[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.95,0:00:03.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to start by doing an experiment.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.86,0:00:08.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to play three videos\Nof a rainy day.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.94,0:00:12.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I've replaced the audio\Nof one of the videos,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.84,0:00:15.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and instead of the sound of rain,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.24,0:00:18.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've added the sound of bacon frying.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.14,0:00:23.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I want you think carefully\Nwhich one the clip with the bacon is.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.70,0:00:25.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Rain falling)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.39,0:00:29.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Rain falling)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.63,0:00:33.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Rain falling)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.61,0:00:41.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.06,0:00:45.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually, I lied.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.66,0:00:46.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're all bacon.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.96,0:00:48.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bacon sizzling)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.28,0:00:54.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.22,0:01:00.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My point here isn't really\Nto make you hungry
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.51,0:01:02.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every time you see a rainy scene,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.19,0:01:08.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's to show that our brains\Nare conditioned to embrace the lies.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.70,0:01:10.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're not looking for accuracy.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.75,0:01:14.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So on the subject of deception,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.56,0:01:17.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wanted to quote one\Nof my favorite authors.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.95,0:01:24.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In "The Decay of Lying,"\NOscar Wilde establishes the idea
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.92,0:01:30.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that all bad art comes from copying\Nnature and being realistic;
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.10,0:01:36.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and all great art comes\Nfrom lying and deceiving,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.03,0:01:40.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and telling beautiful, untrue things.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.09,0:01:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when you're watching a movie
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.89,0:01:46.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a phone rings,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.43,0:01:48.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's not actually ringing.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.94,0:01:53.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's been added later\Nin postproduction in a studio.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.22,0:01:56.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All of the sounds you hear are fake.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.10,0:01:57.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everything, apart from the dialogue,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.93,0:01:59.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is fake.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.11,0:02:02.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you watch a movie and you see\Na bird flapping its wings --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.79,0:02:04.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Wings flapping)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.14,0:02:08.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They haven't really recorded the bird.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.43,0:02:13.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It sounds a lot more realistic\Nif you record a sheet
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.45,0:02:14.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or shaking kitchen gloves.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.02,0:02:17.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Flapping sound)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.85,0:02:21.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The burning of a cigarette up close --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.82,0:02:23.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Cigarette burns)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.35,0:02:28.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It actually sounds a lot more authentic
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.13,0:02:30.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you take a small Saran Wrap ball
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.100,0:02:32.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and release it.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.24,0:02:35.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(A Saran Warp ball being released)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.87,0:02:37.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Punches?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.30,0:02:38.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Punch)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.84,0:02:40.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oops, let me play that again.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.80,0:02:41.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Punch)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.54,0:02:46.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's often done by sticking\Na knife in vegetables,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.30,0:02:47.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,usually cabbage.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.66,0:02:50.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Cabbage stabbed with a knife)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.79,0:02:53.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The next one -- it's breaking bones.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.78,0:02:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bones breaking)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.67,0:02:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, no one was really harmed.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.03,0:03:00.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's actually ...
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.16,0:03:04.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,breaking celery or frozen lettuce.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.44,0:03:06.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Breaking frozen lettuce or celery)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.95,0:03:08.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.25,0:03:13.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Making the right sounds\Nis not always as easy
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.99,0:03:15.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a trip to the supermarket
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.92,0:03:18.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and going to the vegetable section.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.64,0:03:21.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's often a lot more\Ncomplicated than that.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.04,0:03:24.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let's reverse-engineer together
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.09,0:03:26.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the creation of a sound effect.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.44,0:03:29.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of my favorite stories\Ncomes from Frank Serafine.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.81,0:03:31.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's a contributor to our library,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.68,0:03:35.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a great sound designer for "Tron"\Nand "Star Trek" and others.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.29,0:03:41.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was part of the Paramount team\Nthat won the Oscar for best sound
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.57,0:03:43.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for "The Hunt for Red October."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.53,0:03:46.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In this Cold War classic, in the '90s,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.94,0:03:51.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were asked to produce the sound\Nof the propeller of the submarine.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.75,0:03:53.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So they had a small problem:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.12,0:03:56.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they couldn't really find\Na submarine in West Hollywood.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.66,0:04:00.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So basically, what they did is,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.35,0:04:03.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they went to a friend's swimming pool,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.72,0:04:08.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Frank performed\Na cannonball, or bomba.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.07,0:04:11.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They placed an underwater mic
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.29,0:04:14.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and an overhead mic\Noutside the swimming pool.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.09,0:04:17.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here's what the underwater\Nmic sounds like.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.37,0:04:18.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Underwater plunge)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.61,0:04:21.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Adding the overhead mic,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.14,0:04:23.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it sounded a bit like this:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.12,0:04:25.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Water splashing)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.51,0:04:29.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So now they took the sound\Nand pitched it one octave down,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.98,0:04:32.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sort of like slowing down a record.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.85,0:04:35.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Water splashing at lower octave)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.93,0:04:38.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then they removed\Na lot of the high frequencies.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.72,0:04:40.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Water splashing)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.02,0:04:43.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And pitched it down another octave.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.31,0:04:46.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Water splashing at lower octave)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.63,0:04:49.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then they added\Na little bit of the splash
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.16,0:04:51.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the overhead microphone.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.46,0:04:54.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Water splashing)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.65,0:04:57.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And by looping and repeating that sound,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.22,0:04:58.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they got this:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.43,0:05:01.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Propeller churning)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.46,0:05:10.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, creativity and technology put together\Nin order to create the illusion
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.02,0:05:14.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we're inside the submarine.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.87,0:05:18.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But once you've created your sounds
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.25,0:05:20.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you've synced them to the image,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.67,0:05:24.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you want those sounds to live\Nin the world of the story.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.40,0:05:29.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And one the best ways to do\Nthat is to add reverb.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.100,0:05:32.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is the first audio tool\NI want to talk about.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.20,0:05:38.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Reverberation, or reverb,\Nis the persistence of the sound
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.34,0:05:40.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after the original sound has ended.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.30,0:05:42.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's sort of like the --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.89,0:05:45.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the reflections from the materials,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.95,0:05:48.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the objects and the walls\Naround the sound.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.86,0:05:51.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Take, for example, the sound of a gunshot.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.10,0:05:54.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The original sound is less\Nthan half a second long.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.14,0:05:57.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Gunshot)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.75,0:05:59.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By adding reverb,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.46,0:06:02.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can make it sound like\Nit was recorded inside a bathroom.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.47,0:06:05.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bathroom gunshot)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.06,0:06:08.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or like it was recorded\Ninside a chapel or a church.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.89,0:06:10.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Church gunshot)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.04,0:06:13.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or in a canyon.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.20,0:06:15.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Canyon gunshot)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.98,0:06:18.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So reverb gives us a lot of information
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.66,0:06:23.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the space between the listener\Nand the original sound source.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.62,0:06:25.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If the sound is the taste,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.75,0:06:29.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then reverb is sort of like\Nthe smell of the sound.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.31,0:06:32.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But reverb can do a lot more.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.49,0:06:36.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Listening to a sound\Nwith a lot less reverberation
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.42,0:06:38.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than the on-screen action
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.53,0:06:41.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is going to immediately signify to us
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.58,0:06:44.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we're listening to a commentator,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.24,0:06:49.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to an objective narrator that's not\Nparticipating in the on-screen action.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.47,0:06:54.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Also, emotionally intimate\Nmoments in cinema
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.69,0:06:56.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are often heard with zero reverb,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.66,0:07:00.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because that's how it would sound\Nif someone was speaking inside our ear.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.02,0:07:02.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the completely other side,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.01,0:07:05.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,adding a lot of reverb to a voice
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.53,0:07:08.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is going to make us think\Nthat we're listening to a flashback,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.64,0:07:12.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or perhaps that we're inside\Nthe head of a character
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.95,0:07:16.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or that we're listening\Nto the voice of God.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.45,0:07:18.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or, even more powerful in film,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.73,0:07:20.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Morgan Freeman.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.24,0:07:21.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.55,0:07:22.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So --
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.74,0:07:24.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.50,0:07:29.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what are some other tools or hacks
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.40,0:07:31.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that sound designers use?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.19,0:07:34.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, here's a really big one.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.90,0:07:41.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's silence.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.81,0:07:45.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A few moments of silence\Nis going to make us pay attention.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.88,0:07:48.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in the Western world,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.34,0:07:50.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're not really used to verbal silences.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.49,0:07:53.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're considered awkward or rude.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.54,0:07:58.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So silence preceding verbal communication
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.02,0:08:01.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can create a lot of tension.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.10,0:08:04.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But imagine a really big Hollywood movie,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.83,0:08:09.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where it's full of explosions\Nand automatic guns.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.39,0:08:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Loud stops being loud\Nanymore, after a while.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.01,0:08:15.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in a yin-yang way,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.98,0:08:19.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,silence needs loudness\Nand loudness needs silence
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.14,0:08:21.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for either of them to have any effect.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.35,0:08:23.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what does silence mean?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.75,0:08:26.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, it depends how\Nit's used in each film.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.42,0:08:30.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Silence can place us inside\Nthe head of a character
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.62,0:08:32.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or provoke thought.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.26,0:08:35.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We often relate silences with ...
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.65,0:08:37.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,contemplation,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.56,0:08:39.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meditation,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.18,0:08:42.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being deep in thought.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.57,0:08:47.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But apart from having one meaning,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.70,0:08:49.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,silence becomes a blank canvas
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.89,0:08:54.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,upon which the viewer is invited\Nto the paint their own thoughts.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.96,0:08:58.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I want to make it clear:\Nthere is no such thing as silence.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.19,0:09:03.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I know this sounds like the most\Npretentious TED Talk statement ever.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.84,0:09:10.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But even if you were to enter\Na room with zero reverberation
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.16,0:09:12.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and zero external sounds,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.25,0:09:15.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you would still be able to hear\Nthe pumping of your own blood.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.00,0:09:20.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in cinema, traditionally,\Nthere was never a silent moment
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.34,0:09:22.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because of the sound of the projector.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.72,0:09:25.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And even in today's Dolby world,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.03,0:09:29.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's not really any moment of silence\Nif you listen around you.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.48,0:09:32.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's always some sort of noise.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.73,0:09:35.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, since there's no such\Nthing as silence,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.68,0:09:39.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what do filmmakers\Nand sound designers use?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.28,0:09:43.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, as a synonym,\Nthey often use ambiences.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.31,0:09:48.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ambiences are the unique background sounds
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.20,0:09:51.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are specific to each location.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.27,0:09:53.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Each location has a unique sound,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.14,0:09:55.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and each room has a unique sound,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.14,0:09:56.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is called room tone.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.74,0:09:59.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here's a recording\Nof a market in Morocco.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.19,0:10:02.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Voices, music)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.47,0:10:08.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And here's a recording\Nof Times Square in New York.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.84,0:10:13.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Traffic sounds, car horns, voices)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.45,0:10:19.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Room tone is the addition of all\Nthe noises inside the room:
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.10,0:10:21.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the ventilation, the heating, the fridge.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.51,0:10:24.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's a recording\Nof my apartment in Brooklyn.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.44,0:10:29.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(You can hear the ventilation, the boiler,\Nthe fridge and street traffic)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.42,0:10:39.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ambiences work in a most primal way.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.72,0:10:43.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They can speak directly\Nto our brain subconsciously.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.54,0:10:50.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, birds chirping outside your window\Nmay indicate normality,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.94,0:10:53.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perhaps because, as a species,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.75,0:10:57.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've been used to that sound\Nevery morning for millions of years.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.36,0:11:02.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Birds chirping)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.84,0:11:09.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the other hand, industrial sounds\Nhave been introduced to us
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.50,0:11:10.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a little more recently.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.97,0:11:14.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even though I really like\Nthem personally --
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.05,0:11:16.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they've been used by one\Nof my heroes, David Lynch,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.49,0:11:18.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and his sound designer, Alan Splet --
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.45,0:11:21.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,industrial sounds often carry\Nnegative connotations.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:21.03,0:11:23.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Machine noises)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.09,0:11:32.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, sound effects can tap\Ninto our emotional memory.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.87,0:11:37.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Occasionally, they can be so significant
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.25,0:11:39.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they become a character in a movie.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.57,0:11:45.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The sound of thunder may indicate\Ndivine intervention or anger.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.37,0:11:49.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Thunder)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.96,0:11:55.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Church bells can remind us\Nof the passing of time,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.96,0:11:57.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or perhaps our own mortality.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:59.83,0:12:03.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bells ringing)
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.77,0:12:12.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And breaking of glass can\Nindicate the end of a relationship
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.29,0:12:13.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a friendship.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.39,0:12:16.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Glass breaking)
Dialogue: 0,0:12:16.79,0:12:20.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Scientists believe that dissonant sounds,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:20.36,0:12:25.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for example, brass or wind\Ninstruments played very loud,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.44,0:12:30.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,may remind us of animal howls in nature
Dialogue: 0,0:12:30.91,0:12:34.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and therefore create a sense\Nof irritation or fear.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.51,0:12:37.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Brass and wind instruments playing)
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.71,0:12:43.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So now we've spoken\Nabout on-screen sounds.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.30,0:12:48.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But occasionally, the source\Nof a sound cannot be seen.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.96,0:12:51.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what we call offscreen sounds,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.50,0:12:52.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or "acousmatic."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.64,0:12:55.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Acousmatic sounds --
Dialogue: 0,0:12:55.89,0:13:00.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well, the term "acousmatic" comes\Nfrom Pythagoras in ancient Greece,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.94,0:13:04.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who used to teach behind\Na veil or curtain for years,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.56,0:13:07.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not revealing himself to his disciples.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.77,0:13:10.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think the mathematician\Nand philosopher thought that,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:11.73,0:13:12.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in that way,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.58,0:13:17.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his students might focus\Nmore on the voice,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.64,0:13:19.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and his words and its meaning,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:19.63,0:13:22.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than the visual of him speaking.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:22.83,0:13:25.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So sort of like the Wizard of Oz,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:25.55,0:13:30.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or "1984's" Big Brother,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.39,0:13:33.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,separating the voice from its source,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:33.68,0:13:35.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,separating cause and effect
Dialogue: 0,0:13:36.38,0:13:40.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sort of creates a sense\Nof ubiquity or panopticism,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.20,0:13:42.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and therefore, authority.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.16,0:13:46.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a strong tradition\Nof acousmatic sound.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:47.13,0:13:53.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nuns in monasteries in Rome and Venice\Nused to sing in rooms
Dialogue: 0,0:13:53.76,0:13:57.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,up in galleries close to the ceiling,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:57.65,0:14:01.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,creating the illusion that we're listening\Nto angels up in the sky.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.39,0:14:06.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Richard Wagner famously\Ncreated the hidden orchestra
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.10,0:14:09.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was placed in a pit\Nbetween the stage and the audience.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.96,0:14:15.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And one of my heroes, Aphex Twin,\Nfamously hid in dark corners of clubs.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.42,0:14:20.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think what all these masters knew\Nis that by hiding the source,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.19,0:14:21.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you create a sense of mystery.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.87,0:14:23.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This has been seen\Nin cinema over and over,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:23.97,0:14:27.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with Hitchcock,\Nand Ridley Scott in "Alien."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.07,0:14:29.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hearing a sound without knowing its source
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.49,0:14:32.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is going to create some sort of tension.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:34.53,0:14:40.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Also, it can minimize certain visual\Nrestrictions that directors have
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.17,0:14:43.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and can show something\Nthat wasn't there during filming.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:43.88,0:14:45.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if all this sounds\Na little theoretical,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.99,0:14:48.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wanted to play a little video.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:49.29,0:14:51.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Toy squeaking)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:52.38,0:14:55.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Typewriter)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.76,0:14:58.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Drumming)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:59.16,0:15:01.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Ping-pong)
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.48,0:15:05.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Knives being sharpened)
Dialogue: 0,0:15:05.79,0:15:08.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Record scratching)
Dialogue: 0,0:15:09.40,0:15:10.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Sawing sounds)
Dialogue: 0,0:15:10.62,0:15:12.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Woman screaming)
Dialogue: 0,0:15:12.66,0:15:16.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I'm sort of trying\Nto demonstrate with these tools
Dialogue: 0,0:15:17.93,0:15:20.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that sound is a language.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:20.52,0:15:23.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It can trick us by transporting\Nus geographically;
Dialogue: 0,0:15:24.57,0:15:26.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it can change the mood;
Dialogue: 0,0:15:26.58,0:15:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it can set the pace;
Dialogue: 0,0:15:29.48,0:15:32.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it can make us laugh\Nor it can make us scared.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:34.70,0:15:38.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On a personal level, I fell\Nin love with that language
Dialogue: 0,0:15:38.07,0:15:39.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a few years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:39.41,0:15:44.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and somehow managed to make it\Ninto some sort of profession.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:45.27,0:15:48.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think with our work\Nthrough the sound library,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:48.52,0:15:54.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're trying to kind of expand\Nthe vocabulary of that language.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:55.80,0:15:59.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in that way, we want\Nto offer the right tools
Dialogue: 0,0:15:59.30,0:16:00.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to sound designers,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:00.97,0:16:02.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,filmmakers,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.34,0:16:04.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and video game and app designers,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:04.75,0:16:07.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep telling even better stories
Dialogue: 0,0:16:08.38,0:16:11.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and creating even more beautiful lies.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:11.14,0:16:12.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So thanks for listening.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:12.45,0:16:15.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)