrieving, wouldn't they?
Dialogue: 0,0:55:16.97,0:55:19.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There can be no possible doubt about that.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:19.53,0:55:21.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The music takes over the words
Dialogue: 0,0:55:21.37,0:55:23.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and makes them speak to you
Dialogue: 0,0:55:23.56,0:55:27.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in another language in your own heart.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:27.15,0:55:29.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Well it means that today,\Nin our secular world,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:29.52,0:55:31.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that it can delight and move
Dialogue: 0,0:55:31.51,0:55:33.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without people having to know.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:33.45,0:55:34.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Roger] Yes, exactly.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:34.46,0:55:35.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- What it's about.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:35.47,0:55:38.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- We learn without the\Ntheological apparatus
Dialogue: 0,0:55:38.35,0:55:41.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that there is this thing called suffering,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:41.33,0:55:43.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that it's at the destiny of all of us,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:43.49,0:55:46.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also is not the end of all of us.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:46.43,0:55:50.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,("Stabat Mater" by Pergolesi)
Dialogue: 0,0:57:12.17,0:57:14.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In this film, I have described beauty
Dialogue: 0,0:57:14.22,0:57:16.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as an essential resource.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:17.56,0:57:19.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Through the pursuit of beauty,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:19.13,0:57:20.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we shape the world as a home,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:20.94,0:57:24.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in doing so, we both amplify our joys
Dialogue: 0,0:57:24.52,0:57:27.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and find consolation for our sorrows.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:27.57,0:57:30.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,("Stabat Mater" by Pergolesi)
Dialogue: 0,0:57:30.70,0:57:33.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Art and music shine a light of meaning
Dialogue: 0,0:57:33.57,0:57:36.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on ordinary life, and through them,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:36.06,0:57:39.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are able to confront\Nthe things that trouble us
Dialogue: 0,0:57:39.57,0:57:43.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to find consolation and\Npeace in their presence.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:46.54,0:57:49.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This capacity of beauty\Ntoo redeem our suffering
Dialogue: 0,0:57:49.45,0:57:52.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is one reason why beauty can be seen
Dialogue: 0,0:57:52.11,0:57:54.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a substitute for religion.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:54.54,0:57:58.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,("Stabat Mater" by Pergolesi)
Dialogue: 0,0:57:58.70,0:58:01.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why give priority to religion?
Dialogue: 0,0:58:01.50,0:58:04.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why not say that religion\Nis a beauty substitute?
Dialogue: 0,0:58:04.57,0:58:08.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Better still, why describe\Nthe two as rivals?
Dialogue: 0,0:58:08.06,0:58:11.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The sacred and the beautiful\Nstand side by side,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:11.64,0:58:15.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two doors that open onto a single space,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:15.32,0:58:18.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in that space, we find our home.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:18.33,0:58:22.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,("Stabat Mater" by Pergolesi)
Dialogue: 0,0:58:39.80,0:58:41.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Broadcaster] And our\NModern Beauty season
Dialogue: 0,0:58:41.24,0:58:43.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,continues on Monday night with large scale
Dialogue: 0,0:58:43.26,0:58:45.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pieces of public art\Nchallenging the six finalists
Dialogue: 0,0:58:45.72,0:58:48.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the School of Saatchi at nine.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:48.62,0:58:50.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Next tonight on BBC Two, this week's
Dialogue: 0,0:58:50.46,0:58:51.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Have I Got News For You
Dialogue: 0,0:58:51.66,0:58:53.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,complete with extra bits.