[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.15,0:00:09.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> Here we go. I'm going to use the edge of this.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.26,0:00:13.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm already wearing protective glasses because this will cause a big spark.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.65,0:00:15.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Please don't try this at home.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.40,0:00:18.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There we go. I'm going to connect it to terminals together.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.58,0:00:22.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ready? Here we go.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.46,0:00:24.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had my eyes closed. So I hope you guys saw that.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.93,0:00:27.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was the entire charge
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.93,0:00:30.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a capacitor going through the short-circuit tip of this.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.57,0:00:36.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can see it actually damaged the tip of my X-Acto knife here.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.78,0:00:39.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They wouldn't focus on this very well.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.26,0:00:41.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But now you can see that a voltage across
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.57,0:00:44.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the capacitor went down all the way to 11 minus seven volts.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.80,0:00:48.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, let's now do the same thing, but this time,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.89,0:00:53.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let's take this to the oscilloscope and connect the probe on
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.50,0:00:55.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the voltage that I was telling you about, and
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.52,0:00:59.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the node I was telling you about I'm interested in seeing.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.34,0:01:04.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm interested in looking at this voltage right here
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.26,0:01:08.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and seeing the oscillation I was telling you about. So, let's take a look at that.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.60,0:01:12.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay. Here we are at the oscilloscope.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.65,0:01:14.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to be using my older scope for
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.84,0:01:18.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this because I'm going to be putting a very large voltage,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.29,0:01:21.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then I don't want to risk damaging my new digital scope.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.38,0:01:25.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can buy one of these older CRT-based scope from eBay for about $200.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.64,0:01:28.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're very useful. I highly recommend it.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.08,0:01:30.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, here's the flash circuit.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.56,0:01:35.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's already powered up using my power supply on the left.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.42,0:01:38.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not running this at its full capacity.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.55,0:01:42.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm running it only from 0.6 volts because I don't want to create a very large voltage.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.80,0:01:45.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I just want to demonstrate the principle of operation.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.17,0:01:49.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, what I'm going to do is I'm going to use the oscilloscope probe
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.64,0:01:54.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and look at the voltage right before and after the diode.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.41,0:01:57.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, let me see if I can get this to focus.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.60,0:02:01.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There we go, almost.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.70,0:02:04.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Right. So, here you can see the diode right there,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.95,0:02:08.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm going to look at the voltage before and after the diode so we
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.45,0:02:12.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can see the peak detection and also the large voltage swing I was telling you about.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.84,0:02:16.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, what I'm going to do is I'm going to connect
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.37,0:02:18.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the negative terminal of
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.62,0:02:22.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my 10 to one probe and it's important that this is a 10 to one probe.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.34,0:02:26.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I will connect that to the negative voltage of the power supply.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.93,0:02:28.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I will take this cap off,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.76,0:02:30.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then we will focus,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.72,0:02:33.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,zoom in a little bit more on the display.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.23,0:02:40.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, you can see the display of the scope is set to 50 volts per division,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.09,0:02:44.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meaning each of these vertical lines and vertical divisions is 50 volts.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.78,0:02:47.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, there's eight of them in total, one,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.13,0:02:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.38,0:02:53.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So 400 volts, a peak-to-peak signal can fit in this display.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.91,0:02:56.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Right now, the middle line is the ground.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.60,0:02:59.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the signal in the middle is zero volts.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.21,0:03:05.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I will connect it right where I was saying right before the diode,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.18,0:03:07.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I'm going to have to do that from the opposite side of
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.58,0:03:11.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the PCB because I cannot really reach that.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.04,0:03:13.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I flip it over.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.46,0:03:17.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is after the diode,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.07,0:03:18.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is before the diode.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.90,0:03:22.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll put this on the ground and then I will connect it.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.54,0:03:26.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here we go, like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.96,0:03:32.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, you can see there is an excess of 400 volts peak-to-peak of swing there.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.18,0:03:34.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The negative swing is clipped at the bottom.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.79,0:03:36.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can see the bottom part is clipped.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.72,0:03:41.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reason is because that's where the diode starts conducting and,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.18,0:03:43.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,therefore, the capacitor starts to charge.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.22,0:03:45.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, that voltage does not go below there because
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.32,0:03:48.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the capacitor is so big that clips a voltage at the bottom.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.48,0:03:50.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But you can see that right now,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.53,0:03:53.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the voltage across the capacitor,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.16,0:03:58.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can tell by where the clipping happens must be around minus 200, minus 250 volts.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.54,0:04:01.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I connect this right to the capacitor,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.73,0:04:05.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can see that it goes below the vertical division,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.88,0:04:10.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,below the lowest point here is because it's less than minus 200 volts.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.85,0:04:14.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, there's one other thing we can get from this.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.45,0:04:17.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I connect it, we can measure the frequency of oscillation.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.94,0:04:21.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Each horizontal division is 50 microseconds.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.37,0:04:23.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if I connect it,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.10,0:04:28.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can see that the cycle repeats once every 100 microsecond.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.42,0:04:30.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's equal to 10 kilohertz.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.47,0:04:33.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ten kilohertz is audible because you can hear 10 kilohertz.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.83,0:04:38.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, you must have realized whenever you turn one of these things on,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.67,0:04:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then it makes that really annoying high-frequency pitch.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.00,0:04:44.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reason that happens is because the frequency
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.33,0:04:46.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of oscillation is within the audible range,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.76,0:04:49.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the coil is in the transformer vibrate ever so
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.94,0:04:53.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slightly because of so much cranes in them in the magnetic field.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.78,0:04:57.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Shift them left and right very little just enough so that you can hear.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.71,0:05:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, the whole circuit emits sound when it's operating.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.00,0:05:04.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's another reason why it makes that noise.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.48,0:05:06.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, what I'm going to do now is that now we
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.65,0:05:09.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have spoken a lot about how this circuit works,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.68,0:05:12.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,looked at some other voltage or the oscillation and
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.02,0:05:14.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a whole bunch of other characteristics,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.50,0:05:17.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what I'm going to do now, is I'm going to connect this to
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.84,0:05:22.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a Nixie tube and then see if we can power a Nixie tube with one of these things.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.42,0:05:26.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, let's move back to the other side and let's try to do that.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.93,0:05:29.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here, I have a Nixie tube.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.78,0:05:35.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This Nixie tube shows numbers between zero to nine and it has also two decimal points.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.82,0:05:40.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, the way these Nixie tubes work is that the gas inside
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.13,0:05:45.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this tube is low pressure neon sometimes mixed with mercury and argon.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.32,0:05:48.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have around on the outside,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.11,0:05:49.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you may be able to see it,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.49,0:05:53.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's this mesh that's connected all the way around,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.04,0:05:56.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and at the back is a solid plating that's connected to one of these pens.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.48,0:05:58.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the anode pen.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.43,0:06:02.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What ends up happening is by putting a large potential difference
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.81,0:06:05.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between this mesh on the outside and
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.40,0:06:08.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the little numbers in the inside that you may be able to see,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.27,0:06:11.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're going to excite the neon gas that's in there,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.30,0:06:13.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the neon gas is going to glow.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.70,0:06:16.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The exact principle of operation of how it
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.19,0:06:19.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,happens and the physics that goes into it is an interesting read.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.67,0:06:21.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I suggest that you take a look at it,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.65,0:06:23.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the principle of operation is what I said.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.90,0:06:25.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The gas gets excited,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.26,0:06:27.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the electrons move to higher energy bands.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.22,0:06:29.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On their way back down,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.03,0:06:34.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they emit light in the frequency and the wavelength that we are able to see.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.57,0:06:41.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That happens near the cathode elements of this Nixie tube.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.60,0:06:43.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why does it happen near the cathode element?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.70,0:06:45.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, it is a little bit of physics that goes in there too.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.80,0:06:47.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I recommended you, take a look at it.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.78,0:06:50.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in order to turn one of these things on,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.15,0:06:53.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you need to apply somewhere between 150,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.68,0:06:59.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,160 of volts between the anode and the cathode of this particular model,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.76,0:07:01.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then you'd be able to turn those numbers on.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.86,0:07:04.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These guys were invented and used back in the '40s and
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.89,0:07:08.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the '50s when seven-segment displays,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.03,0:07:11.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an LCD displays and vacuum fluorescent displays weren't available yet,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.80,0:07:13.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you could show numbers with these.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.85,0:07:19.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if you ever had an old HB or a very old measurement equipment,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.52,0:07:24.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you will be able to find these Nixie tubes used as a display, very, very popular.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.68,0:07:29.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A lot of people build very cool things with these like clocks or some
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.50,0:07:33.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,display depending on what kind of Nixie tube we can get a hold of.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.58,0:07:37.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I got a batch of 10 of them from eBay a while back.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.14,0:07:39.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can't remember maybe about $50 or so.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.41,0:07:41.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Very cool things to play with but of course because they
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.74,0:07:44.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,need 150 volts or so to turn them on,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.38,0:07:46.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are not the easiest things to use.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.51,0:07:48.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, you will need a DC-DC converter.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.72,0:07:49.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I thought why not,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.96,0:07:53.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let's try and power one of these things using a flash circuit
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.10,0:07:56.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the flash circuit is capable of giving us that kind of voltages.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.81,0:07:59.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, what I've done is that I've taken one of these guys,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.66,0:08:03.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I have just placed that on
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.60,0:08:07.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,top of one of these breadboards so that all the legs are nicely separated.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.76,0:08:10.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a little resistors connected to the anode.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.64,0:08:13.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, this wire right here is going to connect
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.77,0:08:17.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the anode and every one of the other wires,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.05,0:08:19.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the cathodes are going to be connected to
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.94,0:08:24.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the potential that will turn it on and you should be able to see those numbers.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.62,0:08:27.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I'm going to connect everything up,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.02,0:08:29.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,show you how it's connected, and then let's see if we can power it on.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.80,0:08:32.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then, the last thing,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.02,0:08:34.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're going to measure the efficiency of
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.36,0:08:38.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the DC-DC converter based on how much power is delivered to the Nixie tube,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.16,0:08:42.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how much power is required for the flash circuit to run.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.06,0:08:43.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, let's do that.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.62,0:08:45.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, let's see what I've done here.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.60,0:08:51.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have connected the flash circuit to the power supply,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.20,0:08:52.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it's powered on.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.92,0:08:55.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm monitoring the voltage of the capacitor
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.93,0:08:59.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,simultaneously like I was doing before on the multimeter.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.17,0:09:04.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I am connecting the anode to ground and I'm connecting one of
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.72,0:09:10.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the cathodes to the negative terminal of the capacitor.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.31,0:09:12.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is because, remember this produces
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.70,0:09:16.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,negative voltages with respect to the ground of the power supply.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.05,0:09:17.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, at the same time,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.92,0:09:24.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I am measuring the voltage that is connected to the flash,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.90,0:09:28.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the current that's connected to this that it is being provided to the flash,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.29,0:09:30.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the voltage across the capacitor,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.30,0:09:34.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the current that is given to the Nixie tube.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.79,0:09:39.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if I were to multiply this current by this voltage,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.20,0:09:42.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's the power delivered to the Nixie tube.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.30,0:09:45.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I were to multiply this number with this number,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.46,0:09:48.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's the power delivered to the flash unit.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.09,0:09:50.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, by dividing the result of this to this,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.91,0:09:54.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can get the efficiency of the DC-DC converter afterwards.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.20,0:09:58.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But let's first turn on the Nixie tube and see what happens.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.68,0:10:07.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, let me go all the way down and we bring the Nixie tube into view, like so.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.14,0:10:10.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to increase the voltage in the power supply until this guy turns
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.75,0:10:16.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on. Here we go.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.94,0:10:21.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There we go. Here it is and it's showing the number eight.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.78,0:10:27.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can show other numbers by connecting it to the other numbers.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.39,0:10:31.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, here's number two, three, four,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.84,0:10:35.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,five, six, seven, eight,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.41,0:10:37.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the back that's nine.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.50,0:10:40.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can also turn one and other ones but I don't want to reach the back,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.80,0:10:44.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the way back just in case I will short-circuit the wires.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.02,0:10:45.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, let's connect it back to number eight.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.84,0:10:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, the thing that makes this Nixie tube is really
Dialogue: 0,0:10:49.38,0:10:53.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cool is the fact that the numbers are not all on the same plane.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.81,0:10:56.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, it gives it this weird 3D look.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.50,0:10:58.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As I go across the numbers,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.08,0:11:00.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the numbers go back and forth and I think that's
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.31,0:11:06.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a really cool retro look and you could incorporate in one of your future projects.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.06,0:11:08.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, you can see when we're a bit closer,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.36,0:11:10.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the number eight is glowing.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.04,0:11:13.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Very nicely, it has a very nice orange glow color to it.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.13,0:11:15.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I'm going to put this down on the ground,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:15.07,0:11:19.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leave this number eight on so we can measure now the efficiency of the DC-DC converter.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.80,0:11:22.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, let's put this back down here.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.64,0:11:31.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While it's on, let's go up and look at these numbers. Here we go.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:31.88,0:11:40.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, the power supply is set to 0.8 volts and is drawing 386 milliamps.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.98,0:11:44.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, let's say for the sake of to make it easy in the calculation,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.67,0:11:46.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let's say this was 400 milliamps.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.36,0:11:50.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, that will be 0.32 watts.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.24,0:11:56.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,320 milliwatts of power is being delivered to the flash DC-DC converter.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.12,0:12:02.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The voltage across the capacitor is 133 volts, negative 133 volts.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.74,0:12:07.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The current going to the Nixie tube is 1.2 milliamps.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.03,0:12:14.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if you multiply 1.2 milliamps by a 133 and divide that by about 320 milliwatts,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.75,0:12:17.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you get just over 50 percent.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.30,0:12:22.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, the efficiency, the DC-DC converter efficiency for turning one of these Nixie tube
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.90,0:12:28.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on using a flash from a disposal flash camera is only about 50 percent,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:28.65,0:12:31.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is very bad because you can make
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.80,0:12:36.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,DC-DC converters that are easily more efficient than 80 percent.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:36.48,0:12:39.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, for hacking purposes and for something
Dialogue: 0,0:12:39.96,0:12:44.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would have otherwise been thrown out and for educational purposes,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.26,0:12:46.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think this is a great project that
Dialogue: 0,0:12:46.38,0:12:48.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you have some experience dealing with high voltages,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.89,0:12:51.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I strongly recommend that you try it out.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.77,0:12:54.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Especially, if you've never played with Nixie tubes,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.42,0:12:57.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this things are really, really neat and they're not that expensive.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.55,0:13:00.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can get them in all kind of patterns.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.04,0:13:01.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Doesn't have to be numbers.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:01.14,0:13:04.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes you can have them as bars or something else.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.18,0:13:08.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I strongly recommend that you try this out, and then you see what you can do with it.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.72,0:13:11.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just be very, very, very careful.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.89,0:13:17.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,>> Well, I hope you enjoyed this episode playing with flash circuits and
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.17,0:13:21.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nixie tubes and I hope that we learned a thing or two about how these things operate.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.55,0:13:24.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Unfortunately, I'm going to have to break this video up again into
Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.43,0:13:26.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,multiple sections because YouTube doesn't allow
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.58,0:13:28.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,me to upload anything that's more than 15 minutes.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.98,0:13:31.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you guys watch these videos and upper rank them,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.88,0:13:34.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then YouTube will eventually allow me to put
Dialogue: 0,0:13:34.30,0:13:38.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the entire episode in one video so you don't have to keep clicking.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:38.03,0:13:40.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, please make sure you discuss this in
Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.42,0:13:43.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the comment section and also don't forget to answer
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.72,0:13:49.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the quiz that I asked about why the neon light flashes as opposed to LED that doesn't?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:49.48,0:13:51.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whoever gets the answer right,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.15,0:13:54.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will choose the next topic of the next episode.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.52,0:13:55.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have a lot of videos,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:55.81,0:13:57.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a lot of equipment to review,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:57.13,0:13:59.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a lot of interesting things coming in the future.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.24,0:14:00.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, make sure you check back,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:00.52,0:14:03.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,subscribe and I'll see you soon.