[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hi. Echo questions, or echoes.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's start this by looking at exactly
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what an echo is.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imagine: I'm in Spain, and I'm standing
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in front of a poster that says "Welcome to
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sunny Spain" and it's pouring with rain.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd look at the poster, I'd look at my
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,friend and say, "Welcome to sunny Spain."
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, I'm being ironic about what the
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,poster says and the weather.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is an echo.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay? I could make it more ironic
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by making it a question.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Welcome to sunny Spain?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, there is more irony.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, this is another; this is now
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an echo question. Now, we can form this in
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,various other ways by changing parts
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the sentence for question words.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"So I could say, "What to sunny Spain?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Welcome to sunny where?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Welcome to what Spain?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, in each of these I'm emphasizing
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the irony of what it's saying
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the fact that it's raining, okay?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Umm this is an example of echoes,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yes it suggests surprise. It's questioning
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the use of those words
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or that specific word.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay? So, irony, surprise.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is that really true?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can that be real?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, can they really be using that?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now we often use echo questions, as well
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to ask people to repeat
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something they've said.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know, for example:
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"My friend comes from Jakarta."
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"He comes from where?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, please repeat where he came from;
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he comes from where?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"He comes from where?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I didn't hear what you said;
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,please repeat it."
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can do the same, as well
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to express surprise.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"My friend comes from Jakarta."
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"He comes from where?!"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, but that's stronger
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than the please repeat.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Please repeat: "He comes from where?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, in this example it's easy because
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the echo has a distinct structure.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's an affirmative structure.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now the problem really starts
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with echo questions when we have
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an echo question that has the same form
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a real question. So, again,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"My friend comes from Jakarta."
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm in a group of people and I'm asking,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Where does he come from?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Where does he come from?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's a real question, okay?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Where does he come from?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My voice is rising.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, if my friend says,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"My friend comes from Jakarta."
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I could be- I could say,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Where does he come from?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Where does he come from?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I didn't hear you;
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where does he come from?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Could you repeat where?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Could you repeat the where?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, umm, I could also
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,express surprise or questioning:
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Where does he come from?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where does he come from?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, notice the questioning
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of where, yeah?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's surprise or
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,asking someone to repeat.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now that's with object questions.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can also have the same problem
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with subject questions.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, for example:
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Seaholm comes from Ireland,"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,okay, Seaholm is an Irish name, okay?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So imagine I'm asking a crowd of people.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, the question is:
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Who comes from Ireland?" Okay,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Who comes from Ireland?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the group of people, uh,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Who comes from Ireland?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who comes from Ireland?" Okay,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Is there anyone here
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who comes from Ireland?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, "Seaholm comes from Ireland."
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I didn't hear you;
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who comes from Ireland?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who comes from Ireland?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm questioning: "I didn't hear you;
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could you say that again?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Yeah, Seaholm comes from Ireland."
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Who comes from Ireland?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then I could express surprise that
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was Seaholm because I know her,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it was unusual.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Who comes from Ireland?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, here again, the "Who is from there?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, there you go.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's no easy solution to this.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Umm, but remember,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an echo can echo anything.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It can echo what somebody
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,might be thinking.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Somebody's standing there
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,looking really cool.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I'm cool?" you might say,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there you are adding irony to it.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, thanks for watching.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you enjoyed the video,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,give it a rating.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Please subscribe to my channel
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and any questions,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,feel free to comment.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Feel free to what?"
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Comment." Thanks a lot, bye.