[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.04,0:00:03.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to start by doing an experiment.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.98,0:00:09.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to play three\Nvideos of a rainy day,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.31,0:00:13.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I've replaced the audio\Nof one of the videos,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.22,0:00:15.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and instead of the sound of rain,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.62,0:00:18.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've added the sound of bacon frying.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.51,0:00:23.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I want you think carefully which\None the clip with the bacon is.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.07,0:00:27.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Rain, or bacon fries)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.77,0:00:31.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Rain, or bacon fries)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.00,0:00:36.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Rain, or bacon fries)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.84,0:00:42.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.26,0:00:46.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So actually I lied.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.04,0:00:47.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're all bacon.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.33,0:00:49.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bacon fries)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.65,0:00:55.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.45,0:01:00.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My point here isn't really\Nto make you hungry
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.89,0:01:02.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every time you see a rainy scene,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.56,0:01:04.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's just to show
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.03,0:01:08.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that our brains are conditioned\Nto embrace the lies.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.07,0:01:11.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're not looking for accuracy.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.02,0:01:14.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So on the subject of deception,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.94,0:01:18.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wanted to quote one\Nof my favorite authors.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.15,0:01:21.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In "The Decay of the Art of Lying,"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.67,0:01:25.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oscar Wilde establishes the idea
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.38,0:01:30.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that all bad art comes from copying\Nnature and being realistic.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.35,0:01:37.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And all great art comes\Nfrom lying and deceiving,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.30,0:01:40.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and telling beautiful, untrue things.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.46,0:01:44.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when you're watching a movie
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.98,0:01:46.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a phone rings,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.73,0:01:48.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's not actually ringing.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.20,0:01:53.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's been added later\Nin postproduction in a studio.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.34,0:01:56.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All of the sounds you hear are fake.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.20,0:01:59.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everything apart from\Nthe dialogue is fake.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.10,0:02:00.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you watch a movie
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.17,0:02:03.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you see a bird flapping its wings --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.17,0:02:05.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Wings flap)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.31,0:02:08.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They haven't really recorded the bird.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.67,0:02:13.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It sounds a lot more realistic\Nif you record a sheet
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.52,0:02:15.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or shaking kitchen gloves.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.40,0:02:18.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Kitchen gloves shake)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.10,0:02:22.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The burning of a cigarette up close --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.19,0:02:24.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Cigarette burns)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.73,0:02:28.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It actually sounds a lot more authentic
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.36,0:02:31.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you take a small Saran Wrap ball
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.19,0:02:32.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and release it.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.61,0:02:35.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Saran Wrap released)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.95,0:02:37.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Punches?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.47,0:02:39.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Punch)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.03,0:02:41.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oops, let me play that again.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.04,0:02:42.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Punch)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.59,0:02:46.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's often done by sticking\Na knife in vegetables,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.67,0:02:48.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,usually cabbage.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.66,0:02:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[(Punch: cabbage stabbed with a knife)]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.98,0:02:52.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The next one --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.12,0:02:53.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's breaking bones.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.94,0:02:55.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bones break)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.82,0:02:59.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, no one was really harmed.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.40,0:03:01.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's actually ...
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.54,0:03:04.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,breaking celery or frozen lettuce.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.59,0:03:07.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Celery breaks)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.46,0:03:08.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.52,0:03:09.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.52,0:03:11.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Making the right sounds
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.83,0:03:16.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is not always as easy\Nas a trip to the supermarket
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.16,0:03:18.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and going to the vegetable section.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.74,0:03:21.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's often a lot more\Ncomplicated than that.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.42,0:03:24.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let's reverse engineer together
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.33,0:03:26.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the creation of a sound effect.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.81,0:03:29.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of my favorite stories\Ncomes from Frank Serafine.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.94,0:03:31.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's a contributor to our library,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.99,0:03:35.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a great sound designer for "Tron"\Nand "Star Trek" and others.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.67,0:03:41.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was part of the Paramount team\Nthat one the Oscar for best sound
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.83,0:03:43.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for "The Hunt for Red October."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.90,0:03:46.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in this Cold War classic,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.32,0:03:47.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the '90s,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.32,0:03:51.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were asked to produce the sound\Nof the propeller of the submarine.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.89,0:03:53.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So they had a small problem:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.50,0:03:56.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they couldn't really find\Na submarine in West Hollywood.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.83,0:03:58.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So basically,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.61,0:04:03.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what they did is they went\Nto a friend's swimming pool,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.91,0:04:07.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Frank performed a cannonball,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.39,0:04:09.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or ["Boba."]
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.29,0:04:12.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They placed an underwater mic\Nand an overhead mic
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.88,0:04:14.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,outside the swimming pool.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.28,0:04:17.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here's what the underwater\Nmic sounds like.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.55,0:04:19.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Underwater cannonball)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.80,0:04:21.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Adding the overhead mic,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.51,0:04:23.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it sounds a bit like this:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.35,0:04:25.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Cannonball splash)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.89,0:04:30.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So now they took the sound\Nand pitched it one octave down,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.15,0:04:32.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sort of like slowing down a record.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.03,0:04:35.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[(Cannonball splash: lower octave)]
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.01,0:04:38.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then they removed\Na lot of the high frequencies.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.96,0:04:41.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Cannonball splash)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.40,0:04:43.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And pitched it down another octave.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.54,0:04:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Cannonball splash: lower octave)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.00,0:04:49.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then they added\Na little bit of the splash
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.33,0:04:51.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the overhead microphone.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.55,0:04:54.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Cannonball splash: overhead microphone)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.78,0:04:57.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And by looping and repeating that sound,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.59,0:04:58.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they got this:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.80,0:05:01.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[(Submarine propeller)]
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.82,0:05:05.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you know --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.94,0:05:08.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,creativity and technology put together
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.73,0:05:14.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to create the illusion\Nthat we're inside the submarine.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.06,0:05:18.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But once you've created your sounds
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.63,0:05:21.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you've synced them to the image,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.05,0:05:24.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you want those sounds to live\Nin the world of the story.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.56,0:05:29.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And one the best ways to do\Nthat is to add reverb.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.29,0:05:32.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is the first audio tool\NI want to talk about.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.33,0:05:34.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Reverberation,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.87,0:05:35.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or reverb,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.93,0:05:40.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the persistence of the sound\Nafter the original sound has ended.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.37,0:05:43.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's sort of like the --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.27,0:05:46.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the reflections from the materials,\N
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.33,0:05:47.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the objects
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.33,0:05:49.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the walls around the sound.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.15,0:05:51.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Take for example the sound of a gun shot,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.35,0:05:54.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which the original sound is less\Nthan half a second long.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.31,0:05:57.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Gunshot)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.99,0:05:59.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By adding reverb,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.70,0:06:02.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can make it sound like it was\Nrecorded inside a bathroom.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.56,0:06:05.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Gunshot in a bathroom)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.27,0:06:08.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or like it was recorded\Ninside a chapel or a church.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.96,0:06:10.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Gunshot in a church)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.24,0:06:13.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or in a canyon.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.34,0:06:15.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Gunshot in a canyon)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.17,0:06:18.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So reverb gives us a lot of information
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.84,0:06:23.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the space between the listener\Nand the original sound source.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.70,0:06:25.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If the sound is the taste,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.78,0:06:29.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then reverb is sort of like\Nthe smell of the sound.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.59,0:06:32.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But reverb can do a lot more.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.69,0:06:36.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Listening to a sound\Nwith a lot less reverberation
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.67,0:06:38.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than the on-screen action
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.71,0:06:41.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is going to immediately signify to us
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.78,0:06:44.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we're listening to a commentator,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.62,0:06:49.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to an objective narrator that's not\Nparticipating in the on-screen action.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.61,0:06:54.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Also, emotionally intimate\Nmoments in cinema
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.84,0:06:56.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are often heard with zero reverb,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.88,0:06:58.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because that's how it would sound
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.75,0:07:00.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if someone was speaking inside our ear.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.14,0:07:03.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the completely other side,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.20,0:07:05.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,adding a lot of reverb to a voice\N
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.74,0:07:09.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is going to make us think\Nthat we're listening to a flashback,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.79,0:07:14.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or perhaps that we're inside\Nthe head of a character,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.17,0:07:16.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or that we're listening\Nto the voice of God --
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.65,0:07:19.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or even more powerful in film,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.01,0:07:20.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Morgan Freeman.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.62,0:07:21.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.01,0:07:23.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So --
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.12,0:07:25.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.88,0:07:28.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what are some other tools,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.77,0:07:29.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or hacks,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.77,0:07:31.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that sound designers use?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.42,0:07:35.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, here's a really big one.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.09,0:07:41.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's silence.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.04,0:07:45.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A few moments of silence is going\Nto make us pay attention.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.98,0:07:48.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in the Western world,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.67,0:07:50.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're not really used to verbal silences.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.82,0:07:53.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're considered awkward or rude.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.77,0:07:59.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So silence preceding verbal communication
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.10,0:08:01.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can create a lot of tension.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.40,0:08:05.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But imagine a really big,\Nsort of Hollywood movie
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.21,0:08:09.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where it's full of explosions\Nand automatic guns.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.71,0:08:13.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Loud stops being loud anymore,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.27,0:08:14.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after a while.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.38,0:08:16.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in a yin yang way,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.35,0:08:17.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,silence needs loudness
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.96,0:08:19.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and loudness needs silence
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.42,0:08:21.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for either of them to have any effect.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.46,0:08:24.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what does silence mean?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.02,0:08:26.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, it depends how\Nit's used in each film.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.60,0:08:30.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Silence can place us inside\Nthe head of a character,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.99,0:08:32.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or provoke thought.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.55,0:08:36.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We often relate silences with ...
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.97,0:08:38.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,contemplation ...
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.85,0:08:41.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meditation ...
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.43,0:08:43.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being deep in thought.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.81,0:08:47.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But apart from having one meaning,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.84,0:08:50.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,silence becomes a blank canvas
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.10,0:08:54.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,upon which the viewer is invited\Nto the paint their own thoughts.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.03,0:08:56.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I want to make it clear:
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.38,0:08:58.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is no such thing as silence.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.44,0:09:04.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I know this sounds like the most\Npretentious TED Talk statement ever.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.08,0:09:10.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But even if you were to enter\Na room with zero reverberation
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.42,0:09:12.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and zero external sounds,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.51,0:09:15.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you would still be able to hear\Nthe pumping of your own blood.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.08,0:09:17.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in cinema,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.37,0:09:18.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,traditionally,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.37,0:09:22.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was never a silent moment\Nbecause of the sound of the projector.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.93,0:09:26.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And even in today's Dolby world,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.29,0:09:29.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's not really any moment of silence\Nif you listen around you.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.65,0:09:32.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's always some sort of noise.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.86,0:09:35.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, since there's no\Nsuch thing as silence,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.93,0:09:39.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what do filmmakers\Nand sound designers use?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.41,0:09:40.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.82,0:09:41.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a synonym,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.82,0:09:44.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they often use ambiences.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.58,0:09:48.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ambiences are the unique\Nbackground sounds
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.49,0:09:51.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are specific to each location.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.65,0:09:53.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Each location has a unique sound,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.42,0:09:55.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and each room has a unique sound,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.42,0:09:57.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is called room tone.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.12,0:09:59.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here's a recording\Nof a market in Morocco.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.47,0:10:02.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Moroccan market: voices, music)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.66,0:10:08.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And here's a recording\Nof Times Square in New York.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.95,0:10:13.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Times Square: traffic, car horns, voices)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.65,0:10:19.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Room tone is the addition of all\Nthe noises inside the room:
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.35,0:10:21.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the ventilation, the heating, the fridge.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.78,0:10:24.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here's a recording of my\Napartment in Brooklyn.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.82,0:10:29.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Ambience: Brooklyn apartment)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.41,0:10:34.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Ambience ends)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.67,0:10:39.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ambiences work in a most primal way.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.02,0:10:43.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They can speak directly\Nto our brain subconsciously.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.75,0:10:48.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So birds chirping outside your window\N
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.31,0:10:51.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,may indicate normality,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.31,0:10:53.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perhaps because as a species,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.89,0:10:56.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've been used to\Nthat sound every morning
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.56,0:10:58.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for millions of years.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.74,0:11:02.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Birds chirp)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.96,0:11:07.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the other hand,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.02,0:11:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,industrial sounds have been\Nintroduced to us a little more recently.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.05,0:11:14.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even though I really\Nlike them personally--
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.05,0:11:15.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they have been used by one of my heroes,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:15.97,0:11:16.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,David Lynch,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.97,0:11:18.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and his sound designer,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.08,0:11:19.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Alan Splet --
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.08,0:11:21.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,industrial sounds often carry\Nnegative connotations.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:21.50,0:11:26.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Industrial noise)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:29.02,0:11:33.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sound effects can tap\Ninto our emotional memory.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.06,0:11:37.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Occasionally, they can be so significant
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.40,0:11:39.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they become a character in a movie.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.82,0:11:45.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The sound of thunder may indicate\Ndivine intervention or anger.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.46,0:11:49.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Thunder)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.25,0:11:56.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Church bells can remind us\Nof the passing of time,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.22,0:11:57.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or perhaps our own mortality.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:59.96,0:12:05.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Church bells)
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.95,0:12:12.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And breaking of glass can\Nindicate the end of a relationship
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.36,0:12:13.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a friendship.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.59,0:12:16.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Glass breaks)
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.16,0:12:20.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Scientists believe that dissonant sounds,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:20.53,0:12:26.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for example brass or wind\Ninstruments played very loud,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.66,0:12:31.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,may remind us of animal howls in nature,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.04,0:12:34.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and therefore create a sense\Nof irritation or fear.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.75,0:12:38.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Brass and wind instruments)
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.86,0:12:44.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So now we've spoken\Nabout on-screen sounds,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.35,0:12:49.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but occasionally the source\Nof a sound cannot be seen.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:49.10,0:12:51.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what we call offscreen sounds,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.77,0:12:53.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or "acousmatic."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.78,0:12:56.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Acousmatic sounds --
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.20,0:13:01.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well, the term acousmatic comes from\NPythagoras in Ancient Greece,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:01.11,0:13:04.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who used to teach behind\Na veil or curtain for years,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.82,0:13:07.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not revealing himself to his disciples.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.23,0:13:10.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think the mathematician\Nand philosopher thought
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.55,0:13:13.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that in that way,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.86,0:13:18.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his students might focus\Nmore on the voice,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:18.02,0:13:20.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and his words and its meaning,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.01,0:13:23.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than the visual of him speaking.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.04,0:13:26.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So sort of like the Wizard of Oz,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.09,0:13:30.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or 1984's Big Brother,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.56,0:13:34.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,separating the voice from its source,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:34.05,0:13:36.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,separating cause and effect
Dialogue: 0,0:13:36.91,0:13:38.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sort of creates a sense of ubiquity
Dialogue: 0,0:13:38.86,0:13:40.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or [Panopticism],
Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.57,0:13:42.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and therefore authority.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.40,0:13:46.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a strong tradition\Nof acousmatic sound.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:47.50,0:13:51.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nuns in monasteries in Rome and Venice
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.62,0:13:57.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,used to sing in rooms\Nup in galleries close to the ceiling,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:57.86,0:14:01.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,creating the illusion that we're \Nlistening to angels up in the sky.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.76,0:14:06.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Richard Wagner famously\Ncreated the hidden orchestra
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.26,0:14:09.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was placed in a pit between\Nthe stage and the audience.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:10.10,0:14:11.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And one of my heroes,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:11.40,0:14:12.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Aphex Twin,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.60,0:14:15.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,famously hid in dark corners of clubs.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.64,0:14:17.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I think what all these masters knew
Dialogue: 0,0:14:17.99,0:14:20.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that by hiding the source,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.44,0:14:21.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you create a sense of mystery.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:22.25,0:14:24.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This has been seen\Nin cinema over and over,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.34,0:14:25.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with Hitchcock,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.34,0:14:26.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Ridley Scott in "Alien."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.45,0:14:32.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hearing a sound without knowing its source\Nis going to create some sort of tension.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:34.73,0:14:40.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Also it can minimize certain visual\Nrestrictions that directors have,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.18,0:14:43.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and can show something\Nthat wasn't there during filming.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:43.100,0:14:46.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if all of this sounds\Na little theoretical,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:46.33,0:14:48.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wanted to play a little video.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:49.54,0:14:52.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Toy squeaks)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:52.51,0:14:55.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Typewriter)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.90,0:14:58.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Drums)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:59.33,0:15:01.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[(Ping-Pong)]
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.63,0:15:05.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[(Knives sharpen)]
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.02,0:15:09.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Record scratches)
Dialogue: 0,0:15:09.57,0:15:10.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Horror sounds)
Dialogue: 0,0:15:10.99,0:15:12.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Woman screams)
Dialogue: 0,0:15:13.04,0:15:18.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I'm sort of trying\Nto demonstrate with these tools ...
Dialogue: 0,0:15:18.09,0:15:20.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that sound is a language.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:20.68,0:15:24.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It can trick us by transporting\Nus geographically,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:24.76,0:15:26.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it can change the mood,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:26.72,0:15:29.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it can set the pace ...
Dialogue: 0,0:15:29.72,0:15:33.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it can make us laugh\Nor it can make us scared.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:34.96,0:15:36.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And on a personal level,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:36.42,0:15:39.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I fell in love with that\Nlanguage a few years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:39.67,0:15:41.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and somehow managed
Dialogue: 0,0:15:41.81,0:15:44.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make it into some\Nsort of profession.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:45.50,0:15:48.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think with our work\Nthrough the sound library,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:48.90,0:15:54.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're trying to kind of expand\Nthe vocabulary of that language.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:55.86,0:15:57.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in that way,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:57.33,0:16:01.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we want to offer the right tools\Nto sound designers,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:01.20,0:16:02.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,filmmakers,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.57,0:16:05.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,video game and app designers
Dialogue: 0,0:16:05.01,0:16:08.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep telling even better stories,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:08.68,0:16:11.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and creating even more beautiful lies.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:11.34,0:16:12.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So thanks for listening.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:13.20,0:16:15.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)