[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.14,0:00:02.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Ipperwash crisis occurred in 1995
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.96,0:00:05.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,along the shores of lake Huron in southern Ontario
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.15,0:00:07.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and involved some members of the Stoney Point band
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.26,0:00:10.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who in 1936 had a portion of their reserve expropriated
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.92,0:00:14.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the federal government for use as a provincial park
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.36,0:00:16.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that became Ipperwash Provincial Park.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.72,0:00:19.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,During WWII the federal government expropriated
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.48,0:00:22.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the rest of the reserve for use as an army training camp.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.92,0:00:26.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They forcibly relocated members of the Stoney Point
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.60,0:00:28.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Band to the nearby reserve, which was Kettle Point.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.76,0:00:31.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They promised that the land would be returned
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.16,0:00:34.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after the war. But of course the land was never returned.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.52,0:00:37.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Stoney Point Band members were basically
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.22,0:00:39.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,living as second class citizens on the Kettle Point
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.30,0:00:41.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reserve where they suffered discrimination.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.18,0:00:42.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They had poor housing, etc.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.16,0:00:45.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the descendants of those people always
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.48,0:00:47.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,remembered that they were supposed to get their
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.12,0:00:50.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,land back, but of course the land was never returned.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.37,0:00:52.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1980, the federal government paid just over
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.84,0:00:55.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2 million dollars to the Kettle and Stoney Point Band
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.82,0:00:58.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as partial compensation and again
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.22,0:00:59.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,promised that the land would be returned.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.94,0:01:03.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1992, a government committee called
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.02,0:01:05.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the land to be returned to the Stoney Point Band.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.22,0:01:08.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At that time, the members of the Stoney Point Band
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.38,0:01:09.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,served an eviction notice to the Department
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.90,0:01:10.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of National Defence.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.86,0:01:14.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In May 1993, about 30 members of the Stoney Point
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.44,0:01:17.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Band moved into a portion of the army base
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.71,0:01:20.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they set up a camp, with trailers,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.35,0:01:22.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and tents and whatnot.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.78,0:01:24.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Over the next couple years, they maintained
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.94,0:01:26.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that reoccupation camp.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.57,0:01:29.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There were some minor incidents with the military.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.75,0:01:33.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the military was beginning to close down the base
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.24,0:01:36.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and began withdrawing equipment and personnel
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.56,0:01:39.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the summer of 1995, Stoney Point Band members
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.64,0:01:41.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,entered the provincial park because it was
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.45,0:01:43.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being closed down for the season.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.32,0:01:46.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They wanted to reclaim that as well because
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.28,0:01:48.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was not only a portion of their original reserve
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.42,0:01:50.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it also contained a burial ground
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.92,0:01:53.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the federal government was aware of
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.42,0:01:56.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,back in the 1930s when they expropriated it.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.02,0:01:58.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As they began the occupation of the provincial
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.64,0:02:01.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,park, the Ontario provincial government sent in
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.20,0:02:03.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Ontario Provincial Police (OPP)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.36,0:02:05.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and wanted the people evicted.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.48,0:02:08.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the OPP began a major police operation.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.66,0:02:10.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they had brought in a couple hundred police officers,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.84,0:02:12.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they got military assistance including
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.89,0:02:14.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two armoured personnel carriers.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.93,0:02:18.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On September 6th, they sent in a riot squad
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.06,0:02:20.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to attempt to forcibly evict the people
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.16,0:02:21.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the provincial park.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.16,0:02:23.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they fought back and forced the riot police
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.84,0:02:25.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to withdraw.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.64,0:02:27.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they came back later that evening.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.66,0:02:30.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not only the riot police but a heavily armed
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.38,0:02:32.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tactical response unit.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.20,0:02:34.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the police entered the provincial park,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.40,0:02:35.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was a band councillor from Kettle Point
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.86,0:02:38.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who tried to intervene to stop the police.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.18,0:02:41.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But he was badly beaten by the police officers.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.98,0:02:45.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At that point, a sixteen year old youth, Nicholas Cotrelle,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.28,0:02:47.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,drove a school bus into the police lines
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.92,0:02:49.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in an attempt to stop the assault.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.48,0:02:51.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At that time the police opened fire,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.34,0:02:54.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they fired between 1000 to 2000 rounds.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.76,0:02:56.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They shot the sixteen year old youth in the back.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.45,0:02:59.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They killed the dog that was also on the bus.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.22,0:03:01.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And at that time, acting sergeant Kenneth Deane
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.76,0:03:04.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shot and killed Dudley George.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.37,0:03:06.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even though the police had launched this major
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.56,0:03:09.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,operation, they had no medical assistance
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.09,0:03:11.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on hand so Dudleyâs brother Pierre George
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.90,0:03:14.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually drove him to a nearby hospital
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.20,0:03:17.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but he was pronounced dead at around midnight.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.23,0:03:19.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kenneth Deane was eventually charged
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.02,0:03:21.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with criminal negligence causing death.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.37,0:03:23.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,During his trial, the judge found him to be
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.64,0:03:26.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,untruthful because Deane claimed that he saw
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.84,0:03:28.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dudley George carrying a rifle
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.26,0:03:30.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and thatâs why he opened fire.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.29,0:03:32.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But even though the judge found him to be untruthful,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.88,0:03:35.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he only got two years community service.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.34,0:03:38.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2003 the Ontario government called a inquiry
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.54,0:03:40.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into the crisis.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.45,0:03:41.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All these different documents came out and
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.98,0:03:44.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was found that Mike Harris who was the
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.07,0:03:46.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,premier at the time of the crisis had intervened
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.88,0:03:49.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and called for the police to forcibly evict
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.13,0:03:50.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Natives from the park.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.12,0:03:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2016, the federal government paid 90 million dollars
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.00,0:03:58.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the Kettle and Stoney Point Band as compensation.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.50,0:04:02.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To this day, the members of the Stoney Point Band
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.08,0:04:04.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,continue to live on the former army base
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.86,0:04:06.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which was their reserve lands.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.57,0:04:08.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They basically won their struggle,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.97,0:04:10.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even though there was a lot of sacrifice.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.92,0:04:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dudley George was shot and killed.