[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.00,0:00:00.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Cory Doctorow) Thank you very much
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.07,0:00:05.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'd like to start with something of a\Nbenediction or permission.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.42,0:00:07.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I am one of nature's fast talkers
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.74,0:00:10.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and many of you are not \Nnative English speakers, or
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.62,0:00:12.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe not accustomed \Nto my harsh Canadian accent
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.92,0:00:15.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in addition I've just come in \Nfrom Australia
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.92,0:00:19.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so like many of you I am horribly\Njetlagged and have drunk enough coffee
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.17,0:00:20.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this morning to kill a rhino.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.11,0:00:23.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I used to be at the United Nations
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.59,0:00:27.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was known as the scourge of the\Nsimultaneous translation core
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.16,0:00:29.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would stand up and speak \Nas slowly as I could
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.58,0:00:32.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and turn around, and there they\Nwould be in their boots doing this
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.23,0:00:35.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(laughter)\NWhen I start to speak too fast,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.14,0:00:37.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is the universal symbol --\Nmy wife invented it --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.56,0:00:41.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for "Cory, you are talking too fast".\NPlease, don't be shy.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.08,0:00:45.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I'm a parent , like many of you \Nand I'm like I'm sure all of you
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.79,0:00:48.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who are parents, parenting takes my ass \Nall the time.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.03,0:00:54.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there are many regrets I have\Nabout the mere seven and half years
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.82,0:00:57.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I've been a parent \Nbut none ares so keenly felt
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.78,0:01:00.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as my regrets over what's happened \Nwhen I've been wandering
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.88,0:01:04.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around the house and seen my\Ndaughter working on something
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.77,0:01:08.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was beyond her abilities, that was \Nright at the edge of what she could do
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.70,0:01:12.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and where she was doing something \Nthat she didn't have competence in yet
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.76,0:01:17.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you know it's that amazing thing \Nto see that frowning concentration,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.02,0:01:20.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tongue stuck out: as a parent, your\Nheart swells with pride
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.04,0:01:21.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you can't help but go over
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.33,0:01:23.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and sort of peer over their shoulder\Nwhat they are doing
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.68,0:01:27.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and those of you who are parents know \Nwhat happens when you look too closely
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.58,0:01:30.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at someone who is working \Nbeyond the age of their competence.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.56,0:01:32.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They go back to doing something\Nthey're already good at.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.97,0:01:35.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You interrupt a moment \Nof genuine learning
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.30,0:01:38.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you replace it with \Na kind of embarrassment
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.86,0:01:42.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about what you're good at \Nand what you're not.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.98,0:01:48.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, it matters a lot that our schools are\Nincreasingly surveilled environments,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.05,0:01:52.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,environments in which everything that \Nour kids do is watched and recorded.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.79,0:01:56.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because when you do that, you interfere\Nwith those moments of real learning.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.78,0:02:00.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our ability to do things that we are not \Ngood at yet, that we are not proud of yet,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.66,0:02:03.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is negatively impacted \Nby that kind of scrutiny.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.92,0:02:06.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that scrutiny comes \Nfrom a strange place.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.73,0:02:10.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have decided that there are \Nsome programmatic means
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.57,0:02:13.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by which we can find all the web page\Nchildren shouldn't look at
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.14,0:02:18.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we will filter our networks\Nto be sure that they don't see them.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.72,0:02:21.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anyone who has ever paid attention\Nknows that this doesn't work.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.35,0:02:25.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are more web pages \Nthat kids shouldn't look at
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.52,0:02:29.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than can ever be cataloged, \Nand any attempt to catalog them
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.04,0:02:32.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will always catch pages that kids\Nmust be looking at.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.03,0:02:34.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Any of you who have ever taught \Na unit on reproductive health
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.12,0:02:37.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,know the frustration of trying \Nto get round a school network.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.60,0:02:42.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, this is done in the name of\Ndigital protection
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.64,0:02:46.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it flies in the face of digital\Nliteracy and of real learning.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.61,0:02:50.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because the only way to stop kids \Nfrom looking at web pages
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.33,0:02:51.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they shouldn't be looking at
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.61,0:02:55.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to take all of the clicks that they \Nmake, all of the messages that they send,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.77,0:02:59.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all of their online activity \Nand offshore it to a firm
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.74,0:03:04.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that has some nonsensically arrived at\Nlist of the bad pages.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.37,0:03:07.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, what we are doing is that we're \Nexfiltrating all of our students' data
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.28,0:03:10.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to unknown third parties.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.26,0:03:12.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, most of these firms, \Ntheir primary business isn't
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.53,0:03:14.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,serving the education sector.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.24,0:03:16.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most of them service \Nthe government sectors.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.54,0:03:21.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They primarily service governments in\Nrepressive autocratic regimes.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.33,0:03:23.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They help them ensure that \Ntheir citizens aren't looking at
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.60,0:03:25.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Amnesty International web pages.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.64,0:03:29.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They repackage those tools \Nand sell them to our educators.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.84,0:03:32.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we are offshoring our children's clicks\Nto war criminals.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.79,0:03:37.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what our kids do, now,\Nis they just get around it,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.20,0:03:38.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's not hard to get around it.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.77,0:03:43.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, never underestimate the power\Nof a kid who is time-rich and cash-poor
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.94,0:03:46.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get around our \Ntechnological blockades.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.51,0:03:51.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when they do this, they don't acquire\Nthe kind of digital literacy
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.01,0:03:54.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we want them to do, they don't \Nacquire real digital agency
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.40,0:03:57.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and moreover, they risk exclusion \Nand in extreme cases,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.78,0:03:59.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they risk criminal prosecution.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.22,0:04:04.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what if instead, those of us who are\Ntrapped in this system of teaching kids
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.08,0:04:07.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we're required to subject them\Nto this kind of surveillance
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.85,0:04:10.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that flies in the face \Nof their real learning,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.17,0:04:13.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what if instead, we invented \Ncurricular units
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.25,0:04:16.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that made them real first class\Ndigital citizens,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.46,0:04:19.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in charge of trying to influence\Nreal digital problems?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.59,0:04:22.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like what if we said to them: \N"We want you to catalog the web pages
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.83,0:04:25.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that this vendor lets through \Nthat you shouldn't be seeing.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.50,0:04:29.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We want you to catalog those pages that \Nyou should be seeing, that are blocked.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.43,0:04:31.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We want you to go and interview \Nevery teacher in the school
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.95,0:04:35.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about all those lesson plans that were\Ncarefully laid out before lunch
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.31,0:04:37.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a video and a web page, \Nand over lunch,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.97,0:04:41.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the unaccountable distance center\Nblocked these critical resources
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.42,0:04:44.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and left them handing out photographed \Nworksheets in the afternoon
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.80,0:04:47.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of the unit they prepared.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.07,0:04:50.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We want you to learn how to do the Freedom\Nof Information Act requests
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.84,0:04:53.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and find out what your \Nschool authority is spending
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.38,0:04:56.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to censor your internet access \Nand surveil your activity.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.37,0:04:59.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We want you to learn to use the internet \Nto research these companies
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.86,0:05:04.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we want you to present this \Nto your parent-teacher association,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.33,0:05:06.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to your school authority,\Nto your local newspaper."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.98,0:05:08.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because that's the kind \Nof digital literacy
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.19,0:05:11.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that makes kids into first-class\Ndigital citizens,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.31,0:05:16.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that prepares them for a future \Nin which they can participate fully
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.08,0:05:18.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a world that's changing.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.02,0:05:22.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kids are the beta-testers \Nof the surveillance state.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.92,0:05:26.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The path of surveillance technology\Nstarts with prisoners,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.16,0:05:30.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,moves to asylum seekers, \Npeople in mental institutions
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.41,0:05:33.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then to its first non-incarcerated \Npopulation: children
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.26,0:05:37.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then moves to blue-collar workers,\Ngovernment workers
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.03,0:05:38.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and white-collar workers.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.49,0:05:41.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, what we do to kids today\Nis what we did to prisoners yesterday
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.58,0:05:44.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what we're going to be doing \Nto you tomorrow.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.08,0:05:46.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so it matters, what we teach our kids.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.05,0:05:51.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you want to see where this goes, this\Nis a kid named Blake Robbins
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.04,0:05:55.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he attended Lower Merion High School \Nin Lower Merion Pennsylvania
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.12,0:05:56.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,outside f Philadelphia.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.09,0:05:59.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's the most affluent public school \Ndistrict in America, so affluent
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.90,0:06:02.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that all the kids were issued Macbooks\Nat the start of the year
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.52,0:06:04.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they had to do their homework on\Ntheir Macbooks,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.66,0:06:07.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and bring them to school every day\Nand bring them home every night.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.78,0:06:11.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the Macbooks had been fitted with\NLaptop Theft Recovery Software,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.47,0:06:15.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is fancy word for a rootkit, that\Nlet the school administration
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.49,0:06:19.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,covertly (check) operate the cameras\Nand microphones on these computers
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.27,0:06:23.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and harvest files off \Nof their hard drives
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.66,0:06:25.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,view all their clicks, and so on.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.28,0:06:30.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now Blake Robbins found out \Nthat the software existed
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.80,0:06:33.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how it was being used \Nbecause he and the head teacher
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.79,0:06:37.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had been knocking heads for years, \Nsince he first got into the school,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.06,0:06:39.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and one day, the head teacher \Nsummoned him to his office
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.86,0:06:41.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and said: "Blake, I've got you now."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.67,0:06:45.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and handed him a print-out of Blake\Nin his bedroom the night before,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.62,0:06:48.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,taking what looked like a pill, \Nand he said: "You're taking drugs."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.98,0:06:53.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Blake Robbins said: "That's a candy,\Nit's a Mike and Ike's candy, I take them
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.99,0:06:55.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I -- I eat them when I'm studying.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.97,0:06:58.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How did you get a picture \Nof me in my bedroom?"
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.66,0:07:02.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This head teacher had taken \Nover 6000 photos of Blake Robbins:
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.64,0:07:06.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,awake and asleep, dressed and undressed,\Nin the presence of his family.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.63,0:07:10.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in the ensuing lawsuit, the school\Nsettled for a large amount of money
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.38,0:07:12.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and promised that \Nthey wouldn't do it again
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.92,0:07:15.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without informing the students \Nthat it was going on.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.11,0:07:18.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And increasingly, the practice is now
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.81,0:07:22.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that school administrations hand out \Nlaptops, because they're getting cheaper,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.50,0:07:24.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with exactly the same kind of software,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.89,0:07:27.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they let the students know and \Nhey find that that works even better
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.96,0:07:29.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at curbing the students' behavior,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.68,0:07:33.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the students know that \Nthey're always on camera.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.77,0:07:38.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, the surveillance state is moving\Nfrom kids to the rest of the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.01,0:07:39.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's metastasizing.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.53,0:07:44.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our devices are increasingly designed\Nto treat us as attackers,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.15,0:07:46.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as suspicious parties \Nwho can't be trusted
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.89,0:07:50.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because our devices' job is to do things\Nthat we don't want them to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.92,0:07:53.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now that's not because the vendors \Nwho make our technology
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.76,0:07:55.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,want to spy on us necessarily,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.84,0:08:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they want to take \Nthe ink-jet printer business model
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.00,0:08:03.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and bring it into every other realm\Nof the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.77,0:08:08.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the ink-jet printer business model\Nis where you sell someone a device
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.72,0:08:11.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then you get a continuing \Nrevenue stream from that device
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.69,0:08:15.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by making sure that competitors can't make \Nconsumables or parts
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.84,0:08:19.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or additional features \Nor plugins for that device,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.08,0:08:22.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without paying rent \Nto the original manufacturer.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.11,0:08:25.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that allows you to maintain \Nmonopoly margins on your devices.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.27,0:08:30.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, in 1998, the American government \Npassed a law called
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.63,0:08:32.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Digital Millennium Copyright Act,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.42,0:08:35.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 2001 the European Union \Nintroduced its own version,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.33,0:08:37.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the European Union Copyright Directive.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.59,0:08:40.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And these two laws, along with laws\Nall around the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.16,0:08:45.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Australia, Canada and elsewhere,\Nthese laws prohibit removing digital laws
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.68,0:08:48.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are used to restrict \Naccess to copyrighted works
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.22,0:08:52.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they were original envisioned as a way\Nof making sure that Europeans didn't
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.13,0:08:54.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bring cheap DVDs in from America,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.64,0:08:58.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or making sure that Australians didn't \Nimport cheap DVDs from China.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.22,0:09:03.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so you have a digital work, a DVD,\Nand it has a lock on it and to unlock it,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.74,0:09:05.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to buy an authorized player
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.36,0:09:07.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the player checks to make sure \Nyou are in region
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.36,0:09:10.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and making your own player \Nthat doesn't make that check
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.34,0:09:12.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is illegal because you'd have \Nto remove the digital lock.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.41,0:09:13.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that was the original intent,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.82,0:09:18.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was to allow high rents to be \Nmaintained on removable media,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.55,0:09:20.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DVDs and other entertainment content.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.73,0:09:24.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it very quickly spread \Ninto new rounds.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.76,0:09:28.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, for example, auto manufacturers \Nnow lock up
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.42,0:09:30.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all of their cars' telemetry\Nwith digital locks.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.86,0:09:33.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you're a mechanic \Nand want to fix a car,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.15,0:09:36.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to get a reader \Nfrom the manufacturer
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.80,0:09:40.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make sure that you can \Nsee the telemetry
Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.24,0:09:42.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then know what parts to order \Nand how to fix it.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.15,0:09:46.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in order to get this reader, \Nyou have to promise the manufacturer
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.38,0:09:50.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you will only buy parts \Nfrom that manufacturer
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.07,0:09:51.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not from third parties.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.37,0:09:53.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the manufacturers can keep \Nthe repair costs high
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.83,0:09:56.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and get a secondary revenue stream\Nout of the cars.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.39,0:10:04.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This year, the Chrysler corporation filed \Ncomments with the US Copyright Office,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.53,0:10:07.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to say that they believed that \Nthis was the right way to do it
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.58,0:10:10.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that it should be a felony, \Npunishable by 5 years in prison
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.28,0:10:12.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a $500'000 fine,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.22,0:10:16.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to change the locks on a car that you own,\Nso that you can choose who fixes it.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.53,0:10:19.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It turned out that when they advertised
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.56,0:10:21.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,-- well, where is my slide here?\NOh, there we go --
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.86,0:10:25.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when they advertised that \Nit wasn't your father's Oldsmobile,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.61,0:10:28.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they weren't speaking metaphorically, \Nthey literally meant
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.53,0:10:30.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that even though your father \Nbought the Oldsmobile,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.49,0:10:32.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it remained their property in perpetuity.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's not just cars, \Nit's every kind of device,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because every kind of device today \Nhas a computer in it.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The John Deer Company, the world's leading seller of heavy equipment
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and agricultural equipment technologies,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they now view their tractors as \Ninformation gathering platforms
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they view the people who use them
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the kind of inconvenient gut flora\Nof their ecosystem.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if you are a farmer \Nand you own a John Deer tractor,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you drive it around your fields, \Nthe torque centers on the wheels
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,conduct a centimeter-accurate soil \Ndensity survey of your agricultural land.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That would be extremely useful to you\Nwhen you're planting your seeds
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that data is not available to you
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unless unless you remove the digital lock \Nfrom your John Deer tractor
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which again, is against the law \Neverywhere in the world.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead, in order to get that data
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to buy a bundle with seeds \Nfrom Monsanto,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who are John Deer's seed partners.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,John Deer then takes this data that they \Naggregate across whole regions
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they use it to gain insight \Ninto regional crop yields
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That they use to play the futures market.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,John Deer's tractors are really just \Na way of gathering information
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the farmers are secondary to it.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just because you own it \Ndoesn't mean it's yours.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's not just the computers \Nthat we put our bodies into
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that have this business model.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's the computers that we put \Ninside of our bodies.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you're someone who is diabetic
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you're fitted with a continuous \Nglucose-measuring insulin pump,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that insulin pump is designed \Nwith a digital log
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that makes sure that your doctor \Ncan only use the manufacturer's software
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to read the data coming off of it
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that software is resold \Non a rolling annual license
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it can't be just bought outright.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the digital locks are also \Nused to make sure
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you only buy the insulin \Nthat vendors approved
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not generic insulin \Nthat might be cheaper.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've literally turned human beings \Ninto ink-jet printers.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, this has really deep implications\Nbeyond the economic implications.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because the rules that prohibit \Nbreaking these digital locks
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also prohibit telling people \Nabout flaws that programmers made
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because if you know about a flaw\Nthat a programmer made,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can use it to break the digital lock.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that means that the errors,\Nthe vulnerabilities,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the mistakes in our devices, they fester \Nin them, they go on and on and on
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and our devices become these longlife \Nreservoirs of digital pathogens.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we've seen how that plays out.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the reasons that Volkswagen \Nwas able to get away
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with their Diesel cheating for so long
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is because no one could independently\Nalter their firmware.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's happening all over the place.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You may have seen -- \Nyou may have seen this summer
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that Chrysler had to recall \N1.4 million jeeps
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it turned out that they could be\Nremotely controlled over the internet
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while driving down a motorway \Nand have their brakes and steering
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,commandeered by anyone, anywhere \Nin the world, over the internet.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We only have one methodology \Nfor determining whether security works
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's to submit it \Nto public scrutiny,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to allow for other people to see \Nwhat assumptions you've made.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anyone can design a security system
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he himself can think \Nof a way of breaking,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but all that means is that you've \Ndesigned a security system
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that works against people \Nwho are stupider than you.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in this regard, security \Nis no different
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from any other kind of knowledge creation.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, before we had \Ncontemporary science and scholarship,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we had something that looked \Na lot like it, called alchemy.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for 500 years, alchemists kept\Nwhat they thought they knew a secret.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that meant that every alchemist\Nwas capable of falling prey
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to that most urgent of human frailties,\Nwhich is our ability to fool ourselves.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, every alchemist discovered \Nfor himself in the hardest way possible
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that drinking mercury was a bad idea.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We call that 500-year period the Dark Ages
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we call the moment at which \Nthey started publishing
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and submitting themselves \Nto adversarial peer review,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is when your friends tell you \Nabout the mistakes that you've made
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and your enemies call you an idiot\Nfor having made them,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we call that moment the Enlightenment.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, this has profound implications.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The restriction of our ability to alter \Nthe security of our devices
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for our own surveillance society,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for our ability to be free people\Nin society.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the height of the GDR, in 1989,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the STASI had one snitch for every \N60 people in East Germany,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to surveil the entire country.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A couple of decades later, we found out \Nthrough Edward Snowden
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the NSA was spying \Non everybody in the world.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the ratio of people who work \Nat the NSA to people they are spying on
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is more like 1 in 10'000.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've achieved a two and a half \Norder of magnitude
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,productivity gain in surveillance.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the way that they got there \Nis in part by the fact that
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we use devices that \Nwe're not allowed to alter,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are designed to treat us as attackers
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that gather an enormous \Namount of information on us.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If the government told you that you're \Nrequired to carry on
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a small electronic rectangle that \Nrecorded all of your social relationships,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all of your movements,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all of your transient thoughts that\Nyou made known or ever looked up,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and would make that \Navailable to the state,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you would have to pay for it,\Nyou would revolt.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the phone companies have \Nmanaged to convince us,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,along with the mobile phone vendors,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we should foot the bill \Nfor our own surveillance.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a bit like during \Nthe Cultural Revolution,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where, after your family members \Nwere executed,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they sent you a bill for the bullet.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, this has big implications, as I said, \Nfor where we go as a society.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because just as our kids have \Na hard time functioning
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the presence of surveillance,\Nand learning,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and advancing their own knowledge,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we as a society have a hard time \Nprogressing
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the presence of surveillance.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In our own living memory, people who are \Ntoday though of as normal and right
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were doing something that \Na generation ago
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would have been illegal \Nand landed them in jail.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, you probably know someone
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who's married to a partner \Nof the same sex.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you live in America, you may know \Nsomeone who takes medical marijuana,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or if you live in the Netherlands.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And not that long ago, people \Nwho undertook these activities
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could have gone to jail for them,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could have faced enormous \Nsocial exclusion for them.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The way that we got from there to here\Nwas by having a private zone,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a place where people weren't surveilled,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which they could advance \Ntheir interest ideas,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do things that were thought of as\Nsocially unacceptable
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and slowly change our social attitudes.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in ........ (check) few things \Nthat in 50 years,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your grandchildren will sit around \Nthe Christmas table, in 2065, and say:
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"How was it, grandma, \Nhow was it, grandpa,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that in 2015, you got it all right,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we haven't had \Nany social changes since then?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then you have to ask yourself \Nhow in a world,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which we are all \Nunder continuous surveillance,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are going to find a way \Nto improve this.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, our kids need ICT literacy,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but ICT literacy isn't just typing skills\Nor learning how to use PowerPoing.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's learning how to think critically
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about how they relate \Nto the means of information,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about whether they are its masters \Nor servants.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our networks are not \Nthe most important issue that we have.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are much more important issues\Nin society and in the world today.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The future of the internet is \Nway less important
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than the future of our climate,\Nthe future of gender equity,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the future of racial equity,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the future of the wage gap \Nand the wealth gap in the world,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but everyone of those fights is going\Nto be fought and won or lost
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the internet:\Nit's our most foundational fight
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So weakened (check) computers\Ncan make us more free
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or they can take away our freedom.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It all comes down to how we regulate them \Nand how we use them.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's our job, as people who are \Ntraining the next generation,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and whose next generation \Nis beta-testing
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the surveillance technology \Nthat will be coming to us,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's our job to teach them to seize \Nthe means of information,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make themselves self-determinant\Nin the way that they use their networks
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to find ways to show them \Nhow to be critical and how to be smart
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how to be, above all, subversive\Nand how to use the technology around them.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you. (18:49)
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Moderator) Cory, thank you very much \Nindeed.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Doctorow) Thank you\N(Moderator) And I've got a bundle
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of points which you've stimulated \Nfrom many in the audience, which sent --
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Doctorow) I'm shocked to hear that \Nthat was at all controversial,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but go on.\N(Moderator) I didn't say "controversial",
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you stimulated thinking, which is great.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But a lot of them resonate around\Nviolation of secrecy and security.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this, for example, \Nfrom Anneke Burgess (check)
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Is there a way for students \Nto protect themselves
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from privacy violations by institutions\Nthey are supposed to trust."
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think this is probably a question\NWilliam Golding (check) as well,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,someone who is a senior figure\Nin a major university, but
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this issue of privacy violations and trust.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Doctorow) Well, I think that computers\Nhave a curious dual nature.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So on the one hand, they do expose us\Nto an enormous amount of scrutiny,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,depending on how they are configured.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But on the other hand, computers \Nhave brought new powers to us
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are literally new \Non the face of the world, right?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have never had a reality in which\Nnormal people could have secrets
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from powerful people.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But with the computer in your pocket,\Nwith that,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can encrypt a message so thoroughly
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that if every hydrogen atom in the \Nuniverse were turned into a computer
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it did nothing until \Nthe heat death of the universe,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but try to guess what your key was,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we would run out of universe \Nbefore we ran out of possible keys.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, computers do give us \Nthe power to have secrets.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The problem is that institutions \Nprohibit the use of technology
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that allow you to take back \Nyour own privacy.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's funny, right? Because we take kids\Nand we say to them:
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Your privacy is like your virginity:
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,once you've lost it, \Nyou'll never get it back.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Watch out what you're \Nputting on Facebook"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,-- and I think they should watch\Nwhat they're putting on Facebook,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm a Facebook vegan, I don't even --\NI don't use it, but we say:
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Watch what you're putting on Facebook,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't send out dirty pictures \Nof yourself on SnapChat."
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All good advice.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we do it while we are taking away \Nall the private information
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they have, all of their privacy\Nand all of their agency.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, if a parent says to a kid:
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"You mustn't smoke \Nbecause you'll get sick"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the parent says it \Nwhile lighting a new cigarette
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,off the one that she's just put down\Nin the ashtray,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the kid knows that what you're doing\Nmatters more than what you're saying.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Moderator) The point is deficit of trust.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It builds in the kind of work that \NDavid has been doing as well,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this deficit of trust and privacy.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there is another point here:
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Is the battle for privacy already lost?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Are we already too comfortable \Nwith giving away our data?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Doctorow) No, I don't think so at all.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, I think that if anything, \Nwe've reached
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,peak indifference to surveillance, right? (21:25)