[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.90,0:00:20.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I really don't like to watch horror
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.79,0:00:23.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,films alone. That stuff is terrifying you
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.64,0:00:26.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,know? I'm sure many of you recognize this
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.18,0:00:28.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,situation. You put on a horror film, you
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.82,0:00:31.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,turn down the lights, turn up the volume,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.65,0:00:35.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and sit back. You’re watching as monsters
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.26,0:00:37.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,come creeping out of the dark in search
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.16,0:00:39.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of prey. Your heart goes out to the four
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.64,0:00:42.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,characters in the film and you start
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.36,0:00:44.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,squirming in your seat as the monsters
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.18,0:00:46.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get closer.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.29,0:00:48.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Your pulse accelerates, your palms get
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.26,0:00:52.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sweaty and your hair stands on end. This
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.77,0:00:54.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is when you begin to throw nervous
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.71,0:00:58.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,glances into the corners of the room.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.25,0:01:00.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What was that sound? Surely it didn't
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.38,0:01:03.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,come from the television. Was that
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.20,0:01:07.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,movement in the shadows? The horror that's
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.31,0:01:09.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the screen bleeds into your system
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.47,0:01:11.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and into the surroundings. The world
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.69,0:01:14.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around you turns threatening and scary.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.68,0:01:16.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You cover your eyes but it doesn't help.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.87,0:01:19.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pretty soon you'll have to switch off
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.11,0:01:21.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but even though you shut off the film,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.16,0:01:24.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your heart keeps hammering and you'll
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.42,0:01:27.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,probably have nightmares tonight. Still
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.58,0:01:30.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe you ought to put the film back on.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.05,0:01:33.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're kind of curious after all. That's
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.14,0:01:36.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my Saturday night in a nutshell. Anybody
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.49,0:01:40.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,else ever been in that situation? Of all
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.42,0:01:42.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the strange things that humans do
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.59,0:01:44.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,watching horror films has got to be one
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.56,0:01:46.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the strangest. It's also a really
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.85,0:01:48.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interesting behavior scientifically
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.79,0:01:50.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,speaking. As a horror researcher
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.59,0:01:53.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've thought about it a lot. Why do we do
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.08,0:01:55.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it? Why do we watch horror films and
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.14,0:01:56.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,read horror novels and play horror
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.94,0:01:59.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,video games and why are there so many
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.95,0:02:01.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spooky creatures in our worlds of
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.84,0:02:06.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make-believe? And what is horror? Horror is
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.32,0:02:08.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a kind of entertainment that's designed to
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.54,0:02:10.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spook people. To make them scream and
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.73,0:02:12.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shiver with fear and break out in a cold
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.25,0:02:13.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sweat.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.69,0:02:15.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Think Stephen King and Paranormal
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.71,0:02:17.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Activity and The Exorcist.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.75,0:02:20.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a consistently popular and
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.32,0:02:23.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,profitable genre. Stephen King has sold
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.09,0:02:27.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more than 350 million books worldwide. In
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.51,0:02:29.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the last 20 years in the United States,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.53,0:02:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,horror films grossed close to 8 billion
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.00,0:02:35.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dollars. It's weird it's weird because
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.90,0:02:38.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,horror is by definition designed to make
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.37,0:02:41.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,its audience feel bad. A good horror film
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.23,0:02:43.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,inspires negative emotion. It makes us
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.36,0:02:46.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,feel disgust and dread and terror and
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.17,0:02:49.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,anxiety and fear. Let me ask you how many
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.84,0:02:52.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of you seek out horror films from time to
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.86,0:02:54.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,time? Show of hands. Please raise your
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.56,0:02:57.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hand if you sometimes seek out horror. Okay
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.72,0:03:00.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's about half, that matches my own
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.20,0:03:02.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,research along with some colleagues. I'm
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.05,0:03:04.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,looking into the personality profile of
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.22,0:03:06.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,horror fans and we're finding that more than
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.75,0:03:09.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,half for about 54% answer in the
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.66,0:03:12.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,affirmative in response to the statement:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.11,0:03:15.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I tend to enjoy horror media. Only 29%
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.82,0:03:18.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,say they don't agree with this statement
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.43,0:03:20.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the remaining 17% can't make up
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.40,0:03:23.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their mind. You know they're probably the
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.18,0:03:24.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ones who would die first in a horror
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.70,0:03:29.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,film. Next would be the ones who say
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.31,0:03:34.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they don't like horror. Anyway people really
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.92,0:03:36.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do tend to like the kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.66,0:03:37.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,entertainment that's designed to make
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.90,0:03:39.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,them feel bad. Why is that the case and
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.30,0:03:42.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how does horror even work? Those are the
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.43,0:03:44.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kinds of questions I've been researching
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.20,0:03:47.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and here is what I have found out. Horror,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.69,0:03:49.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in whatever medium, from films and
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.50,0:03:51.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,literature to video games and virtual
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.57,0:03:54.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reality, works by exploiting an ancient
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.91,0:03:57.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and evolved set of biological defense
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.32,0:03:59.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mechanisms. Let's call it the evolved
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.67,0:04:03.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fear system. If we want to understand how
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.28,0:04:05.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that system works and why it became part
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.57,0:04:07.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of human nature we have to look at the
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.31,0:04:09.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,evolutionary history of our species.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.98,0:04:12.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, our evolutionary ancestors found
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.76,0:04:14.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,themselves in a world that was full of
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.26,0:04:16.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,danger. There was the threat from
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.45,0:04:18.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,predators and creepy crawlies and
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.62,0:04:21.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,invisible microorganisms or disease and
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.41,0:04:24.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the threat from other humans. In response
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.22,0:04:27.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to those dangers our ancestors gradually
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.03,0:04:28.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,evolved a
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.30,0:04:29.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fear system that would keep them alert
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.97,0:04:33.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and alive. In other words our species
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.78,0:04:35.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,evolved to be hyper vigilant and highly
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.87,0:04:38.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fearful because being hyper vigilant and
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.31,0:04:40.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,highly fearful kept our ancestors alive
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.72,0:04:44.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a dangerous world. The world may now
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.14,0:04:45.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be less dangerous than it was in
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.51,0:04:47.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ancestral times at least in terms of
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.13,0:04:49.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,predation. We're not in any immediate
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.02,0:04:51.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,danger of being attacked by a
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.56,0:04:53.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,saber-tooth cat on our way home from
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.22,0:04:56.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,work, but we are no less vigilant and no
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.01,0:04:57.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,less fearful
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.31,0:05:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than our evolutionary ancestors and
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.00,0:05:02.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,horror entertainment takes advantage of
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.04,0:05:07.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that aspect of human nature. So horror
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.02,0:05:09.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,entertainment works by transporting us
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.46,0:05:12.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,imaginatively into virtual worlds that
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.27,0:05:15.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are full of danger. In horror films and
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.14,0:05:17.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,literature we follow and mirror
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.13,0:05:19.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protagonists as they confront terrifying
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.65,0:05:22.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,threats. Take Stephen King's The Shining
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.89,0:05:24.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for example. Here we follow a family who
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.100,0:05:29.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has snowed in at a haunted hotel. In the
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.22,0:05:31.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,novel's most famous scene the young boy
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.15,0:05:34.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Danny goes into room 217.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.54,0:05:36.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He walks nervously around the room and
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.90,0:05:38.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into the bathroom where a hotel guest
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.97,0:05:42.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,killed herself some years before. The
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.54,0:05:44.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hotel is now supposed to be empty of
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.13,0:05:46.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,guests but to Danny surprise there is
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.83,0:05:50.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,somebody in the bathtub or something. To
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.46,0:05:53.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Danny's horror it's a corpse.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.49,0:05:55.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's the corpse of the woman who killed
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.98,0:05:58.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,herself. She's lying there bloated and
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.40,0:06:01.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,purple and with glassy white eyes. She's
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.65,0:06:04.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rotting like meat festering in the trash.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.47,0:06:09.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then she starts to get up. King provides
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.35,0:06:11.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a detailed and really vivid description
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.50,0:06:13.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of this moving corpse and as readers we
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.24,0:06:14.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are forced to hold that image in our
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.86,0:06:17.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,minds. That's bad enough but we're also
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.79,0:06:19.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,given a detailed description of Danny's
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.74,0:06:22.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,response to the situation. We learned
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.05,0:06:24.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he tries to scream and wets himself.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.27,0:06:27.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are made to mirror his fear and
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.73,0:06:29.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,revulsion and that strengthens our own
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.96,0:06:32.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,responses to the horrible image. Our fear
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.81,0:06:34.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and revulsion become mixed with
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.97,0:06:37.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sympathetic anxiety for a character in
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.26,0:06:38.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,danger.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.86,0:06:41.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a strong emotional cocktail.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.38,0:06:44.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Interactive and live-action media turn
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.90,0:06:47.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the screw on horror entertainment .Or
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.89,0:06:50.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,video games for example make you feel as
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.84,0:06:52.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you're the protagonist in a digital
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.28,0:06:56.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you're the protagonist in a digital
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.04,0:06:59.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,attraction visitors walk through scary
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.15,0:07:01.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sets populated by scare actors. Here's a
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.96,0:07:04.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,picture from dystopia haunted house
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.30,0:07:07.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Denmark's scariest haunt. What you see is
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.02,0:07:09.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a couple of visitors were confronted by
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.01,0:07:11.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a big guy with a machete.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.59,0:07:13.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's called the chef and you can take a
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.99,0:07:16.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,guess at what's on the menu here. Around
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.21,0:07:20.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,5,000 people pay for this every
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.62,0:07:23.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Halloween and around 300 visitors never
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.81,0:07:26.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make it all the way through the haunt.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.59,0:07:28.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have to abort their visit because
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.41,0:07:29.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's too scary.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.80,0:07:31.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have fainted from fear and they
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.39,0:07:33.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have wet themselves in terror. Why do
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.94,0:07:36.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they do it? Why do people pay good money
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.75,0:07:39.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to experience true fear and genuine
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.02,0:07:42.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,terror like the people in this picture?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.48,0:07:44.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They do it because they have an evolved
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.89,0:07:47.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,appetite for vicarious experience with
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.22,0:07:50.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,threat scenarios and those scenarios or
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.54,0:07:53.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,horror entertainment work because they are
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.75,0:07:56.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,structured to target the evolved fear
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.77,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,system. Just consider the monsters that
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,populate our horror entertainment from
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scary folk tales to haunted attractions.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Such monsters are universal in the human
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,imagination and the most horrifying ones
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reflect ancestral threats. Just think of
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the enormous white shark from Jaws you
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Know. Duh duh duh duh duh duh
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the threat depicted here is the threat
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from an enormous man-eating predator.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That kind of threat really captures our
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,attention and sparks our imagination by
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,engaging the evolved fear system. Now the
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,film itself is pretty unrealistic but
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that doesn't matter.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Horror monsters don't have to be
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,realistic to frighten us they have to
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,engage the evolved fear system. They have
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to have qualities that match or over
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,match those of ancestral dangers and the
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,white shark in Jaws has that in spades.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like an ancestral predator on
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,speed. Faster bigger stronger and much
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more dangerous. Media psychologists have
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,documented how thousands of people were
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,traumatized by jaws. Many viewers even
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,became afraid of swimming in pools and
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,freshwater lakes after watching the film.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Consider another well-known and highly
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unrealistic monster. The zombie now
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,zombies don't exist in the real world
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we have no archaeological evidence
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to suggest that they ever did but every
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well-raised child is able to mimic the
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,behavior of a zombie. You know they're
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,groaning the outstretch the limp arms
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the classic stumbling walk. The
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,monster has really infected our popular
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,culture in a big way. A zombie is a
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,effectively targets the evolved fear
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,system in fact the zombie targets the
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fear system from two angles
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it combines the threat of
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,predation with the threat of contagion. A
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,zombie is a predator it wants to eat you,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is also contagious it will infect you
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with its disease. It is visibly
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,decomposing creeping with rotten
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pathogens. I mean look at the poor
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,creature.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Applause]
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can tell that these horror monsters
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,engage the evolved fear system from the
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,behavioral and physiological effects of
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the good horror film. You know the goose
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bumps and the hammering heart and the
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,screams. These are all evolved defensive
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reactions goosebumps are a relic from a
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,distant past when we were covered in fur
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and goose bumps or piloerection would
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make our first stand on end and so make
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,us look bigger to scare off an attacker.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cats do the same thing by the way. Our
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hearts beat faster to pump blood to the
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,big muscle groups so that we're ready
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for fight or flight and screams send a
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,signal to other people a signal for them
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to help or get the hell away. Horror taps
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into the evolved fear system but that's
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not all. Horror can help us calibrate that
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,system. It's like when you take your car
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the mechanic for a check-up the
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mechanic carefully goes through all the
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,vital parts of the car and he or she
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will make sure that the airbags and the
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,anti-lock braking system work. Hopefully
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you'll never need them because you don't
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,want to get into a situation that
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,requires an airbag to deploy but you
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,certainly want them to work. Same with
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the fear system. Through exposure to
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,horror you give it a test run make sure
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it works properly and keep it nicely
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tuned. Horror lets us learn what it feels
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like to be truly afraid and it lets us
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,learn how to handle negative emotions. It
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lets us maintain and refine coping
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,skills that we may apply in critical
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,situations in our own lives. There isn't
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yet much experimental research into this
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we do have some support from
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,psychological science. One study suggests
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that hardcore horror fans require more
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,extreme stimulation than to less avid
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fans which means that the hardcore fans
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,build up some resistance to fear
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,provoking stimuli with exposure. Other
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,research suggests that by exposing
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ourselves to horror we build a sense of
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mastery which may be transferred to our
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,own lives. In this way horror can help us
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,find and even expand our limits for how
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,much negative stimulation we can handle.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know I'm not sure I'd be standing
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here today if I hadn't for
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,myself to watch all those horror films
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the name of science. Sure my heart is
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hammering and my palms are a little
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sweaty but you guys are a lot less scary
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than Pennywise the dancing clown.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So horror can help us calibrate the fear
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,system and horror can help us refine our
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coping skills. That's why so many of us
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are drawn to the genre even if we don't
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like to watch horror films alone. The
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,next time you are terrified of a novel, a
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,film a video game, or in a haunt, just
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,remember that you are in fact tapping
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into and calibrating an ancient
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,biological defense system. Never mind the
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fear and the screams and the nightmares.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who’s up for a horror film tonight? Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Applause]