WEBVTT

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>[NARRATOR] CPR: Child/Infant

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When normal breathing and heart function 
have stopped, CPR can give a life back.

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This section covers CPR skills for children 
ages one to the onset of puberty.

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>[RESCUER counts compressions]

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>[NARRATOR] At the end of the segment,

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there will be a demonstration 
of CPR for an infant.

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>[RESCUER] 1, 2, 3, 4…

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>NARRATOR] You will watch 
as skills are demonstrated

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and then have a chance to 
practice along with the video.

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During those practices, your instructor 
may give you individualized coaching

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to help you achieve the best 
results during practice.

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>[RESCUER] 7, 8…

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>[NARRATOR] Please note that although 
barrier devices like gloves and face masks

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are always recommended,
you won't see them here.

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Not only is it easier for you 
to practice without them,

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but it's also fine to give CPR 
in an emergency without them

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as the risk of infection is very, very low.

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Let's get started.

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If you are not already seated 
next to a mannequin,

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sit down and get ready to learn 
skills that could save a life.

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Watch as this basic skill is demonstrated.

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You will practice it in a minute.

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The key reason for CPR is to 
circulate oxygen to the brain.

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It is essential to get the speed 
and force of the pumping right.

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To pump, our rescuer kneels 
next to the mannequin

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and places the heel of her hand 
in the center of the chest.

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Depending on the size of the child 
and the size of the rescuer,

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she will use one hand 
(or two interlocked together)

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to get the proper chest compression
depth while pumping.

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She moves her shoulders directly 
over her hand with her arm straight.

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A child's chest should compress 
about 1/3 the depth of the chest

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or about two inches.

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The rate of pumping is fast.

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It's equivalent to 100 to 120 
compressions per minute.

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Let's listen to that rhythm.

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[a device ticks at the speed of 
100-120 compressions per minute]

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A full cycle of pumping 
is down and up 30 times.

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It helps to count out loud.

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Let's see a cycle.

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>[RESCUER] 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 
11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20,

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21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.

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>[NARRATOR] Now get ready to 
practice pumping along with the video.

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Kneel next to the mannequin with 
your knees against the side of the chest.

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To pump, you'll use the heel of your hand.

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Place it on the center of the chest.

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Be careful not to press on 
the tip of the breastbone.

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Move your shoulder over your 
hand with your arm straight.

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Now, push down firmly 
with the heel of your hand.

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Remember, a child's chest should be 
compressed 1/3 the depth of the chest,

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which is about two inches.

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Avoid excessive compression depth.

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Let the chest come all the way back up
by removing your weight from the chest.

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Your hand should remain in contact 
with the breastbone at all times.

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Avoid leaning on the chest 
between compressions.

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Pumping should move 
down and up smoothly.

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Don't jab.

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Get ready to do a 30-pump cycle 
in time with the on-screen rescuer.

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You should count out loud too.

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Ready? Pump.

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>[RESCUER] 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 
7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13…

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>[NARRATOR] Don't be afraid 
to push hard and fast.

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>[RESCUER] …17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 
22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.

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>[NARRATOR] Sit back.

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Remember, pumping is fast and forceful,

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and when your shoulders are 
over the heel of your hand,

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you won't tire as quickly.

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You will get additional opportunities 
to practice pumping in this program.

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Rescue breathing is 
included for effective CPR.

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Relax and watch as our rescuer 
demonstrates rescue breathing.

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You'll practice it afterwards.

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First, she needs to open the airway 
(tilt the head and lift the chin).

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Then she pinches the nose and places 
her mouth around the child's mouth,

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creating a seal.

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She gives one breath, 
lasting about a second.

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She watches from the corner of her eye 
to confirm that the chest rises as air goes in.

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She releases the seal on the mouth
and lets the air flow out,

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then quickly seals it again
and gives another breath.

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This is done faster than you might imagine.

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Watch the demonstration again in real time.

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TIME 5:00

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Now get ready to practice breathing.

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Kneel next to the mannequin’s head.

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Put the palm of one hand 
on the mannequin’s forehead.

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With the fingers of the other hand,
lift the chin and tilt the head back.

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This opens the throat to allow 
air to get into the lungs.

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Use the hand on top of 
the head to pinch the nose.

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Open your mouth wide and cover the 
mannequin’s mouth completely with yours,

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pressing firmly to make a tight seal.

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Take a normal breath and 
blow air into the mouth.

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It's a quick breath of air with sufficient
volume to make the chest rise.

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Remove your mouth from the mannequin.

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Take another breath yourself.

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Now breathe into the mouth again.

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Take your hands off 
the mannequin and sit back.

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This time, let's do it at the recommended pace for CPR.

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Tilt the head and lift the chin.

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Pinch the nose.

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Give breath…

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give breath…

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Remove your hands from 
the mannequin and sit back.

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If you hear a hissing sound when you blow,

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air is leaking out from 
the nose or the mouth.

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Be certain the nose is pinched firmly,

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the chin is lifted, and there is 
a good seal around the mouth.

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If you don't see the chest rise during a breath,

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tilt the head and try again.

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If it still isn't rising,

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you'll need to check the airway 
and remove any object you see.

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You've got the basics of CPR.

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Now, let's put them together:

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pumping the chest and rescue breathing.

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Kneel next to your mannequin
and get ready to practice.

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Position your hand on 
the center of the chest.

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Move your shoulder over your 
hand with your arm straight.

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Ready? Pump.

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>[RESCUER] 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 
6, 7, 8, 9, 1011, 12, 13, 14…

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Keep your shoulder in position over the chest

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and push down hard with your arm straight.

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>[RESCUER] …21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30

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>[NARRATOR] Tilt head, lift chin, pinch nose.

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Make a seal over the child's mouth with 
Yours.

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and breath one…

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breathe two…

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Pump.

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>[RESCUER] 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8…

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>[NARRATOR] Press down smoothly. Don't jab.
Let the chest come all the way back up.

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<[RESCUER] …16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 
22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.

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>[NARRATOR] Tilt, lift, pinch.

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Breathe one…

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breath two...

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Okay.

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Sit back and relax.

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TIME 7:50

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On a real child, you would keep doing 
CPR until the person wakes up [or]

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an AED arrives and is ready to use 
or emergency personnel take over.

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Now that you know the essentials of CPR,
let's talk about when to do it.

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Watch while our rescuer 
demonstrates the steps to take

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before pumping and breathing.

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If she finds a child who looks unconscious, 
she must decide if CPR is needed.

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First, she checks for responsiveness.

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She taps and shouts.

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>[RESCUER] Hey! Are you okay?

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>[NARRATOR] At the same time,

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she is also noting whether the 
child is breathing or only gasping.

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A child with abnormal or 
absent breathing needs CPR.

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If there's no response and no breathing,
she moves to the next step.

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Call for help. This is essential.

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If possible, our rescuer will 
direct someone else on the scene

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to call 9-1-1 and get an AED unit.

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She picks a specific person 
and gives explicit instructions.

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>[RESCUER] Drew! Call 9-1-1 and get the AED!

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>[NARRATOR] no one is available to 
make the call and the victim is a child,

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do five cycles of CPR before 
pausing to make the call yourself.

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For the purposes of this video,

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we will only practice directing 
someone else to make the call.

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If an AED is available and ready to go,
she will use it right away.

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If not, she starts CPR. 
Chest compressions are first.

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She opens the child shirt and 
positions her hand to pump.

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>[RESCUER] 1, 2, 3, 4…

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She continues CPR:

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until the person wakes up [or]
an AED is available and ready to use
or help arrives to take over.

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>[RESCUER] …15, 16, 17…

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For now, let's practice 
the steps for when to do CPR.

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Put a shirt or a jacket on the mannequin 
so you can practice exposing the chest.

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If you don't have one, just pretend
to remove clothing from the chest.

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Sit next to your mannequin.

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If you find a child who looks unconscious,

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you need to find out 
if they're unresponsive.

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They could just be asleep.

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Tap the child on the shoulder 
and shout, “Are you okay?”

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>[RESCUER] Hey! Are you okay?

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>[NARRATOR] At the same time, 
note if they are breathing or only gasping.

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If the child does not respond 
and is not breathing,

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direct someone to call 9-1-1 
or the local emergency number

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to get help on the way.

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>[RESCUER] 
Drew! Call 9-1-1 and get the AED!

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>[NARRATOR] Quickly get back to the child.

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If an AED is available and 
ready to use, then use it.

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If it's not, start CPR.

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Expose the chest so you can 
see where to place your hand.

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TIME 10:30

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Make sure your knees are 
against the side of the chest.

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Place the heel of your hand 
on the center of the chest

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in contact with the breastbone.

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Before we add pumping, 
let's practice this again in real time.

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Sit back.

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Now, start the assessment.

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>[RESCUER] Hey! are you okay?

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>[NARRATOR] Have someone 
call 9-1-1 and get an AED.

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>[RESCUER] 
Drew! Call 9-1-1 and get the AED!!

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>[NARRATOR] Open the shirt 
and position your hand to pump.

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Okay, in the next section, we'll put this 
together with pumping and breathing.

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You're ready.

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You've practiced all the skills.
Now we'll put them together.

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Let's do CPR.

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Sit next to your mannequin.

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When you see a child who looks 
unconscious, assess the child.

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>[RESCUER] Hey! Are you okay?

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>[NARRATOR] At the same time, 
note if they are breathing or only gasping.

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Direct someone to call 9-1-1.

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>[RESCUER] 
Drew! Call 9-1-1 and get the AED!

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>[NARRATOR] Expose the chest.
With your knees against the chest,
place your hand in position.

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Get ready. Pump.

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>[RESCUER] 1, 2, 3, 4, 5…

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>[NARRATOR] Each pump should 
depress the chest about two inches ,

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then let it rise all the way back up

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but keep your hand in contact with the chest.

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>[RESCUER] …20, 21, 22, 23…

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>[NARRATOR] Get ready to breathe. 
Each breath lasts one second.

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>[RESCUER] …28, 29, 30.

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>[NARRATOR] Give breaths.

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One…

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Two…

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Arm straight. Pump.

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>[RESCUER] 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 
11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20,

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21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.

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>[NARRATOR] Give breaths.

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One…

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Two…

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Ready? Pump.

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>[RESCUER] 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 
11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20,

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21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.

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>[NARRATOR] Breathe one…

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breath two…

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Position and pump.

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>[RESCUER] 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11…

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>[NARRATOR] Keep up the pace. Count out loud.

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>[RESCUER] 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 
21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.

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>[NARRATOR] Breathe.

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Pump.

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>[RESCUER] 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20,

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21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.

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>[NARRATOR] And breathe.

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Sit back.

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That was five cycles of pumping 
and breathing. Good work.

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When two or more rescuers are available,

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alternating rescuers prevents a decrease 
in quality of compressions

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caused by rescuer fatigue.

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After five cycles, you may switch
who is doing CPR.

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>[RESCUER] 1, 2, 3, 4…

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>[NARRATOR] When doing CPR on 
an infant under the age of one,

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there are a couple of key differences 
in how the skills are performed.

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Watch as our rescuer 
demonstrates CPR for infants.

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When she assesses the infant, 
instead of tapping and shouting,

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she stimulates the infant's foot 
to check for response.

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The response can be any vocal sound 
like crying or cooing or a body movement.

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At the same time, she assesses 
whether the infant is breathing.

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Once she determines that CPR is necessary,
she exposes the chest,

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and instead of using the heel of her hand,

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she positions two fingers 
just below the nipple line.

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She pumps at the same rate as for children,

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but the depth is different.

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The compression is 1/3 the depth of the chest

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or about 1.5 inches.

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>[RESCUER counting]

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>[NARRATOR] After a cycle of compressions,

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she tilts the head back and covers the mouth
and nose completely with her own mouth

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and gives two breaths, 
each lasting about 1 second.

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The volume of air is enough 
to make the chest rise.

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If you are alone with an infant 
or a child who needs CPR,

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complete five cycles of pumping
and breathing before calling for help.