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Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.48,0:00:28.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in this lecture and a subsequent few we are\Ngoing to go through some of the basics on
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.25,0:00:36.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the networking aspects of internet of things\Nso the first thing that we need to understand
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.23,0:00:43.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that iot has evolved a lot so starting\Nfrom basic research basic fundamental research
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.85,0:00:49.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and innovation there has been different other\Ntypes of innovation which are dik through
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.30,0:00:56.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ah which are disruptive and some of the other\Ninnovations which are sustaining in nature
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.35,0:01:05.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so in terms of basic research there has been\Nlot of research on ah the nanotechnology the
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.74,0:01:12.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,use of nanotechnology the use of quantum [teletransport/ah\Nteleportation] ah teleportation quantum teleportation
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.86,0:01:21.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,basically means that how ah the different\Ninformation at the atomic level is sent from
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.21,0:01:25.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one point to another\Nso is transported from one point to another
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.39,0:01:33.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the atomic level and nanotechnology ah\Nit involves things like nanoiot nanonodes
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.72,0:01:42.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nanonetworking nodes ah nanosensor nodes and\Nah nanonetworks that means at the nanoscale
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.72,0:01:47.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,forming a network which can be for different\Npurposes nanonetworks are used for different
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.68,0:01:53.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,purposes ah in the human inside the human\Nbody at the molecular level nanonetworks can
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.06,0:02:01.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be used so like this at the nanoscale and\Nah for quantum ah ah ah communication there
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.89,0:02:08.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has been lot of ah advertisements ah that\Nhas been done ah for ah involving ah basic
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.35,0:02:15.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,innovations basic research innovations\Nso this is one likewise ah for ah semantic
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.77,0:02:21.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interoperability there has been lot of research\Non semantic in for interoperability for example
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.02,0:02:31.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let us see that a temperature sensor it might\Nbe given the data as temp another temperature
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.12,0:02:37.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sensor as temperature another temperature\Nsensor the third one st so there has to be
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.02,0:02:41.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interoperability between all these different\Ncolossians but they are all different to the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.09,0:02:47.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,same temperature right so this is basically\Ntaken care of by things like semantic interoperability
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.74,0:02:52.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there has been lot of research on this one\Nthis particular aspect then energy harvesting
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.93,0:02:58.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,again there has been lot of research ah you\Nknow energy harvesting through different renewable
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.07,0:03:05.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ah sources ah such as wind energy solar etcetera\Netcetera how these can harvest you know how
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.43,0:03:10.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these deferent renewable sources ah from these\Nhow energy can be harvested to power the different
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.78,0:03:16.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nodes and iot these are very small powered\Nyou know small sized nodes with very [la/limited]
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.17,0:03:19.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,limited power\Nso energy harvesting is very crucial it plays
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.67,0:03:24.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a crucial role in the sustenance of these\Nnetworks so ah there has been lot of work
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.44,0:03:29.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on this one also and this has been like you\Nknow these aspects for example there has been
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.03,0:03:34.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lot of brick through innovation on these ah\Nthen disruptive innovation ah for example
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.40,0:03:39.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,virtual reality augmented reality you know\Nso these are all like ah you know involvement
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.79,0:03:46.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of these an incorporation into the iot network\Nah there has been lot of ah ah research ah
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.07,0:03:52.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on on this particular front and ah things\Nlike cloud ah big data these are like sustaining
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.57,0:03:58.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,technologies for iot again there has been\Nlot of work on ah these technologies ah as
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.91,0:04:08.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well ah now when we talk about iot if we think\Nabout iot what we have we have these different
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.45,0:04:15.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,things ah ah which as i said in one of the\Nprevious lectures is these things are fitted
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.49,0:04:20.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ah ah these are basically physical objects\Nonce again so these physical objects are fitted
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.99,0:04:28.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with different sensors and these sensors basically\Nah sense different physical phenomena that
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.32,0:04:35.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are occurring around them\Nso these sensor fitted things sensors actuators
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.49,0:04:45.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and different other emirate devices ah these\Nthese are one component of the iot so but
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.26,0:04:49.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these become the different nodes in the network\Nthese are the individual nodes in the network
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.76,0:04:55.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so then what we have is these nodes they have\Nto communicate with one another and the information
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.90,0:05:05.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is sensed by one of these sensors fitted\Nto this nodes this information from the sensor
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.74,0:05:13.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the other sensors these are taken and\Nare sent to the other sensor nodes the destination
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.04,0:05:23.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nodes so how is that turn first these information\Nhave to flow through the local network and
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.41,0:05:29.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then if the destination intended destination\Nis outside this local network then it is sent
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.57,0:05:35.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through the internet typically if it is if\Nwe are talking about an iot which is basically
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.13,0:05:40.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,internet ah based iot then basically it is\Ngoing to flow through the internet or some
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.13,0:05:46.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other wide area network and finally it is\Ngoing to arrive at the intended destination
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.22,0:05:51.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,node and from there may be there can be some\Nthere can be some ah at that point actually
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.64,0:05:56.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there can be some analytic engine which is\Nrunning on some backend server ah those could
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.62,0:06:02.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be there and from that point from the decision\Nfrom these analytics they can run on this
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.49,0:06:05.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,servers ah decisions about actuation could\Nbe made
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.82,0:06:12.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so what we see is from sensors to actuators\Nthrough the local area network the internet
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.63,0:06:20.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,involving ah you know [black/backend] backend\Nservices analytics ah which includes again
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.47,0:06:26.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some you know high end processing at deferent\Nservers ah and different [complec/complex]
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.69,0:06:31.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,complex algorithms execution of different\N[call/complex] algorithms ah which are based
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.31,0:06:36.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on may be machine learning ah neural networks\Nand so on and so forth these are all required
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.65,0:06:43.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so so basically you know what happens is we\Nbasically can conceive ah of an iot as a very
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.75,0:06:51.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,complex system involving sensors actuators\Nah networks local area wide area internet
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.92,0:07:00.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and ah ah different servers different algorithms\Nmachine learning and so on all executing ah
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.68,0:07:11.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,together to make the system function as as\None single entity so going back we have ah
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.41,0:07:15.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in this local network as you are saying then\Nwe have the internet we have the backend ah
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.45,0:07:17.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,services and finally the applications that\Ni have been served
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.70,0:07:25.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so these are the different basic components\Nof iot so this is the scenario that i was
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.40,0:07:32.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,referring to earlier so what we have we have\Nthese different things we have these different
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.15,0:07:37.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,things these things could be ah like you know\Ndifferent ah physical objects which are fitted
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.97,0:07:45.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with different sensors these things could\Nbe telephones ah lightning systems ah could
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.02,0:07:50.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be cameras could be different other scanner\Nsensors like ah the temperature sensor and
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.87,0:07:59.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so on and these things are able to communicate\Nwith one another with the help of wireless
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.95,0:08:06.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,technologies like zigbee bluetooth wifi and\Nso on so as you can see that this wireless
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.89,0:08:13.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,basically helps these different devices to\Ntalk to one another and this information from
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.24,0:08:17.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these devices they will fro through a local\Nnetwork and from a local network they will
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.95,0:08:24.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,go through the internet to ah ah to the ah\Nyou know these data are basically sent to
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.05,0:08:30.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the backend services involving different servers\Nprocessors and so on and so forth for running
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.28,0:08:37.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different analytics and then based on that\Ndifferent devices can be actuated ah um ah
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.91,0:08:42.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know ah may be a pump ah this is an example\Nthat i gave earlier in a previous lecture
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.41,0:08:48.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,basically for agricultural purposes the use\Nof iot a pump might be started might be actuated
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.25,0:08:54.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,based on the data that is received from the\Nsensor nodes and based on analytics are run
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.18,0:09:04.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the different servers ah a ah in a that\Nare involved in the backend service processing
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.85,0:09:10.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so in terms of the functional components of\Niot so one of the very important things is
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.64,0:09:16.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,basically interaction interaction not only\Nwith the physical environment by this different
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.90,0:09:23.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sensors but also interaction and communication\Nwith the different devices ah ah ah that means
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.83,0:09:33.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a different nodes in the iot in the iot network\Nthen comes the processing so processing and
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.67,0:09:38.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,analysis of the different functioning and\Nthe operations that taken place so processing
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.71,0:09:47.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of that ah data the processing of operations\Nah so this is another component ah the third
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.47,0:09:54.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,functional component is basically the interaction\Ninteraction typically with the internet ah
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.71,0:09:59.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and because you know at present most of the\Ntimes the most of the iot implementations
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.27,0:10:06.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are still using the internet so it is all\Nyou know internet powered iot implementations
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.18,0:10:12.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so ah internet interaction is a ah is one\Nof the very important ah ah components of
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.74,0:10:18.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ah building iot then we have the web services\Nweb services machine to machine communication
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.47,0:10:22.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so on so basically it what is going to\Nhappen earlier most of the so when you talk
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.38,0:10:26.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about a web technology typically we are talking\Nabout human to machine communication you know
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.86,0:10:32.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,web service we are talking about ah you know\Nah some machine ah ah sending ah or some ah
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.96,0:10:38.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some ah equipment basically sensing and sending\Nthat data to another machine for further processing
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.34,0:10:43.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or machine to machine communication is involved\Nand offering different services so one machine
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.45,0:10:50.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,offer some services to another machine and\Nso on so so like this ah and this is basically
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.66,0:10:56.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know this sort of thing in a iot scenario\Nis taken care of ah ah um ah typically and
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.57,0:11:03.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then we have ah the integration of different\Napplications services and the user interface
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.64,0:11:09.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to access the iot that is another component\Nso there has to be is a user interface a human
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.27,0:11:19.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interface to accessing the iot network or\Nthe iot ah you know mega network so looking
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.38,0:11:27.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at this particular figure i would like to\Ntry to clarify how the iot implementation
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.09,0:11:33.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is typically done and it can be done to achieve\Ndifferent application needs so this is a figure
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.70,0:11:41.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which shows that we have different sensors\Nprocessors and radio it refitted to each of
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.39,0:11:47.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this devices or the sensor nodes or the sensor\Nmotes or the iot motes as you may want to
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.96,0:11:55.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,call them so these motes they talk to one\Nanother but these different sensor nodes these
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.29,0:12:01.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different sensor nodes they are basically\Nwithin the jurisdiction or the domain of the
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.17,0:12:08.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gateway so the gateway is basically tasked\Nto assign different local locally unique addresses
Dialogue: 0,0:12:08.84,0:12:14.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to these different nodes to these different\Niot nodes and the gateway basically takes
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.27,0:12:23.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,care of the local addressing within that particular\Nlocal area network so from the that point
Dialogue: 0,0:12:23.42,0:12:29.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the data can flow through a proxy server\Nif internet access is required so it will
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.89,0:12:34.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,go through the internet then a web socket\Nand from the web socket it goes through a
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.80,0:12:40.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cloud server that means this is where lot\Nof analytics and backend processing takes
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.12,0:12:45.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,place and based on that the actuation based\Non the analytics and the infer ant says that
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.37,0:12:50.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and run from the sensed data actuation of\Ndifferent devices can take place
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.05,0:12:58.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for example lighting a particular lamp could\Nbe the actuation of that particular lamp we
Dialogue: 0,0:12:58.17,0:13:05.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have different interdependencies that are\Nevolved in the implementation of iot so we
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.86,0:13:14.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have if we look at iot from another prospective\Nor we have we have sensors we have actuators
Dialogue: 0,0:13:14.100,0:13:20.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a bunch of other things that are they\Nare in between has shown in this particular
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.81,0:13:28.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,figure so this is basically the entire spend\Nof these different embedded devices so the
Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.83,0:13:38.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sensors basically sense the data and that\Ndata is basically serving the application
Dialogue: 0,0:13:38.47,0:13:45.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,requirements and then we have an operating\Nsystem and a power management unit which basically
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.42,0:13:52.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know does things like duty cycling of\Nthe sensors the how much the sensors ah you
Dialogue: 0,0:13:52.77,0:13:57.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,know how much time we are going to be active\Nor how much time they are going to be in the
Dialogue: 0,0:13:57.07,0:14:02.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sleep state how to power them how to power\Nthem because these are very small sized you
Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.23,0:14:08.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,know very resource staved sensors so ah and\Nthe the basically the power unit in these
Dialogue: 0,0:14:08.91,0:14:16.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sensor nodes these are very small ah in size\Nso basically consequently what happens is
Dialogue: 0,0:14:16.03,0:14:24.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these embedded devices they themselves are\Nvery resource staved so we have ah a very
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.68,0:14:29.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,power management unit which basically takes\Ncare of power management as a whole how much
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.28,0:14:33.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,power is require for how long it is going\Nto power then what are the ways to harvest
Dialogue: 0,0:14:33.92,0:14:39.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,energy if at all it can be harvested and ah\Nhow much power consumption is going to take
Dialogue: 0,0:14:39.03,0:14:45.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,place at different points of time can it be\Ncan it be optimized ah different points of
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.76,0:14:52.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ah operation ah on so on and so forth and\Na as you can see over here there after we
Dialogue: 0,0:14:52.12,0:14:59.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have these different radios involving bluetooth\Nzigbee six low pan wifi ethernet and ah low
Dialogue: 0,0:14:59.09,0:15:04.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,range ah basically wifi ah\Nso these are the different you know radios
Dialogue: 0,0:15:04.30,0:15:12.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that can help ah in communicating the data\Nah that is sensed ah ah ah onward to other
Dialogue: 0,0:15:12.34,0:15:16.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nodes these these basically these [di/different]\Ndifferent radio technologies can help in the
Dialogue: 0,0:15:16.55,0:15:22.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[com/for] for the communication purpose so\Nalongside we also have things like virtual
Dialogue: 0,0:15:22.88,0:15:29.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,machines which the takes care of the virtualization\Nof the nodes we have the web ah we have ah
Dialogue: 0,0:15:29.68,0:15:35.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know different things like http client\Nmqtt client coap client so these are the once
Dialogue: 0,0:15:35.06,0:15:41.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mqtt coap we are going to talk next in in\Nthe ah subsequent lectures so ah ah that will
Dialogue: 0,0:15:41.96,0:15:46.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make our understanding clearance but these\Nare like no different application level ah
Dialogue: 0,0:15:46.26,0:15:52.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protocols that are used for functioning of\Nthese different iot devices and finally comes
Dialogue: 0,0:15:52.62,0:15:58.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the actuator verticals\Nso we have the sensors we have different applications
Dialogue: 0,0:15:58.10,0:16:05.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,operating system power management radios virtual\Nmachines web and then we have these actuators
Dialogue: 0,0:16:05.60,0:16:12.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all together which forms the embedded systems\Nthe embedded devices now you let us now look
Dialogue: 0,0:16:12.25,0:16:21.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the service orientation the service oriented\Narchitecture of ah ah iot so in the iot if
Dialogue: 0,0:16:21.48,0:16:27.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here what we have at these different layers\Nthe sensing layer the network layer the service
Dialogue: 0,0:16:27.27,0:16:33.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,layer and the interface layer so we have four\Ndifferent layers and as the name suggests
Dialogue: 0,0:16:33.47,0:16:40.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sensing layer basically takes care of sensing\Nthrough different rfid tags sensors and so
Dialogue: 0,0:16:40.73,0:16:47.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on so fourth and then data are sensed are\Nacquired and so on are sent to the next layer
Dialogue: 0,0:16:47.36,0:16:54.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,higher up which is the network layer the network\Nlayer basically ah serves sensor networks
Dialogue: 0,0:16:54.08,0:17:00.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,social networks you know different other networks\Nand data bases internet and so on that is
Dialogue: 0,0:17:00.09,0:17:05.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the network layer then what we have we have\Nthe service layer which deals [mo/mostly]
Dialogue: 0,0:17:05.70,0:17:11.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mostly with the service delivery ah such as\Nah service ah division service integration
Dialogue: 0,0:17:11.69,0:17:19.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ah service ah ah you know service repository\Nah service ah logic ah by business logic and
Dialogue: 0,0:17:19.80,0:17:23.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so on so all these different things that i\Ninvolved with the offering of the services
Dialogue: 0,0:17:23.89,0:17:29.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to support the business functions\Nthen we have the interface layer we have the
Dialogue: 0,0:17:29.26,0:17:37.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,application frontend we have ah a contract\Ninterface and application apis so so [these/this]
Dialogue: 0,0:17:37.13,0:17:43.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this becomes the interface layer and when\Nwe have the security issues which basically
Dialogue: 0,0:17:43.34,0:17:54.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,span all these different ah layer verticals\Nah sorry layer horizontals so in terms of
Dialogue: 0,0:17:54.59,0:18:02.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ah ah the categorization of iot it can be\Ncategorized into two one is the consumer iot
Dialogue: 0,0:18:02.12,0:18:08.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is what typically most of the people\Ntempt to use and these are ah here basically
Dialogue: 0,0:18:08.33,0:18:15.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these different devices they communicate ah\Nwith another ah ah ah through these local
Dialogue: 0,0:18:15.29,0:18:19.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,networks and it can be you know find a further\Ncommunication you can also take place over
Dialogue: 0,0:18:19.92,0:18:24.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the internet as well so depending on the requirements\Neither local or ah through the internet then
Dialogue: 0,0:18:24.84,0:18:32.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have the local communication which is typically\Ndone via bluetooth zigbee or wifi and ah so
Dialogue: 0,0:18:32.32,0:18:39.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,basically this local communication is constraint\Nwithin the bounds of or within the domain
Dialogue: 0,0:18:39.55,0:18:46.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the iot gateway so ah this is consumer\Niot then ah we have the industrial iot which
Dialogue: 0,0:18:46.95,0:18:56.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is basically ah ah quite similar to the consumer\Niot but ah the application ah ah uh the application
Dialogue: 0,0:18:56.33,0:19:01.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interest is in the industrial sector\Nso we are talking about manufacturing industries
Dialogue: 0,0:19:01.15,0:19:06.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with different machines with these machines\Nare fitted with different iot devices they
Dialogue: 0,0:19:06.11,0:19:10.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,together become the iot device they have different\Nsensors and so on feature there which can
Dialogue: 0,0:19:10.74,0:19:16.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the node as a whole can communicate with other\Nmachines and so on so this becomes the industrial
Dialogue: 0,0:19:16.17,0:19:22.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,iot and ah basically there are different communication\Nthat takes place between the different nodes
Dialogue: 0,0:19:22.88,0:19:30.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as well as different industry specific technologies\Nnow we talk about iot gateways ah so this
Dialogue: 0,0:19:30.51,0:19:36.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is what i told you that ah in a local network\Nyou have this locally unique addresses ah
Dialogue: 0,0:19:36.57,0:19:43.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that are they are ah within that local\Narea network iot network and so ah ah
Dialogue: 0,0:19:43.51,0:19:49.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so these local addresses basically they take\Ncare of ah ah the addressing of the ah the
Dialogue: 0,0:19:49.52,0:19:55.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different nodes now so what are these gateways\Ndoing so the gateways basically take care
Dialogue: 0,0:19:55.05,0:20:00.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the addressing but then ah in this is what\Nthe gateway structure looks like so this is
Dialogue: 0,0:20:00.88,0:20:07.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ah what ah is here so we have the local network\Non one side of the gateway we have the global
Dialogue: 0,0:20:07.08,0:20:12.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,network on the other side of the gateway and\Nthis is where the the gateway this is how
Dialogue: 0,0:20:12.47,0:20:20.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the gateway looks like so the gateway has\Nah and functions different tasks such as switching
Dialogue: 0,0:20:20.95,0:20:30.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ah routing protocol conversion firewall and\Nvpn services security as a whole and processing
Dialogue: 0,0:20:30.77,0:20:37.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so this is what a gateway does and the gateway\Nwith the local network and the global network
Dialogue: 0,0:20:37.70,0:20:46.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,communicate via the wired or wireless channels\Nah and so on so this is how the iot gateways
Dialogue: 0,0:20:46.84,0:20:55.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,function different associated technologies\Nof iot ah involving big data cloud smart grid
Dialogue: 0,0:20:55.17,0:21:00.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,internet of vehicles ah that means you know\Ndifferent vehicles on the road ah ah are fitted
Dialogue: 0,0:21:00.51,0:21:05.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with different iot devices which can communicate\Nwith one another and different intelligence
Dialogue: 0,0:21:05.12,0:21:11.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the route traffic conditions about the\Noffering different ah road side services ah
Dialogue: 0,0:21:11.52,0:21:16.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ah can be make possible with the help of internet\Nof vehicles then we have the machine to machine
Dialogue: 0,0:21:16.89,0:21:20.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,communication where one machine talks to another\Nwithout any human intervention
Dialogue: 0,0:21:20.55,0:21:26.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have telemedicine ah offering ah you know\Noffering health care services to the demote
Dialogue: 0,0:21:26.64,0:21:32.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hospitals demote health care centers and so\Non ah cps server physical systems we have
Dialogue: 0,0:21:32.30,0:21:38.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,three g four g five g we have ah sdn ah and\Nso on so these are the different associated
Dialogue: 0,0:21:38.41,0:21:46.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,technologies which together ah make ah ah\Nah iot which together are used to ah deliver
Dialogue: 0,0:21:46.76,0:21:54.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,iot solutions now you know if we try to to\Nmake a side by side comparison between ah
Dialogue: 0,0:21:54.32,0:22:01.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the iot stack and web stack we will see that\Nmore or less the application layers remain
Dialogue: 0,0:22:01.18,0:22:08.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the same for both iot as well as the as well\Nas the web so conceptually these application
Dialogue: 0,0:22:08.14,0:22:13.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,layers these different layers communication\Nlayers and application layers that communication
Dialogue: 0,0:22:13.01,0:22:20.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,layers remaining the same between iot and\Nweb but what is different is that we have
Dialogue: 0,0:22:20.64,0:22:28.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a new set of protocols that are used over\Nhere so the new set of protocols and additionally
Dialogue: 0,0:22:28.15,0:22:35.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in iot unlike in the case of web things such\Nas different types of management management
Dialogue: 0,0:22:35.12,0:22:42.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the network management of the power management\Nof different other resources these are all
Dialogue: 0,0:22:42.43,0:22:51.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,additionally taken care of in the iot node\Nah in the iot stack ah which is not available
Dialogue: 0,0:22:51.58,0:22:58.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the case of the web and this is very much\Nrequired because you know in the case of iot
Dialogue: 0,0:22:58.23,0:23:02.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are talking about heavily resource constraint\Nnodes and this heavily resource constraint
Dialogue: 0,0:23:02.48,0:23:08.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nodes basically required management network\Nmanagement in terms of energy in terms of
Dialogue: 0,0:23:08.32,0:23:14.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,processing in terms of data and so on and\Nso forth
Dialogue: 0,0:23:14.88,0:23:22.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so there are different key technologies that\Nbasically help iot survive we have the future
Dialogue: 0,0:23:22.65,0:23:29.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,internet knowledge aggregation yeah obtain\Nthrough data assignation data data collection
Dialogue: 0,0:23:29.34,0:23:35.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,processing and ah analysis then we have the\Ndifferent standards we have the sensor networks
Dialogue: 0,0:23:35.75,0:23:41.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have the communication we have cloud computing\Nwe have discovery services nanoelectronics
Dialogue: 0,0:23:41.25,0:23:47.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,embedded systems software system integration\Nand last but not the least what is over here
Dialogue: 0,0:23:47.39,0:23:53.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on top is the security on privacy issues so\Nsecurity on privacy issues are per amount
Dialogue: 0,0:23:53.08,0:23:58.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in iot because there are heavy concerns ah\Nbecause you know we are dealing with resource
Dialogue: 0,0:23:58.51,0:24:04.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,constraint nodes with communication constraints\Nbandwidth constraints processing constraints
Dialogue: 0,0:24:04.40,0:24:11.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,energy constraints and so on so these nodes\Nbecome very much valuably valuable to different
Dialogue: 0,0:24:11.40,0:24:17.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,type of attacks different types of security\Nbreaches and also because iot systems are
Dialogue: 0,0:24:17.71,0:24:22.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very much detail intensive there is lot of\Ninformation that frozen through the network
Dialogue: 0,0:24:22.75,0:24:29.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a consequence of which the privacy of the\Nindividuals of the organizations might be
Dialogue: 0,0:24:29.62,0:24:34.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at stack so security and privacy and trust\Nalso which is not mentioned over here these
Dialogue: 0,0:24:34.15,0:24:43.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are very much important ah to power iot technologies\Nthere are different types of challenges securities
Dialogue: 0,0:24:43.49,0:24:50.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scalability energy efficiency bandwidth management\Ninterfacing interoperability
Dialogue: 0,0:24:50.03,0:24:54.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so when we are talking about interfacing it\Nis typically we are referring to device interfacing
Dialogue: 0,0:24:54.10,0:24:59.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so different you know one device ah talking\Nto another device may be these devices do
Dialogue: 0,0:24:59.39,0:25:03.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not belong to the same vender they are not\Nrunning the same stack they are not following
Dialogue: 0,0:25:03.59,0:25:08.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the same standard and so on so then comes\Nconsequently then comes the interoperability
Dialogue: 0,0:25:08.26,0:25:13.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,issue how to make these devices talk to one\Nanother how the different protocols the different
Dialogue: 0,0:25:13.82,0:25:18.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,devices the different algorithms they are\Ngoing to hand shake with one another so like
Dialogue: 0,0:25:18.97,0:25:23.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this this is another challenge which is typical\Nof iot implementations then we have data storage
Dialogue: 0,0:25:23.95,0:25:29.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an analytics and complexity management with\Ntools such as sdn so asdn basically helps
Dialogue: 0,0:25:29.58,0:25:37.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in ah addressing the com ah the complexity\Nof ah systems by decupling ah the control
Dialogue: 0,0:25:37.04,0:25:44.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plane from the detect plane of the networks\Ndifferent considerations and they are for
Dialogue: 0,0:25:44.57,0:25:51.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,building iot one is that will to have a straight\Nnetwork architecture which can be used by
Dialogue: 0,0:25:51.90,0:25:58.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different iot implementations so there has\Nto be a governing network architecture number
Dialogue: 0,0:25:58.33,0:26:05.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two hardware requirements and cost are important\Nah you know what type of communication hardware
Dialogue: 0,0:26:05.02,0:26:11.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are going to be used ah and different devices\Nin the costs that are involved and due to
Dialogue: 0,0:26:11.52,0:26:16.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the presence of numerous applications of iot\Nenabled devices a single networking platform
Dialogue: 0,0:26:16.85,0:26:21.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,may not be sufficient to address and the needs\Nof the consumer or the iot device
Dialogue: 0,0:26:21.91,0:26:27.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so this is another the third consideration\Nthat has to be taken into ah ah account while
Dialogue: 0,0:26:27.67,0:26:33.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,building the iot systems then we have the\Ncomplexity of the networks ah you know if
Dialogue: 0,0:26:33.34,0:26:38.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the number of nodes in the network increases\Nthen whether the in the solution because if
Dialogue: 0,0:26:38.15,0:26:45.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the system is going to be ah ah you know sustainable\Nwhether it can be scaled up or not ah then
Dialogue: 0,0:26:45.39,0:26:49.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have the interface among ah interference\Namong the different devices this is very watch
Dialogue: 0,0:26:49.93,0:26:56.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in vital in ah in any network interference\Nis ah a crucial issue and particularly iot
Dialogue: 0,0:26:56.54,0:27:04.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,networks involve lot of large number of typically\Ndensely deployed nodes and these nodes because
Dialogue: 0,0:27:04.83,0:27:12.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the at you know typically ah wireless power\Nah by wifi or bluetooth or zigbee and so on
Dialogue: 0,0:27:12.18,0:27:17.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so interference between these different ah\Nah communication between these different nodes
Dialogue: 0,0:27:17.17,0:27:22.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that at the ah corresponding radios and so\Non is possible so how do you handle it network
Dialogue: 0,0:27:22.21,0:27:28.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,management as a whole as i was tell in earlier\Ninvolving ah you know energy management involving
Dialogue: 0,0:27:28.33,0:27:34.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,computation management involving communication\Nmanagement involving service management and
Dialogue: 0,0:27:34.42,0:27:39.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,infrastructure management and so on so network\Nmanagement as a whole then heterogeneity in
Dialogue: 0,0:27:39.42,0:27:45.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the networks heterogeneity in terms of the\Ndevices standards the protocols the algorithms
Dialogue: 0,0:27:45.58,0:27:51.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so on so how do you handle\Nbecause iot devices unlike traditional internet
Dialogue: 0,0:27:51.47,0:27:58.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,iot networks come in different ah you know\Ncome from different venders different devices
Dialogue: 0,0:27:58.60,0:28:05.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coming from different venders different devices\Nusing different algorithms these different
Dialogue: 0,0:28:05.20,0:28:11.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protocols being used and so on so so all these\Nah basically invite ah dealing with the issue
Dialogue: 0,0:28:11.91,0:28:16.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of heterogeneity lot of heterogeneity is involves\Nso how heterogeneity is taken care of and
Dialogue: 0,0:28:16.03,0:28:21.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protocol organization and standardization\Nso ah within the network so how the different
Dialogue: 0,0:28:21.37,0:28:26.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protocols can be standardized ah so that a\Ndevice running one protocol can talk to another
Dialogue: 0,0:28:26.79,0:28:35.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,device and so on the different wireless networks\Nare used issues such as traffic management
Dialogue: 0,0:28:35.13,0:28:41.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,load management ah then variations in the\Ndifferent wireless network forms for example
Dialogue: 0,0:28:41.72,0:28:46.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wireless [pa/personal] personal area network\Nw turn versus wireless body area network interoperability
Dialogue: 0,0:28:46.31,0:28:52.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i have already mentioned just a while back\Nthen network management and overlay network
Dialogue: 0,0:28:52.01,0:28:57.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so ah ah so basically you know the overlay\Nnetwork takes care of some kind of a virtualization
Dialogue: 0,0:28:57.19,0:29:02.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the physical devices on you know so ah\Nand and one type of this physical virtual
Dialogue: 0,0:29:02.57,0:29:07.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,devices and the networks and overlay is created\Nthis is basically the overlay network
Dialogue: 0,0:29:07.47,0:29:13.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scalability in involving flexibility within\Nthe internet ah then integration of different
Dialogue: 0,0:29:13.45,0:29:19.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,iot devices there are many manufactured using\Ndifferent standards may be in the using different
Dialogue: 0,0:29:19.07,0:29:26.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ah you know vender specific ah ah protocols\Nah so iot integration ah is ah a very complex
Dialogue: 0,0:29:26.52,0:29:32.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,issue ah which basically dictates the scalability\Nof the system large scale deployment issues
Dialogue: 0,0:29:32.64,0:29:41.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ah and real time connectivity of billion centurions\Nof devices with this we come to an end of
Dialogue: 0,0:29:41.77,0:29:48.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ah this lecture on ah ah on the basics of\Niot networking ah um ah but this is just a
Dialogue: 0,0:29:48.46,0:29:54.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,first part we are going to cover ah many other\Nah issues involving ah the networking aspects
Dialogue: 0,0:29:54.49,0:30:01.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of iot in the subsequent lectures and from\Nah there we can understand from this subsequent
Dialogue: 0,0:30:01.22,0:30:09.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lectures we can understand how forming an\Niot is very complex what are the different
Dialogue: 0,0:30:09.01,0:30:13.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protocols individual protocols that are how\Nthey are did may not be a single isolated
Dialogue: 0,0:30:13.77,0:30:20.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or or a single ah thread head let us say ah\Num ah one protocol ah for iot as a whole but
Dialogue: 0,0:30:20.70,0:30:25.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there as all these individual protocols settled\Nthere so how that can be taken care of and
Dialogue: 0,0:30:25.10,0:30:31.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for how can architecture be sent up between\Nthese different iot devices manufactured by
Dialogue: 0,0:30:31.52,0:30:35.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different venders so these like this actually\Nthere are different complexities that i have
Dialogue: 0,0:30:35.72,0:30:39.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,involved so we have really talk about that\Nin the subsequent lectures
Dialogue: 0,0:30:39.09,0:00:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thank you