(Bell)

(Bell)

(Bell)

(Bell)

Dear respected Thay, dear noble sangha,

today is the 11th

of November in the year 2018

and we are in the

Loving Kindness temple,
in New Hamlet,

in our Rains Retreat.

There is an interesting topic today.

True love.

Uh oh!

(Laughter)

I've been asked

to share about the 14th
mindfulness training.

We've been studying the 14 mindfulness
trainings during this Rains Retreat.

We know that

the order of the trainings
is not so important,

but how we practice them
in our lives is very important.

I was not there, at the meeting,

when I was assigned to share about
this mindfulness training.

(Laughter)

So I tried to look deeply and see

what my older brothers and sisters
have in mind.

And what do I have to share
about this topic

of true love.

Thay teaches us that
the 14 mindfulness trainings

are the very essence
of the Order of Interbeing.

They are the torch lightening our path,

the boat carrying us,
the teacher guiding us.

They allow us to touch
the nature of the interbeing

in everything that is,

and to see that our happiness is not
separate from the happiness of others,

to see that out happiness is not separate

from the happiness of others.

Interbeing is not a theory, it is
a reality that can be directly experienced

by each of us at any moment
in our daily lives.

The 14 mindfulness trainings help us
cultivate concentration and insight,

which free us from fear

and the illusion of a separate self.

So, during this Rains Retreat

we've been studying
how to let go of our views.

Thay introduced these trainings in
the middle of the American War in Vietnam,

when the ideologies of Communism

and maybe we can say Capitalism,
or maybe

Anticommunism,

were dividing families,
tearing brother from brother,

splitting the sangha.

And Thay and sister Chan Khong
suffered very deeply

because of this attachment to views

that they saw around them.

And they said, "How can we

train ourselves in such a way that
we do not become caught up

in the views that are dividing
our close friends, our family?

It was not

just a matter of sitting around and say,
"Oh! Yes, I see

there are some big points about Communism.

I don't really like the Communists",
is not really like that.

It's a matter of life or death.

Which side you are on.

And that is something
we are not very used to

in the way of living 
that we are experiencing here

in Plum Village in modern times,

when we feel we can share our ideas
just as we feel in our heart.

So the first few trainings
are dealing with our views,

and how to become free from views.

We also looked into consumption,

how the things that
nourish our body and mind,

edible food, sense impressions,
volition, consciousness,

contribute to how we experience
this present moment,

and how we will continue into the future.

So a lot of the trainings have to do
with how we are nourishing

through our eyes, our ears,
our nose, nose...

(Laughter)

Tongue, body and mind.

We know that we are what we ingest.

Both in terms of physical food
and in terms of sense impressions,

in terms of how we set our mind,
our volition,

and in terms of consciousness.

So today we are going to look into

a very powerful and delicate topic,
which is

the energy that

has brought us here

over hundreds of millions of years.

So it's not something
to be treated lightly,

to dismiss lightly.

Sometimes we call it sexual energy,

the energy of reproduction.

Because it is a kind of vital life force.

How really we want to call it,

it is that which is impelling us from
within to continue into the future,

not just in this physical body,
but in successive generations.

So the fourteenth mindfulness training
invites us to look deeply into this area,

of sexual energy.

So I'll start by reading the trainings,

and then we will practice
looking deeply into it together.

The 14th mindfulness training: True Love.

So there are two parts.
There is a section for lay practitioners,

and a section for monastics.

The 14 mindfulness trainings,
one of their roots are

the Bodhisattva Precepts,

which are quite popular in East Asia,
also in Tibet.

Those precepts were for bodhisattvas,

they included both monastics
and lay practitioners.

So the inspiration of the trainings
are these Bodhisattva Precepts.

And Thay has revised them,

updated them for,
to be relevant for our modern time.

So this training in particular
has a separate section

for lay practitioners and for monastics.

So, for lay members:
Aware that sexual desire is not love

and that sexual relations
motivated by craving

cannot dissipate
the feeling of loneliness

but will create more suffering,
frustration, and isolation,

we are determined
not to engage in sexual relations

without mutual understanding, love,
and a deep long-term commitment

made known to our family and friends.

Seeing that the body and mind
are one, or in unison,

we are committed to learning appropriate
ways to take care of our sexual energy

and to cultivate loving kindness,
compassion, joy, and inclusiveness

for our own happiness
and the happiness of others.

We must be aware of future suffering
that may be caused by sexual relations.

We know that to preserve the happiness
of ourselves and others,

we must respect the rights and commitments
of ourselves and others.

We will do everything in our power
to protect children from sexual abuse

and to protect couples and families from
being broken by sexual misconduct.

We will treat our bodies
with compassion and respect.

We are determined to look deeply
into the Four Nutriments

and learn ways to preserve and channel
our vital energies, sexual, breath, spirit

for the realization
of our bodhisattva ideal.

We will be fully aware
of the responsibility

of bringing new lives into the world,

and will meditate regularly
upon their future environment.

And the training for monastics:

Aware that the deep aspiration of a monk
or a nun can only be realized

when he or she wholly leaves behind
the bonds of sensual love,

we are committed to practicing chastity
and to helping others protect themselves.

We are aware that loneliness and suffering

cannot be alleviated
through a sexual relationship,

but through practicing loving kindness,
compassion, joy, and inclusiveness.

We know that a sexual relationship
will destroy our monastic life,

prevent us from realizing our ideal
of serving living beings, and harm others.

We will learn appropriate ways
to take care of our sexual energy.

We are determined not to suppress,
or mistreat our body,

or look upon our body
as only an instrument,

but will learn to handle our body
with compassion and respect.

We will look deeply
into the Four Nutriments

in order to preserve and channel our vital
energies, sexual, breath, spirit,

for the realization
of our bodhisattva ideal.

We can hear a sound of the bell.

(Bell)

(Bell)

We know that the Buddha

as far as we know,
the Buddha had a partner,

was married and had a child.

And as a young man, he had

the things that were considered

appropriate for a wealthy young man,

that is, access to many young women.

A kind of standing in society.

He had the experience

before and during his marriage
of sexual relations.

And then he made
a very interesting decision,

to leave home

and to go forth into the forest.
He saw a monk,

who was living very simply in the forest,

he saw a kind of joy, maybe, happiness.

And he realized that

to realize that kind of joy
he needed to change his life,

he needed to make a deep change.

And at that time in India,

when a young man decided to go
and live as a wanderer,

that also meant

a practice we call brahmacharya.

It literally means 'moving with Brahma'.

Brahma is like a god, or
it could be the whole universe.

But brahmacharya specifically meant
to practice chastity.

So specifically meant

many of us know it from 
the Four Stages of Life

in the tradition of Hinduism.

Brahmacharya is the time
when you are a student.

You are expected to practice celibacy
because you are learning

and studying the way.

And only when you complete that stage
you go on to and have a family.

So the Buddha followed his instinct.

I'm not sure he had a very clear idea
of what that would bring him.

But he saw there was suffering in his life

and I don't think he thought

that suffering was only due
to the fact that he was married,

or because of sexual desire, but I think
that he saw that it played a role.

And he wanted to understand more deeply
the nature of that suffering.

And so I see that story not as necessarily
as an invitation for us

to leave our home
and become a monk or a nun,

although you're welcome
if you want to do that.

But it's a way of recognizing
the importance of looking deeply

into this energy within us that is
transmitted to us in an unbroken chain

for 1500 million years,

more than two billion years possibly.

That has arrived in the form of
every cell of our body.

And the need to continue,
the need to reproduce

for future generations.

There are many living beings,

or something like a living being,

that didn't continue.

And so they are not our ancestors.

It's not that every one of our ancestors
had strong sexual desire,

but this desire
has been transmitted to us.

That is why we are here.

Without that,

that attraction between the male
and the female of species

is unlikely that we would bother

to come together as two bodies

in such a way that we can continue,
in sexual intercourse.

It's very unlikely without that desire,
without those feelings.

And so, it's quite understandable
that we feel it very strongly,

at least, many of us.

Because through many generations

that force, that energy has been selected

over, and over, and over, and over,
and over again.

It is true that due to human culture,

that had been

that had been lying, which have continued,

we are not so much based on sexual desire.

For example, we know in Europe
as well as India and China,

many times marriages were arranged.

That is, people had very little choice, 
maybe it had to do with diplomacy.

But overall, I think we can safely say

that the desire within us to come together
as man and woman,

or even...

Yes. For the moment, we speak about
coming together as man and woman,

has been selected

and become stronger, perhaps,
stronger and stronger.

That doesn't mean that there are not
other kinds of sexual attraction,

like between two men,
or two women.

It seems clear that it is also
part of the process.

But such a need, the desire between
a man and a woman has been

cultivated.

Because when we look deeply
with the eyes of non-self,

we don't see that this body is only me,

but we see ourselves only as a stream
continuing our ancestors.

And we can look deeply into that stream,

and we see that certain things 
have evolved.

For example, certain things
have fallen away.

In the Summer Retreat

I love to watch the children
climbing trees.

And when I look deeply into them,
scampering of a tree,

with such ease,
and just hanging out there,

sometimes swinging by one arm,

when my worry and fear disappears,
then I look deeply and I see

that I can see my ancestors, our ancestors

who also lived in trees.

We started in trees.

Who like me at that age were very adept
at knowing where to put their feet,

where to grab onto the branch.

They could test whether the branch
would hold, whether it's dry and may break

or whether would limber but too thin.

All that wisdom is past on
to us in our hands.

And the process of an embryo developing

is often related to our own
evolutionary development.

It is very difficult to,
for a non-trained eye,

to tell the difference between the embryo
of a human being

and the embryo of a chicken, for example.

So, in the same way, our evolutionary past
can be viewed through

the development of a young person.

And so, as we go through puberty
and our body develops, then,

we lose that capacity somewhat.

And that nears our own development
as human beings, when we've...

It seems because the climate
became cooler in Africa,

and we needed to go out into
the grasslands and walk long distances

to maybe find roots to dig for
or even then we had to hunt,

our Achilles tendon became longer,

and the arch in our foot
became more rigid.

Our neck developed the capacity
to keep our head steady,

even when we are walking and running,
and upright.

And so, that development also came

with certain things that fell away,
which is our capacity to, for example,

hold on to a branch with our feet.

It's very difficult,
if you have ever tried,

climbing a tree only with your feet.

It was no longer so useful anymore,
or it was more useful that we could run

across the savanna.

So I share that story so we don't look
at this process of impermanence,

of the stream of ancestry
as always going in the direction

of things getting better.

That is a wrong perception.

It is selecting for what is appropriate
in the present moment.

That is a better way
to talk about evolution.

Selecting for what is most appropriate
and adaptive to the present moment.

But that takes time.

Time much vaster that we are normally
capable of imagining.

So here we are, in this situation
in the present moment,

where our environment
is changing more quickly

than we are able to adapt.

So it's a very interesting moment, and
I think already in the time of the Buddha,

the Buddha had an idea about that.
He had an insight.

He saw, we are not quite adapted
to live in this dusty houses.

And so he left the home

and went to live in the forest,

in a way reliving

the ancestral evolutionary heritage,

using his own body
as a kind of laboratory

for understanding who he really is.

Another way of saying that,

how am I most adapted to be? To live?

So I invite you to look at the path of
the Buddha and his life story,

and the community

he has built up in that light.

In the light of the ancestors
the ancestral lineage,

and finding our true home.

Finding our true home.
We can listen to a sound of the bell.

(Bell)

(Bell)

In the list of Buddhist mental formations,

there is on called jivitendriya.

[jivitendriya]

'Jiva' is life, and 'endriya' is faculty,

the faculty of life,

life energy, a kind of life force

that is impelling us forward
to have a continuation in the future.

When I started practicing,

I took this sexual energy
as a core part of my practice.

Looking deeply into it
in my sitting meditation.

Because I knew I wanted to become a monk.

But about a year after
I made that resolution inside,

then the seed of wanting to
be a father came up in me,

to have a family. I was at
Maple Forest monastery, in Vermont,

sister Chan Duc was there,

at the Summer retreat, and I remember
being in the Dharma sharing,

and there were
a few monastic sisters there.

And I shared about that.

Somehow into that point,
and I was I think,

26, maybe? 26 years old.

Maybe it sounds a little bit selfish
but I speak honestly as a young man,

I didn't think very much
about having a family.

But that doesn't mean
I didn't have sexual relationships.

So, and...

But actually, taking the decision
to become a monk,

somehow changed my mind.

And over the course of a year
of practicing,

I saw this strong urge
coming up inside of me.

A lot of it was based on the happiness
I had experience as a young man,

in my family.

You know, thinking about vacations,
or going water skiing,

and my house, my dad, and my mum.
We going ice-skating in the winter,

all those warm,
happy memories of childhood.

And they came up very strongly, a kind of
a warm feeling inside of my chest.

So I shared about it
in the Dharma sharing group.

And it felt so healing just to
be able to share about that.

First time I ever shared really
I think to anyone.

And one of the sisters there,
sister Susan,

some of you may remember her,

she shared something
that I always remember

that affected me very deeply,
which is,

some of you may know she was
in our community for many years,

and she lived in a practice community
before coming to Plum Village.

And in that community,
she was not a celibate nun,

at first, she had a family.

And what she shared with me was that

as a monk or a nun, we become part
of the human family.

Our love knows no bounds.

We're no longer just containing our love
to one blood family.

And we can see ourselves, in some way,
in shape or form

as the father, the brother,
the mother, the sister,

the daughter, the son
in every situation.

And that was...

That feeling that I had so strongly that
I could not separate from sexual desire,

so it's connected,

allowed it to suddenly be released.

Not that it disappeared,
but it just released,

it no longer had a...

I realized I put a boundary
around that emotion,

which was bounded by my memories
of my family.

Bounded by the

the accepted norms of society, which
don't include becoming a monk or a nun,

at least where I grew up.

And so, that bounds,

I untied myself taking
this path of awakening,

which is outside of the boundary.

That could not be easily explained
to those around me.

And I suddenly felt isolated, alone.

And that warm energy,
this kind of life energy

seemed to be bounded within this idea,

this framework

of a family like I've known growing up.

So in that moment,

listening to that sister share,
another sister share,

I felt whole again,

I felt like there was no longer
a boundary there.

And so this energy was able to manifest.

So in the one hand
I don't have to push it down.

I can give it its true

flowering, I can allow it to come out,

not being separated from what I love,

but I see myself as being one with it.

One with the sangha,

one with our teacher,

one with the whole human family,

all living beings, and so forth.

So touching this vital energy,
as Thay talks about in the trainings,

is very important,
and understanding its nature.

Thay talks about three aspects
of this energy.

We will look deeply
into the four nutriments.

Remember we learnt a few weeks ago:

edible food, sense impressions,
volition and consciousness.

In order to preserve
and channel our vital energy,

sexual, breath, spirit,

for the realization
of our Bodhisattva ideal.

This is how we learn appropriate ways
to take care of our sexual energy.

This is a kind of tight.

So the way that I practiced,
and I learned from Thay

to work and understand this energy,
work with it, understand it,

was by using mindfulness of breathing.

So in the practice of
mindfulness of breathing

we start with awareness
of the in and out-breath.

[1 aware of I+O]

The first step. Breathing in,
I know I'm breathing in.

Breathing out, I know I'm breathing out.
So we start with the breath.

In fact, the breath goes all through.
So this vital energy

that is nourishing every cell in our body,

passing through our blood stream,

generating respiration
within every cell of our body,

it is nourishing us.

There is a story you might know.

A species

that reproduces on the planet Earth
so successfully,

that expands to fill
every corner of its ecological niche.

After it discovers a way to exploit
the carbon it finds in its environment,

its presence dominates to such an extent
that it drastically changes

the composition of the atmosphere.

Other species must adapt
to this new toxic environment,

or die out completely.

And extraordinary numbers of species
do go extinct.

Anybody know which species this is?

Yes, someone is pointing this way.

It sounds familiar.

It's a species called cyanobacteria.

Anyone has ever heard about cyanobacteria?

Ok, one hand goes up. Thank you.

A happy farmer. Not surprisingly.

Hopefully he knows cyanobacteria.
Now we call it chloroplast.

And it is located in every plant cell.

It is the motor and the energy generated
in a structure within

pretty much, I think, every plant
on the planet today.

And about 2.4 billion years ago,

a little bacteria

very much like modern chloroplast

was floating around
in the surface of the ocean.

And it had evolved the capacity

to receive sunlight and carbon
from the atmosphere.

So taking the CO2 from the atmosphere

and releasing the O2, it means oxygen,
the oxygen, out into the atmosphere.

And eventually, when all the natural
water

and elemental repositories
for binding that oxygen were filled,

then that oxygen went into the atmosphere.

It's sometimes called
the Great Oxygenation Event.

Before that, most living beings
were anaerobic,

they could not survive
in an oxygen rich environment.

Many people, many scientists now believe
those organisms

formed in deep ocean vents,

where hot gases were coming up
from the center of the Earth.

And over billions,
millions and billions of years

they built out a kind of
life like quality.

And so out of that lineage
came the cyanobacteria,

which for the first time was able to take
the energy from the sun,

rather than energy from other sources,
and release, transform carbon dioxide

into oxygen.

And that is why today we can breathe.

So all that oxygen favored those species
that could learn to respire.

They were able to build up respiration.

So in every cell of our body we have cells
which are able to take oxygen,

and use it in order to generate energy
along with the sugars,

from the food we eat.

So without that great event,
we would not be here.

So depending on how you want
to look at the situation,

cyanobacteria was a great destroyer
of the world atmosphere,

or the great renewer.

It depends on which side you take.
The anaerobic side or the aerobic side.

So I tell that story a little bit
to understand why the Buddha emphasizes

mindfulness of breathing.

It is nourishing every cell in our body
when we breathe in and out.

And by being aware of our breath, we are
also honoring our evolutionary heritage,

our ancestral heritage
as an aerobic living being.

So we start with awareness
of the in and out-breath,

and then continue with following
the in and out-breath.

[2 following I+O]

So we develop concentration.

Thay would often say,

it's like this marker is our breath,
and our finger is our attention.

So we,

with the in-breath we become aware
as the breath starts to come in,

through the whole length of breathing in.

Our finger stays with the breath
the whole way.

And then, with the out-breath is the same
breathing out.

And from time to time,
our attention goes off.

We start thinking, worrying
about the future, the past,

and so we just smile,
because we are practitioners,

and we know to bring our attention
back to the breath

as it goes in and out.

That is the training, following
the in-breath all the way through,

and following the out-breath
all the way through.

Concentration is not so complicated.

You don't have to go like this
to concentrate.

You just continue to maintain
your mindfulness over time.

And then, we become aware of our body.

So this awareness of the breath, actually
brings us in contact with our body.

We see that this process of respiration
is not only

the air moving into our mouth
and into our lungs,

but it is also continuing into
our bloodstream to relax our body,

to generate energy,
to contribute to this vital energy.

So breathing in, aware of the body.

[3 aware of body]

One thing that is so relaxing about
listening to our teacher talk

is that during the whole time of talking,

Thay maintains his awareness
of his breathing.

He is relaxed. Usually when we hear people
speak, they speak very quickly,

just to get out the information.

And you feel more stress and
everybody is stressed

and they want just to get out of there.

But with Thay, you want to stay there for
longtime, sometimes an hour, two hours,

almost three hours.

And somehow you feel calm and at peace.

So that is how Thay train us.

Even when we are speaking,
or whether we are walking,

or whether we are eating,

to maintain this awareness
of the body and the breath.

And by doing that, we relax our body.

[4 relax body]

We calm the body.

I mean calming.

[4 calming body]

When our mind is caught
in an emotion like anger,

we don't need to go
much further than the breath

to understand what is happening.
Our breath becomes short.

Our muscles constrict.

So by being aware of the body, we can tell
anger is manifesting.

Our body is telling us.

Sometimes the mind is quite tricky.
It says, "Me? I'm not angry!"

But the body knows.
The breath knows.

So that is why we start
by being aware of the body.

And when we are relaxed,

when there is nothing disturbing our mind,
and our attention is fully on our body,

then we naturally become calm.

So this is developing the breath.

Throughout all the 16 exercises
of mindful breathing,

we're developing the breath,
the vital energy of the breath.

And understanding of this breath.

But particularly, as we start out,
we start with the breath.

[BREATH]

And the next section of practice...

Everybody got this?

I think you all know this, right?

We learn to generate joy.

[5 generate joy]

I remember when
I first practiced mindfulness

of the body, the feelings,
the mind, and phenomena,

when I first discovered

the establishments of mindfulness sutra,

I discovered that it was possible
to generate joy within me

without depending on anything outside.

Nothing that I bought,
no movie that I watched,

not even a thought

like a memory of a happy time,

or a happiness in the future.

That is was actually possible

to learn to touch the source of joy
in my mind, in my body,

and allow it to come up
like a wellspring.

For me, that was a huge freedom.

Suddenly I felt not bound
by outside circumstances.

Of course, it didn't last so long.

Because I tried to went away and then
I learned I had to do this regularly.

So I committed right away to sitting every
morning, when I woke up in the morning,

and also in the evening.

I was very diligent, I was quite strict.

Because of that joy,
touching that joy,

and I didn't need any other, anyone else
to tell me what to do.

It came from within me.

It wasn't like the brothers
knocking on my door,

"Eh! Get up for sitting meditation!"

Or my mental yelling at me
because I'm sleeping in.

That joy, that's what I wanted.

I wanted to be able to cultivate that joy,
so it could stay around for a long time.

And I wanted to learn how to do it,
I wanted to learn techniques

that would help me to do that.

And the next one is generating happiness.

[6 generating happiness]

So,

most of us have learned these before,

but I share them again in order for us to

create a foundation for looking into
the sexual energy.

Because when we are able to
generate joy and happiness

that is not dependent on sexual craving,

that is the first step of freedom.

Nowadays

there is

images and sounds we can get
at the touch of a button on the Internet.

I can touch the seed
of sexual craving in us.

In a moment of -
We are tired, we are lonely,

we are looking for some joy,
some happiness,

all we have to do is press one key

and there it is.

Even I've heard of some men that

even just opening their computer
touches the seed of sexual desire in them.

The conditioning is so strong,
they don't even need the image,

just turning on the computer
touches the seed of sexual desire.

We can listen to a sound of the bell.

And I invite you to look in yourself,

now we will go into looking at the sexual
energy in our own body and mind,

to see if you can look deeply

and touch its nature in your mind's eye

with the sound of the bell.

(Bell)

(Bell)

So, was your meditation successful?

It's a...

For me, it's not difficult.

Right away I can get in touch with
that energy in my body,

because is something that I practice
with almost

every minute throughout the day,
at least once.

And I'm not embarrassed to say that,
that is it's part of...

I've been a monk for 15 years,
so it's 15 years of celibacy.

And not a single day has gone by
where I haven't,

to some degree, had to look deeply into
the energy, this sexual energy in my body.

So that is a very actually easy meditation
for me to share about,

I never talked about it so much,
like in a big Dharma talk like this,

but...

(Laughter)

But I feel very at ease, because I know,

I know when I'm touching that seed
of sexual desire.

Inviting it to come up, I know
how to invite it to back down.

I know when there are moments
when I'm sad, or angry, or lonely,

and I'm just looking for some way
to stimulate that seed

of sexual desire.

But I know also how to,
when that fever passes,

my brother the other day
described it like a fever,

when we get sick and then

the temperature of our body goes up.

It's a little bit like that.
You feel the fever,

it comes and then it goes.

And so, as monks and nuns,
we become skillful

in how to handle that energy
with love and care.

Not pushing it down, but knowing how to

remove the...

the water, the nutriment

to that seed.

So that is the next part.

When we've learned how to touch
the seed of joy and the seed of happiness,

we can

become aware of the sexual energy,
sexual desire.

[7 aware of sexual desire]

It has a form.

It feels in certain way.

And in the body, when we learn
to understand it,

and specially, when we learn
to cultivate joy and happiness

without touching that seed yet.

So you touch joy and happiness
that is not...

not tainted by sexual desire.

So that helps you to grow
your understanding of its nature.

You learn how to be a skillful gardener
in the garden of your mind.

Many people don't know how to separate,
they don't know

what is oregano, and what is basil.
For example.

How many of us don't know
what oregano looks like?

You can be honest. Thank you.

Right, so if you don't know
what oregano looks like, and you don't...

Most of us know
what basil looks like probably.

Because sometimes they put it
on the pizza, so it's easy.

They put oregano, but it's already
ground up, so it's not so clear.

So a good gardener knows what to do
to plant oregano, and what to do to...

Actually we don't have to plant it
here in France,

you find it everywhere in the ditches.

But we know how to plant basil.

So, we also know
to tell the basil from the weeds.

Maybe there are

certain weeds that are
coming up in our garden,

and we don't want...
We want to favor the basil.

So then we come back to
what I shared at the beginning

about our modern situation.

The human body is not quite adapted to
the environment in which it finds itself.

So when we go down to Leclerc,
to go shopping,

and we hear the sound of a love song

as we go along, and we just feel,
"Oh! I feel so pleasant!

Why not I just buy that?"

Because they are very skillful,
they know how to water the seed of,

not too much, just a little bit,
just enough,

sexual desire in our consciousness,
so we have a nice, pleasant feeling.

We think about

somebody who is moaning on the loudspeaker
about the love,

I will love you forever,
and ever, and ever.

And then we think... So it touches
that seed in us of our relationships

from the past, of love,
when we had that feeling,

and so we just want to buy everything
because we feel so good.

Ah! That wonderful relationship
I had in the past!

So I try to go to Leclerc
as little bit as possible.

Then, along the highway we see signs,

like we talked already about the computer,
at the push of a button.

We see all kinds of pornography.

So in this modern environment
that we find ourselves in,

we are actually not adapted
very well to it.

When I used to be stimulated sexually

almost non-stop throughout the day
in all this subtle ways.

So this original energy, which is there
to help us to continue into the future

is being co-opted

by our environment.

It is being conditioned
by our environment.

So I want to ask you, when you look
and you are aware of sexual energy,

is it really that life force,
or is it just an ad?

Is it just a love song?
Is it just an image

of the one you love?

Or is it really them?

Thay said that we don't fall in love
with another person,

we fall in love with the image
of the other person.

And overtime, when the image starts
to look different than the reality,

then suffering appears.

So we've already been conditioned
by the pictures in the magazines,

by the pornography on the Internet.

We narrow down our search on Google

to exactly that image
of that perfect person.

So when we see her, or we see him,
we cannot control ourselves.

We are overwhelmed. It is "the one",
the one I've been looking for!

(Laughter)

But is it that one?
Or is it just an image in our mind?

So that is what the Mindfulness of
the Breathing Sutra invites to look into.

I put in sexual desire here
as one of the mental formations.

The seventh step is to be aware 
of mental formations.

So in this case, we are looking into
the mental formation of sexual desire.

And we learn to calm, we learn its nature,
so we can calm

the energy of sexual desire.

[8 calm sexual desire]

So there are many ways
we can learn to do that.

In the mindfulness training it says,

"We must be aware of future suffering
that may be caused by sexual relations."

But this is the training.

Nobody is forced to train in
the 14 mindfulness trainings.

A lot of people complain,

"Long term commitment?"

(Laughter)

"Why can we just be free?"

Okay, we can be free as long as
you are not in love with an image.

And I challenge you

to prove that you are not in love
with an image of that other person

without committing over long term.

I challenge you.

Good luck!

Because the - When I first
took the 5 mindfulness trainings,

wich had a very similar line,

when I first read them,
I did not take them right away.

But I practiced for a year
and I did an experiment.

Sometimes I would fall back on
my old habit energies,

and then I practiced, just like we learn,
following the in- and out-breath,

I practiced to maintain mindfulness
throughout the whole experience

of that sexual relationship.

Not just the moment
that is really interesting,

but also the parts
that are not so interesting,

that maybe are related to that

experience, right?
The ones that come after,

sometimes days after,
sometimes weeks after, sometimes months.

And I can tell you, as a monk for
15 years, sometimes 15 years later,

when I'm sitting in meditation.

That was because I was in love
with an image of the other person.

And sometimes that image still comes back.

And the infatuation returns,
that seed comes up,

and I think, "Oh! It was so lovely!"

So somehow this hidden infatuation
blinds us to what is really going on.

What we are really doing
in the present moment.

And we need to be very careful.
So, monks and nuns, we train in that,

to recognize infatuation, attachment
when it arises,

and not to smash it to the ground with
a hammer, but to just take care of it,

to hold it, to embrace.

That is the beauty of
Thay's transmission to our sangha,

because in many traditional
Buddhist monasteries

you just smash it down.

You cut it off!

And, as we know, when we try to

keep the seeds in the earth
from expanding up,

then they just spread their roots out,

sometimes farther.

Sometimes people try, with bamboo,
you try to -

You cut it and then you cover it up
and then the roots keep growing out,

and they find a new place to come up,
maybe sometimes 10 meters away.

So our sexual desire is like that.
If we just push it down like that,

it will find other ways to come up.

So there is not a healthy circulation
of our mental formations,

there is no a healthy circulation
of this sexual energy.

And Thay

trained us, as monks and nuns,

to have a healthy relationship
with our sexual energy.

And then the aspect of spirit.
So we touched on the breath,

these four is to looking
to our sexual energy.

And then Thay provides us -

[SEX]

Energy called spirit. Spirit.

We can listen to a sound of the bell.

(Bell)

(Bell)

[vital energy]

[SEXUAL - BREATH - SPIRIT]

Spirit. The word comes from
the same root for 'respire'.

The breath.

It has to do with our mind, it recognizes
that our mind is connected with our breath.

So in the next steps of mindful breathing,

we become aware of the mind.

[9 aware of the mind]

We are aware of the thoughts 
that are appearing.

When we look deeply
into those thoughts we see

that they are providing nourishment for
our mental formations, like sexual desire.

So we are aware of
what our mind is attending to.

Do we have an image in our mind?

Maybe an erotic image.

We hold that and then we notice that
that waters a seed of sexual desire in us.

It's very simple!

We just don't recognize it.

We don't take a step back and
shine the light of mindfulness on it.

So that is what the sutra
invites us to do.

As we breath in, I'm aware of my mind.
Breathing out, I'm aware of my mind.

So aware of what has been put there
in our mind, in our mind's eye.

When we are attending to the breath,

then the breath becomes
the object of our meditation.

Mindfulness is always
mindfulness of something.

So we can be mindful of our breath,
we can be mindful of -

We can imagine the face of someone
that we find very attractive,

and then I can water that seed
of sexual desire.

So it becomes a source of nutriment.

That's what we are doing
day in and day out.

And then when we stop, when we shift
our attention back to the breath,

that seed is no longer watered.

We think this is our 'me'
who is doing it for us,

like I am the one doing this.
But this is a process of conditioning.

The nutriments, they come in,

sense impressions, volition,
consciousness.

If we cultivate the seed
of having many sexual relations,

that becomes a reality.

If we cultivate the seed of
being aware of breathing,

of calming our body and mind,
then that becomes a reality.

So where we put our attention,
what is there on the plate of our mind,

it's like we have food
on a plate in front of us.

Or maybe it's whatever is open
in our computer.

It is coming up on the screen.
That's what this is training us to do,

at every moment, to be aware

of what is present in our mind.

And then, we learn to gladden the mind.

[10 gladden the mind]

So we learn to bring up
those kinds of thoughts,

or to give attention to those things which
actually bring about happiness and joy.

So we are going down to the root.

We learn to generate joy and happiness,
and now we are going down to see,

what is really going on there,
at the root?

How can we provide a kind of nutriment
in our thinking, in our attention,

that nourishes joy and happiness?

So, mind training,

training the mind.

So we are learning how to sublimate
this vital energy

which has the manifestation
of sexual desire.

And we are directing it towards
the breath, towards the spirit,

towards being aware of
also the sexual energy.

But not being swept away by that energy,
or being just pulled away

by the images that we are attached to,
infatuated with.

And by gladdening the mind,
the mind becomes peaceful,

it is not searching
for things outside of itself.

It's no longer searching for those images,

it is not easily carried away
by that music in the supermarket,

or the advertisements that you see
alongside the road.

I read a story yesterday

from an old student of Thay's.

Many of you know Thay is
in the root temple, in Vietnam.

He has committed to going back there
for the rest of his life.

So many brothers and sisters
in the community

are in this moment to prepare for

maybe many people becoming
very interested in Thay's life, suddenly,

to explain some things about
the history of Thay's life.

And one of the sisters doing that
sent me a link of an old student of Thay,

named Jim Forest, who studied at (),
and also the Buddhist Peace Delegation,

in Paris, in the 1970s.

And he told the story where they were
walking in the Tenderloin district

of San Francisco, which is a,
I think still is a little bit -

Michael has said.

It's an area -
I think that is a little bit

with kind of sex shops,

and, you know, shows
and things like that.

I think in Paris you also have
something like that.

And somehow they ended up
walking through San Francisco

and they ended up at that - And, so Jim
told the story where he thought, "Oh gosh!

How did I end up with Thay here,
in this district!"

(Laughter)

And he just kept his view
very straightforward

and he just kind of was walking by.

But then, they came to one shop
where there was a show inside.

And then Thay turned and he looked.

And,

I get the impression Thay was just looking
at like Thay would look at an autumn leaf,

or a blade of grass.

(Laughter)

Just with these eyes of wonder.

Because I think in Vietnam it's not
very common to have out in the street -

And Thay seeing images of women
to go into the shop.

And it said underneath, it said,
"Only people over the age of 21

with an ID are permitted to enter".

So then, Thay turned to Jim and said,
"Jim, are you older than 21?"

(Laughter)

And then Jim said, "No, Thay".
Of course, Jim was older than 21.

But Jim had a deeper insight
into Thay's question.

Thay was not asking Jim literally
are you already age of 21.

When a Zen master asks you a question,
there is many layers of meaning.

So Thay said, "Good. Neither am I."

(Laughter)

Of course, Thay was in his 40s.

But Thay said, "Neither am I.
So we don't have to go in there"

And they continued walking.

I love that story, because

a normal way of practicing
is a kind of like a spiritual by-passing.

We just want to walk by.

We have a fear, right?
Like the mindfulness trainings talks us

that we have a fear,
and illusion of a separate self.

So in that fear, in order to maintain
our illusion of a separate self,

we just close off our vision.

We just look like that.

But Thay stopped and looked.
Thay wants to see what is really going on.

So there is someone in us
that really wants to see

what is going on. We don't want to
just blind ourselves to the reality.

There are young women in there,

they are making their living by
doing these sex shows.

Thay is looking deeply into the situation
with compassion.

And if we are solid
in our practice like that,

we are not enticed, we are not pulled in,
we are not pulled away by the emotion.

And we can smile with this wonder,
these eyes of wonder.

Here, not being over 21 means
we maintain our innocence,

our joy, our wonder
of looking at the world.

Even if we have suffered in the past,
even if we've been over 21 in the past,

we can return to that childlike wonder.

And look at another human being,
and look at the situation

with the eyes of understanding and love.

And see the suffering that is there.

So if we are able to
gladden the mind in that way,

if we are happy, and solid in our joy,

then we are not pulled away
by these things.

And the 11th is concentrating the mind.

[11 concentrating the mind]

So we learn to maintain
our awareness over time.

This is connected to following
the in-breath and the out-breath.

We can become aware of in-breath,
and then we maintain that attention

over time.

And the more we train in that way,
the more our concentration becomes steady,

and solid, we are not easily distracted.

So even if these images come,
like Thay standing there,

looking at the image of a woman,

we are not pulled away.
We are not -

The image is there to pull you in.
So you pay your money,

so you can go in and that seed
of sexual desire can be watered in you.

But if we know
how to maintain concentration,

then we know when things come in, and
they are trying to nourish our seed,

and we don't allow them
to continue to manifest

in our mind consciousness.

It will not penetrate deeply.
The Buddha often said,

it is not that the Buddha
doesn't have sexual desire,

or anger, or sadness,

it is that he does not allow those
emotions to overwhelm his mind anymore.

He has made the decision to cut them off.

He can see a naked woman,

but it doesn't penetrate
into touching the seed

of sexual desire in his consciousness.

He knows that that is not true freedom.

That he cannot find true happiness

in a sexual relationship.

Only - True happiness is
only found in ourselves,

in this body, in this mind,

in cultivating peace, joy, calm, and
understanding the nature of our mind.

So we are no longer pulled away
by these temptations.

And if we do have a sexual relationship,
we are also not pulled away

by the image we have of the other person.

We are able to look into their eyes,
and see them as they truly are.

We practice it as a meditation.

If we are lay practitioners,

we are not committed to,
like we as monastics.

So I don't want you to go away
and think, "Oh my gosh!

I have to become a monk
or a nun right away!"

But we have to learn
how to take care of that desire within us

so that we are not blinding ourselves
with infatuation.

That is understanding
this vital energy of spirit.

Understanding our mind.

We have to understand how these things

in every moment are stimulating
seeds in our consciousness.

And then, we touch freedom.
Liberating the mind.

[12 liberating the mind]

The mind is no longer enslaved,
we are no longer easily carried away

by the images.

So, dear brothers and sisters,
thank you for being here,

helping to look deeply into this
energy of sexual desire.

I encourage you to look into
the remaining steps of mindful breathing,

concentration on impermanence,
letting go, abandoning desire,

extinction of notions, nirvana,
in you own practices here.

Out of time.

But I want to share that

as a man,

and a monk,

I'm aware that in our ancestral history,

that we have a lot of
Beginning Anew to do around this topic.

And going into this XXI century,

I hope we can do it together,

that we can learn of these seeds,
how we've used violence, power,

fear in the past,

because we didn't understand
what the Buddha was teaching.

We didn't know how to put into practice
this understanding

of sexual desire. So, it is

with a lot of humility that
we need to learn to Begin Anew as men,

specially.

With the Me Too movement, it is helping
us, it's like a bell of mindfulness

to help not only men, but mostly men

to look deeply into this as a training

so that we can transform
going into the future,

and live again,
or maybe for the first time,

in real harmony and peace,

with brotherhood and sisterhood.

I just end with asking you to support.

Two of us are going this coming week
to a conference,

On the Dignity of the Child
in the Digital World.

It is taking place in the United Emirates.
Thay has been invited to represent,

as a Buddhist leader, to represent

the community

in looking deeply into the situation
with children

who are being abused for
pornography online.

This is a meeting of many leaders from
many different traditions,

from Muslim, Christian, and Jewish
and other traditions, Buddhists,

so Thay will not go in person
but two brothers will go

and will support. So I thank you for being
able to share about this topic here today,

because - And I'm grateful for Thay,
for putting right in the trainings,

"We will do everything in our power
to protect children from sexual abuse

and to protect couples and families from
being broken by sexual misconduct."

So I ask you to send energy
for the children everywhere

who are in a situation like that
because of our own incapacity

to take care of our energy
of sexual desire.

They are enslaved to be put online

for our own sexual desire.

And that is a big bell of mindfulness
for us all.

Please, enjoy walking meditation,

and we will continue next week
with more looking deeply

into the mindfulness trainings.
Thank you so much.

(Bell)

(Bell)

(Bell)

(Bell)