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Hello. I'd like to speak with you today
about creating a compressed folder in

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Windows 7. Before I do that, however, I'd
like to talk a little bit about

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compression. First of all, as you know,
everything on the computer is

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represented in bits. Everything is
reducible to zeros and ones -- and by

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"everything," I mean text files. I mean
programs. I mean audio. I mean video. To

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give you an example, Paint stores images
as bitmaps. Each canvas is made up of a

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certain number of pixels across and down. Each pixel can be a single color. One pixel

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can be red or it can be blue, but it
can't be partly red and partly blue. If

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you're dealing with a monochrome image
such as we have here, you really only

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have two choices: black or white. Two
choices can be represented by a single

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bit; for example, zero might represent white, one might represent black. So in an

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uncompressed format, ordinarily this
might be stored as lots and lots and

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lots of zeros to represent all of this
white, still more zeros more zeros more

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zeros, then three black or three -- we've
got three black pixels here, so we've got

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three ones, a lot more zeros to represent
all this white. Five ones in a row to

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represent this next line down -- five black
squares, lots and lots of white squares,

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lots more zeros and so on. Imagine,
however if instead of having to store 00

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000 -- a thousand zeros followed by a few
ones followed by a thousand more zeros

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followed by maybe 25 ones, imagine
instead of having to take all those bits

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for that, you had some special way of
saying repeat 0 a thousand times.That

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special way of representing a thousand
zeros would take less space than

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representing the series with a thousand
bits. This would be an example of a very

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simple compression algorithm using this special repeating symbol. Now

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in actual practice, the compression
algorithms are far more complex, but this

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gives you a feel for how it might be
possible to represent the exact same

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information in less space. Windows makes it possible to save files of various

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types using less space with its built-in
compression. You can create a compressed

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folder and then put files into it and
the files -- depending on what is in them --

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may very well take up less space; it might be just a little less space, it might be a lot

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less space. So for example this "Psych
notes" is nineteen thousand bytes, more or

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less, of text. To create a compressed
folder, I could right-click on an empty

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spot in this pane just as I would to
create a regular folder, and -- again, just

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as with a regular folder -- I can go to "New," but if instead of choosing "Folder," I

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choose "Compressed zipped folder," I will
create a compressed folder. I can then

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give this compressed folder any name
that I like, such as "Notes" (because i'm

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going to be putting my notes in here). I
click outside of that area to deselect

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"Notes." I'm then going to right-drag and
drop my "Psych notes" on to my "Notes"

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folder. By right-dragging rather than
dragging, I can choose whether I wish to

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copy the "Psych notes" or to move them. "Copy" is bold, so that's the default. In

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point of fact, I do wish to copy; I'm
going to choose "Copy" here. Now you'll

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notice that I've got my original "Psych
notes" that is 19 kilobytes. My compressed

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folder is 11 kilobytes; it's a lot
smaller. If I open up my compressed

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folder, I can see a "Psych notes" listed in
here, and I can double click on the "Psych

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notes." When I do that, you see that Word
opens in read-only mode; that's one of

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the disadvantages of compression -- we
don't just compress everything that

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we're working with partly because if we
want to make any sort of changes,

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we're going to be having to
extract the file from our compressed

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folder. We're going to have to decompress
the file -- restore to the original size --

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make changes, and then we could put the
modified file back into a compressed

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folder, if we wished. The other downside
of working with a compressed object is

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that it's going to take a little bit
longer to do any sort of processing, but

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if I do wish to extract this file again,
if I just want to open it I could choose

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to open it here. If I come up to the
folder above my compressed folder so I

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can see the compressed folder, I can
right-click on it and choose to "Extract

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All." I'm going to be asked where would
you like to place the extracted file,

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and by default it will be
placed in the same folder as the one that

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contains the compressed folder. So I'll
leave the default here. I'm not going to

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browse to any different location, and I
don't want to see the extracted files

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when complete. I'll just say "Extract," and
now you'll see we have a new,

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uncompressed folder called "Notes." The compressed one has an icon

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that has a zipper on it; regular folders
do not have the zipper. If you are

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showing your file types, compressed
folders have the file type or the

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extension of "zip." Uncompressed ones
don't have any visible extension. So what

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are the main points with creating a
compressed folder and using it? To create

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it, you can right-click on a blank part
of the window-->New-->Compressed (zipped)

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Folder. Give it whatever name you'd like.
Place in it anything that you'd like to

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have compressed. When you wish to make use of the items. if you just want to see

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the contents, you don't want to make any
changes, you're not doing anything all

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that extensive, you can work with the
compressed version. If you do wish to

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make changes, you do wish to do
extensive processing, you're going to be

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needing to right-click on the folder and
choose "Extract All."

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If you don't wish to extract everything,
another thing you could do is you could

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come into the folder copy the item that
you wish to extract. If I had 10

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different items in here and I only wished
to extract the "Psych notes," I could

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right- click on psych notes and choose "Copy," go wherever I like to paste it,

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right-click and choose "Paste." Now I already have a file of this name -- my original

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file-- in here, so Windows has asked me
what do I want to do: Do I

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really wish to replace the original with
a copy, do I wish to say "Don't copy," or

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I'm going to copy but keep both files,

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and in theory I should be seeing a
second copy in here. I'm not sure why I'm

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not, but in theory I should be. Okay I'm
not sure why I hadn't been seeing the

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second copy; I just refreshed the screen
and now you can see the second copy.

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Thank you very much. Goodbye