WEBVTT
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There is a tiger in town,
let loose by the WWF...
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...the world's most powerful nature
conservation organisation.
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The last 3200 tigers are facing extinction.
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Such messages target
the human heart.
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The Worldwide Fund for Nature acts to
protect threatened species...
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...the environment and the last
remaining rainforests.
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The WWF panda is a
trusted logo, helping...
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...to bring in around
$600,000,000 a year.
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But we discovered that
behind the pretty pictures...
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...the WWF has another,
ugly face.
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It collaborates with companies
that destroy tropical rainforests...
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...and thus the habitat
of tigers, and of people.
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The WWF shares responsibility for
the destruction of our rainforests.
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We set out to unearth the
secrets of the WWF.
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A journey into the heart
of the green empire.
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Our expedition began in India,
where according to the WWF's...
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...own figures around
1400 tigers remain.
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We headed for
the Kanha reserve.
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At the Singinawa Jungle Lodge
we ran into a tour group...
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...on an exclusive package adventure offered
by the WWF travel agency Natural Habitat.
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It's called Wild India.
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Price tag: $10,000 a head.
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We were off on tiger safari.
The tour guide promised:
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With us, you'll get to see
one of the last living tigers.
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The men who keep tiger
boulevard tidy once reigned...
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...over the forest as free
indigenous Adivasi.
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Now they serve the
tourist industry.
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The breakfast assembly area.
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There used to be an Adivasi
village here but the WWF...
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...claimed the natives disturbed the
peace of the tiger habitat.
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There are meadows and
another tiger is here.
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We might take a chance.
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Tiger alarm! The race
was on for the best view.
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Only the first-comers stand a chance of
getting a ringside seat at the tiger circus.
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Hundred-fifty five jeeps
are admitted to the rally...
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...ploughing through the core zone of the
tiger reserve. Eight hours a day, every day.
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Just wait, wait..
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Halt! The ranger has
discovered a tiger track.
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The tour guide heard the tiger warning
call of a monkey.
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Suspense was mounting.
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False alarm. Only tiger feed.
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Mr. Rhana, the owner of the jungle lodge, is
a member of the Nepalese royal family.
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He showed us
his treasures.
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This hunt took place in Nepal
in 1913. Our family was ruling.
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This was a hunt arranged by
my great-grandfather...
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... who ruled at that time for George V...
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...the emperor of India.
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And so you see that
they shot tigers here.
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In this hunt there were 39.
In the other hunt 120.
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You can see how they hunted.
You see the ring of elephants.
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It's a complete ring,
a whole ring.
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The ring closes and
the tigers are inside.
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When the ring gets very
small the tigers come out...
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...and they shoot them,
which is not very fair.
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It was a quite unfair
sort of sport.
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The only way you can ensure that
you get a reasonable wildlife hab...
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...what you like to call
it.. population...
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...is by making sure
they're balanced.
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You can't just leave it to
nature because we're...
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...interfering with
nature all the time.
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And so you protect some things
by doing away with the predators.
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Otherwise it won't work.
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January 1961, the queen and her
prince consort on big game hunt.
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The beaters used goats
to attract the prey.
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The Windsor party didn't
leave many tigers behind.
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The kill-shot had been
reserved for Elisabeth II...
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...but at the last moment she
deferred to her husband.
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I've never been big
game hunting.
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No, never...
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Except on one occasion
in India which was...
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I've shot one tiger
in my life, that's all.
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A princely pratfall.
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The photo was published to a
storm of indignation in Britain...
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...just when Philip and his friends
were inaugurating the WWF...
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...on September 11, 1961.
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But that's old news. So
where did the tiger...
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...campaign millions
actually end up?
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The WWF points to investment in
photo traps, set up in the jungle...
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...so that tigers can be viewed live in
their habitat on the WWF website.
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A PR stunt that does
nothing for the tigers.
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Vasudha is a wildlife photographer
living alone at the edge of a tiger reserve.
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She believes that the WWF tiger
hype does more harm than good.
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I've been living in this area
for the last four years...
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...and I've spotted the cat
about seven times. That is all...
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A direct sighting, without
me disturbing...
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...or intruding or forceful
tracking the tiger.
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Talking about tourism, why
aren't we talking about...
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...the amount of pollution
that is being sent out.
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The amount of smoke that is going
out. The amount of sound...
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Animals are very sensitive.
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Do you think the tiger will
be comfortable to come out...
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...in front of a jeep?
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That is because you have access
to a jeep and you go inside the core area.
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In the name of tourism you are
actually spoiling pristine forest.
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Vasudha gave up her job at HSBC
Bank in London for her life here.
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Her jungle neighbours taught her
how to live alongside the wild animals.
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The children walk seven kilometres
through the jungle to school...
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...and they come back.
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So if that girl doesn't fear,
why should I fear?
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The father of ten-year old Preebi told
us she had come face to face...
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...with a tiger recently
while fetching water.
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Was she afraid? No, even
though he had a huge head.
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A friend from Bangalore
had come for a visit...
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...Ullash Kumar, an environmental
activist who opposes...
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...the WWF tiger campaign.
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It pulls in big money but the tigers
don't benefit from any of it.
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More and more parks are being declared
because you get more and more money.
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Actually, there have been
instances where, like in Mukurti...
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...where only one or
two tigers live.
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It was supposed to be a tiger
reserve. It's rainforest.
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It's a scam, a
political scam.
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People of that area will tell you that the last
tiger seen was thirty, forty years back...
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...before the tiger project
was declared.
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When it was started in 1974 we had
roughly five thousand tigers.
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If the project was successful, today we
should have had at least ten thousand.
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Or at least six thousand,
eight thousand.
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I know money is coming in
but it's not helping.
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The money has made the scientists and
the forest department officials very rich.
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They have new vehicles, they are
building more buildings...
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...in the name of
promoting eco tourism.
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I'm going to see
that the tribes are gone.
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They say the tribes are a
problem for the tiger habitat...
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...but they want to bring in
urban.. so-called eco tourists...
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...in the name of
the tiger project.
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Ullash Kumar discovered his
own love of nature...
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...in a WWF children's group.
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Later, doubts arose.
Why does the WWF...
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...want to drive the people
out of the forests?
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The Adivasi live in and from the
jungle habitat and also protect it.
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Now a million of them have
been targeted for resettlement.
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The WWF and the government say that
humans and tigers cannot coexist.
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We went to see a honey-gathering
tribe in Nagarhole National Park.
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They too are facing removal.
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To break the resistance of these
Adivasi, the forestry department...
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...has prohibited them from gathering
honey in the jungle.
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The WWF has accused them of killing tigers
and selling them to Chinese business men.
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We do not kill tigers.
We worship them.
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Deep in the jungle, over there in
the next village is a tiger temple.
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In addition we revere the
elephant. The whole forest is sacred...
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...to us and we protect it.
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The authorities and the WWF say,
take the $16,000 in compensation...
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...and clear out of here.
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Why? We've been living here
since time in memorial...
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...in harmony with nature.
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If we're chased away
the forest too will vanish.
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Our relationship with the forest is
like that of a child to its mother.
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The western environmental
groups can't understand that.
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We wanted to talk to the WWF
about their tiger policies.
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WWF International hq in Switzerland
first agreed to speak with us...
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...but then terminated discussions
with no explanation.
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Onwards to Indonesia,
5,000 kilometres to the south.
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The island of Borneo still boasts intact
mangrove forests along its coasts.
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The WWF raises money across the globe
to save the orang utan and it does in fact...
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...act to preserve existing national
parks that are home to orang utans.
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But this is the reality beyond the
borders of the few protected parks.
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Rainforest is disappearing to make
room for palm oil plantations...
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...for the food and biofuel industries.
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Who is responsible?
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Here, in Central Kalimantan it is the Singapore-
based multinational corporation Wilmar.
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The WWF has a consultation contract
with the corporation on sustainability.
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The WWF supports plant-based
energy production worldwide...
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...a monoculture model that
is rapidly eliminating forests...
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...and animals and displacing
traditional forest farmers.
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Nordin documents environmental
crime in Borneo...
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...for the nature
alliance Friends of the Earth.
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The WWF says palm oil can
be produced sustainably.
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Look around you. How
can this be sustainable?
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Nothing else can
grow here anymore.
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The partnership of the Wilmar
Corporation with the WWF...
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...improves the company's image
but not its methods.
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I have no evidence that the WWF is corrupt
but they do help the industry...
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...to extend its
reach still further.
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They take consultancy fees to greenwash
destructive production practices.
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They adhere to the same
strategy as the corporation...
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...which can now go ahead and
annihilate the rainforests...
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...with the blessing
of the WWF.
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A driving tour of a
biologically dead zone.
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Rats are the only
animals still living there.
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WWF functionaries have joined
forces with the industry lobby...
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...to propose such plantations be
recognised as 'reforestation'.
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If they succeed, the palm oil
companies will also...
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...get emission credits
as a profit bonus.
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In this area the effluent is
simply fed into the ground.
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They are contaminating
the nearby river.
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This is prohibited by
land use regulations.
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Oil palms have to grow for five years
before the first oil fruit can be harvested.
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We got lost driving through the endless
monotony of the plantations.
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Thanks to gps we managed to
find our way out of the labyrinth.
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Near evening, we arrived in
Sembulu, a last leftover village.
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The people here once lived in and
from the rainforest as forest farmers.
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But the government has leased
the land to industry.
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A very few have found
work on the plantations...
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...others can earn a living
from fishing the lake.
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But runoff from the nearby oil
mills is polluting the water.
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The farmers have not yet conceded
the fight for their land...
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...some of them even
have land deeds.
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But the government has leased
their forest to the...
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...Wilmar Corporation nonetheless.
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Nordin has founded the human
rights group Save Our Borneo...
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...and advices
the farmers.
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Nordin got an
unexpected sms:
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Get out of Sembulu immediately or
we'll get rid of you permanently.
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It wasn't the first time the environmental
activist had received a death threat.
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One of the farmers invited us on an excursion
into his former tropical forest garden.
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This was my land. I had planted fruit
trees amongst the trees of the forest.
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Here stood the big rubber trees
that were my livelihood.
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One day, heavy machinery came
and crushed everything in its path...
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...with no clearance permit.
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I went to Wilmar management
and objected.
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In vain. And I even have
a deed of ownership.
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This is the land
of my ancestors.
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For five years I had been fighting
against the company.
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Once, they even sent the
military to chase me off...
00:16:56.680 --> 00:16:59.680
...but I keep coming back.
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Baktaran chops down the hated oil palms
and risks landing in prison for doing so.
00:17:08.839 --> 00:17:14.099
Like these farmers, who
also fought expropriation.
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How am I supposed to feed
my children? It's hopeless.
00:17:28.220 --> 00:17:30.040
Help us.
00:17:34.880 --> 00:17:40.720
It sickens the soul,
we're innocent.
00:17:44.260 --> 00:17:51.040
At the WWF office in the capital Jakarta we
confronted Amalia Prameswari with the pictures.
00:17:51.120 --> 00:17:56.380
She is responsible for the palm
oil partnership with Wilmar.
00:17:57.620 --> 00:18:05.400
Personally I have not heard
of this case until today.
00:18:08.000 --> 00:18:14.180
And well, it's.. it would be a
disappointment of course that, say..
00:18:14.460 --> 00:18:19.440
...that Wilmar really let this…
such thing happen.
00:18:19.980 --> 00:18:29.600
On the other hand, they also have other sustainability
practices in place in other areas of Indonesia.
00:18:31.380 --> 00:18:35.360
Such as here, on this
plantation in Sawit.
00:18:35.520 --> 00:18:39.520
It literally stinks to high heaven,
due to untreated waste water.
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This plantation was in the process of
being certified 'sustainable' with the seal...
00:18:43.780 --> 00:18:47.960
...of approval of the Round Table on
Sustainable Palm Oil
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...an organisation that unites over 400
palm oil industry players and the WWF.
00:18:55.200 --> 00:18:58.920
With the green stamp of approval
the company can cash in on...
00:18:59.020 --> 00:19:02.240
...European subsidies for
regenerative energy.
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Environmental organisations, such as Greenpeace,
characterise the certification system practice...
00:19:08.160 --> 00:19:12.040
...by the WWF and industry
as 'fraudulent labelling'.
00:19:12.700 --> 00:19:18.640
There is no biodiversity and
too many chemicals.
00:19:18.920 --> 00:19:23.780
So animals cannot live here…
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...too many chemicals and
there is no biodiversity.
00:19:32.760 --> 00:19:35.260
On to the next Wilmar plantation.
00:19:36.280 --> 00:19:39.140
Here, the WWF had managed to
stipulate that some of the forest...
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...not to be chopped down.
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Eighty hectares were left intact.
00:19:45.200 --> 00:19:49.000
Eighty, from 14,500.
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In the midst of the palm oil production
site we found the remaining bit of forest.
00:19:57.720 --> 00:20:01.640
You can walk across it
in twenty minutes.
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This used to be a significant
orang utan habitat.
00:20:11.060 --> 00:20:15.560
According to our monitoring
a few months ago...
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...we found two orang utans here.
00:20:20.800 --> 00:20:23.420
The forest is too small.
00:20:24.040 --> 00:20:29.140
Orang utans need very
much forest to find food.
00:20:30.060 --> 00:20:33.760
To survive they go
into the plantation...
00:20:33.900 --> 00:20:40.200
...and of course the company
gets angry and kills them.
00:20:41.820 --> 00:20:44.400
A token 'sustainable forest'.
00:20:45.400 --> 00:20:50.460
What compels the WWF to get
into bed with agribusiness?
00:20:52.640 --> 00:20:55.880
The search for an answer took us
to Geneva, Switzerland...
00:20:56.140 --> 00:20:58.760
...the epicentre of global
agricultural trading...
00:20:59.420 --> 00:21:02.760
...an arena in which the WWF
appears quite at home.
00:21:03.520 --> 00:21:07.020
The organisation offers green
certificates to industry...
00:21:07.460 --> 00:21:12.280
...for tropical woods, corn, soy,
fish, sugar cane and palm oil.
00:21:13.140 --> 00:21:16.760
The world congress for
bio-ethenol was in full swing.
00:21:16.960 --> 00:21:21.560
The WWF was the only
NGO to be invited.
00:21:22.860 --> 00:21:27.360
Dörte Bieler heads the biomass
section at WWF Germany.
00:21:27.740 --> 00:21:30.880
We had to leave the hall
before her speech.
00:21:31.220 --> 00:21:34.920
According to the minutes she offered the
industry players support for their business.
00:21:36.200 --> 00:21:38.960
The WWF was in
favour, she said...
00:21:39.220 --> 00:21:43.520
...of sacrificing even more
land for bio energy production.
00:21:44.440 --> 00:21:52.460
She added: we're different than other nature
conservancy organisations. We're constructive.
00:21:54.720 --> 00:22:01.060
We filmed in Indonesia at a new plantation
created with the approval of the WWF.
00:22:02.020 --> 00:22:07.040
It includes a high conservation value
forest that's been kept intact.
00:22:07.500 --> 00:22:12.400
With orang utans. Eighty hectares on a
14,000 hectare plantation, 0,5 percent.
00:22:12.920 --> 00:22:17.620
Can you call it a success when
99,5 percent is destroyed?'
00:22:19.040 --> 00:22:20.780
It's a start.
00:22:21.540 --> 00:22:24.000
If the WWF hadn't collaborated,
the company...
00:22:24.220 --> 00:22:28.360
...would have converted the
entire rainforest to plantation.
00:22:29.140 --> 00:22:33.040
Eighty hectares. That means
certain death for these orang utans.
00:22:33.600 --> 00:22:37.640
Absolutely certain death would be if
the eighty hectares were gone too.
00:22:38.280 --> 00:22:43.680
The intention may well be to enforce
sustainability by engaging in close dialogue...
00:22:43.940 --> 00:22:50.120
...but isn't there a chance you could
fall into a trap and end up being...
00:22:50.400 --> 00:22:54.180
...used to greenwash so to speak
this type of production?
00:22:54.660 --> 00:22:58.320
The WWF has a very strict code of
conduct in order to prevent just that.
00:22:59.300 --> 00:23:03.920
Our partnership contracts always state
that funding has no binding implications.
00:23:04.340 --> 00:23:10.320
Both partners can terminate the relationship
should they ever become dissatisfied with it.
00:23:13.000 --> 00:23:15.300
And that's enough for you?
00:23:16.000 --> 00:23:21.680
The fact is, we live in a world with a global
economy and money plays an obvious role.
00:23:22.480 --> 00:23:24.780
There are costs involved in everything
and I don't know why...
00:23:25.000 --> 00:23:27.060
...you want to portray that
as something negative.
00:23:27.440 --> 00:23:32.900
It costs money to fly here and
give a lecture for instance...
00:23:33.420 --> 00:23:37.800
...but I have to be here in person
to deliver our message effectively.
00:23:38.920 --> 00:23:44.340
You know what I mean though. Other nature conservancy
organisations reject major donations.
00:23:44.640 --> 00:23:53.040
They say the risk of dependency is too great
when you close ranks with big industry.
00:23:57.120 --> 00:24:00.740
Yes, but other NGOs perhaps
don't have the same impact.
00:24:01.580 --> 00:24:05.240
Ok, what is your impact?
Where is the success?
00:24:08.000 --> 00:24:10.680
For one thing, as an ngo it's
nice not to be sneered at...
00:24:10.960 --> 00:24:13.820
...but to be accepted as a
competent dialogue partner.
00:24:14.700 --> 00:24:17.080
Our work is science-based.
00:24:17.640 --> 00:24:22.920
We always do a study first before expressing an
opinion and we try not to rely on emotionality.
00:24:23.840 --> 00:24:28.700
We've been able to achieve quite a
bit with this science-based approach.
00:24:29.940 --> 00:24:30.960
For example?
00:24:36.300 --> 00:24:40.640
I couldn't come up with anything
you wouldn't find fault with.
00:24:42.540 --> 00:24:44.560
How is this for an example?
00:24:44.780 --> 00:24:46.720
The HSBC bank in London.
00:24:46.920 --> 00:24:50.100
It's a member of the Round Table on
Sustainable Palm Oil...
00:24:50.340 --> 00:24:52.240
...founded by the WWF.
00:24:53.140 --> 00:24:57.360
The world's largest bank provides
financing for the palm oil industry...
00:24:57.640 --> 00:25:00.940
...and the WWF isn't
left empty-handed.
00:25:01.080 --> 00:25:08.100
The bank has donated one 100 million
dollars to a climate partnership with the WWF.
00:25:09.160 --> 00:25:13.980
So many of these companies are being
criticised for contaminating the environment...
00:25:14.060 --> 00:25:20.480
...for deforestation, destroying rivers.
00:25:22.460 --> 00:25:24.640
They need some kind of cover.
00:25:26.100 --> 00:25:31.600
Companies are essentially buying
the panda, just to greenwash things.
00:25:32.080 --> 00:25:38.240
By saying, oh yes we have an alliance
with the WWF, so everything's fine.
00:25:38.860 --> 00:25:41.760
Mac Chapin lives at the
foot of the Rocky Mountains.
00:25:41.980 --> 00:25:45.760
An anthropologist, he has
worked for over forty years...
00:25:45.980 --> 00:25:48.040
...with indigenous people
in the rainforests.
00:25:48.240 --> 00:25:51.800
He has first-hand experience
with the WWF.
00:25:52.940 --> 00:25:58.440
The indigenous people have awful problems with
the penetration of petroleum companies...
00:25:58.600 --> 00:26:02.400
...mining and the
biofuel plantations.
00:26:03.040 --> 00:26:07.760
They're just sweeping
through those areas...
00:26:12.240 --> 00:26:16.600
...and a number of these companies give
money to the conservation groups...
00:26:18.320 --> 00:26:22.200
...and so they tend to stay away
from criticising them.
00:26:23.140 --> 00:26:27.200
They're working with the companies
that are destroying the ecosystem.
00:26:27.740 --> 00:26:31.480
Now, to say that they are influencing them
in one way or another...
00:26:32.580 --> 00:26:34.680
...I just don't see it.
00:26:38.760 --> 00:26:42.040
The WWF was built
on old money.
00:26:42.620 --> 00:26:50.400
Founding members included A list British aristocracy
with solid family, financial and educational pedigrees.
00:26:51.140 --> 00:26:54.280
Sir Peter Scott, celebrated natural
scientist, took prince Philip...
00:26:54.480 --> 00:26:58.340
...sailing to fill him
in on the WWF project.
00:27:00.000 --> 00:27:04.020
Peter Scott said we're going to set
this thing up, and would I be president?
00:27:05.100 --> 00:27:07.800
I said I would be
president of the UK thing...
00:27:07.820 --> 00:27:10.720
...but I wouldn't be of the international because...
00:27:10.740 --> 00:27:13.560
...I was president of the International
Equestrian Federation at the time...
00:27:13.660 --> 00:27:17.680
...and I said I can't do two
international things at once.
00:27:17.820 --> 00:27:21.400
But I said I know that prince
Bernhard of The Netherlands is very interested...
00:27:21.460 --> 00:27:25.060
...in wild animals
and conservation.
00:27:25.140 --> 00:27:28.360
He happens to be staying at The
Carriages so if you pop along...
00:27:28.400 --> 00:27:30.400
...and ask him.
You may get him.
00:27:30.480 --> 00:27:32.220
This is what he did.
00:27:32.440 --> 00:27:38.700
Prince Bernhard came on board bringing the
first corporate sponsor - Shell - along with him.
00:27:38.800 --> 00:27:45.440
In 1967, thousands of seabirds perished
after an oil tanker spill off the coast of France.
00:27:45.560 --> 00:27:55.880
WWF leadership prohibited any form of criticism "that could
jeopardise donations from certain branches of industry."
00:27:56.040 --> 00:28:00.380
Bernhard also looked after Africa,
where wild game poachers...
00:28:00.500 --> 00:28:04.320
...were an increasing
problem in the national parks.
00:28:04.880 --> 00:28:10.660
The WWF financed armed anti-poaching
commandos. In Zimbabwe for example...
00:28:10.780 --> 00:28:12.920
...there were dozens of dead...
00:28:13.000 --> 00:28:15.120
...including innocent bystanders.
00:28:15.240 --> 00:28:20.200
In a top-secret action in 1989, the
WWF deployed a mercenary unit...
00:28:20.320 --> 00:28:23.480
...from the security company
KAS Enterprises...
00:28:23.620 --> 00:28:28.160
...close collaborators with apartheid
South Africa's secret services.
00:28:28.240 --> 00:28:34.200
Internal documentation was leaked
to the news service Africa Confidential.
00:28:34.400 --> 00:28:38.200
It seems to have been thought
up by prince Bernhard...
00:28:38.320 --> 00:28:44.020
...and John Hanks, a WWF official.
00:28:44.240 --> 00:28:50.040
They got the idea that they would raise
money and hire some British security company...
00:28:50.120 --> 00:28:54.180
...former SAS soldiers, to
go to southern Africa.
00:28:54.300 --> 00:29:00.960
There they told various people they were
going to find out who was poaching rhino horn.
00:29:01.020 --> 00:29:03.640
They were going to kill them.
00:29:03.760 --> 00:29:08.620
Bernhard gave them I think it
was about 500,000 pounds.
00:29:08.820 --> 00:29:11.920
He raised this in the
most extraordinary way.
00:29:11.980 --> 00:29:16.760
He sold two old master paintings
from his wife's collection...
00:29:16.840 --> 00:29:21.080
...the former queen
of The Netherlands.
00:29:21.180 --> 00:29:24.480
I think these were the
two paintings he sold.
00:29:24.540 --> 00:29:28.920
These were offered at
Sotheby's at auction...
00:29:29.000 --> 00:29:33.060
...with the proceedings going to the
WWF. In other words to charity.
00:29:33.200 --> 00:29:37.240
But it later transpired that the
WWF then gave the money...
00:29:37.360 --> 00:29:41.720
...or lend the money back to
Bernhard - secretly - and...
00:29:41.840 --> 00:29:45.400
...that was the money he paid
to the British company KAS.
00:29:45.480 --> 00:29:51.480
Prince Bernhard also established a nature
trust for the WWF. The 1001 Club.
00:29:51.580 --> 00:29:55.920
Its founding members were
aristocrats, captains of industry...
00:29:56.860 --> 00:30:01.360
...leaders of the South African apartheid
regime and the odd despotic ruler.
00:30:02.840 --> 00:30:06.660
Such as Mobutu Sese Seko,
the dictator of Zaire.
00:30:08.120 --> 00:30:14.180
And Jose Martinez de Hoz, number two
man in Argentina's military dictatorship.
00:30:14.340 --> 00:30:17.000
A major landowner, big game
hunter and founder...
00:30:17.080 --> 00:30:20.260
...of the Argentine
section of the WWF.
00:30:20.380 --> 00:30:26.440
As minister of the economy, Martinez de Hoz
opened the country to international agribusiness.
00:30:30.940 --> 00:30:33.520
Fact finding in Buenos Aires.
00:30:36.820 --> 00:30:41.280
We had a rendezvous at the Plaza
San Martín with Jorge Rulli.
00:30:41.360 --> 00:30:44.880
The former resistance fighter
spent five years in prison.
00:30:45.000 --> 00:30:47.100
He lost a kidney and an
eye as a result...
00:30:47.220 --> 00:30:50.540
...of the torture he
endured there.
00:30:52.720 --> 00:30:57.660
This high rise is home to his old
arch enemy Jose Martinez de Hoz.
00:30:57.840 --> 00:31:03.000
He lives there under house arrest,
sentenced for crimes against humanity.
00:31:03.860 --> 00:31:07.280
Across the square is the
home of Monsanto, the...
00:31:07.380 --> 00:31:10.480
...world's largest genetic
engineering corporation.
00:31:10.600 --> 00:31:15.380
For Jorge Rulli, it is the
secret ruler of Argentina.
00:31:19.440 --> 00:31:25.380
Monsanto and the WWF are
two arms of the same body.
00:31:25.600 --> 00:31:29.940
One arm Monsanto, has managed
to establish its monoculture...
00:31:30.060 --> 00:31:32.180
...production model
throughout Argentina.
00:31:32.300 --> 00:31:37.800
The other arm - the WWF - is working to
make this model socially acceptable.
00:31:37.920 --> 00:31:42.220
Even though it's destroying
our traditional agriculture.
00:31:42.520 --> 00:31:49.000
They try to convince us GM soy is good,
you can even produce it sustainably.
00:31:49.320 --> 00:31:52.900
The WWF is seeing to
it that we and...
00:31:52.980 --> 00:31:57.660
...public opinion in Europe
accept the Monsanto soy.
00:32:00.340 --> 00:32:04.900
Just outside Buenos Aires
begins Monsanto land.
00:32:05.100 --> 00:32:07.720
Soy fields as far as
the eye can see.
00:32:07.880 --> 00:32:10.820
Biodiesel crops for
Europe and the USA.
00:32:10.980 --> 00:32:16.040
Global oil players, such as BP and
Shell and car companies like...
00:32:16.120 --> 00:32:20.220
...VW and Toyota have a stake
in this multi-billion sector.
00:32:20.400 --> 00:32:24.020
No more room for beans,
wheat or potatoes.
00:32:24.180 --> 00:32:27.760
Even the famed Argentine
beef is now in short supply.
00:32:27.840 --> 00:32:33.480
Many villages have become
dilapidated ghost towns.
00:32:35.320 --> 00:32:42.320
Monsanto soy needs a lot of herbicide because
the weeds become resistant within a few years.
00:32:42.860 --> 00:32:47.280
The farmers have to pay a licence fee
from Monsanto's seeds annually.
00:32:47.520 --> 00:32:51.400
And they have to buy the
companion pesticide Roundup...
00:32:51.520 --> 00:32:54.040
...a further development
of Agent Orange...
00:32:54.180 --> 00:32:58.560
...the notorious defoliant deployed
by the USA in the Vietnam war.
00:33:01.020 --> 00:33:04.800
Within a day of spraying,
all plant life is snuffed out.
00:33:05.000 --> 00:33:07.960
Only the soy seedlings survive. A gene
has been inserted...
00:33:08.120 --> 00:33:11.700
...that makes the plant
resistant to the toxin.
00:33:12.020 --> 00:33:14.000
But people are not.
00:33:14.300 --> 00:33:17.840
Roundup damages human
genetic material.
00:33:18.880 --> 00:33:20.480
Roundup…
00:33:21.200 --> 00:33:25.020
If you invite me to drink
a glass of Roundup...
00:33:26.140 --> 00:33:29.160
...or to smell it for a
couple of hours directly.
00:33:29.760 --> 00:33:34.260
I would say no, this will k...
can hurt me of course.
00:33:35.600 --> 00:33:38.160
On the other hand...
00:33:40.620 --> 00:33:44.360
...like anything if you use it,
the product...
00:33:45.260 --> 00:33:50.120
...and I don't have any
relationship with Monsanto...
00:33:50.720 --> 00:33:52.900
I want to be very
clear on that...
00:33:53.540 --> 00:33:58.600
If you talk about
risks of technology...
00:34:03.860 --> 00:34:08.520
... in terms of accidents
or illnesses...
00:34:09.159 --> 00:34:16.199
...we should then eliminate
planes and cars….
00:34:24.040 --> 00:34:28.159
Argentina is on the brink
of ecological collapse...
00:34:28.219 --> 00:34:33.520
...and the WWF tells
us everything's ok..
00:34:35.060 --> 00:34:38.080
It's a business that lives
from its sponsors.
00:34:38.980 --> 00:34:42.920
In Argentina that means many major
corporations, from the soy producers...
00:34:42.980 --> 00:34:45.440
...to the telephone company.
00:34:46.540 --> 00:34:49.400
They all want to clear
their guilty conscience.
00:34:49.960 --> 00:34:53.480
They donate to the WWF
to polish their image.
00:34:55.040 --> 00:34:59.040
The companies can rely on the
WWF. It gives them room to move.
00:35:03.780 --> 00:35:06.240
We headed north on
the soy highway.
00:35:06.860 --> 00:35:12.640
One thousand kilometres and nothing but
soy all the way to the foothills of the Andes.
00:35:13.340 --> 00:35:18.800
And poison is sprayed over all of it. This area
would be seeded with soy in a few days time...
00:35:19.520 --> 00:35:25.740
...but the fields had already been treated with Monsanto's
Roundup and already everything was already dead.
00:35:26.740 --> 00:35:30.440
Independent studies prove that
Roundup is damaging to humans.
00:35:30.920 --> 00:35:33.960
Cancer rates rise where
it is used and...
00:35:34.440 --> 00:35:37.100
...more and more infants
are born with birth defects.
00:35:38.500 --> 00:35:42.200
The united soy republic
of South America.
00:35:42.400 --> 00:35:47.340
That's what it says in the
advertisements for big soy producers.
00:35:48.400 --> 00:35:52.800
They propagated genetically modified
soy all across South America.
00:35:53.200 --> 00:35:57.400
Even though Brazil and Paraguay had
prohibited gm soy by law.
00:35:57.520 --> 00:36:00.140
Monsanto just took it over the border
from Argentina and spread it...
00:36:00.220 --> 00:36:03.180
... throughout Uruguay, Brazil,
Paraguay and Bolivia.
00:36:03.280 --> 00:36:07.600
With the blessing of the
Argentine government.
00:36:11.400 --> 00:36:16.280
In 2003, WWF Argentina held
a dialogue with the industry.
00:36:16.480 --> 00:36:19.940
How can the country become
the leading biodiesel superpower?
00:36:20.100 --> 00:36:22.900
Absurdly, they were
talking to themselves.
00:36:22.980 --> 00:36:25.880
Dr. Héctor Laurence was not
only the head of the WWF...
00:36:26.160 --> 00:36:29.660
...but also president of the
agricultural association AMIA...
00:36:30.420 --> 00:36:34.220
...and director of the GMO
company Morgan Seeds.
00:36:35.120 --> 00:36:40.260
I'm independent, with no company
affiliations at present.
00:36:41.260 --> 00:36:43.880
But you were also president
of Morgan Seeds.
00:36:44.300 --> 00:36:48.000
Yes, of course. And also
of Pioneer [Overseas].
00:36:49.580 --> 00:36:54.920
That's obvious. I have an
absolutely clear conscience.
00:36:56.320 --> 00:37:01.220
Because I am independent I have
been able to bring both sides together.
00:37:08.660 --> 00:37:14.280
With prudence, information, science
and facts instead of ideology...
00:37:14.840 --> 00:37:17.820
...industry and environmentalism
can work...
00:37:18.200 --> 00:37:21.040
...together and find
solutions for progress.
00:37:27.460 --> 00:37:35.560
I believe that genetic engineering and
biodiversity are perfectly compatible.
00:37:39.860 --> 00:37:45.960
The Chaco region in northern Argentina is home
to one of the world's largest savannah habitats.
00:37:46.540 --> 00:37:47.960
Or at least it was.
00:37:48.380 --> 00:37:51.520
Over half of it has already
been deforested.
00:37:52.080 --> 00:37:56.640
The soy desert of South America already
covers an area the size of Germany.
00:37:56.820 --> 00:37:59.040
The plan is to double it.
00:37:59.740 --> 00:38:03.120
The WWF has green-lighted the
project, deeming the Chaco forests...
00:38:03.340 --> 00:38:07.760
...'substandard' and degraded
by human exploitation.
00:38:08.120 --> 00:38:11.760
It's open season for burning
and pillaging.
00:38:12.340 --> 00:38:17.000
But this area was also the habitat
of jaguars, monkeys and birds.
00:38:17.860 --> 00:38:20.720
And there was a great
diversity of plant life.
00:38:20.920 --> 00:38:24.220
People lived here too. Like
the farming family Rojas.
00:38:25.080 --> 00:38:28.660
They have lost their land
in the forest and have to...
00:38:29.500 --> 00:38:33.600
...make due with a much
smaller compensation plot.
00:38:40.400 --> 00:38:43.500
Since the forest is gone, we
have suffered from drought.
00:38:43.660 --> 00:38:45.560
It hardly rains at all anymore.
00:38:46.000 --> 00:38:52.740
The soy companies don't care about that.
But our seeds just dry up in the fields.
00:38:54.140 --> 00:38:57.320
The big producers
all live in the city.
00:38:57.360 --> 00:39:00.540
They don't know the
land and nature.
00:39:00.580 --> 00:39:03.180
They don't have a clue.
00:39:05.860 --> 00:39:10.040
The farmers here, gauchos of the
forest they call themselves...
00:39:10.100 --> 00:39:14.880
...work in the forest and use its
resources without destroying it.
00:39:15.020 --> 00:39:18.100
Farmer Santana had lived
here for fifty years.
00:39:18.220 --> 00:39:20.840
According to customary
law, the land was his...
00:39:21.120 --> 00:39:25.340
...but the provincial government
sold it to a soy company.
00:39:33.880 --> 00:39:37.140
People from the provincial administration
came here and said:
00:39:37.200 --> 00:39:41.240
We'll let you keep a piece of your land
where you can rear your animals.
00:39:41.300 --> 00:39:45.920
But then they came with their heavy
machinery and destroyed the entire forest.
00:39:46.100 --> 00:39:52.340
What can I do? Without land deeds
there is no way we can fight it.
00:39:59.680 --> 00:40:04.700
You first have to determine whether the
forest land really belongs to these people...
00:40:04.760 --> 00:40:09.060
...or if they've
simply claimed it.
00:40:12.200 --> 00:40:15.740
And then, look at the poor quality
of life these people have.
00:40:16.540 --> 00:40:19.400
No drinking water, no
health care services.
00:40:20.140 --> 00:40:22.400
Often no education.
00:40:22.680 --> 00:40:27.400
What they need is training and
jobs and new technologies.
00:40:36.840 --> 00:40:39.360
An on-site inspection.
00:40:39.400 --> 00:40:43.620
The soy frontline has reached
the periphery of the village.
00:40:43.800 --> 00:40:46.200
No farmers are
needed there now.
00:40:46.320 --> 00:40:50.860
The rich northern hemisphere is trying to solve
its energy problems with diesel made out from soy...
00:40:51.000 --> 00:40:55.540
...at the cost of food
production in the south.
00:41:03.700 --> 00:41:05.780
Every year they spray herbicide...
00:41:05.880 --> 00:41:08.020
...from airplanes too.
00:41:08.160 --> 00:41:11.360
One of those planes
flew over our house.
00:41:11.740 --> 00:41:16.620
The plants all died, and
I got a skin rash.
00:41:23.380 --> 00:41:25.400
I lost my baby.
00:41:26.080 --> 00:41:30.960
I was in the ninth month of pregnancy
when they delivered the girl by cesarian.
00:41:31.100 --> 00:41:34.800
She was dead and
had several deformities.
00:41:34.880 --> 00:41:37.460
Several doctors studied
the case and...
00:41:37.520 --> 00:41:44.500
...they all concluded that the deformities
were the result of the toxic spraying.
00:41:44.620 --> 00:41:47.780
The herbicide had
damaged the dna.
00:41:47.860 --> 00:41:50.580
That happened to me.
00:41:57.840 --> 00:42:05.000
According to the health authorities the rate of birth
defects in the Chaco soy region has risen by 400%.
00:42:05.920 --> 00:42:10.940
To cut costs the aircraft often spray
an especially dangerous cocktail:
00:42:11.000 --> 00:42:15.060
A mixture of herbicides,
pesticides and fungicides.
00:42:15.180 --> 00:42:18.160
The pilots aren't allowed
to fly over the villages...
00:42:18.280 --> 00:42:22.120
...but there is still no
escaping the toxic shower.
00:42:26.520 --> 00:42:29.760
We fly at just three metres
above the fields at high speeds.
00:42:32.640 --> 00:42:36.280
Just a small gust of wind and the
substances spread across a large area...
00:42:36.380 --> 00:42:40.560
...up to five kilometres wide.
00:42:44.580 --> 00:42:47.700
Can't you prevent it
from reaching the villages?
00:42:47.820 --> 00:42:51.280
No, that's impossible.
00:42:53.620 --> 00:42:58.720
A year ago I flew into a
power line and crashed.
00:42:59.020 --> 00:43:03.880
I had inhaled some of the poison pesticides
that had seeped into the cockpit.
00:43:04.300 --> 00:43:06.680
That clouds your perception
00:43:08.520 --> 00:43:13.000
I was no longer able to judge
the distance to the power lines.
00:43:19.840 --> 00:43:25.820
In an unprecedented fight for land,
the WWF has taken Monsanto's side.
00:43:25.880 --> 00:43:31.340
At the 2010 Round Table for Responsible
Soy the two made a deal.
00:43:31.620 --> 00:43:37.520
Effective immediately Monsanto's gm soy
could bear the 'produced sustainably' seal.
00:43:37.660 --> 00:43:39.400
Misleading labelling:
00:43:39.460 --> 00:43:43.840
The only sustainable growth here
is in Monsanto's revenues.
00:43:44.000 --> 00:43:47.660
The genetic engineering industry has
the panda in its pocket...
00:43:47.680 --> 00:43:51.080
...but no one is
supposed to notice.
00:43:53.060 --> 00:43:55.660
Are you for or against
genetic engineering?
00:43:55.780 --> 00:43:59.280
That's irrelevant. I
represent the WWF.
00:43:59.380 --> 00:44:02.740
So of course you must have a position
and I like to know what it is.
00:44:02.920 --> 00:44:05.340
I'm very sorry, I don't
want to be rude but...
00:44:05.480 --> 00:44:08.200
...I'm not authorised to express
my personal opinion.
00:44:08.340 --> 00:44:11.500
I'm here as spokesperson for
WWF Germany and International.
00:44:11.620 --> 00:44:15.680
If there is no official opinion,
I won't express one.
00:44:15.780 --> 00:44:20.280
So WWF International
has no opinion?
00:44:21.860 --> 00:44:25.680
We decided to give
WWF USA a try.
00:44:25.800 --> 00:44:30.560
Most members of the organisation know
nothing of the deals made by its leadership.
00:44:30.700 --> 00:44:34.040
In many cases because
they would rather not know.
00:44:34.260 --> 00:44:39.360
At the headquarters in Washington DC, we
made contact with a department head.
00:44:39.440 --> 00:44:45.120
He revealed to us that Monsanto boss Hugh Grant
had been there in person in the summer of 2010...
00:44:45.180 --> 00:44:47.680
...for a summit meeting.
00:44:47.780 --> 00:44:52.200
The outcome of the
discussions remain secret.
00:44:55.020 --> 00:44:59.580
WWF vice-president Jason Clay
is in charge of the partnership.
00:44:59.740 --> 00:45:02.740
Surprisingly, he agreed
to speak with us...
00:45:02.960 --> 00:45:06.500
...but WWF Germany asked
him to cancel the interview.
00:45:06.980 --> 00:45:10.320
The reason: there were fears
donors and trustees...
00:45:10.400 --> 00:45:16.140
...might pull out if Jason Clay told
the truth about the Monsanto deal.
00:45:16.540 --> 00:45:19.780
Jason Clay cancelled
the confirmed interview.
00:45:20.540 --> 00:45:24.400
We really appreciate
dr. Jason Clay...
00:45:25.580 --> 00:45:31.400
We managed to find Jason Clay after all on
the website of the Global Harvest Initiative...
00:45:31.560 --> 00:45:34.480
...a corporate agriculture
lobby group..
00:45:34.580 --> 00:45:44.440
Members include the agri giants Cargill, ADM,
Monsanto and most recently, the WWF.
00:45:47.940 --> 00:45:52.960
We need to freeze the
footprint of agriculture.
00:45:53.440 --> 00:45:58.640
And we think there are seven or
eight things - and you can disagree...
00:45:58.740 --> 00:46:02.900
...that's great, let's get the discussion
started - that we need to work on.
00:46:03.020 --> 00:46:05.740
One is genetics.
00:46:05.920 --> 00:46:10.440
We have got to produce
more with less.
00:46:12.040 --> 00:46:15.820
We need to focus not just on temperate crops,
not just on annual crops, but on tropical crops...
00:46:15.940 --> 00:46:18.660
...on orphan crops, on crops
that produce more...
00:46:18.760 --> 00:46:24.440
...calories per input per
hectare with fewer impacts.
00:46:24.640 --> 00:46:29.980
We need to get our priorities right.
We need to start focussing...
00:46:30.100 --> 00:46:34.200
...on the food production where it's needed,
what's needed and how to move forward.
00:46:34.320 --> 00:46:44.340
It takes at least fifteen years, maybe longer, to
bring a genetically engineered product to market.
00:46:44.500 --> 00:46:50.260
If we don't start today
we're already at 2025.
00:46:50.520 --> 00:46:52.600
The clock is ticking.
00:46:52.720 --> 00:46:55.020
We need to get moving,
there is a sense of urgency.
00:46:55.100 --> 00:46:58.080
Alright. Well Jason,
thanks, good job.
00:47:01.880 --> 00:47:07.280
A clear endorsement of the
brave new Monsanto world.
00:47:07.520 --> 00:47:14.820
Agribusiness is busy reapportioning
planet earth with the WWF right by its side.
00:47:15.140 --> 00:47:19.480
In Indonesian Papua up
to 9 million hectares...
00:47:19.780 --> 00:47:24.120
...have been earmarked for oil palm
plantations, according to an agreement...
00:47:24.180 --> 00:47:27.800
...between the provincial
government and the WWF.
00:47:30.420 --> 00:47:33.040
The WWF mapped the tribal
land itself and is helping...
00:47:33.140 --> 00:47:37.440
...to choose the sites
for the plantations.
00:47:42.280 --> 00:47:44.440
Who does the rainforest
belong to?
00:47:44.620 --> 00:47:46.840
Local communities.
00:47:47.320 --> 00:47:50.400
The land still belongs
to the tribes.
00:47:53.880 --> 00:47:58.800
Do they know that they are planning
to plant 9 million hectares with oil palms?
00:47:59.000 --> 00:48:04.600
We'll inform them, so that they
are aware of what is being planned.
00:48:06.440 --> 00:48:08.920
Otherwise they won't
give up their land.
00:48:09.100 --> 00:48:11.480
That would lead to conflicts.
00:48:11.620 --> 00:48:16.360
We have to explain it to them because
they're still not open to the development.
00:48:16.480 --> 00:48:20.720
Some are worried: Where will I
live if I sell off all my land?
00:48:20.800 --> 00:48:23.780
They also can't imagine
working on a plantation.
00:48:24.060 --> 00:48:28.360
Some on the other hand think, if
I sell up for 16 thousand dollars...
00:48:28.420 --> 00:48:34.680
...I'll be able to live up to fifty years
on that. They have understood.
00:48:41.040 --> 00:48:48.660
We visited one of the spots on the WWF map
destined for 1 million hectares of oil palms.
00:48:48.720 --> 00:48:52.240
It is the ancestral homeland
of the Kanume tribe.
00:48:52.580 --> 00:48:56.960
They do not yet know
that their time is up.
00:49:02.380 --> 00:49:05.620
Surveyors came here
accompanied by soldiers.
00:49:05.740 --> 00:49:09.680
But they can't take the
rainforest away from us.
00:49:12.040 --> 00:49:15.860
I am in power here,
and defend the forest.
00:49:16.440 --> 00:49:20.100
Soldiers have weapons
but they respect me.
00:49:20.260 --> 00:49:23.520
If I want I can cast
a spell on them.
00:49:23.980 --> 00:49:26.840
The gods and our ancestors
live in the rainforest.
00:49:27.300 --> 00:49:29.640
It is the source of life.
00:49:29.840 --> 00:49:35.640
No one may destroy it.