[Script Info] Title: [Events] Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.84,0:00:08.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Andrew Forrest: Plastic. Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.60,0:00:11.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Simple as that. Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.31,0:00:18.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our inability to use it for the tremendous\Nenergetic commodity that it is, Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.33,0:00:19.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and just throw it away. Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.78,0:00:30.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: That's in the Philippines, Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.25,0:00:33.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you know, there's a lot of rivers,\Nladies and gentlemen, Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.18,0:00:34.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which look exactly like that. Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.56,0:00:35.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's the Philippines. Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.92,0:00:37.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's all over Southeast Asia. Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.35,0:03:06.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: No, we really haven't. Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.97,0:03:10.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Ellen MacArthur Foundation,\Nthey're a bunch of good scientists, Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.22,0:03:12.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've been working with them for a while. Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.29,0:03:14.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've completely verified their work. Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.06,0:03:16.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They say there will be\None ton of plastic, Chris, Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.78,0:03:19.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for every three tons\Nof fish by, not 2050 -- Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.33,0:03:23.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I really get impatient with people\Nwho talk about 2050 -- by 2025. Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.96,0:03:25.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's around the corner. Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.22,0:03:27.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's just the here and now. Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.37,0:03:30.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You don't need one ton of plastic\Nto completely wipe out marine life. Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.66,0:03:33.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Less than that is going\Nto do a fine job at it. Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.74,0:03:38.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we have to end it straightaway.\NWe've got no time. Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.90,0:06:00.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: So that's the fundamental problem, Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.91,0:06:05.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the price of recycled plastic\Nis usually more Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.04,0:06:09.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than the price of just buying\Nit made fresh from more oil. Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.58,0:06:11.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the fundamental problem. Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.69,0:11:21.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: All over the world. Dialogue: 0,0:11:21.86,0:11:23.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because the technology\Nis low-capital cost, Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.94,0:11:26.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can put it in at rubbish dumps,\Nat the bottom of big hotels, Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.100,0:11:28.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,garbage depots, everywhere, Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.32,0:11:29.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,turn that waste into resin. Dialogue: 0,0:12:06.19,0:12:11.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause) Dialogue: 0,0:12:11.10,0:12:14.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You've talked to other companies,\Nlike to the Coca-Colas of this world, Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.55,0:12:17.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who are willing to do this,\Nthey're willing to pay a higher price, Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.71,0:12:19.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they would like to pay a higher price, Dialogue: 0,0:12:19.56,0:12:20.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so long as it's fair. Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.11,0:00:03.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Chris Anderson: So, you've been\Nobsessed with this problem Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.99,0:00:05.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the last few years. Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.78,0:00:07.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is the problem, in your own words? Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.84,0:00:23.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: And so we see waste everywhere. Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.93,0:00:26.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At its extreme, it looks a bit like this. Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.42,0:00:28.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, where was this picture taken? Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.69,0:00:39.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: So plastic is thrown into the rivers, Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.69,0:00:42.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and from there, of course,\Nit ends up in the ocean. Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.99,0:00:46.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, we obviously\Nsee it on the beaches, Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.59,0:00:49.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that's not even your main concern. Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.16,0:00:52.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's what's actually happening to it\Nin the oceans. Talk about that. Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.65,0:00:55.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: OK, so look. Thank you, Chris. Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.17,0:00:56.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,About four years ago, Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.37,0:00:59.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I thought I'd do something\Nreally barking crazy, Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.71,0:01:04.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I committed to do a PhD\Nin marine ecology. Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.45,0:01:07.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the scary part about that was, Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.69,0:01:09.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sure, I learned a lot about marine life, Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.63,0:01:11.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it taught me more about marine death Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.87,0:01:18.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the extreme mass\Necological fatality of fish, Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.06,0:01:20.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of marine life, marine mammals, Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.34,0:01:22.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very close biology to us, Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.82,0:01:27.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are dying in the millions\Nif not trillions that we can't count Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.09,0:01:28.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the hands of plastic. Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.79,0:01:32.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: But people think of plastic\Nas ugly but stable. Right? Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.65,0:01:36.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You throw something in the ocean,\N"Hey, it'll just sit there forever. Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.12,0:01:37.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can't do any damage, right?" Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.78,0:01:44.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: See, Chris, it's an incredible\Nsubstance designed for the economy. Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.58,0:01:49.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is the worst substance possible\Nfor the environment. Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.30,0:01:52.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The worst thing about plastics,\Nas soon as it hits the environment, Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.51,0:01:55.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that it fragments. Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.32,0:01:57.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It never stops being plastic. Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.78,0:02:00.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It breaks down smaller\Nand smaller and smaller, Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.50,0:02:03.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the breaking science on this, Chris, Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.17,0:02:05.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which we've known in marine ecology\Nfor a few years now, Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.86,0:02:07.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's going to hit humans. Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.92,0:02:11.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are aware now that nanoplastic, Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.11,0:02:15.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the very, very small particles of plastic,\Ncarrying their negative charge, Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.74,0:02:18.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can go straight through\Nthe pores of your skin. Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.39,0:02:20.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's not the bad news. Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.59,0:02:25.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The bad news is that it goes\Nstraight through the blood-brain barrier, Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.16,0:02:28.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that protective coating which is there\Nto protect your brain. Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.06,0:02:32.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Your brain's a little amorphous, wet mass\Nfull of little electrical charges. Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.09,0:02:35.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You put a negative particle into that, Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.40,0:02:38.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,particularly a negative particle\Nwhich can carry pathogens -- Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.95,0:02:42.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you have a negative charge,\Nit attracts positive-charge elements, Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.56,0:02:44.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like pathogens, toxins, Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.00,0:02:46.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mercury, lead. Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.60,0:02:49.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the breaking science\Nwe're going to see in the next 12 months. Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.87,0:02:53.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: So already I think you told me\Nthat there's like 600 plastic bags or so Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.45,0:02:57.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for every fish that size\Nin the ocean, something like that. Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.39,0:03:00.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they're breaking down, Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.28,0:03:02.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there's going to be ever more of them, Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.35,0:03:05.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we haven't even seen the start\Nof the consequences of that. Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.24,0:03:42.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: OK, so you have an idea for ending it,\Nand you're coming at this Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.63,0:03:45.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not as a typical environmental\Ncampaigner, I would say, Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.34,0:03:48.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but as a businessman,\Nas an entrepreneur, who has lived -- Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.56,0:03:52.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you've spent your whole life thinking\Nabout global economic systems Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.07,0:03:53.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how they work. Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.75,0:03:55.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if I understand it right, Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.38,0:04:01.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your idea depends on heroes\Nwho look something like this. Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.92,0:04:03.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What's her profession? Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.46,0:04:06.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: She, Chris, is a ragpicker, Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.69,0:04:10.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there were 15, 20 million\Nragpickers like her, Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.43,0:04:14.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,until China stopped taking\Neveryone's waste. Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.71,0:04:18.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the price of plastic,\Nminuscule that it was, collapsed. Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.95,0:04:20.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That led to people like her, Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.76,0:04:24.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which, now -- she is a child\Nwho is a schoolchild. Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.00,0:04:26.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She should be at school. Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.69,0:04:28.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's probably very akin to slavery. Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.98,0:04:31.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My daughter Grace and I have met\Nhundreds of people like her. Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.98,0:04:35.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: And there are many adults as well,\Nliterally millions around the world, Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.56,0:04:36.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in some industries, Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.76,0:04:39.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they actually account\Nfor the fact that, for example, Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.34,0:04:41.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we don't see a lot\Nof metal waste in the world. Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.57,0:04:42.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: That's exactly right. Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.82,0:04:45.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That little girl is, in fact,\Nthe hero of the environment. Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.97,0:04:49.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's in competition with\Na great big petrochemical plant Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.60,0:04:50.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is just down the road, Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.97,0:04:53.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the three-and-a-half-billion-dollar\Npetrochemical plant. Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.68,0:04:54.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the problem. Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.86,0:04:59.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've got more oil and gas\Nin plastic and landfill Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.33,0:05:03.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than we have in the entire oil and gas\Nresources of the United States. Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.12,0:05:05.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So she is the hero. Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.17,0:05:08.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's what that landfill looks like,\Nladies and gentlemen, Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.16,0:05:10.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's solid oil and gas. Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.60,0:05:14.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: So there's huge value\Npotentially locked up in there Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.30,0:05:18.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the world's ragpickers would,\Nif they could, make a living from. Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.86,0:05:20.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But why can't they? Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.30,0:05:24.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: Because we have ingrained in us Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.59,0:05:28.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a price of plastic from fossil fuels, Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.95,0:05:32.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which sits just under what it takes Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.54,0:05:37.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to economically and profitably\Nrecycle plastic from plastic. Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.12,0:05:42.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See, all plastic is\Nis building blocks from oil and gas. Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.18,0:05:46.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Plastic's 100 percent polymer,\Nwhich is 100 percent oil and gas. Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.08,0:05:48.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you know we've got\Nenough plastic in the world Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.51,0:05:49.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for all our needs. Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.71,0:05:52.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when we recycle plastic, Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.26,0:05:55.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we can't recycle it cheaper\Nthan fossil fuel plastic, Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.54,0:05:58.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then, of course, the world\Njust sticks to fossil fuel plastic. Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.15,0:06:14.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: A slight tweak\Nof the rules here, Chris. Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.32,0:06:16.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm a commodity person. Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.11,0:06:23.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I understand that we used to have\Nscrap metal and rubbish iron Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.13,0:06:26.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and bits of copper lying\Nall round the villages, Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.17,0:06:27.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,particularly in the developing world. Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.02,0:06:29.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And people worked out it's got a value. Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.94,0:06:33.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's actually an article of value, Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.12,0:06:34.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not of waste. Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.56,0:06:37.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now the villages and the cities\Nand the streets are clean, Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.76,0:06:42.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you don't trip over scrap copper\Nor scrap iron now, Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.33,0:06:45.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's an article of value,\Nit gets recycled. Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.70,0:06:51.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: So what's your idea, then,\Nto try to change that in plastics? Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.32,0:06:52.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: OK, so Chris, Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.96,0:06:56.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for most part of that PhD,\NI've been doing research. Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.94,0:07:00.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the good thing about being\Na businessperson who's done OK at it Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.24,0:07:02.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that people want to see you. Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.12,0:07:03.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Other businesspeople, Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.31,0:07:07.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even if you're kind of a bit of a zoo\Nanimal species they'd like to check out, Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.44,0:07:09.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they'll say, yeah, OK,\Nwe'll all meet Twiggy Forrest. Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.95,0:07:11.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so once you're in there, Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.84,0:07:13.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can interrogate them. Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.38,0:07:19.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I've been to most of the oil and gas\Nand fast-moving consumer good companies Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.38,0:07:20.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the world, Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.60,0:07:23.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there is a real will to change. Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.71,0:07:25.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, there's a couple of dinosaurs Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.54,0:07:28.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who are going to hope\Nfor the best and do nothing, Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.05,0:07:29.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there's a real will to change. Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.02,0:07:31.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what I've been discussing is, Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.83,0:07:35.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the seven and a half billion\Npeople in the world Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.33,0:07:39.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't actually deserve to have\Ntheir environment smashed by plastic, Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.28,0:07:44.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their oceans rendered depauperate\Nor barren of sea life because of plastic. Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.51,0:07:45.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you come down that chain, Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.97,0:07:50.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there's tens of thousands of brands\Nwhich we all buy heaps of products from, Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.14,0:07:53.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but then there's only a hundred\Nmajor resin producers, Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.63,0:07:55.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,big petrochemical plants, Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.79,0:07:58.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that spew out all the plastic\Nwhich is single use. Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.54,0:07:59.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: So one hundred companies Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.94,0:08:02.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are right at the base\Nof this food chain, as it were. Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.47,0:08:03.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: Yeah. Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.65,0:08:06.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: And so what do you need\Nthose one hundred companies to do? Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.62,0:08:11.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: OK, so we need them\Nto simply raise the value Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.19,0:08:14.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the building blocks of plastic\Nfrom oil and gas, Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.08,0:08:16.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which I call "bad plastic," Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.68,0:08:17.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,raise the value of that, Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.01,0:08:21.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that when it spreads through the brands\Nand onto us, the customers, Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.86,0:08:26.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we won't barely even notice\Nan increase in our coffee cup Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.34,0:08:29.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or Coke or Pepsi, or anything. Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.35,0:08:31.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: Like, what, like a cent extra? Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.14,0:08:33.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: Less. Quarter of a cent, half a cent. Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.16,0:08:36.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It'll be absolutely minimal. Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.37,0:08:37.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what it does, Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.65,0:08:42.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it makes every bit of plastic\Nall over the world an article of value. Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.36,0:08:45.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where you have the waste worst, Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.87,0:08:47.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,say Southeast Asia, India, Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.77,0:08:49.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's where the wealth is most. Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.88,0:08:52.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: OK, so it feels like\Nthere's two parts to this. Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.36,0:08:56.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One is, if they will charge more money Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.38,0:08:59.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but carve out that excess Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.58,0:09:04.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and pay it -- into what? --\Na fund operated by someone Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.08,0:09:06.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to tackle this problem of -- what? Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.87,0:09:10.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What would that money be used for,\Nthat they charge the extra for? Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.48,0:09:12.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: So when I speak\Nto really big businesses, Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.97,0:09:16.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I say, "Look, I need you to change,\Nand I need you to change really fast," Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.54,0:09:19.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their eyes are going\Nto peel over in boredom, Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.28,0:09:21.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unless I say, "And it's good business." Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.64,0:09:23.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"OK, now you've got my attention, Andrew." Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.76,0:09:26.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I say, "Right, I need\Nyou to make a contribution Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.62,0:09:29.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to an environmental\Nand industry transition fund. Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.18,0:09:30.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Over two or three years, Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.64,0:09:32.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the entire global plastics industry Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.86,0:09:36.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can transition from getting\Nits building blocks from fossil fuel Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.99,0:09:39.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to getting its building\Nblocks from plastic. Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.11,0:09:40.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The technology is out there. Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.59,0:09:41.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's proven." Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.88,0:09:45.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've taken two multibillion-dollar\Noperations from nothing, Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.39,0:09:48.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recognizing that\Nthe technology can be scaled. Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.23,0:09:52.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I see at least a dozen technologies\Nin plastic to handle all types of plastic. Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.75,0:09:56.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So once those technologies\Nhave an economic margin, Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.32,0:09:58.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which this gives them, Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.27,0:10:01.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's where the global public\Nwill get all their plastic from, Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.56,0:10:03.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from existing plastic. Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.46,0:10:07.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: So every sale of virgin plastic\Ncontributes money to a fund Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.62,0:10:10.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is used to basically\Ntransition the industry Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.48,0:10:13.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and start to pay for things\Nlike cleanup and other pieces. Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.34,0:10:14.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: Absolutely. Absolutely. Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.73,0:10:16.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: And it has\Nthe incredible side benefit, Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.77,0:10:18.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is maybe even the main benefit, Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.58,0:10:19.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of creating a market. Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.95,0:10:23.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It suddenly makes recyclable plastic Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.10,0:10:27.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a giant business that can unlock\Nmillions of people around the world Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.72,0:10:29.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to find a new living collecting it. Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.58,0:10:30.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: Yeah, exactly. Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.76,0:10:35.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So all you do is, you've got fossil\Nfuel plastics at this value Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.31,0:10:37.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and recycled plastic at this value. Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.39,0:10:38.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You change it. Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.73,0:10:41.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So recycled plastic is cheaper. Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.64,0:10:44.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I love about this most, Chris,\Nis that, you know, Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.83,0:10:50.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we waste into the environment\N300, 350 million tons of plastic. Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.40,0:10:52.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the oil and gas companies own accounts, Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.96,0:10:54.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's going to grow to 500 million tons. Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.00,0:10:57.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is an accelerating problem. Dialogue: 0,0:10:57.46,0:11:01.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But every ton of that is polymer. Dialogue: 0,0:11:01.23,0:11:04.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Polymer is 1,000 dollars,\N1,500 dollars a ton. Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.76,0:11:08.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's half a trillion dollars\Nwhich could go into business Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.88,0:11:12.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and could create jobs and opportunities\Nand wealth right across the world, Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.45,0:11:14.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,particularly in the most impoverished. Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.47,0:11:15.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet we throw it away. Dialogue: 0,0:11:15.75,0:11:19.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: So this would allow the big companies\Nto invest in recycling plants Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.16,0:11:20.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,literally all over the world -- Dialogue: 0,0:11:29.64,0:11:31.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: Now, you're a philanthropist, Dialogue: 0,0:11:31.26,0:11:34.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you're ready to commit\Nsome of your own wealth to this. Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.08,0:11:36.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is the role of philanthropy\Nin this project? Dialogue: 0,0:11:36.40,0:11:40.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: I think what we have to do\Nis kick in the 40 to 50 million US dollars Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.26,0:11:41.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get it going, Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.68,0:11:44.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then we have to create\Nabsolute transparency Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.17,0:11:47.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so everyone can see\Nexactly what's going on. Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.43,0:11:50.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From the resin producers\Nto the brands to the consumers, Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.71,0:11:53.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everyone gets to see\Nwho is playing the game, Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.26,0:11:55.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who is protecting the Earth,\Nand who doesn't care. Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.94,0:11:58.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that'll cost about\Na million dollars a week, Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.30,0:12:00.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we're going to underwrite\Nthat for five years. Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.71,0:12:03.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Total contribution is circa\N300 million US dollars. Dialogue: 0,0:12:03.56,0:12:04.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: Wow. Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.91,0:12:06.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now -- Dialogue: 0,0:12:20.74,0:12:23.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: Yeah, it's fair. Dialogue: 0,0:12:23.15,0:12:26.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, Coca-Cola wouldn't\Nlike Pepsi to play ball Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.33,0:12:29.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unless the whole world knew\Nthat Pepsi wasn't playing ball. Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.15,0:12:30.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then they don't care. Dialogue: 0,0:12:30.35,0:12:33.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's that transparency of the market Dialogue: 0,0:12:33.27,0:12:35.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where, if people try and cheat the system, Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.62,0:12:37.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the market can see it,\Nthe consumers can see it. Dialogue: 0,0:12:38.01,0:12:40.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The consumers want a role to play in this. Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.16,0:12:41.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Seven and a half billion of us. Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.71,0:12:44.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't want our world smashed\Nby a hundred companies. Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.34,0:12:47.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: Well, so tell us, you've said\Nwhat the companies can do Dialogue: 0,0:12:47.18,0:12:48.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what you're willing to do. Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.67,0:12:50.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What can people listening do? Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.08,0:12:52.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: OK, so I would like all of us, Dialogue: 0,0:12:52.40,0:12:53.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all around the world, Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.63,0:12:56.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to go a website called noplasticwaste.org. Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.74,0:12:58.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You contact your hundred resin producers Dialogue: 0,0:12:58.89,0:13:00.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are in your region. Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.35,0:13:02.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You will have at least one Dialogue: 0,0:13:02.05,0:13:06.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within an email or Twitter\Nor a telephone contact from you, Dialogue: 0,0:13:06.50,0:13:11.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and let them know that you would like them\Nto make a contribution to a fund Dialogue: 0,0:13:11.96,0:13:14.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which industry can manage\Nor the World Bank can manage. Dialogue: 0,0:13:14.62,0:13:18.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It raises tens of billions\Nof dollars per year Dialogue: 0,0:13:18.33,0:13:23.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you can transition the industry\Nto getting all its plastic from plastic, Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.04,0:13:24.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not from fossil fuel. Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.24,0:13:26.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't need that.\NThat's bad. This is good. Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.51,0:13:28.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it can clean up the environment. Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.54,0:13:30.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've got enough capital there, Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.12,0:13:33.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've got tens of billions\Nof dollars, Chris, per annum Dialogue: 0,0:13:33.10,0:13:34.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to clean up the environment. Dialogue: 0,0:13:34.56,0:13:36.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: You're in the recycling business. Dialogue: 0,0:13:36.36,0:13:38.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Isn't this a conflict of interest for you, Dialogue: 0,0:13:38.38,0:13:40.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or rather, a huge business\Nopportunity for you? Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.62,0:13:42.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: Yeah, look, I'm in\Nthe iron ore business, Dialogue: 0,0:13:42.78,0:13:44.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I compete against\Nthe scrap metal business, Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.01,0:13:48.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's why you don't have\Nany scrap lying around to trip over, Dialogue: 0,0:13:48.47,0:13:49.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and cut your toe on, Dialogue: 0,0:13:49.94,0:13:51.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it gets collected. Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.24,0:13:54.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: This isn't your excuse\Nto go into the plastic recycling business. Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.56,0:13:56.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: No, I am going to cheer for this boom. Dialogue: 0,0:13:56.90,0:13:59.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This will be the internet\Nof plastic waste. Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.04,0:14:02.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This will be a boom industry\Nwhich will spread all over the world, Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.40,0:14:06.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and particularly where poverty is worst\Nbecause that's where the rubbish is most, Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.48,0:14:07.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's the resource. Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.82,0:14:11.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'm going to cheer for it\Nand stand back. Dialogue: 0,0:14:11.06,0:14:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CA: Twiggy, we're in an era Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.42,0:14:17.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where so many people around the world\Nare craving a new, regenerative economy, Dialogue: 0,0:14:17.11,0:14:19.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these big supply chains,\Nthese big industries, Dialogue: 0,0:14:19.77,0:14:21.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to fundamentally transform. Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.83,0:14:23.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It strikes me as a giant idea, Dialogue: 0,0:14:23.59,0:14:26.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you're going to need a lot of people\Ncheering you on your way Dialogue: 0,0:14:26.67,0:14:27.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make it happen. Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.86,0:14:29.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you for sharing this with us. Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.56,0:14:31.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,AF: Thank you very much. Thank you, Chris. Dialogue: 0,0:14:31.61,0:14:33.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)