[Script Info]
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[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.19,0:00:03.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Instructor] Today, let's\Ntalk about energy resources.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.90,0:00:06.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You've probably already\Ndone something today
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.14,0:00:08.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that used energy resources,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.16,0:00:10.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even beginning from\Nthe moment you woke up.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.50,0:00:12.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For me, the beginning of my day
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.33,0:00:14.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,always starts with making tea.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.60,0:00:17.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I use energy in every\Nstep of this process.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.43,0:00:20.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My car uses oil when I\Ndrive to the grocery store
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.01,0:00:21.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get the tea,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.15,0:00:24.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my stove uses natural gas\Nwhen I boil the water,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.41,0:00:27.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and my water heater uses\Ncoal-sourced electricity
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.41,0:00:30.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I wash my mug in\Nhot water afterwards.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.02,0:00:33.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We use energy constantly\Nin our daily lives.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.06,0:00:35.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Since the first law of thermodynamics
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.12,0:00:38.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,states that energy cannot\Nbe created nor destroyed,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.57,0:00:42.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where does it all come from\Nand will we have enough?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.56,0:00:44.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we talk about energy resources,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.75,0:00:46.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we could split it up into two groups:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.96,0:00:50.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,renewable energy and nonrenewable energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.93,0:00:53.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can always remember what\Nrenewable resources are
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.44,0:00:55.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the prefix re means again
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.94,0:00:59.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the root new refers the\Norigin of the energy source,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.24,0:01:01.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so renewable energy sources
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.09,0:01:03.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are the sources that we\Ncan use again and again
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.48,0:01:06.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and are quickly restored\Nby natural processes.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.64,0:01:10.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Renewable fuel sources\Ninclude sunlight, wind,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.27,0:01:13.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,moving water, biomass\Nfrom fast-growing plants,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.15,0:01:15.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and geothermal heat from the earth.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.88,0:01:19.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The lifespan of renewable\Nresources looks like a circle.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.22,0:01:21.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can use them and then\Nwe can use them again
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.46,0:01:23.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without worrying about them running out.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.32,0:01:25.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nonrenewable energy\Nsources on the other hand,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.90,0:01:28.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are sources that exist in a fixed amount
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.26,0:01:30.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and cannot be easily replaced.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.12,0:01:33.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These energy sources must\Nbe extracted from the earth,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.43,0:01:38.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they include things like\Nnuclear fuel and fossil fuels,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.14,0:01:42.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are things like\Ncoal, oil, and natural gas.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.24,0:01:45.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fossil fuels were formed\Nin the geologic past
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.13,0:01:47.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the remains of ancient organisms.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.51,0:01:50.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Plants and animals that\Ndied millions of years ago
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.58,0:01:54.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,became buried in the soil,\Npartially decomposed,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.41,0:01:57.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and were exposed to a\Nlot of heat and pressure.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.38,0:02:01.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This heat and pressure\Nchemically rearranged
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.03,0:02:03.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the energy contained within their bodies
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.15,0:02:05.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into the fossil fuels we use today.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.67,0:02:09.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because they take so long to\Nform, we have a finite amount
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.62,0:02:12.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of nonrenewable resources\Nin the earth right now.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.71,0:02:16.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The lifespan for fossil\Nfuels is a broken loop,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.01,0:02:17.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a one-way ticket.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.88,0:02:20.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First, the fossil fuel is found,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.38,0:02:22.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then it has to be extracted.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.98,0:02:24.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Extracting fossil fuels
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.39,0:02:26.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can involve destructive mining processes
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.65,0:02:29.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that can pollute surrounding habitats.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.19,0:02:32.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It then has to be transported\Nto wherever it will be used.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.76,0:02:35.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And using fossil fuels means burning them,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.94,0:02:37.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which releases greenhouse gases
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.72,0:02:40.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and other pollutants into the atmosphere.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.27,0:02:41.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Also, it can take energy
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.88,0:02:44.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to refine and process\Nsome types of fossil fuel
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.31,0:02:45.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that they're more helpful to us,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.91,0:02:48.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like turning crude oil into petroleum gas,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.41,0:02:50.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,diesel, and jet fuel,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.07,0:02:53.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and burning the fossil\Nfuels transforms that energy
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.08,0:02:57.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into a less organized form\Nof energy like heat and ash.