[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.29,0:00:05.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(electronic music)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.37,0:00:07.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Narrator] Computer\Nscientist Leonard Kleinrock
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.67,0:00:10.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,arrived at UCLA in 1963
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.54,0:00:13.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fresh from receiving his PhD from MIT.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.75,0:00:15.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kleinrock's research\Nwas on data networking
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.99,0:00:17.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and packet switching.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.84,0:00:20.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Well, the underlying\Ntechnology of the internet
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.02,0:00:21.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is packet switching.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.61,0:00:25.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the way your messages,\Nyour videos, your voice,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.01,0:00:27.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your pictures, your data are transmitted
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.28,0:00:29.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in little chunks called packets.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.72,0:00:32.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So a long messages broken\Nup into smaller packets,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.36,0:00:36.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,each packet is addressed\Nand sent through the network
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.01,0:00:39.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like a bunch of postcards\Ncarrying a long letter
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.43,0:00:42.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,independently making their\Nway through the network
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.92,0:00:45.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,arriving at the other end,\Nbeing put back together again
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.89,0:00:48.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and delivered to you as an entity,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.09,0:00:49.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a longer message.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.94,0:00:52.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Narrator] In the late 1960s
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.35,0:00:54.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Advanced Research Project Agency
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.55,0:00:57.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,decided that UCLA under\NKleinrock's leadership
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.62,0:01:00.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would become the first\Nnode of the ARPANET,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.11,0:01:02.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a fledgling network of computers connected
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.74,0:01:06.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to various research\Nuniversities across the country.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.40,0:01:10.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first switch known as an\Ninterface message processor
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.13,0:01:13.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,arrived on Labor Day weekend, 1969.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.59,0:01:16.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The switch was connected\Nto a host computer at UCLA
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.86,0:01:18.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on September 2nd.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.86,0:01:21.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- You might say at September 2nd
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.44,0:01:25.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that infant internet, that one node
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.60,0:01:29.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,took its first breath of\Nlife in that it was born
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.23,0:01:31.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and met the outside world
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.20,0:01:33.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which was in the form of\Nour time-shared computer.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.97,0:01:36.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But one node does not make a network.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.19,0:01:38.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Narrator] One month later,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.08,0:01:39.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a second switch was delivered to
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.65,0:01:41.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Stanford Research Institute.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.83,0:01:45.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then on October 29th, 1969,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.51,0:01:49.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right here at UCLA on the\N3rd floor of Boelter Hall
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.49,0:01:51.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kleinrock's group attempted\Nto log into the node
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.97,0:01:54.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at Stanford Research Institute.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.40,0:01:57.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This would be the first\Nmessage sent on the internet.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.03,0:02:01.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Now to login we have to type L-O-G
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.88,0:02:03.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the remote computer is smart enough
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.50,0:02:04.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to know what we're trying to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.67,0:02:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It types the I-N for us.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.63,0:02:11.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I had Charlie Klein\Nat my end and Mr. Duval
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.55,0:02:13.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the other end, programmers,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.54,0:02:16.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and instructed Charlie\Nto type in the L-O-G
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.01,0:02:18.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he had a telephone\Nconnection with Duval.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.64,0:02:20.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Charlie typed L, he said,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.44,0:02:21.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Did you get the L?"
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.77,0:02:23.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Yep, got the L."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.37,0:02:25.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Typed the O, "Got the O?"
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.47,0:02:26.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Got the O."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.43,0:02:27.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Typed the G, "Get the G?"
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.40,0:02:29.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(clap hands)\NCrash!
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.15,0:02:31.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The SRI computer crashed.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.51,0:02:36.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the first message ever\Non the internet was lo.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.32,0:02:38.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As in, lo and behold.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.56,0:02:41.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We didn't plan it but we\Ncould not have come up with
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.13,0:02:42.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a better message.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.61,0:02:46.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Short, prophetic, planning\Nwhat the future would be.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.20,0:02:48.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Narrator] In the early\Ndays of the internet.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.93,0:02:51.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kleinrock directed the\NNetwork Measurement Center
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.30,0:02:53.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at UCLA Engineering,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.03,0:02:55.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,designed to test, measure and stress
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.13,0:02:57.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the limits of the emerging network.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.52,0:02:59.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- We tried to break the network.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.60,0:03:02.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We sent lots of traffic\Nto individual sites.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.35,0:03:04.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We sucked up a lot of traffic ourselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.87,0:03:09.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We basically tried to send\Nstrange messages, heavy messages,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.37,0:03:11.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to test the outer envelope of the network.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.85,0:03:13.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was our job.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.09,0:03:13.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we did.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.92,0:03:16.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We found that just what\Nthe network was capable of,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.05,0:03:17.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where it would break,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.07,0:03:20.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what we would need to\Nextend its capabilities.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.29,0:03:22.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Narrator] In 45 years at UCLA,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.69,0:03:26.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Leonard Kleinrock has\Ngraduated 47 PhD students
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.59,0:03:28.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and more are still in the pipeline.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.18,0:03:33.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Getting a PhD is learning\Nhow to do research.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.86,0:03:38.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, as their mentor,\Nas their supervisor
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.03,0:03:40.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's my responsibility\Nto make sure they have
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.83,0:03:43.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the right approach to doing research.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.63,0:03:45.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We must teach our students
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.25,0:03:47.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to take a longterm view on research,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.82,0:03:50.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not a short-term, narrow view,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.65,0:03:54.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but a longterm, broad view, innovative,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.21,0:03:56.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dangerous and exciting.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.25,0:03:59.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the kind of mentality\Nyou want to carry on
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.85,0:04:01.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,generation after generation.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.40,0:04:03.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Narrator] For his pioneering work
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.53,0:04:06.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the technological\Nfoundation of the internet
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.32,0:04:07.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and for mentoring generations
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.93,0:04:10.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of outstanding computer scientists,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.42,0:04:13.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Leonard Kleinrock received\Nthe National Medal of Science
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.35,0:04:15.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in September, 2008.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.56,0:04:18.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The metal is the nation's\Nhighest scientific honor.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.07,0:04:23.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For more than 40 years, UCLA\Nprofessor Leonard Kleinrock
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.08,0:04:27.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has been a leader, an innovator,\Na scholar and a mentor
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.50,0:04:29.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the computer science field.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.60,0:04:32.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His pioneering internet\Nwork at UCLA Engineering
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.70,0:04:36.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has a global reach and will\Nhave a long-lasting impact.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.54,0:04:41.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The UCLA Henry Samueli\NSchool of Engineering
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.31,0:04:44.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Applied Science, the\Nbirthplace of the internet.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.33,0:04:48.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(electronic music ends)