0:00:00.099,0:00:14.990 34C3 preroll music 0:00:14.990,0:00:20.670 Herald (H): Let me introduce: It's Sir[br]Wombat and Nero Lapislucis. So, give them 0:00:20.670,0:00:28.110 a warm welcome and everybody is interested[br]in how to get the stuff done. 0:00:30.970,0:00:32.650 Nero (N):[br]unaudible 0:00:43.650,0:00:47.800 We are going to present our juice press,[br]which is this gorgeous instrument you can 0:00:47.800,0:00:52.519 see over there. And then we will talk[br]about the fermentation vessel 0:00:52.519,0:00:57.469 you will need if you want to build one[br]yourself. And we will explain shortly 0:00:57.469,0:01:03.209 again how you can create alcohol out of[br]the yeast and the fruit juice. Afterwards 0:01:03.209,0:01:09.950 we will present the model of a still which[br]you can see over there on the desk. 0:01:13.510,0:01:18.760 Sir Wombat (W): By model we mean it doesn't[br]actually work, it only looks like it. 0:01:18.760,0:01:25.740 N: It's a kind of a hypothetical operation[br]of a miniature still. Afterwards you will 0:01:25.740,0:01:32.791 get to know an alternative method of[br]getting high percent alcohol, which is the 0:01:32.791,0:01:41.950 ice rifing. This is that. So, who are we?[br]I'm Nero, I am kind of a professional 0:01:41.950,0:01:47.280 viking. Why am I presenting this talk? I[br]was studying abroad in Norway and I was 0:01:47.280,0:01:51.890 too broke to buy the beer, so I had to[br]find some solutions and I started making 0:01:51.890,0:01:58.009 the wine. And Sir Wombat over there is an[br]electrical engineer and he's just trying 0:01:58.009,0:02:05.729 to build stuff since forever. Let's start[br]with the juice press. I don't know - Do we 0:02:05.729,0:02:09.740 have the camera? Or are we doing it[br]without? 0:02:09.740,0:02:17.390 Laughter[br]W: I can just hold it up and maybe you see it. 0:02:17.390,0:02:19.940 N: So basically what we have is a wooden frame 0:02:19.940,0:02:24.380 and then there is a car jack attached to it. 0:02:24.380,0:02:30.250 With that we press this kind of[br]wooden block down. And then we have on the 0:02:30.250,0:02:36.250 right hand side it's like this wood part[br]which has a special shape so the juice can 0:02:36.250,0:02:42.080 run off. This is on the lower side. And[br]there is the fruit between it. And with 0:02:42.080,0:02:47.230 the car jack you get lots of pressure.[br]Actually if you boil the mash you can just 0:02:47.230,0:02:53.210 use the kitchen towel. But it's a lot of[br]work. So this is actually kind of nice. 0:02:53.210,0:03:00.600 Inaudible question from the audience[br]N: Yeah, you can do it with whole apples. 0:03:00.600,0:03:04.370 You can cut them beforehand: You can put[br]them in the oven for a little while and it 0:03:04.370,0:03:11.150 makes it a lot easier. I don't know, I[br]think it's easier if you kind of boil them 0:03:11.150,0:03:15.280 or put them in the oven beforehand and cut[br]them. Then you get a little bit more juice. 0:03:15.280,0:03:19.710 Because what you see when you try[br]this is that you have a lot of work. 0:03:19.710,0:03:27.640 And a lot of fruit for actually very little[br]juice. Yeah, it's a lot of work 0:03:27.640,0:03:32.740 W: Inaudible[br]N: The thing is that the fruit juice, what 0:03:32.740,0:03:40.150 is useful for the alcohol, it's basically[br]just the sugar water. You can cheat which 0:03:40.150,0:03:44.810 is actually not allowed, but in theory you[br]might cheat and add sugar to your fruit 0:03:44.810,0:03:50.870 juice, then the yeast has more kind of[br]fruit and more basics to produce the 0:03:50.870,0:03:55.730 alcohol from. So you can add molasses to[br]the fruit juice and that will increase the 0:03:55.730,0:04:05.820 alcohol outcome of your molasses. This is[br]in basics the process you just heard 0:04:05.820,0:04:09.390 about. You have the sugar water and yeast.[br]And the yeast is working in the sugar 0:04:09.390,0:04:13.940 water and by that creating alcohol and[br]CO2. That's why you need the fermentation 0:04:13.940,0:04:17.960 vessel, which we will talk about in the[br]next part. You can basically just use 0:04:21.060,0:04:25.060 normal yeast from the supermarket. You[br]could also use some yeast cultures which 0:04:25.060,0:04:28.560 are on the fruits. There are also some[br]kind of hippie wine producers which just 0:04:28.560,0:04:34.000 use the apples like they are and use the[br]cultures which already are on them. But 0:04:34.000,0:04:37.340 it's better to use this specialized yeast,[br]because you have optimal alcohol outcome 0:04:37.340,0:04:44.720 and lower risk that there are other[br]bacteria evolving. What you don't want is 0:04:44.720,0:04:49.490 that there is oxygen coming into your[br]fermentation process, because then what 0:04:49.490,0:04:54.310 you get isn't alcohol but vinegar. It just[br]kind of tastes disgusting and it's not 0:04:54.310,0:04:59.770 what you make it for. That's why we are[br]building the fermentation vessel. It's 0:04:59.770,0:05:08.371 basically just a mechanism to keep the air[br]away. These are the ingredients you will 0:05:08.371,0:05:14.600 need to do. On the left hand side is my[br]first experiment, on the right side is Sir 0:05:14.600,0:05:20.410 Wombat's. He has this special thing that[br]he puts a pen in a kind of peanut butter 0:05:20.410,0:05:24.650 jar beforehand so the whole thing sticks[br]better. You don't really need to do that 0:05:28.650,0:05:33.310 if your hose is kind of thick enough. I[br]had this guzzling hose and it worked just 0:05:33.310,0:05:43.460 fine. You have to fix the hose in your[br]fermentation vessel and in this kind of 0:05:43.460,0:05:50.130 jar which is filled with water. You can[br]just use glue for that but it needs to be 0:05:50.130,0:05:55.720 airproof. What's happening is the CO2[br]which comes from the fermentation process 0:05:55.720,0:06:02.120 can leave the vessel through the hose. So[br]it just goes into the glass of water. The 0:06:02.120,0:06:08.220 effect is that no oxigen can come in and[br]go the other way around. So it's really 0:06:08.220,0:06:15.330 simple. It's useful to have a fermentation[br]starter. For that you start with 0:06:15.330,0:06:20.850 activating the dried yeast. The thing with[br]that is, that you give the yeast, which 0:06:20.850,0:06:26.110 you want to have a good life in there, a[br]head start ahead of all other bacterias or 0:06:26.110,0:06:34.200 kind of microbes which would want to[br]evolve in there. It's not that important 0:06:34.200,0:06:38.290 that you keep the air out because you[br]don't keep it for that long. What you do 0:06:38.290,0:06:42.590 is: You take the yeast you want, you put[br]sugar in there and you put the molasses in 0:06:42.590,0:06:47.020 there. You just give it a head start with[br]a lot of sugar and you keep it in there 0:06:47.020,0:06:54.280 for kind of about 12 hours. Then you put[br]it in the fermentation vessel and add the 0:06:54.280,0:06:59.430 rest of the molasses. So it's not really[br]in there for that long. Because of that 0:06:59.430,0:07:04.880 it's not that important to keep the air[br]out. It doesn't have that much contact. 0:07:04.880,0:07:09.260 Here you can see the fermentation process.[br]This is kind of a peanut butter jar and 0:07:09.260,0:07:18.180 there is the air and CO2 coming out. It[br]looks like that when the fermentation is 0:07:18.180,0:07:24.390 running on high it can get a lot faster.[br]But most of the time - It's also this nice 0:07:24.390,0:07:30.190 blubbing sound. If you keep it in your[br]room - you will have a good night. How 0:07:30.190,0:07:34.390 will you know when your fermentation ends?[br]Some of the yeast will die. You will 0:07:34.390,0:07:38.370 notice this at the bottom of the[br]fermentation vessel. It will just float 0:07:38.370,0:07:44.930 down. You will also notice that the[br]fermentation process is getting a lot 0:07:44.930,0:07:49.350 slower. Why does this happen? Either you[br]have already too much alcohol for the 0:07:49.350,0:07:53.061 yeast to survive. This depends a bit on[br]the kind of yeast you are using, but 0:07:53.061,0:07:59.820 mostly it's about 15% you can get. Or[br]maybe there's just no sugar left. You 0:07:59.820,0:08:03.240 don't really want that to happen because[br]then it doesn't really taste that good. 0:08:03.240,0:08:08.220 But basically it's also a possibility if[br]you just want the alcohol. Just remember 0:08:08.220,0:08:13.590 that you shouldn't bottle it before it's[br]totally finished because there's... As 0:08:13.590,0:08:17.270 long as there is still some fermentation[br]going on, there is also CO2 coming out and 0:08:17.270,0:08:23.280 your bottle might explode. You don't want[br]that. But if you continue with distilling 0:08:23.280,0:08:27.050 the whole thing it doesn't really matter[br]because you work with it and you don't 0:08:27.050,0:08:33.458 bottle it. So what do we do now? We have[br]the finished wine in the fermentation 0:08:33.458,0:08:39.749 vessel and you have the dead yeast on the[br]ground. You should be careful when you 0:08:39.749,0:08:45.689 fill it in bottels or another vessel,[br]because that yeast tastes kind of nasty. 0:08:45.689,0:08:49.920 So you should siphon it off. You can also[br]pour it but then you should take a lot of 0:08:49.920,0:08:58.319 time and be very careful with it. Yes, to[br]measure the alcohol content which will be 0:08:58.319,0:09:04.899 as said, explained before about 15% in the[br]mash there's different tools. For the mash 0:09:04.899,0:09:11.749 we have the vinometer. If you want to[br]measure it in the steel output you have 0:09:11.749,0:09:19.850 the hydrometer.This is when I give over to[br]my friend. Yeah, sugar is a problem in 0:09:19.850,0:09:26.560 measuring actually because it confuses the[br]instrument - both of them. So you should 0:09:26.560,0:09:32.029 consider this. And actually it's not[br]really that fancy so you can get both of 0:09:32.029,0:09:41.740 them for like 10€. It's useful to have. We[br]had that already. The results you get with 0:09:41.740,0:09:48.329 the fruit wine is normally between 6% and[br]13%. 13 is already kind of high. If you 0:09:48.329,0:09:54.449 just use the process like I explained it,[br]it's probably a bit less. So that's 0:09:54.449,0:10:01.589 actually why you would want to destill it[br]afterwards. W: So we're talking about what 0:10:01.589,0:10:08.759 would happen if you'd want to build a[br]still. We're not talking about an actual 0:10:08.759,0:10:15.459 still. We're talking about a model that[br]looks like it could work, but doesn't. 0:10:15.459,0:10:20.360 Because as we said - we wouldn't break any[br]rules, and Stefan said it's not allowed. 0:10:20.360,0:10:30.079 It's not legal to do so. The thing to[br]build such a model - such a home sized 0:10:30.079,0:10:37.050 model, not an semi-professional one, you[br]don't need all the... like 5000€ was the 0:10:37.050,0:10:44.800 cheaptest professional one we talked[br]about. For such a tiny model you could get 0:10:44.800,0:10:51.879 away with 75€ if you're really resourceful[br]like using an old pressure cooker from the 0:10:51.879,0:10:58.459 GDR. Those are finally the cheapest ones[br]you find on eBay This size is like 10€ - 0:10:58.459,0:11:06.670 it's a nice thing. Some copper pipes you[br]can get in your hardware store. The type 0:11:06.670,0:11:13.750 of copper pipe is used to connect fridges.[br]Like for that fresh water and ice cube 0:11:13.750,0:11:19.779 feature fridges have.[br]unaudible 0:11:19.779,0:11:27.509 The cooling system is just an old canister[br]and some electronics I'll talk about 0:11:27.509,0:11:42.059 later. Let's just get back to the slides.[br]Back to the slides please. Thanks. 0:11:42.059,0:11:48.480 The temperature sensing - we'll talk later[br]about... And then that's it. So you just 0:11:48.480,0:11:57.709 connect the copper pipes like this in a[br]T-form with a cork on top. And the screw 0:11:57.709,0:12:04.880 thing on the bottom to connect it to the[br]lid of the pressure cooker. At that point 0:12:04.880,0:12:10.410 you use like an end cap for the copper[br]pipe, drill a hole into it and connect the 0:12:10.410,0:12:19.040 thinner copper pipe to it. That will go[br]onto the pressure cooker like this. Then 0:12:19.040,0:12:23.629 you need to do some soldering. Most of you[br]probably know how to solder. This another 0:12:23.629,0:12:30.420 kind of soldering. It's the same thing -[br]you use tin and copper and some flux to 0:12:30.420,0:12:37.500 make it flow easier. And not a soldering[br]iron but a blow torch, but that's all the 0:12:37.500,0:12:48.209 difference there is. And then you just[br]drill a hole into your cut open canister, 0:12:48.209,0:12:54.250 push it on there and use lots of glue to[br]make it waterproof - It's no rocket 0:12:54.250,0:13:03.569 science. Then the temperature measurement[br]we want to have that because in theory you 0:13:03.569,0:13:14.589 need a very precise measurement. In[br]practice it didn't seem like we couldn't 0:13:14.589,0:13:20.749 live without it, but it's very interesting[br]and it's helpful. How do we do that? Just 0:13:20.749,0:13:26.230 use on of those cheap integrated digital[br]temperature sensors, a Raspberry Pi, a 0:13:26.230,0:13:33.639 real time clock to date the measurement[br]protocol - that's just nice to have - and 0:13:33.639,0:13:41.639 a bit of python script. Mine is ugly, so[br]it's not published, but everybody can do 0:13:41.639,0:13:50.240 it. It's like a day of work that will[br]output a small website that shows the 0:13:50.240,0:13:56.850 current temperature graph. You can click[br]on this link and download the current 0:13:56.850,0:14:01.509 temperature, like all the measurements as[br]an Excel-file, and you can even download 0:14:01.509,0:14:08.489 former measurements. And that's why we[br]need the realtime clock so that we don't 0:14:08.489,0:14:16.750 start a chaos. That's all there is. If you[br]have WiFi that's nice because you can 0:14:16.750,0:14:21.269 leave the room well it's running. But[br]yeah, you see something is not going well 0:14:21.269,0:14:30.239 and then you rush back. So you probably[br]stay with it anyway. Now, this is how a 0:14:30.239,0:14:37.129 hypothetical run-through would look like.[br]A tablet in the background, showing the 0:14:37.129,0:14:41.860 temperatures, the WiFi-router ...[br]Laughter 0:14:41.860,0:14:52.069 It's a really great guy that he puts up[br]with this. So yeah, you open the lid, you 0:14:52.069,0:14:59.059 put in your mash. Remember this is only a[br]model. Then if your pressure cooker has a 0:14:59.059,0:15:07.860 broken locking-mechanism you use some[br]chains and a screw to keep the lid closed. 0:15:07.860,0:15:13.750 It's not as critical as actual pressure[br]cooker operation. 0:15:13.750,0:15:20.860 Laughter and applause[br]Yeah. It's not as critical as actual 0:15:20.860,0:15:25.110 pressure cooker operation because there[br]will be no pressure. If pressure builds up 0:15:25.110,0:15:33.429 you made some big mistake like plugging up[br]the cooling pipe. If you thought the chain 0:15:33.429,0:15:43.589 was funny then come around and show the[br]safety valve. it's like... yeah... as As I 0:15:43.589,0:15:49.410 said it's all cheap and made up. But it[br]works. No, it doesn't. 0:15:49.410,0:15:56.720 Laughter[br]It could work, so, as I said, you put mash 0:15:56.720,0:16:06.159 in, close the lid, turn on the gas stove.[br]It's a gas stove because with no other 0:16:06.159,0:16:14.089 kind of stove you can regulate the power as fast - maybe with an induction heater - but 0:16:14.089,0:16:21.110 that doesn't work with a GDR pressure cooker. Then you started heating. At some 0:16:21.110,0:16:26.839 point evaporation will start, it will go up[br]here, pass the thermometers so that we can 0:16:26.839,0:16:32.839 see the gas temperature. And then the gas[br]will run in here in the cooler. And there 0:16:32.839,0:16:39.759 it hopefully condensates so that we don't[br]blow up the operation. Yeah, we put some 0:16:39.759,0:16:46.430 great effort in into our non-functional[br]model. We even painted it to look chalked. (Laughter) 0:16:46.430,0:16:51.910 There is another thermometer in here so[br]that we see that the cooling system is as 0:16:51.910,0:16:53.419 cold as it's supposed to be. 0:16:54.899,0:16:59.889 And then if[br]it would work the alcohol would drop out 0:16:59.889,0:17:05.610 here and run over the last temperature[br]sensor so we can see 0:17:05.610,0:17:10.360 how warm it is. 0:17:10.360,0:17:14.229 Because if it gets too warm it will be[br]vapor and that's bad. 0:17:14.229,0:17:16.479 And just for the fun of it there's an 0:17:16.479,0:17:22.569 additional temperature[br]sensor on the connector board that's this 0:17:22.569,0:17:30.340 one here. Yeah. It's just to measure the[br]room temperature.So, yeah, now we come to 0:17:30.340,0:17:35.584 a totally made up graph of an operation. 0:17:35.584,0:17:40.039 The red line is the gas temperature that 0:17:40.039,0:17:45.720 is always the most important one. Because[br]at the current gas temperature, you can 0:17:45.720,0:17:54.059 see what, or you can at least guess, what[br]chemical is currently running ... 0:17:54.059,0:17:56.829 evaporating. 0:17:56.829,0:18:03.919 The big plateau you can see[br]at the top that is where the alcohol would 0:18:03.919,0:18:10.200 be, assuming that for a long time there[br]would be alcohol coming out of the mash, 0:18:10.200,0:18:18.000 that turns into a plateau. The orange[br]temperature is the air temperature. The 0:18:18.000,0:18:24.150 green line is what the output temperature[br]would be. At the beginning it's something 0:18:24.150,0:18:32.500 like the room temperature. And then at the[br]point where actual product starts dripping 0:18:32.500,0:18:40.179 out it cools down to the cooling water[br]temperature and then running through it at 0:18:40.179,0:18:46.810 some point it will start separating because[br]the cooling can't keep up because we don't 0:18:46.810,0:18:52.169 have a run-through cooler, we just have[br]water in there, and that will start to 0:18:52.169,0:18:59.500 heat up. The ticks at the end, where the[br]temperature suddenly drops, yeah, that 0:18:59.500,0:19:05.630 could be caused by having too high[br]temperature and too much alcohol running 0:19:05.630,0:19:11.690 through the cooler. So then you'd turn[br]down the heat a bit and it would start to 0:19:11.690,0:19:16.471 drop, and then you turn back up and it[br]starts rising again. And at the end of a 0:19:16.471,0:19:22.290 run-through, when you open the lid again[br]and the cold air comes there all the 0:19:22.290,0:19:29.500 temperatures drop again. And you're done[br]with it. So as I said, it's all 0:19:29.500,0:19:37.450 hypothetical. And the hypothetical results[br]could be something like ... Stop! There 0:19:37.450,0:19:46.899 was this methanol thing. So, with a still[br]of this size, you won't get any dangerous 0:19:46.899,0:19:59.070 amounts of methanol. Yeah, we just...To be[br]safe we drop the first 15 ml. We dispose 0:19:59.070,0:20:02.910 of them properly by burning them on the[br]ground. 0:20:02.910,0:20:03.160 laughter 0:20:03.160,0:20:14.440 Then, what could the output look like? 0:20:14.440,0:20:21.600 If you would do this, it'd be a[br]great idea to separate the output in 100 0:20:21.600,0:20:26.159 ml jars and measure each separately, so[br]that you can follow what happens. 0:20:26.159,0:20:34.590 And it could be like the first jar would be maybe[br]58%; maybe the 9th jar would be 35%, 0:20:34.590,0:20:39.309 because the higher the temperature gets[br]the more water evaporates and so the 0:20:39.309,0:20:41.430 alcohol rate is lower. 0:20:41.430,0:20:49.070 Of those six[br]glasses maybe the first six would be 0:20:49.070,0:20:55.500 usable, because the afterrun that has the[br]stuff that evaporates at the higher 0:20:55.500,0:21:04.049 temperatures would taste bad. And if you[br]wanted higher percentages, you could just 0:21:04.049,0:21:11.730 still it again and then you'd maybe get up[br]to 78%. As Francisco already said, we 0:21:11.730,0:21:20.190 measure the output of the still - we would[br]measure it - with the hydrometer. 0:21:20.190,0:21:29.179 And then 78% percent is nothing you ever drink, you[br]only taste alcohol and nothing of the 0:21:29.179,0:21:36.100 fruit, so if you had a still output with[br]78%, you would dilute it with water to 0:21:36.100,0:21:38.622 get it to 40. 0:21:38.622,0:21:47.269 Now, this is illegal, so we[br]don't do it, but there is another method 0:21:47.269,0:21:56.590 which is kind of interesting. It basically[br]uses the same principle, just it's not 0:21:56.590,0:22:02.510 separate boiling points, but separate[br]freezing points. And then, to use this, 0:22:02.510,0:22:09.480 you put alcohol -maybe red wine - into a[br]plastic bottle, put it into your freezer, 0:22:09.480,0:22:15.039 let it freeze through, and then you turn[br]it around, and the first stuff that will 0:22:15.039,0:22:22.990 drop out is alcohol. Kind of an[br]interesting picture is this here, because 0:22:22.990,0:22:31.020 we have liquid dropping down, which is so[br]cold that the condensation on the other 0:22:31.020,0:22:37.490 vessel freezes. So, we know the liquid is[br]something with a freezing point well below 0:22:37.490,0:22:43.659 the freezing point of water. If you[br]measure this, you'll see that the output 0:22:43.659,0:22:56.299 has something between 20% or 40% when[br]starting with a red wine of 10%, so it 0:22:56.299,0:23:02.630 really works. And I found it kind of[br]interesting, because - except some crazy 0:23:02.630,0:23:07.430 guy in Bavaria -, I don't know of anybody[br]actually using that. And that guy uses it 0:23:07.430,0:23:14.269 to the create world's strongest beer with[br]like 58% and it's still legally beer 0:23:14.269,0:23:18.149 because of German laws.[br]Laughter 0:23:18.149,0:23:28.049 Here we see... That's the stuff that[br]stayed in the bottle, after it unfroze. 0:23:28.049,0:23:33.840 And that's the stuff that dripped out[br]below, so if you put a light behind it, 0:23:33.840,0:23:41.850 you see that's the one side is much[br]darker, so apparently the pigment is 0:23:41.850,0:23:50.429 soluble in alcohol. It's just an[br]interesting fact we saw, too. Well, that's 0:23:50.429,0:23:57.250 what we did. So in conclusion, it's[br]totally possible to build a non-functional 0:23:57.250,0:24:04.740 model of a still with hardware-store[br]parts. Running this... risks exist, but 0:24:04.740,0:24:09.650 are manageable. Watch out for proper[br]cooling; with such a cooler, it's just... 0:24:09.650,0:24:16.940 make sure that there is water in it before[br]you start it. Methanol poisoning can be 0:24:16.940,0:24:27.580 prevented by using a clean mash like mash[br]you'd drink unstilled. And discarding the 0:24:27.580,0:24:36.000 first 15 ml. And if you had something like[br]this and say you tried to still whisky, 0:24:36.000,0:24:43.559 you should look out for foaming, because[br]if you try to run it too fast, maybe the 0:24:43.559,0:24:51.639 mash would foam up and clog your still and[br]it'd be bad. So yeah, don't do that. In 0:24:51.639,0:24:55.830 conclusion, it's great fun...[br]theoretically. 0:24:55.830,0:25:00.380 Laughter[br]And yes, do not do this. It's illegal. 0:25:00.380,0:25:02.140 Thank you. 0:25:02.140,0:25:11.390 Applause 0:25:11.390,0:25:17.549 H: What a fabulous, practical[br]introduction. So we have now five minutes 0:25:17.549,0:25:25.380 for Q and A... Everybody who wants to ask[br]a question please go to the microphones, 0:25:25.380,0:25:35.799 and please stay in the room for this five[br]minutes. If there are any... Keep in mind, 0:25:35.799,0:25:42.389 this time everybody has to go out on this[br]side. So is there any question in the 0:25:42.389,0:25:42.639 room? Microphone 1 please. 0:25:42.639,0:25:50.019 [br]Mic1: Yes, thank you for the talk. Thank 0:25:50.019,0:25:57.630 you for the ideas. Do you know how the[br]legal aspects are in Switzerland? 0:25:57.630,0:26:00.869 Restrained laughter 0:26:00.869,0:26:06.049 Stefan (S): In Switzerland you guys are 0:26:06.049,0:26:10.049 actually quite well off, because you are[br]allowed to have small stills until the 0:26:10.049,0:26:18.120 capacity of 5 litres. We have until the[br]end of the 2070ies that 0.5 l, which is 0:26:18.120,0:26:24.360 basically useless. You can try it once,[br]but for each run you get maybe a shot of 0:26:24.360,0:26:30.639 usable liquor. In Switzerland, you have 5[br]l and then you get at least some... yeah, 0:26:30.639,0:26:36.039 200 ml of usable spirits, and this is[br]actually fun to tinker with. This is 0:26:36.039,0:26:40.659 something you and your fellows can, well,[br]have a decent evening. 0:26:40.659,0:26:45.470 H: Microphone 5.[br]Mic5: Yeah, so... When I saw the 0:26:45.470,0:26:50.409 electronics, that's usually not so safe to[br]drink from lead and everything. So, do you 0:26:50.409,0:26:55.649 have any tips for how to solder, so it's[br]safe for drinking? 0:26:55.649,0:27:04.989 W: Yeah, I forgot to mention it, we used[br]lead free solder. That's a really great 0:27:04.989,0:27:12.590 comment of you. And I looked it up and[br]solder, you can find it in the hardware 0:27:12.590,0:27:18.703 store next to the copper tubes that is[br]lead-free. But check that to be sure. 0:27:18.703,0:27:22.619 You don't want lead into your spirits. 0:27:22.619,0:27:24.059 H: Microphone 1. 0:27:24.059,0:27:30.710 Mic1: Would you do the cooling per air[br]flow instead of water? 0:27:30.710,0:27:39.000 W: I've seen online some people who did[br]that with a construction that looked kind 0:27:39.000,0:27:45.909 of like a CPU cooler attached to something[br]which had the vaporized alcohol run 0:27:45.909,0:27:56.899 through it. I mean, it'd be illegal to[br]try, so I haven't and... But this guy 0:27:56.899,0:28:03.890 apparently has and it worked for him, so..[br]Yeah. But I don't know how you'd 0:28:03.890,0:28:10.110 construct the copper block which you[br]attach to the CPU cooler, so there's that. 0:28:10.110,0:28:16.669 S: I've seen silver etchings in really,[br]really old manuscripts that were using 0:28:16.669,0:28:22.570 just air to cool down, but... well, that's[br]technology 500 years ago that says "Yeah, 0:28:22.570,0:28:25.778 use water." 0:28:25.778,0:28:27.450 H: Microphone 5. 0:28:27.450,0:28:37.889 Mic5: You showed the glass part still and[br]you said this could not be purchased after 0:28:37.889,0:28:44.100 the 1st of January, right? But if you just[br]purchase the single parts, because it's 0:28:44.100,0:28:48.179 standard lab equipment, is this also[br]illegal? 0:28:48.179,0:28:52.529 S: Yes, I mean, you don't purchase a still[br]per se, do you? 0:28:52.529,0:28:55.659 Mic5: Exactly, it's standard glass...[br]S: I don't think this is gonna be a 0:28:55.659,0:29:01.429 problem, but, you know there's laboratory[br]equipments and they sell you a still made 0:29:01.429,0:29:08.799 from glass for training distillation...[br]And this costs some 250 euros and they 0:29:08.799,0:29:14.960 sell you the same exact part this still is[br]made of for cheaper. So basically, order 3 0:29:14.960,0:29:19.809 or times...3 or 4 times different[br]equipment parts, maybe from different... 0:29:19.809,0:29:24.720 And...I mean, this is ridiculous. Really,[br]it is. 0:29:24.720,0:29:26.559 Mic5: Thanks. 0:29:26.559,0:29:27.919 H: Okay, Mikrophone 1. 0:29:27.919,0:29:32.720 Mic1: Yeah, hi. Thank you for your[br]theoretical explanation. I have one 0:29:32.720,0:29:35.700 question but first I just wanted to[br]mention, that you can build all this 0:29:35.700,0:29:41.640 without programming. You can buy a[br]physical thing to measure the temperature, 0:29:41.640,0:29:46.850 so if anybody is afraid because of that[br]part. And than yeah, my question is there 0:29:46.850,0:29:52.690 a reason why you don't use or just[br]mentioned, turbo yeast, stuff like 0:29:52.690,0:29:58.880 that where you can reach 20 percents in[br]two days. Is it not that tasty or stuff? 0:29:58.880,0:30:04.700 N: Yeah, I think actually we just used the[br]first one, we got hands on, didn't we? 0:30:04.700,0:30:10.440 For the first experiments. I mean, you could[br]try it but then you always have, it has 0:30:10.440,0:30:13.821 negative parts, so... maybe it's the[br]taste, maybe it's something else. 0:30:13.821,0:30:19.637 But I mean, I wouldn't claim that you [br]achieve high quality taste with 0:30:19.637,0:30:21.652 what we just showed. 0:30:21.652,0:30:24.850 S: I can answer one part for the 0:30:24.850,0:30:30.019 "Abfindungsbrennerei", you could use turbo[br]yeast, but turbo yeast is something... 0:30:30.019,0:30:34.919 I'm not really sure about the translation. It[br]is called "Hefenährsalze" which is salts, 0:30:34.919,0:30:38.975 that you need, to actually have an[br]environment for this turbo yeast. And these 0:30:38.975,0:30:42.964 "Hefenährsalze" are unfortunely not[br]allowed in "Abfindungsbrennerei". 0:30:42.964,0:30:47.820 So usally you don't...you don't use turbo[br]yeast and you don't actually need it for 0:30:47.820,0:30:52.090 fruit spirits. It's okay, if you want to[br]make grain spirits but you know the higher 0:30:52.090,0:30:59.010 the yeast ferments the less taste and[br]scent remains in the destillate. 0:30:59.010,0:31:03.129 So we won't have taste otherwise we could just[br]buy vodka in the store. 0:31:03.129,0:31:09.749 H: Okay, Mikrophone 5, please.[br]Mic5: Thanks again for your talk. 0:31:09.749,0:31:15.889 Regarding the cooling. Is it necessary to[br]cool it with room temperature water or why 0:31:15.889,0:31:23.440 not chuck in some ice cubes or crushed ice[br]to keep the temperature lower or hinder 0:31:23.440,0:31:26.429 the rising of the temperature in the[br]cooling vessel? 0:31:26.429,0:31:32.259 W: Well let's say we had run this[br]hypothetical operation in our minds 0:31:32.259,0:31:38.160 multiple times. Maybe the first time we[br]had tried it with ice cubes and then 0:31:38.160,0:31:47.080 started exchanging the water. Maybe we had[br]a few times thought about running it and 0:31:47.080,0:31:52.759 using just tap water and exchanging the[br]tap water multiple times. And then maybe 0:31:52.759,0:31:59.289 in our minds one time we forgot to change[br]the water and it still would have worked, 0:31:59.289,0:32:07.640 so we made up all further operations just[br]with a bucket of water and not changing 0:32:07.640,0:32:13.279 it, so yeah. Point is, that's the easiest[br]way and it works. 0:32:13.279,0:32:17.850 M5: Excellent.[br]H: And I saw there is some question from 0:32:17.850,0:32:20.850 the internet.[br]Signal angel: Exactly. The internet wants 0:32:20.850,0:32:29.950 to know if there is a limit or a legal[br]limit to the freeze destilation of the ice 0:32:29.950,0:32:35.330 rifing process?[br]W: I tried to look it up, but I didn't 0:32:35.330,0:32:43.889 find anything about it. So, maybe there is[br]a thing that if you... 0:32:43.889,0:32:50.440 Let's just stay with the beer guy from[br]Bavaria. The customs actually have a page 0:32:50.440,0:32:58.749 about producing beer at home. You can do[br]that legally in Germany and the first 100 0:32:58.749,0:33:04.960 liters are tax free, so you can just do[br]that. So, yeah, then you have 100 liters 0:33:04.960,0:33:09.610 of beer and you start concentrating them[br]and when you are done with that it gets 0:33:09.610,0:33:16.549 complicated. So, I guess that's the limit.[br]And then that guy probably just taxes the 0:33:16.549,0:33:21.600 further beer and that's how he does it.[br]N: But then you don't have to register 0:33:21.600,0:33:26.250 your freezer at the tax office so maybe[br]people won't be that eager to check. 0:33:26.250,0:33:31.230 H: Ok then the last two questions,[br]Microphone 1. 0:33:31.230,0:33:36.980 Mic1: Okay, so my question is about the[br]freezing method as well. What is about the 0:33:36.980,0:33:41.539 methanol for the freezing method. Is there[br]some way to get rid of this, or is it 0:33:41.539,0:33:47.519 really unnecessary?[br]W: Well, as I said the stuff in the 0:33:47.519,0:33:54.350 pictures was red wine from Aldi because[br]you don't experiment with expensive stuff. 0:33:54.350,0:34:03.570 And if I drink a whole bottle of Aldi red[br]wine, nothing bad happens to me. So I 0:34:03.570,0:34:08.260 guess if I take any part of a bottle of[br]red wine from Aldi, nothing bad will 0:34:08.260,0:34:10.180 happen, too. So there's that. 0:34:10.180,0:34:15.470 Mic1: So there shouldn't be [br]methanol in the orginal stuff. 0:34:15.470,0:34:20.588 A: There probably will be but less [br]enough so that it's not a problem. 0:34:20.588,0:34:22.150 [br]H: Okay. 0:34:22.150,0:34:27.540 S:The thing about the methanol is, if I'm[br]allowed to add, methanol comes from the 0:34:27.540,0:34:32.962 pectines. Pectines are basically the[br]building substance of the cells. 0:34:32.962,0:34:39.020 But if you have juice or wine we already pressed [br]it down and the pectins stay in the stuff 0:34:39.020,0:34:45.750 we throw away and so in the juice and in[br]the wine that we cool down so there is 0:34:45.750,0:34:51.400 very little methanol in it. That is[br]different if we make a mash and have all 0:34:51.400,0:34:56.102 the cell residue still in the mash, then[br]we have the methanol in this mash. 0:34:56.110,0:34:59.042 And so we have it in the destillate. 0:34:59.042,0:35:02.070 H: Okay, the last question, [br]microphone one please. 0:35:02.070,0:35:08.605 Mic1: Hi. Thanks for a great talk. My questions [br]are around the head, hearts and tail, 0:35:08.605,0:35:13.190 the hacked distilling method that, [br]I gather, you pretty much did 0:35:13.190,0:35:17.200 what you took for second[br]third, fourth part of it, and you divided 0:35:17.200,0:35:23.940 it up like that. But in the craft[br]distillery, how do you do to use it, but 0:35:23.940,0:35:29.100 controlling the temperature of the[br]evaporation and the stilling liquid, or 0:35:29.100,0:35:33.889 do you also do it by breaking into segments? [br]What's the technique you used to separate? 0:35:33.889,0:35:37.100 [br]S: There's actually many roads that lead 0:35:37.100,0:35:42.330 to Rome. So you could basically use this[br]fractioning method that there was 0:35:42.330,0:35:47.355 described here that you just take one liter and [br]one liter and one liter and then you check it 0:35:47.355,0:35:53.200 by smelling and tasting, if it's okay, or[br]if it's not. And then the other way is, 0:35:53.200,0:35:58.520 for example, temperature control. So if[br]you buy a modern still from an experienced 0:35:58.520,0:36:04.470 copper smith, this is made with any types[br]of sensors and that are telling you the 0:36:04.470,0:36:08.240 temperatures, the flow, the alcohol[br]content. So you can basically program your 0:36:08.240,0:36:14.400 still to automatically cut the foreshots[br]and the aftershots. So this is another 0:36:14.400,0:36:19.620 way. Then you could, for example, distill[br]once or twice, and with the first 0:36:19.620,0:36:24.140 distillation, just take every alcohol[br]that's coming out and then collect this 0:36:24.140,0:36:29.380 first run, and then redistill it, and then[br]make your cuts for the heads and the 0:36:29.380,0:36:32.900 tails. And you can make it otherwise it[br]can cut the head and tails in the first 0:36:32.900,0:36:39.780 run, and then just basically concentrate[br]in the redistillation. So there's many 0:36:39.780,0:36:44.020 roads that lead to Rome and you're just[br]gonna find out your way that suits you 0:36:44.020,0:36:52.480 best. But if you start, I would take the[br]fracturing, the fracturing method. Yes. 0:36:52.480,0:36:56.850 Mic1: What was your run, your still on?[br]What technique did you use for your 0:36:56.850,0:37:00.574 business, your still? 0:37:00.574,0:37:04.880 S: You mean my still at home? [br]The craft still that I get on the...? 0:37:04.880,0:37:07.385 Yeah, this is experience. 0:37:07.385,0:37:09.875 So we know the first 1.5 liters[br]is foreshots, 0:37:09.875,0:37:14.577 so we collect those and then we[br]redistill them again. But. Yeah. 0:37:14.577,0:37:20.770 At some time my great-grandfather, most[br]probably found out the way and he taught them 0:37:20.770,0:37:26.414 his son and his son. And I know that I[br]didn't need to get rid of 1.5l of foreshots. 0:37:26.414,0:37:28.800 Mic1: Thank you.[br]S: You are welcome. 0:37:28.800,0:37:33.138 H: Then at the end of[br]this double feature, I expect a very big 0:37:33.138,0:37:41.573 warm applause for Franziska, Andreas,[br]and Stefan 0:37:41.573,0:37:46.320 Applause 0:37:46.320,0:38:11.000 subtitles created by c3subtitles.de[br]in the year 2019. Join, and help us!