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There is a risk that some infections

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may be transmitted during
first aid activities.

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Certain blood born viruses
such as Hepatitis B and C

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and the Human Immunodeficiency
virus, HIV,

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cause the greatest concerns.

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However other infections
may also be transmitted.

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Try to avoid contact with blood
and other bodily fluids

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by using protective devices.

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Such as disposable gloves,
resuscitation barriers,

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eye protection and plastic bags.

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Be careful of broken glass
or other sharp objects

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when kneeling to assist a casualty.

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Reduce the risks of infection by

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being immunised against
disease where possible.

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And be clear in understanding
your workplace policy

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on infection control procedures.

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Medical attention should be
sort if there are any concerns

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following exposure
to bodily fluids or

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puncture wounds such
as needle stick injury.

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Hand washing and drying is the
most important hygiene measure

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in preventing spread of
infection in any setting.

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A mild liquid hand wash should be
used for routine hand washing,

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and emergency first aid situations.

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Skin disinfectants, formulated
for use without water

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may also be used.

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Standards precautions
for managing blood

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and body substance spills.

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Spots and spills
should be removed

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as soon as practical before
the area is thoroughly cleaned.

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Spill kits may be used for cleaning

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but are optional.

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When cleaning spills, always wear
personal protective equipment,

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such as disposable gloves, eye
protection and protective clothing.

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Isolate the area

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and ensure you have the
correct cleaning equipment.

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In managing a large spill,
greater than 10cm in diameter,

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cover the entire spill with granular
disinfectant or clumping agent

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and leave for 3 - 10 minutes,

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depending on the
labelling instructions.

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Granular disinfectants or
clumping agents help soak up,

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solidify and confine
hazardous material.

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Use disposable scrapers
to collect waste

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and then wipe area
with absorbent material

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to remove any remaining matter.

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Place all contaminated
material, including gloves,

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into a plastic bag and seal.

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Wash hands thoroughly.

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And mop the area
with detergent and water.

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Where spills are less
than 10cm in diameter

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the procedure is the same,

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except there is no need
to use a granular disinfectant

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or clumping agent.

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A safe method for syringe disposal

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is to find a rigid walled container

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for example a glass or plastic jar
or drink bottle with a lid.

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Gloves can be worn but are not
always necessary or available.

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Take the container to the syringe

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and carefully pick it
up by the fat end.

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Drop the syringe into the container,
pointy end first and seal with a lid.

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Never attempt to bend or remove
the needle from the syringe.

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Contact the local council,


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or health service for collection
and disposal information.