[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.87,0:00:02.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd like to start, if I may,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.42,0:00:05.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the story of the Paisley snail.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.14,0:00:08.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the evening of the 26th of August, 1928,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.36,0:00:10.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,May Donoghue took a train from Glasgow
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.73,0:00:13.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the town of Paisley, seven miles east of the city,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.26,0:00:15.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there at the Wellmeadow Café,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.57,0:00:18.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she had a Scots ice cream float,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.70,0:00:20.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a mix of ice cream and ginger beer
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.55,0:00:22.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bought for her by a friend.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.50,0:00:24.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The ginger beer came in a brown, opaque bottle
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.90,0:00:28.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,labeled "D. Stevenson, Glen Lane, Paisley."
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.76,0:00:30.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She drank some of the ice cream float,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.84,0:00:32.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but as the remaining ginger beer was poured
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.68,0:00:34.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into her tumbler,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.07,0:00:36.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a decomposed snail
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.52,0:00:39.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,floated to the surface of her glass.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.11,0:00:40.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Three days later, she was admitted
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.65,0:00:42.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the Glasgow Royal Infirmary
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.16,0:00:44.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and diagnosed with severe gastroenteritis
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.21,0:00:46.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and shock.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.17,0:00:49.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The case of Donoghue vs. Stevenson that followed
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.44,0:00:52.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,set a very important legal precedent:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.08,0:00:53.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Stevenson, the manufacturer of the ginger beer,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.81,0:00:56.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was held to have a clear duty of care
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.59,0:00:58.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,towards May Donoghue,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.04,0:01:00.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even though there was no contract between them,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.14,0:01:02.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, indeed, she hadn't even bought the drink.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.96,0:01:05.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the judges, Lord Atkin, described it like this:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.97,0:01:08.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You must take care to avoid acts or omissions
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.88,0:01:10.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which you can reasonably foresee
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.95,0:01:14.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be likely to injure your neighbor.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.18,0:01:16.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Indeed, one wonders that without a duty of care,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.52,0:01:18.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how many people would have had to suffer
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.27,0:01:21.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from gastroenteritis before Stevenson\Neventually went out of business.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.99,0:01:24.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now please hang on to that Paisley snail story,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.37,0:01:27.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's an important principle.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.61,0:01:30.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Last year, the Hansard Society,\Na nonpartisan charity
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.10,0:01:32.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which seeks to strengthen parliamentary democracy
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.01,0:01:35.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and encourage greater public involvement in politics
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.24,0:01:37.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,published, alongside their annual audit
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.83,0:01:40.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of political engagement, an additional section
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.70,0:01:43.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,devoted entirely to politics and the media.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.83,0:01:46.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here are a couple of rather depressing observations
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.20,0:01:48.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from that survey.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.21,0:01:50.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tabloid newspapers do not appear
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.38,0:01:53.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to advance the political citizenship of their readers,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.21,0:01:54.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,relative even to those
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.78,0:01:58.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who read no newspapers whatsoever.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.01,0:02:00.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tabloid-only readers are twice as likely to agree
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.100,0:02:02.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a negative view of politics
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.85,0:02:05.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than readers of no newspapers.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.42,0:02:07.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're not just less politically engaged.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.42,0:02:09.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are consuming media that reinforces
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.87,0:02:11.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their negative evaluation of politics,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.83,0:02:14.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thereby contributing to a fatalistic and cynical
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.93,0:02:18.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,attitude to democracy and their own role within it.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.27,0:02:20.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Little wonder that the report concluded that
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.43,0:02:23.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in this respect, the press, particularly the tabloids,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.62,0:02:25.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,appear not to be living up to the importance
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.96,0:02:28.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of their role in our democracy.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.59,0:02:30.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now I doubt if anyone in this room would seriously
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.65,0:02:32.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,challenge that view.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.10,0:02:34.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if Hansard are right, and they usually are,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.71,0:02:36.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then we've got a very serious problem on our hands,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.69,0:02:39.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's one that I'd like to spend the next 10 minutes
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.32,0:02:41.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,focusing upon.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.35,0:02:43.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Since the Paisley snail,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.04,0:02:45.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and especially over the past decade or so,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.50,0:02:47.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a great deal of thinking has been developed
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.42,0:02:49.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around the notion of a duty of care
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.28,0:02:51.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as it relates to a number of aspects of civil society.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.82,0:02:54.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Generally a duty of care arises when one individual
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.56,0:02:57.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a group of individuals undertakes an activity
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.30,0:02:59.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which has the potential to cause harm to another,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.82,0:03:02.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,either physically, mentally or economically.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.54,0:03:05.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is principally focused on obvious areas,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.01,0:03:08.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as our empathetic response\Nto children and young people,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.05,0:03:10.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to our service personnel, and\Nto the elderly and infirm.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.78,0:03:14.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is seldom, if ever, extended\Nto equally important arguments
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.97,0:03:19.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around the fragility of our\Npresent system of government,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.22,0:03:22.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the notion that honesty, accuracy and impartiality
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.73,0:03:24.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are fundamental to the process of building
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.87,0:03:26.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and embedding an informed,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.60,0:03:29.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,participatory democracy.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.36,0:03:30.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the more you think about it,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.78,0:03:32.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the stranger that is.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.61,0:03:34.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A couple of years ago, I had the pleasure
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.07,0:03:35.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of opening a brand new school
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.83,0:03:37.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the northeast of England.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.40,0:03:40.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It had been renamed by its pupils as Academy 360.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.94,0:03:42.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As I walked through their impressive,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.79,0:03:44.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,glass-covered atrium,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.16,0:03:45.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in front of me, emblazoned on the wall
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.98,0:03:47.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in letters of fire
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.53,0:03:50.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was Marcus Aurelius's famous injunction:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.63,0:03:53.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If it's not true, don't say it;
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.49,0:03:56.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if it's not right, don't do it.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.57,0:03:58.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The head teacher saw me staring at it,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.56,0:04:01.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he said, "Oh, that's our school motto."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.35,0:04:03.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the train back to London,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.08,0:04:04.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I couldn't get it out of my mind.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.93,0:04:07.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I kept thinking, can it really have taken us
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.49,0:04:09.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over 2,000 years to come to terms
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.70,0:04:11.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with that simple notion
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.57,0:04:14.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as being our minimum expectation of each other?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.52,0:04:17.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Isn't it time that we develop this concept
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.13,0:04:18.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a duty of care
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.80,0:04:21.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and extended it to include a care
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.22,0:04:24.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for our shared but increasingly\Nendangered democratic values?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.48,0:04:26.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After all, the absence of a duty of care
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.34,0:04:27.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within many professions
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.93,0:04:30.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can all too easily amount to\Naccusations of negligence,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.44,0:04:33.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that being the case, can we be\Nreally comfortable with the thought
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.54,0:04:35.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we're in effect being negligent
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.84,0:04:38.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in respect of the health of our own societies
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.63,0:04:41.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the values that necessarily underpin them?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.37,0:04:44.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Could anyone honestly suggest, on the evidence,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.36,0:04:47.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the same media which\NHansard so roundly condemned
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.62,0:04:50.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have taken sufficient care to avoid behaving
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.91,0:04:54.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in ways which they could reasonably have foreseen
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.35,0:04:56.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be likely to undermine or even damage
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.45,0:04:59.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our inherently fragile democratic settlement.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.28,0:05:01.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now there will be those who will argue
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.30,0:05:03.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that this could all too easily drift into a form
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.08,0:05:05.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of censorship, albeit self-censorship,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.08,0:05:07.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I don't buy that argument.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.04,0:05:09.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It has to be possible
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.10,0:05:11.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to balance freedom of expression
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.20,0:05:14.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with wider moral and social responsibilities.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.41,0:05:16.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me explain why by taking the example
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.26,0:05:19.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from my own career as a filmmaker.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.16,0:05:20.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Throughout that career, I never accepted
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.97,0:05:22.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that a filmmaker should set about putting
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.60,0:05:25.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their own work outside or above what he or she
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.64,0:05:27.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,believed to be a decent set of values
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.60,0:05:30.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for their own life, their own family,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.94,0:05:34.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the future of the society in which we all live.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.54,0:05:35.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd go further.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.86,0:05:39.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A responsible filmmaker should\Nnever devalue their work
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.15,0:05:41.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to a point at which it becomes less than true
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.20,0:05:44.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the world they themselves wish to inhabit.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.64,0:05:48.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As I see it, filmmakers, journalists, even bloggers
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.02,0:05:50.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are all required to face up to the social expectations
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.55,0:05:54.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that come with combining the\Nintrinsic power of their medium
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.30,0:05:57.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with their well-honed professional skills.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.68,0:06:00.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Obviously this is not a mandated duty,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.56,0:06:03.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but for the gifted filmmaker\Nand the responsible journalist
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.04,0:06:06.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or even blogger, it strikes me\Nas being utterly inescapable.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.86,0:06:09.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We should always remember that our notion
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.46,0:06:12.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of individual freedom and\Nits partner, creative freedom,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.36,0:06:14.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is comparatively new
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.15,0:06:16.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the history of Western ideas,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.41,0:06:18.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and for that reason, it's often undervalued
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.33,0:06:20.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and can be very quickly undermined.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.69,0:06:22.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a prize easily lost,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.92,0:06:24.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and once lost, once surrendered,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.68,0:06:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it can prove very, very hard to reclaim.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.00,0:06:29.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And its first line of defense
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.52,0:06:31.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has to be our own standards,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.88,0:06:35.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not those enforced on us by a censor or legislation,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.62,0:06:37.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our own standards and our own integrity.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.44,0:06:39.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our integrity as we deal with those
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.43,0:06:40.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with whom we work
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.98,0:06:44.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and our own standards as we operate within society.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.60,0:06:46.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And these standards of ours
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.08,0:06:49.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,need to be all of a piece with\Na sustainable social agenda.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.34,0:06:51.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're part of a collective responsibility,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.45,0:06:53.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the responsibility of the artist or the journalist
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.58,0:06:55.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to deal with the world as it really is,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.96,0:06:58.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this, in turn, must go hand in hand
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.41,0:07:00.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the responsibility of those governing society
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.82,0:07:02.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to also face up to that world,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.90,0:07:05.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not to be tempted to misappropriate
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.28,0:07:07.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the causes of its ills.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.85,0:07:10.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet, as has become strikingly clear
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.50,0:07:12.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over the last couple of years,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.57,0:07:14.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such responsibility has to a very great extent
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.60,0:07:17.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,been abrogated by large sections of the media.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.64,0:07:19.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And as a consequence, across the Western world,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.58,0:07:22.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the over-simplistic policies of the parties of protest
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.88,0:07:25.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and their appeal to a largely disillusioned,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.27,0:07:26.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,older demographic,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.66,0:07:28.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,along with the apathy and obsession with the trivial
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.86,0:07:30.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that typifies at least some of the young,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.76,0:07:32.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,taken together, these and other similarly
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.82,0:07:34.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,contemporary aberrations
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.90,0:07:36.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are threatening to squeeze the life
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.95,0:07:40.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out of active, informed debate and engagement,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.52,0:07:43.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I stress active.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.05,0:07:45.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The most ardent of libertarians might argue
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.33,0:07:48.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that Donoghue v. Stevenson should\Nhave been thrown out of court
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.32,0:07:50.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that Stevenson would eventually\Nhave gone out of business
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.44,0:07:53.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if he'd continued to sell ginger beer with snails in it.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.86,0:07:57.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But most of us, I think, accept some small role
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.27,0:08:00.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the state to enforce a duty of care,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.35,0:08:03.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the key word here is reasonable.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.02,0:08:06.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Judges must ask, did they take reasonable care
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.60,0:08:08.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and could they have reasonably foreseen
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.02,0:08:10.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the consequences of their actions?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.21,0:08:13.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Far from signifying overbearing state power,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.20,0:08:16.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's that small common sense test of reasonableness
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.72,0:08:19.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I'd like us to apply to those in the media
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.38,0:08:21.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who, after all, set the tone and the content
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.65,0:08:24.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for much of our democratic discourse.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.97,0:08:27.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Democracy, in order to work, requires that
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.69,0:08:30.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reasonable men and women take\Nthe time to understand and debate
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.64,0:08:32.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,difficult, sometimes complex issues,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.97,0:08:35.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they do so in an atmosphere which strives
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.26,0:08:37.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the type of understanding that leads to,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.66,0:08:39.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if not agreement, then at least a productive
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.73,0:08:42.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and workable compromise.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.09,0:08:44.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Politics is about choices,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.45,0:08:48.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and within those choices, politics is about priorities.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.44,0:08:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's about reconciling conflicting preferences
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.98,0:08:56.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wherever and whenever possibly based on fact.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.20,0:08:58.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if the facts themselves are distorted,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.67,0:09:02.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the resolutions are likely only\Nto create further conflict,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.39,0:09:04.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with all the stresses and strains on society
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.28,0:09:06.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that inevitably follow.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.49,0:09:08.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The media have to decide:
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.44,0:09:11.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do they see their role as being to inflame
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.61,0:09:13.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or to inform?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.94,0:09:16.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because in the end, it comes down to a combination
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.80,0:09:19.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of trust and leadership.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.30,0:09:21.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fifty years ago this week,\NPresident John F. Kennedy
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.87,0:09:23.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,made two epoch-making speeches,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.48,0:09:26.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the first on disarmament\Nand the second on civil rights.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.98,0:09:29.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first led almost immediately
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.08,0:09:30.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.66,0:09:33.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the second led to the 1964 Civil Rights Act,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.72,0:09:37.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,both of which represented giant leaps forward.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.31,0:09:39.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Democracy, well-led and well-informed,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.72,0:09:42.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can achieve very great things,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.21,0:09:43.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there's a precondition.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.88,0:09:47.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have to trust that those making those decisions
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.19,0:09:49.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are acting in the best interest not of themselves
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.66,0:09:51.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but of the whole of the people.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.42,0:09:54.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need factually-based options,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.50,0:09:55.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,clearly laid out,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.74,0:09:57.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not those of a few powerful
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.14,0:09:59.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and potentially manipulative corporations
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.24,0:10:01.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pursuing their own frequently narrow agendas,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.60,0:10:04.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but accurate, unprejudiced information
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.03,0:10:06.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with which to make our own judgments.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.41,0:10:08.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we want to provide decent, fulfilling lives
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.30,0:10:10.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for our children and our children's children,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.61,0:10:13.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need to exercise to the\Nvery greatest degree possible
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.73,0:10:15.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that duty of care for a vibrant,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.44,0:10:18.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and hopefully a lasting, democracy.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.34,0:10:20.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much for listening to me.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.42,0:10:24.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)