[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.64,0:00:06.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1952, former Cuban president Batista
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.36,0:00:08.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,led a military coup and seized power
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.27,0:00:10.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when it became clear he was not going
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.05,0:00:12.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be re-elected. He placed Cuba under
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.21,0:00:13.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a repressive military dictatorship
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.86,0:00:15.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and began to establish close relations
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.78,0:00:16.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the United States.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.97,0:00:18.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This allowed American companies
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.48,0:00:19.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to buy up the majority of
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.72,0:00:21.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cuba's natural resources, plus, under
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.58,0:00:23.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his rule, the country became a haven
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.32,0:00:25.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for organized crime syndicates, \Nall of which
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.49,0:00:26.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,angered a young lawyer named
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.86,0:00:28.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fidel Castro. Castro put together
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.48,0:00:29.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a group of 138 men,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.88,0:00:32.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and on July 26th, 1953, attacked an
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.39,0:00:34.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,isolated Barracks in Moncada
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.42,0:00:36.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the hope of securing \Nmore weapons.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.40,0:00:37.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The attack was a disaster
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.63,0:00:39.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the rebels were fought back.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.32,0:00:41.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most of those who were not killed were
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.28,0:00:43.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,captured, including Fidel and \Nhis brother Raúl.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.56,0:00:45.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The public trial of the captured
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.16,0:00:46.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rebels helped turn public opinion and
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.93,0:00:48.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Castro's favor when he argued against
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.74,0:00:50.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the dictatorship and said, "History will
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.69,0:00:52.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,absolve me". He was sentenced to 15 years
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.66,0:00:54.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in prison, but Batista was under
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.23,0:00:56.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,international and domestic pressure for
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.16,0:00:57.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reforms and released the political
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.88,0:00:59.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,process in just 2 years
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.42,0:01:03.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fidel and Raul fled to Mexico to regroup\Nand make new plans for the revolution
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.12,0:01:05.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They met with\Nother Cuban exiles and an Argentinian
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.85,0:01:07.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doctor named Che Guevara, who joined the
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.78,0:01:09.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'26th of July Movement'.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.85,0:01:12.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the meantime a\Ncontroversial election and increasing
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.34,0:01:14.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unemployment in Cuba, led to more and
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.46,0:01:16.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more anti-Batista riots, although they
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.31,0:01:18.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,weren't necessarily socialist. Batista
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.15,0:01:19.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,responded by becoming even more
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.64,0:01:21.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,oppressive, which led to even more people
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.63,0:01:23.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,calling for him to resign. Back in Mexico,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.68,0:01:25.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the revolutionaries purchased a small
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.52,0:01:27.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yacht named 'Granma' and in November 1956,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.64,0:01:29.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,82 Men set sail for Cuba. The Cuban
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.37,0:01:31.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,government, however, was aware that the
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.26,0:01:32.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rebels were returning to Cuba and
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.91,0:01:34.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,attacked them. Only a handful of them
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.67,0:01:36.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,survived to escape up into the mountains.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.63,0:01:38.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From their Mountain Base they gathered
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.45,0:01:40.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,new supporters and launched guerrilla
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.22,0:01:42.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,attacks on Military targets. Plus, foreign
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.23,0:01:44.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,journalists were allowed to visit, and
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.05,0:01:45.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,along with their Pirate Radio Station,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.89,0:01:47.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this gave their struggle International
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.73,0:01:49.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,attention and ultimately increased their
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.64,0:01:51.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,popularity. Meanwhile, in the cities too,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.61,0:01:53.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,new rebel groups were launching attacks
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.47,0:01:55.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,against Batista. Angered and desperate, in
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.46,0:01:57.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1958, Batista sent a large army into the
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.38,0:01:59.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mountains to try and flush the rebels
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.17,0:02:01.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out once and for all. However, this was a
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.14,0:02:02.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,disaster and the hardened guerrilla
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.80,0:02:04.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fighters were able to fight them back,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.65,0:02:06.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,causing many in the Army to switch sides.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.61,0:02:08.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The rebels then saw this as the perfect
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.49,0:02:10.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,opportunity to launch a Counterattack.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.35,0:02:12.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Che Guevara took control of one arm of the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.42,0:02:14.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rebel Army and headed to Santa Clara.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.22,0:02:16.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cienfuegos took another and marched into
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.18,0:02:18.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yaguajay and Castro followed with the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.55,0:02:20.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reinforcements. As they passed through
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.38,0:02:22.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,towns and villages, they were largely
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.17,0:02:24.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,welcomed, demonstrating to the world that
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.13,0:02:25.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Batista's regime was on the brink of
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.84,0:02:27.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,falling. The International Community
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.56,0:02:29.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,persuaded Batista to flee, allowing the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.44,0:02:31.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rebels to move into Havana in January,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.25,0:02:32.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1959, relatively unopposed. The
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.74,0:02:34.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,revolutionaries took control of Cuba and
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.68,0:02:36.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their leaders, Fidel, Raúl and Che,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.35,0:02:38.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,consolidated their power by wiping out
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.18,0:02:40.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all remnants of Batista from the island,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.09,0:02:41.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and arrested and killed many of those
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.85,0:02:43.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,old supporters. This, as well as a few
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.66,0:02:45.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other repressive laws, led to a large
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.81,0:02:47.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,number of people fleeing to the US. On
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.68,0:02:49.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the other hand, they nationalized the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.44,0:02:51.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,land that was owned by us companies, shut
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.41,0:02:53.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,down the Mob's casinos and set about
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.15,0:02:54.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reforming and improving health
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.66,0:02:56.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,facilities, housing and schools. These
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.47,0:02:58.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,socialist policies angered the Americans,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.44,0:03:00.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who decided to place economic sanctions
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.33,0:03:02.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on them. The US would also go on to aid a
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.31,0:03:04.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,group of Cuban Exiles, in an attempt to
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.17,0:03:06.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,oust Fidel Castro in 1962. \NBut, the infamous
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.29,0:03:08.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'Bay of Pigs' invasion was a disaster. In
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.26,0:03:09.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the aftermath of the 'Bay of Pigs'
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.91,0:03:11.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,invasion, Castro announced that Cuba was
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.83,0:03:13.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a Socialist Republic and rushed into
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.56,0:03:15.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,seeking an alliance with the Soviets, and
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.53,0:03:17.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this friendship led to one of the most
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.36,0:03:19.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,infamous consequences of the revolution,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.28,0:03:21.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'The Cuban Missile Crisis'. The revolution
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.30,0:03:23.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spurred on left-wing idealists in Latin
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.18,0:03:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,America, whose actions indirectly led to
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.50,0:03:27.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,far-right reactionary dictatorships in
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.52,0:03:29.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,countries like Argentina and Chile.