[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.06,0:00:05.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At one point or another, you've probably heard the old saying\Nabout "sending horses to the glue factory"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.15,0:00:10.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when they get old and sick. Jokes about making horses\Ninto glue pop up in places like the Simpsons,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.42,0:00:13.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and—shockingly—copious internet memes.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.41,0:00:18.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if you've ever wondered if glue really is made\Nfrom horses, you're not alone.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.02,0:00:22.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you've ever tried Googling it,\Nget ready to hear an entirely different answer.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.32,0:00:25.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From the myths and facts about horse \Nglue, to vegan glue options,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.75,0:00:31.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to how to tell if a product contains animal glue, \NI'm here to guide you through this sticky subject.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.44,0:00:47.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hi, it's Emily from BiteSizeVegan.org, \Nwhere you can find free resources, eCourses,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.10,0:00:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kids' content, and a Guided Search \Nto help you find just what you need,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.00,0:00:51.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even if you don't know what to ask!
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.50,0:00:55.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All my sources and additional info\Nare available in this video’s article,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.32,0:00:59.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where I cover significantly more information \Nthan we're going to go through in the video.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.07,0:01:04.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, to dive in deeper, go to bitesize.link/IsGlueVegan
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.14,0:01:11.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, is glue made from horses? Well, horse skin, bones, connective\Ntissues, and hooves can be used to make glue.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.74,0:01:14.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, while countless blog posts around the internet
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.45,0:01:17.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,claim that horses have been\Nmade into glue for thousands of years,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.79,0:01:22.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I could not find any solid evidence that horses\Nwere ever used more than any other animal.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.64,0:01:29.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, horses were not even directly mentioned in any of the\Nacademic, industry, and historical-minded sources I read.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.05,0:01:33.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not to say that glue has never\Nbeen made from horses—it has.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.21,0:01:37.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, it's entirely possible that parts of horses \Nslaughtered in today's horse meat industry
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.83,0:01:43.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are used to make animal glue. But the idea that \Nanimal glue was—or is—primarily made from horses
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.50,0:01:50.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is most likely a myth, overblown stereotype or—my \Npersonal guess—a manifestation of speciesism.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.13,0:01:54.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you're not familiar, "speciesism" is “a \Nprejudice or attitude of bias in favour
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.26,0:01:58.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the interests of one species and \Nagainst those of other species.”
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.21,0:02:01.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A simplified example is how\Nwe love dogs but eat pigs.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.75,0:02:07.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Speciesism presumes that humans determine\Nthe inherent value of other sentient beings.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.72,0:02:13.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In regards to this topic, our human bias for \Nhorses over those beings we deem "food animals"
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.44,0:02:18.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,became extremely apparent when I compared\Nkeyword research (meaning what people Google)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.71,0:02:22.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to academic research (meaning reality).
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.69,0:02:25.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This may sound boring, but stick with me for a moment.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.94,0:02:27.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pun intended.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.10,0:02:33.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As of this video, the phrase "is glue made from \Nhorses" is searched for 5,000 times a month,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.76,0:02:38.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while the phrase "is glue made from cows" \Nreceives 60 searches a month.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.29,0:02:43.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even more telling, the phrase "is glue\Nmade from pigs" returned no data at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.92,0:02:50.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet, the reality is that most animal glue is made from\Ncows and pigs slaughtered in the meat and dairy industries.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.91,0:02:56.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For an idea of the disparity, in the same year \Nthat 138,000 horses from the United States
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.31,0:03:04.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were sent to slaughter, 34.2 million cows and \N110.3 million pigs were killed in the US alone.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.29,0:03:09.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, if you want clicks, you have to talk \Nabout what—or whom—humans care about,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.21,0:03:13.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which only continues to reinforce \Nthe valuing of some lives over others
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.44,0:03:17.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,—further pushing into obscurity \Nthe sentient beings we most exploit.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.27,0:03:22.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To learn about other false horse glue claims, \Nthe state of horse slaughter in the US,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.65,0:03:26.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what happens to unwanted horses, \Nplease see the article for this video.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.13,0:03:30.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if not horses, what IS\Nglue made of? And is it vegan?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.34,0:03:34.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These days, most glues you'll encounter are\Nsynthetic rather than animal-derived.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.49,0:03:40.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So yes, most glues are vegan. But animal glues and \Nglues of animal origin are still manufactured.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.24,0:03:43.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While you would most likely know \Nif you were purchasing hide, bone,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.59,0:03:47.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or fish glue in their pure form, you're more \Nlikely to encounter glues made from animals
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.58,0:03:52.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within finished products like shoes, cosmetics, \Nand musical instruments. Later on in this video,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.56,0:03:56.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we'll address how to tell if a product \Nis made with glues of animal origin.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.48,0:04:00.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The history and modern technology of \Nadhesives is more vast and complex
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.60,0:04:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than I could possibly hope to cover. So, \Nwithout breaking YouTube with a multi-day
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.00,0:04:09.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,adhesive treatise, let's explore \Na (very) abridged history of glue.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.25,0:04:14.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Glue is nothing new. Perhaps the oldest \Nevidence of glue is a plant-based birch bark adhesive
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.57,0:04:16.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dated back to the Middle Palaeolithic period.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.67,0:04:21.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, birch bark glue may be the first known synthetic \Nmaterial our ancestors ever created.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.42,0:04:26.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Possibly the first known usage of animal \Nglue dates back to over 8,000 years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.37,0:04:30.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Early Egyptians used a range of glues \Nof both plant and animal origin,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.27,0:04:33.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the Greeks and Romans further \Nrefined and developed adhesives.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.21,0:04:37.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Roman naturalist Pliny the Elder wrote \Nrather extensively about adhesives,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.17,0:04:42.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,claiming that "The finest glue is made \Nfrom the ears and genitals of bulls."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.71,0:04:47.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Jumping ahead to the 1100's -\NI did say this was an abridged history,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.67,0:04:52.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the pseudonymous author Theophilus, wrote \Ninstructions for preparing a variety of glues,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.11,0:04:55.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including those from fish bladders, \Ncheese, animal skins, horns, and blood.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.95,0:04:59.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fast forward to about 1690 when \Nthe first commercial factory for
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.09,0:05:01.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,producing animal glue from hides was set up in Holland.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.77,0:05:07.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A flurry of glue patents were issued after the first \N(for fish glue) was granted in 1754 in the UK.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.82,0:05:11.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first animal glue factory \Nwas started in the United States in 1808,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.49,0:05:15.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and by 1900 there were multiple factories \Nmanufacturing glue from a variety of sources.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.94,0:05:20.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Up until the 1920s, most adhesives were \Neither animal or plant-based in origin,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.14,0:05:24.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the development of synthetic \Npolymers rapidly overtook natural glues.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.33,0:05:28.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, as glues of animal origin do \Nstill exist, we'll cover some of them.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.66,0:05:31.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Before we get into specific \Ntypes of animal-based glues,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.21,0:05:36.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wanted to note that nothing in my research \Nhas shown that animals are killed solely to make glue.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.57,0:05:40.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Animal glues primarily use parts \Nof animals slaughtered for their meat,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.16,0:05:43.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or after their bodies give out from \Nthe demands of the dairy industry.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.04,0:05:45.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, animal glue cannot accurately be deemed
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.53,0:05:50.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"just a byproduct" of the meat industry.\NWith a multi-billion dollar global market value,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.24,0:05:53.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's no doubt that animal glue is a \Nfully developed industry all its own.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.90,0:05:58.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, animal glue—like leather—is \Na coproduct rather than byproduct
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.04,0:06:01.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the meat and dairy industries. To \Nlearn more about what a coproduct is,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.16,0:06:04.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,check out my video and article "Is \NLeather a Byproduct of the Meat Industry?"
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.88,0:06:09.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“Animal glue” technically refers to glues \Nderived from mammalian collagen and keratin..
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.86,0:06:14.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The most prominent animal glues are those made \Nby extracting the collagen from animal skins,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.54,0:06:16.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bones and connective tissues through boiling.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.56,0:06:22.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Collagen is a fibrous structural protein present in the \Nextracellular matrix and connective tissue of animals.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.03,0:06:25.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's sometimes referred to as \Nthe "glue" that holds the body together.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.34,0:06:28.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gelatin is essentially denatured collagen and is
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.40,0:06:31.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"the purified active ingredient of any collagen-derived glue."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.52,0:06:36.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hide glue—made specifically from animal skins\N—is said to be of higher quality than bone glue.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.48,0:06:41.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most hide and bone glue is produced from cows and pigs\Nslaughtered for their meat or after their bodies give out.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.90,0:06:46.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rabbit skin glue is just what it \Nsounds like—glue made from rabbit skin,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.04,0:06:48.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,though other small mammals are sometimes included.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.26,0:06:53.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Less widely used animal glues are those made \Nfrom extracting keratin—another structural protein
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.57,0:06:57.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,—by boiling hooves and horns. Hoof \Nglue is still used in some woodworking,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.86,0:07:02.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,though it seems more smaller-scale artisan \Nwoodworkers than commercial manufacturing.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.12,0:07:04.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Other glues of animal origin that don't fall under
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.70,0:07:09.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the technical term "animal glue" include \Nfish, casein, shellac, and albumin glues.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.32,0:07:13.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fish glue can be produced from the skin of \N"non-oily" fish, along with their bones,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.22,0:07:17.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or from isinglass, a form of collagen \Nprocured from the swim bladders of fish.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.24,0:07:21.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Isinglass is more commonly used in the fining of some wine and beer.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.57,0:07:24.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See my article and video \N"Is Alcohol Vegan?" to learn more.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.50,0:07:27.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While Isinglass and fish glue may seem like niche products,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.98,0:07:32.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the impact of the global fishing industry \Nis a threat to all life on this planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.10,0:07:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See my mini documentary "Empty Oceans" to learn more.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.00,0:07:37.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Casein is a protein found within milk,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.64,0:07:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and is originally what Elmer's glue was made with.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.00,0:07:45.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Casein glue is what Theophilus referred to in \Nhis 12th century writings as "the glue of cheese."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.12,0:07:52.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You may be more familiar with shellac as a finish for wood,\Nor the shiny coating on candy and some fresh fruit.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.90,0:07:56.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Secreted from the female lac beetle, shellac is a resin
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.06,0:08:00.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that can also be used for adhesive purposes, \Nthough its usage has declined due to its cost.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.62,0:08:06.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As we learned in the brief history of glue, blood \Nalbumin - a protein, and egg albumen
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.08,0:08:10.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- what we call "egg whites", have been used to make glue, \Nand may still be used in limited applications.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.52,0:08:15.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As I mentioned earlier, animal glue is \Nstill used in some modern manufacturing.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.02,0:08:19.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The best way to know if a product contains \Nanimal glue—or any animal-derived ingredients,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.52,0:08:22.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,byproducts or coproducts—is to contact the company.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.03,0:08:26.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I will say that this can be a frustrating—if not \Nfruitless—endeavor depending on the company.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.30,0:08:29.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If in doubt, see if there is an alternative product that you can verify,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.84,0:08:34.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but don't lose yourself in tracking down \Nevery adhesive in every product.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.48,0:08:40.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oftentimes, the information isn't even available.\NWhen it comes to necessary prescriptions that may contain gelatin,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.48,0:08:43.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,please refer to my video and article "Is Medication Vegan?"
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.52,0:08:47.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Overall, focus on the big things.\NWhen buying actual glue, buy vegan.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.99,0:08:51.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These days, you kind of have to make an effort not to!
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.44,0:08:53.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As we learned in our abridged history,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.48,0:08:58.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the first known glue was entirely plant-based. \NLong before the advent of synthetic glues,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.40,0:09:02.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,natural adhesives were made from a variety \Nof non-animal sources. While most commercial
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.48,0:09:06.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,glues are now petroleum-based, natural \Nplant-based glues are still in use today.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.56,0:09:09.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a developing interest in (re)expanding
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.14,0:09:13.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the usage of bio-based polymers for their \Nenvironmental advantages over synthetics:
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.04,0:09:16.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're biodegradable, non-toxic, and \Nare said to have lower carbon footprints.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.76,0:09:21.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Starch is an inexpensive and abundant \Nnatural polymeric carbohydrate found in plants.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.02,0:09:24.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dextrin is simply starch that's been further processed.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.24,0:09:29.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For adhesives, starch is most commonly derived \Nfrom maize, corn, potatoes, rice, and wheat.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.03,0:09:33.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Starch glues are commonly referred to \Nas "paste," and are widely used in bonding paper
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.02,0:09:37.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,products as well as in textiles. Due to their \Nmany advantageous attributes over synthetics,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.64,0:09:42.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,starch and dextrin-based adhesives still \Nhold their own in a largely synthetic market.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.02,0:09:46.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cellulose is "the most important skeletal \Ncomponent in plants." In the glue-world,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.16,0:09:49.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cellulose adhesive is use for such applications as wallpaper,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.76,0:09:53.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,window decals and apparently to secure the packaging of cigarettes.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.48,0:09:58.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Natural rubber is sourced from certain trees and plants,\Nand used primarily in pressure-sensitive adhesives.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.88,0:10:01.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While natural rubber is plant-derived,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.22,0:10:05.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is serious concern over deforestation, \Nenvironmental impact, and sustainability.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.72,0:10:11.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As I stated early on, the world of synthetic \Nadhesive is far beyond the scope of this video.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.22,0:10:17.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you really want to dive in, feel free to read one or more of the\Nmulti-hundred-page textbooks in my bibliography!
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.55,0:10:21.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At a very high-level, most synthetic glues are petroleum-based.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.04,0:10:24.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So while animal-free, there \Nare issues of environmental sustainability.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.62,0:10:28.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Synthetic glues include everything from \Npressure-sensitive adhesives made with
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.40,0:10:33.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,synthetic rubber, to two-part epoxies, to hot \Nglue, to contact cement, and countless others.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.08,0:10:35.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rather than get lost in a chemistry lesson,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.30,0:10:38.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let's touch on which major glue \Ntypes and brands are vegan.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.78,0:10:43.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's tackle the biggest one first: \NElmer's Glue. Elmer's glue is vegan,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.04,0:10:48.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,though it wasn't originally. First produced by the Borden Company,\Na conglomerate with its roots in the dairy industry,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.95,0:10:51.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Elmer's was casein glue - made from milk.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.50,0:10:55.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Despite the bull mascot on the bottle, it \Nwas never made with horses, hooves, hides,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.82,0:11:00.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or other animal components. Elmer the bull is \Nsimply the "husband" of Borden Dairy's mascot,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.74,0:11:04.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Elsie the cow. Modern Elmer's \Nglue is entirely synthetic.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.58,0:11:07.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Other common glues that are animal-free include:
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.10,0:11:12.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Super Glue, Krazy Glue, most eyelash glues \N- which is apparently a thing, and Gorilla Glue
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.38,0:11:17.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,—a company which actually affirmed the \Ninherent rights of animals when replying to an inquiry.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.57,0:11:20.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For more specifics on vegan glues,\Ncheck out the article for this video.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.96,0:11:26.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's time to "stick" the landing of this subject \N- couldn't help myself.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.02,0:11:27.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's the major takeaways:
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.44,0:11:32.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The myth of horse glue is likely driven by the\Nfact that we humans care more about horses
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.03,0:11:38.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than the cows and pigs most animal glue actually comes from. \NWhen it comes to buying glue, you're likely clear of animals.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.70,0:11:42.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When it comes to pre-made products, \Ndo your best and find alternatives if possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:42.69,0:11:45.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I hope this has been helpful.\NTo support educational content like this,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.58,0:11:50.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,please consider making a donation. To stay in the loop \Nabout new Bite Size Vegan content and updates,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.13,0:11:54.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,please sign up for the newsletter or follow the Telegram \Nchannel for the most reliable notifications.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.60,0:11:56.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now go live vegan, and I'll see you soon.