1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,000 這個禮堂看起來 2 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:04,000 可以容納600個人 3 00:00:04,000 --> 00:00:06,000 但事實上可以更多 4 00:00:06,000 --> 00:00:08,000 因爲我們每一個人裏面 5 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:11,000 都有不止一個的我(性格)。 6 00:00:11,000 --> 00:00:14,000 我有兩個主要的性格 7 00:00:14,000 --> 00:00:16,000 從我還是小女孩的時候 8 00:00:16,000 --> 00:00:18,000 這兩個性格就常在我内心裏相互衝突和對話 9 00:00:18,000 --> 00:00:20,000 我把這兩個性格一個叫“神秘家” 10 00:00:20,000 --> 00:00:22,000 一個叫“戰士” 11 00:00:22,000 --> 00:00:24,000 我從小生在一個 12 00:00:24,000 --> 00:00:26,000 在政治上活躍 13 00:00:26,000 --> 00:00:28,000 無神論的家庭裏。 14 00:00:28,000 --> 00:00:31,000 家裏有以下的認知: 15 00:00:31,000 --> 00:00:33,000 你如果有智慧 16 00:00:33,000 --> 00:00:36,000 那你就不該相信靈性的東西。 17 00:00:36,000 --> 00:00:38,000 我是家裏的怪胎 18 00:00:38,000 --> 00:00:40,000 我是一個怪小孩 19 00:00:40,000 --> 00:00:42,000 喜歡深入地探討 20 00:00:42,000 --> 00:00:45,000 這個我們感觸不到 21 00:00:45,000 --> 00:00:48,000 但是可能存在的世界。 22 00:00:48,000 --> 00:00:50,000 我想知道 23 00:00:50,000 --> 00:00:52,000 我們人類 24 00:00:52,000 --> 00:00:55,000 所看所聼所想的 25 00:00:55,000 --> 00:00:57,000 是不是跟事實的真相 26 00:00:57,000 --> 00:00:59,000 一模一樣? 27 00:00:59,000 --> 00:01:01,000 爲了找尋答案 28 00:01:01,000 --> 00:01:03,000 我去了參加天主教的彌撒 29 00:01:03,000 --> 00:01:05,000 我跟著我的鄰居一起去的。 30 00:01:05,000 --> 00:01:07,000 我讀沙特和蘇格拉底。 31 00:01:07,000 --> 00:01:09,000 後來發生了一件美妙的事: 32 00:01:09,000 --> 00:01:11,000 在我高中的時候 33 00:01:11,000 --> 00:01:13,000 從東方來的精神導師 34 00:01:13,000 --> 00:01:16,000 開始來到了美國。 35 00:01:16,000 --> 00:01:18,000 我跟我自己說 36 00:01:18,000 --> 00:01:20,000 “我也想跟一個導師學習。” 37 00:01:20,000 --> 00:01:22,000 從此以後 38 00:01:22,000 --> 00:01:25,000 我就走上探索神秘靈性的道路 39 00:01:25,000 --> 00:01:27,000 試著去窺探 40 00:01:27,000 --> 00:01:29,000 超越那個愛因斯坦所謂的 41 00:01:29,000 --> 00:01:31,000 “日常生活意識的 42 00:01:31,000 --> 00:01:34,000 光學幻象”。 43 00:01:34,000 --> 00:01:37,000 他這麽說是什麽意思?接下來我會告訴你 44 00:01:37,000 --> 00:01:39,000 大家先吸一口 45 00:01:39,000 --> 00:01:42,000 這禮堂裏清淨的空氣。 46 00:01:43,000 --> 00:01:46,000 現在,看看這裡這個奇怪的 47 00:01:46,000 --> 00:01:49,000 像是水底下 48 00:01:49,000 --> 00:01:51,000 珊瑚礁的東西? 49 00:01:51,000 --> 00:01:54,000 這事實上是人的氣管末梢分支。 50 00:01:54,000 --> 00:01:56,000 還有這些彩色的像泥巴的東西 51 00:01:56,000 --> 00:01:58,000 是微生物 52 00:01:58,000 --> 00:02:00,000 他們懸浮在空氣間 53 00:02:00,000 --> 00:02:03,000 此時此刻,就在我們的身邊。 54 00:02:03,000 --> 00:02:06,000 如果光對這簡單的生物學我們都看不出來 55 00:02:06,000 --> 00:02:09,000 那麽去想想 56 00:02:09,000 --> 00:02:12,000 在最小的原子和最大的宇宙之間 57 00:02:12,000 --> 00:02:15,000 我們看不到的東西有多少? 58 00:02:15,000 --> 00:02:18,000 我追尋靈性的過程中 59 00:02:18,000 --> 00:02:20,000 讓我對所有的假設 60 00:02:20,000 --> 00:02:22,000 都產生疑問。 61 00:02:22,000 --> 00:02:25,000 這些年來我對我的“不全然知道”挺感驕傲。 62 00:02:26,000 --> 00:02:28,000 當那個神秘家的我 63 00:02:28,000 --> 00:02:30,000 像這樣滔滔不絕地講個不完的時候 64 00:02:30,000 --> 00:02:33,000 戰士的我會(聼不下去)看別的地方。 65 00:02:33,000 --> 00:02:36,000 她很關心 66 00:02:36,000 --> 00:02:39,000 現時當下的世間發生的大小事。 67 00:02:40,000 --> 00:02:42,000 她很擔心 68 00:02:42,000 --> 00:02:45,000 她說,“對不起,我很不高興 69 00:02:45,000 --> 00:02:47,000 我是知道一些事的, 70 00:02:47,000 --> 00:02:49,000 而且我們最好現在就認真地來處理這些事。” 71 00:02:49,000 --> 00:02:51,000 我這一輩子活得像一個戰士 72 00:02:51,000 --> 00:02:53,000 為女性議題來奮戰 73 00:02:53,000 --> 00:02:56,000 從事政治活動 74 00:02:56,000 --> 00:02:59,000 也還是環保運動的活躍分子。 75 00:02:59,000 --> 00:03:02,000 在我的體内 76 00:03:02,000 --> 00:03:04,000 有神祕家和戰士共存 77 00:03:04,000 --> 00:03:06,000 這看起來是聼瘋狂的。 78 00:03:06,000 --> 00:03:09,000 有少數的特種個性的人 79 00:03:09,000 --> 00:03:11,000 深深地吸引著我 80 00:03:11,000 --> 00:03:13,000 這種人能在競賽中勝出, 81 00:03:13,000 --> 00:03:15,000 將他們的生命奉獻給人類 82 00:03:15,000 --> 00:03:17,000 還有著戰士般的膽量 83 00:03:17,000 --> 00:03:20,000 和神秘家的優雅-- 84 00:03:20,000 --> 00:03:23,000 像馬丁路德金 85 00:03:23,000 --> 00:03:25,000 他曾寫過,“在你沒成爲 86 00:03:25,000 --> 00:03:27,000 你該成爲的人之前, 87 00:03:27,000 --> 00:03:29,000 我也無法成爲 88 00:03:29,000 --> 00:03:31,000 我該成爲的人。“ 89 00:03:31,000 --> 00:03:34,000 他寫道,”這就是 90 00:03:34,000 --> 00:03:36,000 有著交錯盤結結構的現實。“ 91 00:03:36,000 --> 00:03:39,000 泰瑞沙修女,另一個神秘的戰士 92 00:03:39,000 --> 00:03:42,000 她說,“這世界的問題 93 00:03:42,000 --> 00:03:45,000 皆起因于我們把家庭的範圍 94 00:03:45,000 --> 00:03:47,000 定義得太小。” 95 00:03:47,000 --> 00:03:49,000 曼德拉 96 00:03:49,000 --> 00:03:51,000 他按照一種非洲的觀念在生活 97 00:03:51,000 --> 00:03:53,000 “烏班圖(ubuntu)” 98 00:03:53,000 --> 00:03:55,000 意思是沒有了你 99 00:03:55,000 --> 00:03:57,000 我就無法成爲我, 100 00:03:57,000 --> 00:04:00,000 而你也需要我,來成就你自己。 101 00:04:00,000 --> 00:04:02,000 我們都很喜歡誇讚 102 00:04:02,000 --> 00:04:04,000 這三個神秘的戰士 103 00:04:04,000 --> 00:04:06,000 他們好像與生俱來 104 00:04:06,000 --> 00:04:08,000 都有聖人的基因。 105 00:04:08,000 --> 00:04:10,000 但事實上我們也都有能力 106 00:04:10,000 --> 00:04:13,000 做他們做的事, 107 00:04:13,000 --> 00:04:15,000 而現在我們也應該 108 00:04:15,000 --> 00:04:17,000 做他們做的事。 109 00:04:17,000 --> 00:04:19,000 但是我對最近的情勢發展深感憂慮 110 00:04:19,000 --> 00:04:22,000 在各個不同的文化間 111 00:04:22,000 --> 00:04:25,000 藉著批判來凸顯 112 00:04:25,000 --> 00:04:27,000 我們互相間差異最多的地方 113 00:04:27,000 --> 00:04:30,000 和將對方惡魔化。 114 00:04:30,000 --> 00:04:32,000 看看最近這些暢銷書的標題 115 00:04:32,000 --> 00:04:34,000 在政黨對立下的美國 116 00:04:34,000 --> 00:04:36,000 代表對立兩方的立場 117 00:04:36,000 --> 00:04:38,000 暢銷書的標題: 118 00:04:38,000 --> 00:04:41,000 “自由主義是精神障礙” 119 00:04:41,000 --> 00:04:44,000 “Rush Limbaugh 是個大肥白痴” 120 00:04:44,000 --> 00:04:47,000 “笨蛋和愛國者” 121 00:04:47,000 --> 00:04:49,000 “和白痴講道理” 122 00:04:49,000 --> 00:04:51,000 他們是為了達到幽默和諷刺的效果 123 00:04:51,000 --> 00:04:54,000 但這是有危險性的。 124 00:04:54,000 --> 00:04:56,000 這跟下面的這本書的標題聼起來很類似 125 00:04:56,000 --> 00:04:59,000 但是知道作者的話你們會大吃一驚: 126 00:04:59,000 --> 00:05:01,000 “四年半的 127 00:05:01,000 --> 00:05:03,000 對抗謊言、愚昧 128 00:05:03,000 --> 00:05:05,000 及對抗懦弱的抗爭。” 129 00:05:05,000 --> 00:05:07,000 這是誰寫的? 130 00:05:07,000 --> 00:05:09,000 這是希特勒寫的 131 00:05:09,000 --> 00:05:12,000 “Mein Kamp(我的奮鬥)”的原先標題 132 00:05:12,000 --> 00:05:15,000 就是這本書策動了納粹黨。 133 00:05:15,000 --> 00:05:17,000 人類最黑暗的歷史時期裏 134 00:05:17,000 --> 00:05:19,000 不管在柬埔寨、德國 135 00:05:19,000 --> 00:05:21,000 或是盧安達 136 00:05:21,000 --> 00:05:24,000 都是從負面地分化你我開始 137 00:05:24,000 --> 00:05:26,000 接著演化到 138 00:05:26,000 --> 00:05:29,000 暴力的極端主義。 139 00:05:29,000 --> 00:05:32,000 這也就是爲什麽我要發起一個新的提議 140 00:05:32,000 --> 00:05:35,000 來幫助大家 141 00:05:35,000 --> 00:05:37,000 包括我自己 142 00:05:37,000 --> 00:05:39,000 來跟這種負面的分化 143 00:05:39,000 --> 00:05:41,000 相互抗衡。 144 00:05:41,000 --> 00:05:44,000 我也了解大家都很忙 145 00:05:44,000 --> 00:05:47,000 所以,別擔心,這是午餐休息時間内就可以做的。 146 00:05:47,000 --> 00:05:49,000 我把這個新的提議叫做 147 00:05:49,000 --> 00:05:52,000 “請對手一同吃午餐” 148 00:05:52,000 --> 00:05:54,000 如果你是 149 00:05:54,000 --> 00:05:56,000 共和黨員 150 00:05:56,000 --> 00:05:59,000 你可以請一個民主黨員吃午餐 151 00:05:59,000 --> 00:06:02,000 或者,你是民主黨員 152 00:06:02,000 --> 00:06:04,000 你可以考慮 153 00:06:04,000 --> 00:06:06,000 請個共和黨員吃午餐。 154 00:06:06,000 --> 00:06:09,000 要是請以上這些人吃午餐的想法 155 00:06:09,000 --> 00:06:12,000 讓你胃口盡失 156 00:06:12,000 --> 00:06:15,000 我建議你可以從身邊做起 157 00:06:15,000 --> 00:06:18,000 因爲我們永遠有很多“對手” 158 00:06:18,000 --> 00:06:21,000 就在你的左右。 159 00:06:21,000 --> 00:06:23,000 這個人 160 00:06:23,000 --> 00:06:25,000 可能是去清真寺禮拜的回教徒; 161 00:06:25,000 --> 00:06:28,000 或是猶太教徒; 162 00:06:28,000 --> 00:06:30,000 或是在墮胎合法化上 163 00:06:30,000 --> 00:06:33,000 跟你持不同立場的人; 164 00:06:33,000 --> 00:06:35,000 也可能是你的那個 165 00:06:35,000 --> 00:06:38,000 不相信全球暖化的小舅子; 166 00:06:38,000 --> 00:06:43,000 或者生活方式讓你害怕的人; 167 00:06:43,000 --> 00:06:45,000 或是那個論調會讓你 168 00:06:45,000 --> 00:06:48,000 氣得七竅生煙的人; 169 00:06:49,000 --> 00:06:51,000 幾個星期前 170 00:06:51,000 --> 00:06:55,000 我請一個茶葉黨的女士去吃午餐 171 00:06:56,000 --> 00:06:59,000 看看報紙上她的言論,是夠讓我七竅生煙的。 172 00:07:00,000 --> 00:07:02,000 她是右派的活躍分子 173 00:07:02,000 --> 00:07:05,000 我是左派的活躍分子 174 00:07:06,000 --> 00:07:08,000 我們約定了一些原則 175 00:07:08,000 --> 00:07:10,000 使我們的談話能愉快地進行 176 00:07:10,000 --> 00:07:12,000 你們也可以套用這些原則, 177 00:07:12,000 --> 00:07:14,000 因爲我知道 178 00:07:14,000 --> 00:07:16,000 你們也都會跟“對手”去吃午餐。 179 00:07:16,000 --> 00:07:19,000 首先,決定一個目標: 180 00:07:19,000 --> 00:07:21,000 你要去認識一個 181 00:07:21,000 --> 00:07:25,000 刻板印象十分負面的團體裏面的一個人。 182 00:07:26,000 --> 00:07:28,000 再來,見面以前 183 00:07:28,000 --> 00:07:30,000 先講好一些規則。 184 00:07:30,000 --> 00:07:33,000 我跟那個茶葉黨女士 185 00:07:33,000 --> 00:07:35,000 是這麽約定的: 186 00:07:35,000 --> 00:07:37,000 不去說服、答辯 187 00:07:37,000 --> 00:07:39,000 或打斷對方。 188 00:07:39,000 --> 00:07:41,000 要對對方有好奇心 189 00:07:41,000 --> 00:07:43,000 要維持會話的進行,還要真誠 190 00:07:43,000 --> 00:07:45,000 還有注意傾聽。 191 00:07:45,000 --> 00:07:47,000 我們從這幾個點切入。 192 00:07:47,000 --> 00:07:49,000 我們問了這樣的問題: 193 00:07:49,000 --> 00:07:52,000 請跟我分享你的一些經驗。 194 00:07:52,000 --> 00:07:54,000 有什麽議題 195 00:07:54,000 --> 00:07:56,000 讓你十分牽挂? 196 00:07:56,000 --> 00:07:58,000 有什麽問題是你一直想問 197 00:07:58,000 --> 00:08:01,000 對方陣營的嗎? 198 00:08:01,000 --> 00:08:03,000 吃完午餐後, 199 00:08:03,000 --> 00:08:05,000 我的午餐伴和我得到了一些啓示 200 00:08:05,000 --> 00:08:08,000 我現在要來跟你們分享。 201 00:08:08,000 --> 00:08:10,000 因爲我覺得這跟世上 202 00:08:10,000 --> 00:08:12,000 任何人、任何問題 203 00:08:12,000 --> 00:08:14,000 都有關。 204 00:08:14,000 --> 00:08:17,000 我問她,為什麽她的陣營 205 00:08:17,000 --> 00:08:19,000 捏造出這些不實的指控和謊言 206 00:08:19,000 --> 00:08:22,000 加諸在我們這邊。 207 00:08:22,000 --> 00:08:24,000 “譬如說呢?”她想知道。 208 00:08:24,000 --> 00:08:26,000 “像,我們是一票 209 00:08:26,000 --> 00:08:28,000 道德淪喪,又喜歡恐怖分子的 210 00:08:28,000 --> 00:08:30,000 精英分子。” 211 00:08:30,000 --> 00:08:32,000 她十分的震驚 212 00:08:32,000 --> 00:08:34,000 她以爲我們更常 213 00:08:34,000 --> 00:08:37,000 放話攻擊他們, 214 00:08:37,000 --> 00:08:39,000 像,我們說他們沒大腦 215 00:08:39,000 --> 00:08:42,000 是崇拜槍支的種族主義者。 216 00:08:42,000 --> 00:08:44,000 我們兩邊都很吃驚 217 00:08:44,000 --> 00:08:46,000 因爲這些標簽 218 00:08:46,000 --> 00:08:48,000 跟我們認識的對方 219 00:08:48,000 --> 00:08:50,000 完全不符合。 220 00:08:50,000 --> 00:08:52,000 因爲我們互相建立起了一些信任 221 00:08:52,000 --> 00:08:55,000 我們相信對方的誠意。 222 00:08:56,000 --> 00:08:59,000 我們同意下一次 223 00:08:59,000 --> 00:09:01,000 在自己的陣營裏聽到 224 00:09:01,000 --> 00:09:03,000 這種分化人們的言論時 225 00:09:03,000 --> 00:09:05,000 要出言制止 226 00:09:05,000 --> 00:09:07,000 因爲這類的言論會傷人 227 00:09:07,000 --> 00:09:10,000 製造偏執,而進而被偏激分子 228 00:09:10,000 --> 00:09:12,000 用來煽動人群。 229 00:09:12,000 --> 00:09:14,000 在午餐結束的時候 230 00:09:14,000 --> 00:09:16,000 我們互相肯定了對方開誠佈公的態度 231 00:09:16,000 --> 00:09:19,000 我們沒有試著要去改變對方。 232 00:09:19,000 --> 00:09:22,000 我們也沒有假裝說 233 00:09:22,000 --> 00:09:25,000 吃一頓午餐後,我們之間的差異 234 00:09:25,000 --> 00:09:27,000 就可以煙消雲散。 235 00:09:30,000 --> 00:09:32,000 我們各往前邁了一部 236 00:09:32,000 --> 00:09:34,000 放下了以前立即反擊的 237 00:09:34,000 --> 00:09:36,000 反射性保衛 238 00:09:36,000 --> 00:09:38,000 來到烏班圖(ubuntu)的境界 239 00:09:38,000 --> 00:09:40,000 這也是唯一一個 240 00:09:40,000 --> 00:09:42,000 互動良好 241 00:09:42,000 --> 00:09:46,000 能夠找到解決問題的方法 242 00:09:46,000 --> 00:09:48,000 的地方。 243 00:09:48,000 --> 00:09:51,000 那麽,你該邀誰來午餐? 244 00:09:51,000 --> 00:09:53,000 下一囘你發現自己 245 00:09:53,000 --> 00:09:55,000 把他人當作非我族類時 246 00:09:55,000 --> 00:09:57,000 這就是個很好的指標。 247 00:09:57,000 --> 00:10:00,000 所以,你吃完這頓午餐後有什麽會改變? 248 00:10:00,000 --> 00:10:02,000 天堂的門會大開 249 00:10:02,000 --> 00:10:05,000 餐廳的音響還會同時播放“四海一家”嗎? 250 00:10:05,000 --> 00:10:07,000 大概不會。 251 00:10:07,000 --> 00:10:09,000 因爲要達到烏班圖的過程是漫長的 252 00:10:09,000 --> 00:10:11,000 也是十分困難的。 253 00:10:11,000 --> 00:10:13,000 這需要兩個人 254 00:10:13,000 --> 00:10:15,000 同時放下 255 00:10:15,000 --> 00:10:17,000 “我什麽都知道”的成見。 256 00:10:17,000 --> 00:10:19,000 這需要兩個人 257 00:10:19,000 --> 00:10:21,000 兩個戰士 258 00:10:21,000 --> 00:10:23,000 放下他們的武器 259 00:10:23,000 --> 00:10:26,000 同時向對方邁出一步。 260 00:10:26,000 --> 00:10:29,000 偉大的波斯詩人盧米曾這麽寫過: 261 00:10:30,000 --> 00:10:33,000 “放下這些 262 00:10:33,000 --> 00:10:36,000 誰對誰錯的成見, 263 00:10:36,000 --> 00:10:38,000 在這之外,有一個地方 264 00:10:38,000 --> 00:10:40,000 讓我們在那裏相見吧。” 265 00:10:40,000 --> 00:10:47,000 (掌聲)