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Good morning

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Dear respected Thay, dear brothers [br]and sisters and dear friends

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Today is Sunday the 18th of December[br]in the year 2016

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and we are in the New Hamlet.

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In this winter retreat we are looking [br]at the Noble Eightfold Path.

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Today i would like to share with you [br]a little bit about right livelihood.

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Last week Brother Phap Lai [br]spoke about right action

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and mentioned something about [br]Right Livelihood and monastics,

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so as I sat down here,[br]that thought came to me,

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Am I practicing right livelihood,[br]right now?

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In my mind I see the Buddha [br]going out on alms round

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receiving alms to be nourished

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and the Buddha will offer the Dharma

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there is an exchange of dana and Dharma.

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I guess I am continuing,

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we are all continuing [br]the career of the Buddha

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and the Buddha practices Right Livelihood

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offering Dharma for dana

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so i guess that I'm practicing [br]Right Livelihood.

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It is possible for monastics

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So, the Noble Eightfold Path.

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There are times,

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the Noble Eightfold Path is at times [br]presented in three groups

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One group for ethics, “Sila”,

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one group for “Samadhi”, [br]concentration

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and one group for “Prajna”, insight.

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Sila, or the mindfulness trainings

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Thay teaches us that [br]the mindfulness trainings

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are a very concrete [br]expression of mindfulness

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and the logo of Plum Village is [br]Smrthi, which is mindfulness,

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Samadhi, concentration, Prajna, insight.

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So, I would like to start [br]with sharing with you

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how the eight elements [br]of the Noble Eightfold Path

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are divided up in those three groups.

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Maybe I'll write them on the board

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Big and small inter-are

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Right view, right livelihood

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One, or two? One.

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Mindfulness

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Usually we present them in a circle

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So, for ethics we have Right View [br]and Right Thinking

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Sila

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excuse me,

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I'm trying to look at the paper [br]instead of looking into my mind

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Right Speech, Right Action, [br]Right Livelihood is ethics, Sila

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Right Concentration, Right Mindfulness, [br]Right Effort

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is Right Concentration, samadhi

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Right View, Right Thinking [br]is Prajna, insight,

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When our way of living is ethical,

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if it goes in the direction of [br]non-violence for ourselves and others

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we feel joyful, we have energy,[br]we're happy

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And this is very easy [br]for ourselves to check.

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Right Speech for instance.

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If the first thing we said to the person [br]we met in the morning,

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was kind, loving, understanding,[br]you feel well

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and we go to work,[br]we feel happy and joyful

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When we feel happy and joyful,[br]it's very easy to concentrate,

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to have concentration.

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When we have concentration,[br]we can look deeply and we get insight.

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If the first thing we say [br]when we get up in the morning,

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makes another person feel awful,[br]we will also feel awful

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we may go to work but somewhere [br]in the depths of our mind

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is this uneasy feeling.

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We have concentration, but it may [br]not be the same kind of concentration

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as when we're happy and at ease

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When we look at this path, [br]the Noble Eightfold Path

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we can ask the question where to enter

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What is the entry [br]into the Noble Eightfold path?

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Mindfulness,

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that's the door through [br]which we enter the Noble Eightfold path

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When we practice mindfulness, [br]we're bringing our mind home to our body.

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There is a saying that goes [br]'working from home'

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I like to think about 'living from home'

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I bring my mind home to my body,

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and I live from that place of being aware.

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When we go back to ourselves,[br]bring our mind home to our body,

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we will notice what is happening [br]inside of us and around us

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and we will have the clarity and calm [br]in order to know how to respond

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to what is happening inside of us [br]and around us.

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Not just around us,[br]in our direct environment

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but also to the world and society at large

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So let's practice with the bell

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and do exactly that,[br]bring our mind home to our body

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and we will be able to find out

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what is happening inside of us,

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what are we doing, body and mind

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and how are we doing it.

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Two aspects, what and how

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So, make yourself comfortable

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bring your mind home to your body

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to sort of sink into the present moment.

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Just become aware of what is happening [br]inside of us, in our body and mind

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To stop being carried away [br]by our thinking,

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our feelings, our emotions,

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and coming home to our body,

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is the foundation of our practice [br]of the Noble Eightfold Path

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Traditionally, Right Livelihood

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is described as having a profession

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that does not harm human beings, [br]animals, nature, mother earth

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It doesn't cause any harm, [br]physically or mentally, morally

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which means not to deal in weapons,[br]this is how it's mentioned.

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Not to slaughter animals [br]for consumption and meat,

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not to deal in poisons or drugs,

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no human trafficking for instance

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and today I would like to look [br]a little bit at Right Livelihood

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in the light of our mindfulness trainings

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We have the five mindfulness trainings

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and the 14 mindfulness trainings [br]of the Order of Interbeing.

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Right Livelihood is,

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looking at how we're making [br]a contribution to the world

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how do we interact [br]with the world at large?

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Also, looking to see and to become aware[br]of the impact we have on the world

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so that we can go in the direction [br]of non-violence

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not harming ourselves, others, [br]animals, mother nature.

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We practice being responsible [br]citizens and consumers

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So, Right Livelihood

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There are two calligraphies by Thay

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that, for me, express very beautifully [br]

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the state of mind that helps us to go [br]in the direction of Right Livelihood

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and one is: “You have enough”

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I think we can all see [br]how that relates to Right Livelihood

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as well as:[br]“Happiness is not an individual matter”

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We have enough,

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we do not take more [br]from others and from mother nature

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and we do not take more from others [br]and mother nature than we need,

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and we share what we have with others [br]you don't take what belongs to them.

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These two calligraphies help us [br]to look deeply into our Livelihood

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When we look at [br]the five mindfulness trainings,

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they give us guidelines [br]for our actions of body, speech

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Throughout the day we make many choices

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what to do, what not to do, [br]what to say, what not to say

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what to buy, what not to buy, [br]where to go or not to go

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how to go, how not to go.

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We make choices throughout the day, [br]the whole time.

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The five mindfulness trainings are [br]a very good point of reference,

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a guidance for us, to make choices

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that enhance not only our own well-being

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but also the well-being of others [br]as well as the mother earth.

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So, the first mindfulness training[br]has the name “reverence for life”

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we practice protecting life.

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The second one is "true happiness"

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we practice sharing our time and energy

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with others and material resources.

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"True love,"[br]to live in a committed relationship

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we practice deep listening and loving [br]speech to keep our relationships happy.

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And "mindful consumption" as nourishment [br]and healing for healthy living

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The 14 mindfulness trainings [br]of the order of Interbeing

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reflect the Noble Eightfold Path.

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The Noble Eightfold Path,

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when we write them in a list,

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they start usually with the mind.

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Right View, Right Thinking

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and the 14 mindfulness trainings [br]also start with the mind.

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We have seven mindfulness trainings

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that are related to our mind.

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I pull out the book

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I will read some of that a little later.

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The first three mindfulness trainings [br]of the order of Interbeing

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speak about our attitude of mind[br]what kind of attitude do we have.

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The first one is "openness", [br]we call it openness

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and that is not to be bound [br]to any doctrine.

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So many wars have been waged [br]because of doctrines

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that we hold on to for many, many decades

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so doctrines or ideologies.

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The second one is [br]"non-attachment to views"

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to be open to other people's [br]views and opinions,

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to be inclusive

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to go in a direction [br]of the collective insight.

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The third one is "freedom of thought"

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we do not impose our views onto others.

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Everyone has the right to look deeply [br]and to decide for themselves

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what to do, how to be, what to choose [br]what to believe, what to believe

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freedom of thought.

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When you look into [br]this mindfulness training

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we see also that a lot of suffering [br]has been caused

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by not allowing others to choose[br]what to believe.

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And the fourth and the seventh,

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they speak about a personal practice.

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We learn to take care of our suffering

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to look deeply into our suffering

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and look into the suffering of the world.

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And for the fifth,[br]we go in the direction of healthy living

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and for the sixth, [br]we take care of our mind.

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These are our own personal practices

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like we take care of anger for instance

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and that can be anger, irritation

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upset

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so we take care of our anger

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And the seventh, how we can dwell[br]happily in the present moment

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and the eighth and the ninth are [br]about communion and communication

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and truthful and loving speech.

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It's about interactions that we have [br]with others

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and the tenth trough the 14th [br]are for acting in society.

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We protect and nourish the Sangha.

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To bring about a change in society [br]we need the sangha, we can't do it alone

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so a sangha is a precious jewel[br]it's a place of refuge

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it's where we get the support.

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We all know already that we may be [br]on this path of mindfulness

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and when we go home, we look for others [br]who also practice the same thing

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because standing alone in society [br]is not so easy

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but having a sangha to practice with,

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we're able to stand by the choices [br]we make in our life.

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As a sangha, we can do it.

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The 11th mindfulness training [br]speaks of Right Livelihood

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The 12th about reverence for life

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The 13th about generosity

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and the 14 about Right Conduct,[br]about our intimate relationships,

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true love.

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When we look at the Noble Eightfold Path,[br]we'll find the 14 mindfulness trainings

0:27:08.280,0:27:10.721
when you look at [br]the 14 mindfulness trainings

0:27:10.721,0:27:13.955
you'll find all the elements [br]of the Noble Eightfold Path

0:27:17.911,0:27:20.017
we're looking into [br]the mindfulness trainings

0:27:20.349,0:27:23.676
so we can understand ourselves better.

0:27:24.874,0:27:27.960
We all want to go [br]in the direction of happiness

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not only for ourselves but for all others.

0:27:33.023,0:27:36.611
And looking into ourselves in the light [br]of the five mindfulness trainings

0:27:37.369,0:27:40.735
we can see how we can...

0:27:46.760,0:27:48.390
enhance our practice

0:27:48.567,0:27:54.061
of going in a direction [br]of non-violence and true happiness.

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Right Livelihood is expressed [br]also in the way we think,

0:28:10.231,0:28:14.721
and in the way we speak and [br]how we spend our time and energy.

0:28:29.473,0:28:33.254
At this point I'd like to read [br]the 11th mindfulness training

0:28:37.145,0:28:38.673
Right Livelihood

0:28:42.265,0:28:44.853
“Aware that great violence and injustice

0:28:45.198,0:28:48.094
has been done to our environment [br]and society,

0:28:49.754,0:28:52.687
we are committed [br]not to live with a vocation

0:28:52.856,0:28:55.432
that is harmful to humans and nature.

0:28:58.325,0:29:01.010
We will do our best to select a livelihood

0:29:01.168,0:29:04.378
that contributes to the well-being [br]of all species on earth

0:29:05.491,0:29:09.956
and helps realize our ideal [br]of understanding and compassion.

0:29:12.089,0:29:17.150
Aware of economic, political and [br]social realities around the world

0:29:18.289,0:29:23.344
as well as our interrelationship [br]with the ecosystem,

0:29:24.200,0:29:30.090
we are determined to behave responsibly[br]as consumers and as citizens.

0:29:32.263,0:29:36.053
We will not invest in, [br]or purchase from companies

0:29:36.860,0:29:40.937
that contribute to the depletion [br]of Natural Resources,

0:29:42.084,0:29:46.590
harm the earth and deprive others [br]of their chance to live.”

0:29:53.850,0:29:56.836
So, in this training [br]we see very clearly that

0:29:58.225,0:30:02.103
it is not just what we do, [br]as a profession

0:30:04.058,0:30:07.091
but also, how do we live,

0:30:09.705,0:30:12.121
what are the choices that we make.

0:30:15.041,0:30:17.755
As i said before, choices that may,

0:30:23.970,0:30:26.782
choices that support others [br]in their livelihood

0:30:30.188,0:30:34.543
For instance if we are a teacher

0:30:35.312,0:30:37.842
we have the heart...

0:30:43.360,0:30:46.004
to nurture our students

0:30:46.797,0:30:50.630
in a way that will give rise [br]to compassion and understanding in them

0:30:52.335,0:30:55.110
and we can say we have Right Livelihood.

0:30:57.357,0:31:02.362
Then afterwards, we go to the supermarket [br]and we put things in our basket

0:31:04.059,0:31:10.452
we may use products that have chemicals [br]that pollute the environment

0:31:12.297,0:31:15.648
and as long as we put those articles [br]in our basket

0:31:17.223,0:31:19.067
they will be produced.

0:31:20.177,0:31:27.900
So in that way, we are supporting [br]the livelihood of someone else

0:31:29.393,0:31:32.838
that pollutes the environment

0:31:33.762,0:31:35.877
and when we look at that way

0:31:36.781,0:31:39.111
the choices we make in our life

0:31:43.397,0:31:50.065
we can clearly see that Right Livelihood [br]is not an individual matter.

0:31:51.593,0:31:53.829
It is a collective matter

0:31:54.309,0:31:56.495
and if we want to bring about a change

0:31:56.984,0:31:59.750
then we need a collective awakening.

0:32:03.710,0:32:07.125
Maybe we can have a bell [br]before we continue?

0:32:58.869,0:33:03.599
All our actions of body of speech of mind[br]have an effect on other people

0:33:05.228,0:33:11.933
so when we go to work, go to the office [br]or wherever we may be working

0:33:13.480,0:33:18.585
the way we interact with others [br]has an effect on others

0:33:21.263,0:33:26.452
so we can practice Right Livelihood[br]to the way we speak.

0:33:29.680,0:33:33.697
If we speak from understanding [br]and compassion

0:33:37.586,0:33:42.352
others will build up trust in us.

0:33:43.271,0:33:46.613
They will be able to listen to us

0:33:49.648,0:33:52.375
they will open up to us

0:33:52.568,0:33:56.516
and they may see how we live.

0:33:57.266,0:34:00.697
They may become aware [br]of what choices we make

0:34:05.325,0:34:09.183
and this may inspire them [br]to look at their choices.

0:34:16.855,0:34:20.024
When we practice being open to their views

0:34:21.979,0:34:25.441
to allow them to believe [br]what they want to believe,

0:34:28.555,0:34:31.918
all that is part of Right Livelihood.

0:34:33.807,0:34:37.990
Right Livelihood is not just [br]the actual work that we do.

0:34:40.040,0:34:42.058
When I was much younger,

0:34:42.477,0:34:45.054
some 20 years old or so,

0:34:49.098,0:34:54.482
and I did some job [br]to earn some money in my holiday.

0:34:56.146,0:35:03.504
So I went to one of those offices [br]where you get temporary job, temps office,

0:35:06.398,0:35:11.355
One day I was sent [br]to an advertising agency

0:35:13.579,0:35:19.648
Since I can type, [br]they asked me to type the notes

0:35:20.100,0:35:23.384
of the meeting they had the day before,

0:35:23.590,0:35:27.858
because their secretary was sick,[br]I was replacing the secretary.

0:35:28.877,0:35:30.628
As was typing these notes,

0:35:33.001,0:35:36.327
there was a sentence, [br]one input from one member

0:35:37.349,0:35:43.656
that was sort of in the direction of,[br]we really would like this product to sell

0:35:47.992,0:35:51.108
We cannot straight out say [br]it's much better than other products

0:35:51.591,0:35:55.638
because actually it's not exactly the case

0:35:57.277,0:36:03.046
but we like to word it in a way [br]that it sounds that it is better

0:36:04.287,0:36:08.097
we cannot say it's better, but we'll [br]word it so it sounds like it's better

0:36:08.994,0:36:10.914
so I typed up all the notes.

0:36:12.224,0:36:15.314
I had to breathe when I came to that part,[br]you may understand.

0:36:16.970,0:36:22.853
When I was ready, I went to the person [br]who'd asked me to type

0:36:24.461,0:36:25.638
and I gave it back

0:36:25.856,0:36:27.568
She said “well that's all for today”

0:36:27.615,0:36:29.154
and I said “thank you very much”

0:36:29.154,0:36:30.554
and I didn't bow because..

0:36:31.656,0:36:35.813
I said “thank you very much, [br]have a nice day”, and I left

0:36:36.323,0:36:40.503
and on the way to the station[br]I stopped at the agency and I said to them

0:36:40.869,0:36:45.423
“I don't think I'll go back there, could [br]you please give me something else to do?”

0:36:46.325,0:36:48.258
And the lady said “No,

0:36:48.956,0:36:53.612
they want someone for an X number of days[br]and that is what we give you."

0:36:53.612,0:36:56.154
I said “well, I'm sorry, I cannot take it,

0:36:58.900,0:37:02.116
I will go somewhere else”, I said,

0:37:02.755,0:37:04.689
and she said,

0:37:05.156,0:37:10.433
“you may not find something else [br]to do elsewhere.”

0:37:10.842,0:37:15.282
I said “it's ok, I'll find a job, [br]I'll clean toilets

0:37:18.737,0:37:24.524
but, I don't feel comfortable [br]working for this company”

0:37:26.099,0:37:30.489
so I went home and I told my mother,[br]“don't believe anything you see in an ad.”

0:37:35.876,0:37:38.310
And at that time, you know, [br]I didn't realize,

0:37:38.505,0:37:40.902
I could have gone back, [br]the people were very nice

0:37:41.829,0:37:44.170
and maybe at some way or another,

0:37:44.750,0:37:52.538
I could have helped and raise [br]their awareness of Right Livelihood

0:37:54.755,0:37:58.204
They're there, you know they need a job [br]they have a family to feed

0:38:02.579,0:38:04.192
they are doing their best

0:38:13.245,0:38:16.841
I still type things from time to time, [br]but it is all about the Dharma

0:38:18.553,0:38:20.672
so I feel very comfortable typing it.

0:38:22.742,0:38:26.918
But this is just to say that [br]if we are in a job, we need a job,

0:38:27.174,0:38:32.662
we need something to do, we need [br]to have some bread on our plate, or rice.

0:38:40.089,0:38:44.858
What impact do we have on the world [br]and the people around us

0:38:45.992,0:38:48.090
this is not about going about and

0:38:52.469,0:38:54.361
you know, moralizing,

0:38:54.361,0:38:58.361
going about and telling everybody [br]they're not ethical etc

0:39:00.160,0:39:04.623
but, what is our intention in life?

0:39:04.691,0:39:06.931
From where do we live?

0:39:09.380,0:39:12.911
What is our intention [br]when we interact with our co-workers?

0:39:14.664,0:39:16.502
What do we water in them?

0:39:17.719,0:39:20.680
Do we water something in them [br]that helps all of us

0:39:20.887,0:39:25.908
to go in the direction [br]of non-harming, non-violence?

0:39:31.396,0:39:33.726
What do we do?

0:39:34.536,0:39:37.038
As teachers, we can do many things.

0:39:40.505,0:39:43.171
As a secretary we can do many things.

0:39:44.458,0:39:47.458
Maybe one day we will be [br]the director of the company

0:39:49.803,0:39:54.970
we can look and see what kind of products

0:39:56.014,0:39:59.520
or how would we like [br]to promote the market.

0:40:00.866,0:40:06.322
There's many, many possibilities[br]to practice Right Livelihood

0:40:14.784,0:40:21.247
Today, we have a little bit [br]of a different program for this morning

0:40:22.742,0:40:25.492
not quite the same as the days before.

0:40:27.351,0:40:30.576
I've just shared a little bit with you [br]about Right Livelihood

0:40:31.203,0:40:34.291
for you to reflect...

0:40:36.210,0:40:41.940
on how to bring [br]this aspect in your daily life

0:40:43.035,0:40:48.314
or to say, how to bring a spiritual [br]dimension in your daily life

0:40:50.100,0:40:55.358
through the practice [br]of the Noble Eightfold Path,

0:40:56.353,0:40:58.269
maybe the five mindfulness trainings

0:40:58.504,0:41:02.391
and 14 mindfulness trainings [br]of the Order of Interbeing.

0:41:10.821,0:41:14.067
Maybe we can enjoy a sound of the bell?

0:41:57.937,0:42:03.797
To go in the direction of non-harming,[br]in Plum Village, we also follow this path.

0:42:08.373,0:42:11.718
When i first came to Plum Village,[br]we were vegetarian

0:42:13.119,0:42:14.523
we had cheese.

0:42:19.239,0:42:23.450
In France, at the time at least,[br]you could buy a bar of cheese

0:42:23.633,0:42:25.726
a square bar, about this size.

0:42:28.327,0:42:35.313
On the table in the morning, there were [br]neatly cut slices of square cheese

0:42:36.882,0:42:42.500
square slices of cheese that we could have

0:42:44.692,0:42:50.542
and then when we became aware [br]of the dairy industry

0:42:53.406,0:42:55.675
we became vegan

0:42:57.637,0:43:00.694
going in the direction [br]of being totally vegan.

0:43:05.920,0:43:12.679
Slowly also we became aware [br]of the impact on the earth

0:43:13.300,0:43:20.818
of the products that we use in our hamlets

0:43:24.044,0:43:28.262
so we looked into biodegradable products

0:43:30.295,0:43:32.566
and we're still going in that direction.

0:43:32.707,0:43:33.908
Sometimes we have many

0:43:34.068,0:43:35.415
sometimes a little bit less

0:43:35.586,0:43:38.783
but we're going in the direction [br]and that's very important.

0:43:53.593,0:43:59.902
Nowadays, when we travel from one [br]hamlet to another, we have buses

0:44:01.123,0:44:05.935
before, we asked everybody to please [br]use their car and fill them up with people

0:44:07.143,0:44:09.197
until we realized that's many cars.

0:44:10.197,0:44:15.528
So now we use buses, it's just one big [br]vehicle for many people to go into

0:44:19.955,0:44:26.441
We're going in the direction of trying [br]to combine trips to the town

0:44:27.344,0:44:29.945
This usually works around Christmas

0:44:32.967,0:44:39.663
when we have one day when we can go and[br]buy some material to make some presents

0:44:40.199,0:44:42.416
if we don't find materials here.

0:44:44.034,0:44:49.859
So the important mindset is [br]to go in the direction

0:44:53.539,0:44:56.787
to go in the direction [br]is very compassionate.

0:45:00.285,0:45:05.404
It also avoids us from becoming dogmatic

0:45:05.988,0:45:10.628
we go in the direction of Right Livelihood.

0:45:12.288,0:45:14.248
The Buddha walked everywhere

0:45:15.723,0:45:20.302
for us, it's a bit far to walk from the [br]Lower and Upper Hamlet to the New Hamlet

0:45:21.267,0:45:23.031
so, we drive.

0:45:26.212,0:45:31.189
We also try to look into vehicles that [br]are not so polluting for the environment

0:45:35.197,0:45:38.001
so the choices we make are very important.

0:45:42.125,0:45:47.585
When we have a profession [br]that is in the media

0:45:48.829,0:45:50.810
we reach many, many people.

0:45:53.041,0:45:57.280
It's very clear, [br]the impact we have on the world

0:46:02.052,0:46:05.589
When we are an artist [br]we also reach many people

0:46:06.592,0:46:09.195
We also have an impact on the world

0:46:10.093,0:46:16.050
We know that art has always been [br]a messenger to educate people

0:46:19.025,0:46:24.794
So, for today we have invited two [br]of our friends, two practitioners

0:46:26.539,0:46:31.977
to share with us a little bit [br]about their personal spiritual journey

0:46:35.460,0:46:39.164
I would like to invite Paz and Jo

0:46:40.300,0:46:49.572
and Sister True Dedication who will be the[br]facilitator of this part of our program