[Script Info] Title: [Events] Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,如果我是孩子 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我想表示一个东西 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我可能就直接写,一个东西 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,比如一根棍子或一根树枝 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,如果我想要两个 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我可能就直接写两根树枝,对吧,一加一 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,3,三根树枝 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,一个接一个 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我就这么写下来,然后说 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我有的就是一加一加一,3 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,这称为加法方式的写法 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我只是把各个加起来 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,因为我知道这个类似 I 的东西代表 1 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,然后 I,I,I 加起来,三个 I,就是 3 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以罗马数字遵循这种 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,用加法表示数字的思想 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我们来看看 1,1 是什么呢? Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,在这里,查看这个表格 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,哦,1,我写作 I Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以它就是 I Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,然后 2 是,我需要两个一 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我只需把它们写在一起,所以是 II Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,3 就是,没错,III Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,4 将是 IIII Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,实际上不是(笑声) Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,这看起来对,对吧 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,3 写三个 I,4 写四个 I Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但后来发现这个方法不能延续 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,至少现在不是 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以我将 4 做个标记 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我们后面再讨论 4 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,那么5呢? Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我要到这里 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我可以写 IIIII Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但这样会有什么问题呢? Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,它变得很难读了 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我们已经给 5 安排了一个新字母 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以这样写 5 是为了更简单 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,那 6 该怎么办呢? Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,6 就有趣了 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我该如何写 6 呢? Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,当我看到 6,我会问 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“我目前小于 6 的最大东西是什么?” Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,6 在 5 和 10 之间 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,那么我可以将 6 写作 5 再加什么 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以我先写 5,即 V Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,然后问,“好,这里还剩下什么?” Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,只剩下 1 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1,我知道我怎么写 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我就直接写这个 1 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,7 也一样,5 加 2 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,8 是 5 加3 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,9,我再次放一个问号 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,因为它是不同的写法 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我们不用四个 I 来写 VIIII Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,对,这么写太长了 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以我在这里放个问号 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我等下再说如何写这个 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,对于 10,我要看上面 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,这里,我已经有了一个字母表示它 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以我就用这个 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我们看一个例子 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,如果我有 23,如果我想写出 23, Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我该怎么办呢? Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,这时我会想,“好,23 大于 10 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“小于 50 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“所以我应该将其写作几个 10 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“然后我将看看会发生什么。” Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,有多少个 10 呢? Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我看到有两个 10 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以我写两个 10 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我换个不同的颜色 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以两个 10,XX Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,这就够了吗? Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,不,现在这里是 20 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我是把 23 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,想象成了 20 加 3 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,20 加 3 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,这 20 已经写出来了 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,那么这个 3 呢? Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,可以把它当做一个新问题 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,就好像我从头开始 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我会问,“3 在哪两个之间?” Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,它在 1 和 5 之间 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我已经知道如何写 3 了 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,在这里将 3 写为 1,2,3 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以 XXIII 就是 23 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,就像你看到的 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,如果把这个数字给我 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,然后问我,“这是多少?”我该怎么读它呢? Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我这么来读,X 是 10,X 是 10 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以 10 加 10 是 20 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I 是 1,III 是 3 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以这是 20,这是 3 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以 20 加 3 是 23 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,正好是刚才的相反过程 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,, Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,你可以看到,在所有情况下 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我们要先写较大的数字 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,然后是较小的数字 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以 XX 先来,然后是 II Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,这里我们看,先是 V,然后是 I Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以我们写通常的数字 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,都是这种格式 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,先写较大的数字,然后写较小的数字 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但这里还有两个特殊情况 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以这两个有争议,记得吧 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,4 和 9 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,那么 4 和 9 是怎么回事呢? Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,怎么写 4 和 9 呢? Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我们不是把 4 想成四个 1 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,然后写 IIII Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,实际上,罗马人以前就这么写 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但后来改了 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,因为这样太占空间 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,在重要文件中,空间不多时 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我们想要一个更短的写 4 的方式 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,那么更短的写 4 方式是什么呢? Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,他们想到 4 可以是 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“嘿,我可以把它写成比 5 少 1。” Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以我先写一个 I,然后再写一个 V Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,这是你第一次看到一个较小的数字 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,出现在一个较大的数字之前 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以他们说,“每当你看到这种情况发生时, Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“不要把它想成 1 加 5 等于 6 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“不要这样想 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“而是把它想成 5 减 1,即 4。” Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,9 也一样 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,把它想成 1 减 10 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,不对,是 10 减 1,或者说比 10 少 1 来表示 9 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以我们有 IV 表示 4,IX 表示 9 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我们这样做 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,称为减法表示法 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我在这里写上减法 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,这个名称不重要, Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,只是让你意识到当我们以这种方式写时 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我们实际上在使用减法 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,5 减 1 和 10 减 1 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,重要的是你得知道,这种减法表示法 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,它非常非常罕见 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,它非常非常少见 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我在这里写上 4 和 9 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,然后我们看 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,减法表示法会用在哪里 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,4 是 IV,9 是 IX Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,减法表示法会用在哪里 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,你可以看到它非常非常少见 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,事实上,唯一的特殊情况是 4 和 9 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,你会问我, Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“其他地方我们就不用吗?” Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我们也用 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但仅仅是对 4 和 9 的倍数 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,4 和 9,40,90,400,900 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,仅对这些数字使用减法表示法 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,实际上,你都不用记四百和九百 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,它们是两个大数字 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我们可以只记住 4,9,40 和 90 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,4,你知道怎么写,IV Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,9,你会写作 IX Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,那么 40 怎么写呢? Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,不是把 40 看成四个 10 然后写 XXXX Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我们是把 40 看作是 10 减去 50 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,那么怎么做呢? Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我刚才说 10 减 50 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,实际上是 50 减 10(轻笑) Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我不能再说错了 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,比 50 少 10 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,比 50 少 10,50 是 L Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以写成 XL Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我希望你停下来想一想如何写 90 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,你来自己试一试,得到答案之后 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,再看看我的做法 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,那么你怎么写 90 呢? Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,你会看这个数字,100 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,然后从中减去 10 Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以比 100 少 10,就是 90