[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.75,0:00:06.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I speak seven languages.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.88,0:00:09.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As soon as people find out about that,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.46,0:00:11.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what I'm most often asked --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.72,0:00:13.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other than for my phone number --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.69,0:00:16.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is: "How did you do it?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.04,0:00:20.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How did you go about learning\Nall these different languages?"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.40,0:00:24.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, today I'm going to\Nshare with you some answers.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.26,0:00:26.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So my phone number is 212...
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.44,0:00:27.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.55,0:00:28.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm just kidding.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.70,0:00:30.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See, I was raised as a polyglot.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.74,0:00:33.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And by the time I turned 18,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.29,0:00:36.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I could speak already\Nfour different languages.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.31,0:00:38.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then for the subsequent three years,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.66,0:00:40.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I learned three additional languages.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.67,0:00:43.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's about those 3 years\Nthat I want to talk about.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.29,0:00:46.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because my language acquisition process
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.09,0:00:48.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was very different from that of my peers,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.76,0:00:51.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in that it was never of these stressful,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.24,0:00:54.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,strenuous, difficult,\Nseemingly impossible tasks,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.84,0:00:58.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but rather something\Nenjoyable, fun, exciting.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.28,0:01:01.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I loved it, every single moment of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.61,0:01:05.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I want to share with you
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.06,0:01:08.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why, what was it that made it so special.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.31,0:01:10.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See, I did have a head start,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.78,0:01:14.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in that I did have these four languages\Nthat I spoke ahead of time.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.84,0:01:17.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But there were also these 5 techniques,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.33,0:01:20.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,5 skills if you will, that I use
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.57,0:01:23.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that made the language\Nlearning process so much easier.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.85,0:01:25.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's about those 5 techniques
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.71,0:01:27.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I want to talk about.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.75,0:01:29.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let's dig right in.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.88,0:01:31.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for the first one,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.29,0:01:33.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the first thing that we've got to do
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.49,0:01:37.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to take a very deep breath.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.59,0:01:43.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And relax.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.48,0:01:46.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the reason for it\Nis because our entire lives,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.41,0:01:49.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're taught how to do things right.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.25,0:01:51.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From the moment we were born we're taught
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.37,0:01:54.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what things we should do,\Nthings we shouldn't do,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.47,0:01:57.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how to do things properly.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.14,0:01:59.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, when it comes to language learning,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.62,0:02:01.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the golden rule of language learning,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.83,0:02:04.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the most important thing,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.13,0:02:07.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to get things wrong,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.09,0:02:09.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make mistakes,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.17,0:02:11.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that is the first rule.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.08,0:02:12.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me explain to you why.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.89,0:02:14.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See, when we've known languages,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.92,0:02:17.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we know a whole collection of sounds
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.12,0:02:19.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a whole collection of structures,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.78,0:02:22.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which combined make what I like to call --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.44,0:02:24.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and for the purpose\Nof this presentation --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.59,0:02:26.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our "'language database."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.82,0:02:28.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And our language database will contain
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.88,0:02:30.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the sounds and structures\Nthat we know.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.92,0:02:33.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, there is a whole family\Nof sounds and structures
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.65,0:02:36.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are beyond our database.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.48,0:02:41.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for us to be able to embark on those\Nand to be able to explore those,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.90,0:02:44.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is nothing within our database,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.53,0:02:46.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nothing within our knowledge
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.33,0:02:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that will tell us when\Nwe're getting the structures right,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.38,0:02:52.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nothing to tell us\Nwhen that sound is precise.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.95,0:02:56.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's say we're going to explore\Nthis one specific sound.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.28,0:02:58.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is nothing in our database.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.57,0:03:01.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we say it, we could say it perfectly,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.32,0:03:05.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in our minds,\Nit will sound like a mistake.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.53,0:03:09.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you know that queasy feeling,\Nthat insecure thing,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.29,0:03:13.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we feel like we're doing\Nsomething wrong?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.05,0:03:15.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is the trigger\Nthat you need to look for.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.53,0:03:21.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because that is the signal that tells you\Nthat you're going beyond your database
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.07,0:03:25.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that you're allowing yourself\Nto explore the realm of the new language.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.06,0:03:27.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me show you how\Nthis works in practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.12,0:03:31.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's say, we're going to go\Nand learn the word "door" in Spanish.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.15,0:03:33.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, the word "door"\Nin Spanish is "Puerta."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.34,0:03:36.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, for "Puerta" we've got\Na few sounds that exist in English.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.53,0:03:38.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, the "Pu," "e," and "ta."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.76,0:03:42.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, when it comes to the "r,"
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.26,0:03:45.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that sound is not in our database.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.18,0:03:46.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The "RR."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.50,0:03:52.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The rolled "r" does not exist\Nin the English sound database.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.91,0:03:55.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's a little bit on the outside.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.62,0:03:58.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if we allowed ourselves
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.29,0:04:01.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to bridge through our database,\Nand to really break through
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.26,0:04:02.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to make the mistake,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.75,0:04:04.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we could make sounds like the "RR."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.89,0:04:06.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But instead, what sometimes happens
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.61,0:04:10.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that we get the closest relative of it\Nthat is within the database,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.41,0:04:12.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that is the "ah-er" sound.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.79,0:04:14.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.20,0:04:16.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that "ah-er" sound
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.19,0:04:18.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,makes something\Nthat sounds like "pue-er-rta,"
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.81,0:04:22.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which doesn't mean a thing in Spanish,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.48,0:04:26.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and actually doesn't sound too charming.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.16,0:04:28.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it doesn't tell you too much.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.78,0:04:30.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, for the first technique,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.74,0:04:33.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,allow yourself to make that mistake,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.46,0:04:36.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that sounds like "Puerta" can come out.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.75,0:04:38.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And now let's go to the second one.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.52,0:04:39.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For the second one,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.83,0:04:41.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to need\Nsome of your collaboration.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.92,0:04:45.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're going to read\Nthese four beautiful words.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.28,0:04:46.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And on the count of three.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.82,0:04:50.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let's start with the first one,\Non the count of three: one, two, three.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.49,0:04:52.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience) Mao.\NSE: "Mao," perfect.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.24,0:04:54.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second one: one, two, three.\N(Audience:) Coco.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.61,0:04:56.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,SE: Perfect. Third one.\NOne, two, three.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.74,0:04:58.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience) Cocao.\NSE: Perfect.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.93,0:05:01.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the fourth one. One, two, three.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.56,0:05:03.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Silence)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.33,0:05:06.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.28,0:05:08.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me show you what happened\Nwhen we did this.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.99,0:05:11.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We get theses four words
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.30,0:05:14.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we put them through\Na sort of American English filter.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.97,0:05:19.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we get something\Nlooks kind of like this.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.74,0:05:21.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I'll tell you the results of that.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.79,0:05:24.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So for the first one "Mão,"
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.12,0:05:26.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which means "hand" in Portuguese,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.29,0:05:29.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we put it through the filter,\Nwe get "Mao."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.09,0:05:30.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.70,0:05:32.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For the second one we get "coco,"
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.81,0:05:34.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is "coconut" in Portuguese,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.98,0:05:38.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or "cocô," which means "poop."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.33,0:05:41.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We put through the filter,\Nwe get a warm cup of cocoa.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.07,0:05:42.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.52,0:05:44.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for the fourth one,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.52,0:05:45.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have "huo,"
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.86,0:05:48.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which means "fire" in Chinese.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.42,0:05:49.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we get --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.57,0:05:52.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you're feeling really creative,\Nmaybe a dude doing karate...
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.63,0:05:53.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.71,0:05:55.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But anyway,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.58,0:05:59.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these don't tell you much\Nabout how these things are pronounced.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.77,0:06:01.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you think it's only one way,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.69,0:06:04.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,only if you're going from English\Nto a different language,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.48,0:06:06.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,think about non-native speakers.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.21,0:06:07.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And try to explain to someone
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.82,0:06:09.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that this [though] is pronounced "though,"
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.86,0:06:12.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that this [thought]\Nis pronounced "thought."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.29,0:06:14.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And even though\Nthey look almost identical,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.60,0:06:16.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they have nothing to do with one another.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.100,0:06:18.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or try to explain to them that
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.62,0:06:20.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this [enough] is "enough"
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.08,0:06:22.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this [enuf] is just simply wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.49,0:06:29.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See, there is nothing useful\Nabout using that foreign alphabet,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.11,0:06:31.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you're trying to learn a language.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.10,0:06:34.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why? Because it will\Ngive you wrong signals.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.09,0:06:36.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what is the second technique?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.48,0:06:37.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Scrap it.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.88,0:06:40.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Scrap the foreign alphabet.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.89,0:06:44.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me give you an alternative\Nof how you can go about this.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.86,0:06:46.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a Brazilian currency,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.90,0:06:48.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it spelled like this.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.54,0:06:51.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the count of three, can we all say\Nthe name of the currency. 1, 2, 3.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.94,0:06:53.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience) Real.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.37,0:06:55.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,SE: We have some people\Nwho know the spelling.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.06,0:06:58.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah, "re-al," for the most part.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.49,0:07:03.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And as useful as this might seem,\Nit doesn't tell you a single thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.97,0:07:07.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when you're speaking Portuguese,\N"re-al" means nothing.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.44,0:07:08.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me give you an alternative.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.94,0:07:13.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See, in Portuguese,\Nthe way that you say "real" is "heou."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.65,0:07:16.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let me teach you how to say it.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.73,0:07:19.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So on the count of three, let's say "he."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.01,0:07:21.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's "hey" without the "y" sound.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.18,0:07:23.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, one, two, three -- "he."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.31,0:07:25.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience) HE.\NSE: Perfect.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.02,0:07:26.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And now let's say "ou."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.46,0:07:28.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like "ouch",\Nbut without the "ch" sound,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.87,0:07:30.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it's "ou." One, two, three,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.01,0:07:32.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience) OU.\NSE: Perfect.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.81,0:07:33.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, "HE."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.88,0:07:35.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience) HE.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.18,0:07:36.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,SE: "OU."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.52,0:07:37.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience:) OU.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.58,0:07:38.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,SE: "HE."\N(Audience:) HE.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.89,0:07:40.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,SE: "OU."\N(Audience:) OU.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.31,0:07:43.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,SE: "HE-OU," HEOU.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.97,0:07:46.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Audience) HE-OU.\NSE: Perfect.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.73,0:07:49.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now you all sound like\Npassionate Brazilian capitalists.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.91,0:07:51.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.60,0:07:58.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So why would we go and use\Nsomething that looks like this,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.20,0:08:00.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that looks like "real,"
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.20,0:08:02.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when instead you can use something
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.04,0:08:05.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that looks like this and gives you\Nso much more information
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.15,0:08:08.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about how to say something\Nin a foreign language.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.79,0:08:10.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that puts us in a really good spot
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.61,0:08:12.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because at this point we allowed ourselves
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.93,0:08:15.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to break through our database\Nand to make mistakes,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.81,0:08:19.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to go into that uncharted territory\Nof a new language.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.48,0:08:22.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then, we figured out\Nhow to take notations
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.66,0:08:25.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a way that the information\Nis actually meaningful.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.79,0:08:28.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then how can we test it?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.05,0:08:31.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's where\Ntechnique number 3 comes in.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.01,0:08:35.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Technique number 3\Nis about finding a stickler.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.01,0:08:37.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So finding someone who's detail-oriented
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.81,0:08:40.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and won't let you to get away\Nwith the mistakes.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.52,0:08:43.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And more than finding someone\Nwho is really that person,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.86,0:08:45.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the guru for the language,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.66,0:08:49.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's more about establishing\Nthe right sort of relationship.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.70,0:08:51.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Relationship with someone,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.09,0:08:54.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they'll correct you,\Nand feel comfortable correcting you
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.02,0:08:57.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and making sure that you're getting\Nto that spot you wanted in a language.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.87,0:08:59.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But at the same time,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.43,0:09:00.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,someone who will encourage you
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.88,0:09:04.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get things wrong and to make\Nthose mistakes in the first place.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.15,0:09:06.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And sticklers could be your teacher,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.74,0:09:08.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it could be your tutor, friend,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.48,0:09:12.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it could be someone on Skype\Nor on Craigslist; it doesn't matter.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.59,0:09:14.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can find sticklers all over the place,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.60,0:09:17.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and with technology,\Nit becomes a lot easier find them.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.78,0:09:21.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then it's time to practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.04,0:09:24.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for practicing,\Nwe've got the fourth technique.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.49,0:09:26.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See, I always thought I had this thing
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.45,0:09:30.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was a little bit\Nof "Sid craziness" that I did,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.41,0:09:32.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then I realized how useful it was.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.67,0:09:38.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I always did what I like to call\N"Shower Conversations."
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.74,0:09:42.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And shower conversations are\Nexactly what they sound like.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.50,0:09:44.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was learning a new language,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.25,0:09:46.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would stay in the shower\Nfor a few minutes.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.53,0:09:48.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would remember\Nhaving all these discussions;
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.88,0:09:50.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I remember when I was learning Chinese,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.89,0:09:53.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I would haggle\Nand try to get two yen more,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.95,0:09:57.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get that wonderful dumpling,\Nand getting the discount;
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.48,0:09:59.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or I would go to Roma
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.42,0:10:02.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'd ask for directions\Nto the best "piazza."
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.89,0:10:04.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was amazing.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.19,0:10:06.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The beautiful thing\Nabout the shower conversation
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.47,0:10:10.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that it allows you to find wherever\Nyou have a gap in your knowledge,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.88,0:10:14.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you're having\Na conversation on both ends.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.10,0:10:18.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, it's easy to ask\Nfor directions, how about receiving them?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.24,0:10:20.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or even better, giving directions.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.42,0:10:24.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, the shower conversation forces you\Nto have both side of the conversation.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.51,0:10:27.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you don't need\Nto have them in the shower.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.20,0:10:30.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another wonderful thing\Nis that you can have them anywhere.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.10,0:10:32.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can have them in the shower,\Nin your apartment,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.50,0:10:35.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,walking down in the streets,\Nin the subway,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.46,0:10:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and seriously, if you're in the subway,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.00,0:10:40.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,speaking to yourself in a foreign\Nlanguage in New York,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.66,0:10:42.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you'll fit right in.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.02,0:10:43.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're fine.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.66,0:10:44.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's great,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.92,0:10:49.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you don't depend on anything\Nor anyone to get your practice,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:49.23,0:10:51.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I did this for years.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.08,0:10:54.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And later on I found\Nthat professional athletes do, too.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.01,0:10:58.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Michael Phelps is known to visualize\Nevery single one of his races,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.29,0:11:01.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,several times over,\Nbefore jumping in water.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:01.49,0:11:02.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Worked great for him,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.93,0:11:04.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it works great for me, too,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.94,0:11:07.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it would work for you as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.65,0:11:10.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And now let's go to using the language.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.96,0:11:12.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because up to now, it's great,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.68,0:11:14.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've figured out\Nhow to do all these things,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.83,0:11:18.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that puts us in a really good position\Nto use the language,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.30,0:11:22.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and for that I recommend\Nyou find a conversation buddy.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.48,0:11:24.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To find a conversation buddy,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.60,0:11:29.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I recommend you follow what I call\N"The Buddy Formula."
Dialogue: 0,0:11:29.50,0:11:31.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that is a way that you can make sure
Dialogue: 0,0:11:31.94,0:11:37.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that your incentives are always aligned\Nto use the new language.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.23,0:11:38.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So for that is,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.59,0:11:42.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the target language should be\Nyour best language in common.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:42.92,0:11:44.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.07,0:11:45.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you're anything like me,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.92,0:11:47.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you like to learn languages,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.78,0:11:50.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that you can communicate\Nwith more people,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.72,0:11:52.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that you can reach out
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.18,0:11:56.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and understand a little bit more\Nabout their brains and hearts.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.10,0:11:59.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, if we try to talk to\Nsomeone in a foreign language
Dialogue: 0,0:11:59.86,0:12:03.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that both of us don't do really well,\Nwhen we could be speaking English,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:03.25,0:12:06.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or whatever language you're\Nmore comfortable with as a pair,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:06.56,0:12:10.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,odds are that you're going to revert\Nto that language that is easier.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.10,0:12:13.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I recommend you to find someone\Nwhere your best language in common
Dialogue: 0,0:12:13.49,0:12:15.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is your target language.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:15.31,0:12:18.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you can't find one locally,\Ntry technology.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.03,0:12:21.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or if you can travel,\Nthat would be perfect.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.48,0:12:24.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a problem with that,\Nand I realize it,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:24.01,0:12:27.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's difficult to find someone\Nwho fits that profile exactly.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:27.75,0:12:29.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I've got good news.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.47,0:12:32.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I've found that out when I was work,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:32.32,0:12:34.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and one of my colleagues,\Nhe's a linguist, too,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.70,0:12:37.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he speaks a ton of languages,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.22,0:12:41.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and our best language in common\Nwas definitely English.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.35,0:12:44.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our second best language in common:\Ndefinitely French.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.93,0:12:49.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we always spoke in German\Nto each other in the office.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:49.95,0:12:51.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why was that?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.73,0:12:54.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was because there were people\Nin the office who spoke English;
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.93,0:12:57.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there were people in the office\Nwho spoke French.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.45,0:13:00.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we could talk about Friday\Nand Saturday night in German,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.88,0:13:03.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and nobody had any idea\Nwhat we were talking about.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:03.96,0:13:07.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it can also be your best\Nsecret language in common.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.65,0:13:09.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:13:09.32,0:13:11.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it becomes such a convenient tool.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:11.50,0:13:13.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can have it with your friends
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.46,0:13:16.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you get the sense of privacy\Nin public.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:16.39,0:13:19.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No matter where you are,\Nyou can have a private conversation.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:19.46,0:13:21.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, let's recap.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.14,0:13:22.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With the first technique
Dialogue: 0,0:13:22.65,0:13:26.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we allow ourselves to break\Nthrough the barrier of language
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.29,0:13:29.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to explore the uncharted territory
Dialogue: 0,0:13:29.22,0:13:31.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of sounds and structures\Noutside our database.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.94,0:13:33.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then with the second one,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:33.80,0:13:35.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we learn how to take notes
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.62,0:13:37.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how to make sure\Nthat we can take notes
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.73,0:13:41.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a way that we can replicate\Nthose sounds and structures later.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:41.02,0:13:44.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then we can check the mistakes\Nby finding a stickler.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.90,0:13:46.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fourth: Practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:46.33,0:13:49.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Have shower conversations,\Nwherever you want to be.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:49.26,0:13:51.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then, follow the Buddy Formula,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.50,0:13:54.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you can find somebody\Nto practice your language with.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.68,0:13:56.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And after that,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:56.77,0:14:00.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Italian) we get to\Na truly beautiful place,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:00.53,0:14:02.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(German) where learning languages
Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.56,0:14:06.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is no longer something stressful,\Ndifficult and boring,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.64,0:14:09.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Spanish) but rather\Na world of possibilities.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.80,0:14:12.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A world, where each of us\Nhas the opportunity to explore
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.51,0:14:17.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(French) new cultures and\Nall the different ways of living.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:17.33,0:14:19.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Br. Portuguese)\NThe greatest reward from this,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:19.80,0:14:23.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that we end up learning\Nmore about ourselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:23.05,0:14:27.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Greek) As of now,\Nit may all sound Greek for you.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.01,0:14:31.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that doesn't mean\Nthat you can't learn it.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.18,0:14:34.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Mandarin Chinese)\N"A journey of a thousand miles
Dialogue: 0,0:14:34.51,0:14:35.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,begins with the first step."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:35.93,0:14:40.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(English) And this is not a problem,\Nbecause now you know how to walk.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.93,0:14:42.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:42.27,0:14:45.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)