[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.64,0:00:06.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1952, former Cuban president Batista
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.43,0:00:08.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,led a military coup and seized power
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.16,0:00:10.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when it became clear\Nhe was not going to be re-elected.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.81,0:00:13.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He placed Cuba \Nunder a repressive military dictatorship
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.60,0:00:16.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and began to establish close relations\Nwith the United States.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.74,0:00:18.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This allowed American companies
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.26,0:00:20.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to buy up the majority\Nof Cuba's natural resources,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.71,0:00:23.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plus, under his rule, \Nthe country became a haven
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.05,0:00:24.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for organized crime syndicates,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.61,0:00:27.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all of which angered a young lawyer\Nnamed Fidel Castro.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.42,0:00:29.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Castro put together a group of 138 men,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.66,0:00:33.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and on July 26th, 1953, \Nattacked an isolated barrack in Moncada
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.09,0:00:36.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the hope of securing more weapons.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.27,0:00:37.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The attack was a disaster
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.63,0:00:39.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the rebels were fought back.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.23,0:00:41.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most of those who were not killed\Nwere captured,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.52,0:00:43.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including Fidel and his brother Raúl.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.40,0:00:46.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The public trial of the captured rebels\Nhelped turn public opinion
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.61,0:00:49.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Castro's favor when he argued\Nagainst the dictatorship
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.14,0:00:51.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and said, "History will absolve me".
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.09,0:00:52.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was sentenced to 15 years in prison,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.95,0:00:55.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but Batista was under international\Nand domestic pressure
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.74,0:00:58.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for reforms and released\Nthe political process in just 2 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.82,0:01:02.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fidel and Raul fled to Mexico to regroup\Nand make new plans for the revolution
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.67,0:01:04.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They met with other Cuban exiles
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.26,0:01:06.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and an Argentinian doctor\Nnamed Che Guevara,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.38,0:01:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who joined the '26th of July Movement'.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.00,0:01:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the meantime a controversial election
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.98,0:01:12.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and increasing unemployment in Cuba,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.84,0:01:14.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,led to more and more anti-Batista riots,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.81,0:01:16.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,although they weren't\Nnecessarily socialist.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.98,0:01:19.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Batista responded by becoming\Neven more oppressive,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.48,0:01:22.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which led to even more people\Ncalling for him to resign.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.14,0:01:23.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Back in Mexico,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.25,0:01:25.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the revolutionaries purchased\Na small yacht named 'Granma'
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.97,0:01:27.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in November 1956,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.64,0:01:29.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,82 men set sail for Cuba.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.07,0:01:31.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Cuban government, however,\Nwas aware
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.10,0:01:32.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the rebels were returning to Cuba
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.94,0:01:33.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and attacked them.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.95,0:01:36.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Only a handful of them survived\Nto escape up into the mountains.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.97,0:01:39.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From their mountain base\Nthey gathered new supporters
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.46,0:01:41.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and launched guerrilla attacks\Non military targets
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.82,0:01:44.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Plus, foreign journalists\Nwere allowed to visit
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.05,0:01:46.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and along with their\Npirate radio station,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.01,0:01:48.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this gave their struggle\Ninternational attention
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.25,0:01:50.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and ultimately increased\Ntheir popularity.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.20,0:01:51.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Meanwhile, in the cities too,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.61,0:01:54.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,new rebel groups were launching\Nattacks against Batista.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.27,0:01:55.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Angered and desperate, in 1958,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.79,0:01:57.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Batista sent a large army\Ninto the mountains
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.84,0:02:00.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to try and flush the rebels\Nout once and for all.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.15,0:02:01.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, this was a disaster
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.58,0:02:04.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the hardened guerrilla fighters\Nwere able to fight them back,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.64,0:02:06.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,causing many in the Army\Nto switch sides.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.61,0:02:09.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The rebels then saw this \Nas the perfect opportunity
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.04,0:02:10.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to launch a counterattack.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.31,0:02:12.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Che Guevara took control\Nof one arm of the rebel army
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.80,0:02:14.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and headed to Santa Clara.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.09,0:02:16.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cienfuegos took another\Nand marched into Yaguajay
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.48,0:02:18.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Castro followed\Nwith the reinforcements.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.55,0:02:20.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As they passed\Nthrough towns and villages
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.52,0:02:22.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were largely welcomed,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.17,0:02:24.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,demonstrating to the world\Nthat Batista's regime
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.41,0:02:25.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was on the brink of falling.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.84,0:02:28.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The international community\Npersuaded Batista to flee,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.39,0:02:31.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,allowing the rebels to move\Ninto Havana in January 1959,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.09,0:02:32.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,relatively unopposed.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.28,0:02:34.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The revolutionaries took control of Cuba
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.22,0:02:37.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and their leaders, Fidel, Raúl and Che,\Nconsolidated their power
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.26,0:02:39.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by wiping out all remnants\Nof Batista from the island,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.88,0:02:42.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and arrested and killed\Nmany of those old supporters.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.37,0:02:44.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This, as well as a few other\Nrepressive laws,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.55,0:02:47.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,led to a large number\Nof people fleeing to the US.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.34,0:02:49.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the other hand,\Nthey nationalized the land
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.44,0:02:50.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was owned by US companies,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.95,0:02:52.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shut down the Mob's casinos
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.24,0:02:54.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and set about reforming\Nand improving health facilities,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.86,0:02:55.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,housing and schools.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.87,0:02:58.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These socialist policies\Nangered the Americans,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.08,0:03:00.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who decided to place\Neconomic sanctions on them.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.34,0:03:02.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The US would also go on to aid\Na group of Cuban exiles,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.91,0:03:05.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in an attempt\Nto oust Fidel Castro in 1962.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.23,0:03:07.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, the infamous 'Bay of Pigs'\Ninvasion was a disaster.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.90,0:03:09.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The aftermath\Nof the 'Bay of Pigs' invasion
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.92,0:03:12.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Castro announced that Cuba \Nwas a Socialist Republic
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.37,0:03:14.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and rushed into seeking\Nan alliance with the Soviets.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.86,0:03:17.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this friendship led to one\Nof the most infamous consequences
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.85,0:03:20.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the revolution:\N'The Cuban Missile Crisis'.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.14,0:03:23.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The revolution spurred\Non left-wing idealists in Latin America
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.09,0:03:24.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whose actions indirectly
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.53,0:03:26.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,led to far-right reactionary dictatorships
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.90,0:03:28.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,countries like Argentina and Chile.