[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.08,0:00:05.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Horse racing is all about the thrill. It’s\Nabout the speed, the rush, the adrenaline,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.20,0:00:10.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the challenge, the sound of hooves pounding\Nthe track, the sight of extreme physical exertion,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.57,0:00:15.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the pushing of boundaries human and horse\Nalike. And more than anything else,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.85,0:00:17.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it’s about the money.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.70,0:00:26.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hi it’s Emily from Bite Size Vegan and welcome\Nto another vegan nugget. Above all else, horse
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.34,0:00:30.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,racing is a business and a multi-billion dollar\None at that. It’s not for the love of the
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.80,0:00:36.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sport and certainly not for the love of the\Nhorse, it’s for the love of money. This
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.21,0:00:41.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,video is the third in my series on horse ethics.\NIn the first, we looked at horse riding in
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.10,0:00:45.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,general and the musculoskeletal damage that\Nit causes and in the second took a closer
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.47,0:00:49.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,look at the effects of the bit in particular.\NNow, not everyone can agree on the ethical
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.19,0:00:54.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nature of horse riding itself, including many\Nvegans. But horse racing takes the commodification
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.21,0:00:59.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of horses to a whole other level that should\Neven give the most staunch non-vegan pause.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.12,0:01:04.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With money as the priority, horses are treated\Nas no more than cash machines. This so-called
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.01,0:01:08.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sport is rife with cruelty on so many levels\Nand I’ll do my best to touch on as many
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.65,0:01:12.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of them as possible. Please reference the\Nblog post for this video linked here and in
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.80,0:01:17.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the video description for further articles\Nand resources. The cruelty of horse racing
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.01,0:01:21.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,begins long before the track. Racehorses are\Ngenetically manipulated and bred to run as
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.69,0:01:26.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fast as possible. Their lives begin at a stud\Nfarm where mother horses are forced to be
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.28,0:01:30.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pregnant 90% of their shortened lives through\Nthe use of drugs like prostaglandins and the
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.57,0:01:34.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,alteration of their environment in order to\Nmanipulate their natural cycles. Once born,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.95,0:01:38.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,potential racehorses are ripped from their\Nmothers, who are immediately impregnated again
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.89,0:01:42.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,until they can no longer produce foals and\Nare sent to slaughter. Having been separated
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.81,0:01:47.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from their mothers, these newborn foals need\Nsustenance and are nurse by what are called
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.07,0:01:51.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“nurse mares”- horses with lower pedigrees\Nwho are impregnated simply to produce milk
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.83,0:01:56.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the racehorse foals. The children of the\Nnurse mares are of no use to the industry
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.26,0:02:00.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and because it’s illegal to send horses\Nunder six months to slaughter, many are killed
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.64,0:02:04.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by a brutal clubbing or are simply left to\Nstarve to death. They are then skinned to
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.75,0:02:09.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,produce high-end leather products, known as\Ncordovan leather, and their meat often sold
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.05,0:02:13.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for human consumption. A 2009 report from\NThe Jockey Club stated that approximately
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.06,0:02:20.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,49,817 mares were bred that year, meaning\Napproximately 49,817 by-product nurse foals
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.26,0:02:25.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were needlessly slaughtered. And that’s\Nonly in the United States. This horrific cycle
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.56,0:02:30.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of forced pregnancies, stolen children and\Npremature death closely mirrors the dairy
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.06,0:02:34.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,industry, wherein mother cows have their calves\Ntaken at birth and slaughtered for veal so
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.64,0:02:36.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that humans may consume their milk.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.76,0:02:41.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Unfortunately, being bred as a potential racehorse\Ndoes not save the other foals from a similar
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.03,0:02:45.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fate. Out of the hundreds of thousands of\Npotential racehorses bred in multiple countries
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.21,0:02:50.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every year, only 5-40% will go on to race.\NThe remainder are either sent to slaughter
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.47,0:02:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for human consumption or pet food, re-entered\Ninto the breeding industry, or sold for lower-tier
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.00,0:02:59.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,racing, which has even less safeguards and\Nregulations. While the consumption of horse
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.97,0:03:04.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meat is taboo in many societies with even\Nregular consumers of other animal products
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.36,0:03:08.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,balking at the idea of eating horses, what\Nmany people don’t realize is that horse
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.56,0:03:13.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slaughter is simply the back-end of horse\Nracing. Just as the egg industry has no use
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.41,0:03:17.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for male chicks and grinds them up alive or\Ngasses them, so too are the horses not deemed
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.98,0:03:20.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fit enough for racing discarded as industry\Nwaste.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.92,0:03:25.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For those horses who do make the cut to race,\Nit’s just the beginning of a tortured existence.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.30,0:03:29.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Race horses typically begin rigorous training\Nwhen they are around 1.5 years old, long before
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.85,0:03:33.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their bodies are fully developed and their\Nskeletons mature. According to the text Practical
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.91,0:03:37.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anatomy and Propaedeutic of the Horse, the\Nlength of time for complete growth of the
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.67,0:03:42.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,epiphyseal plates, or cartilage, is not until\Nthey are (on average) between 6 and 9 years
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.88,0:03:47.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,old. The extreme training demands put on these\Nvulnerable young horses leads to a tragic
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.53,0:03:52.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,preponderance of fractures and breakdowns,\Nleaving them finished by the age of 4-6. This
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.55,0:03:56.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,footage of a young filly in a speed trial\Nshows the audible crack [loud crack] of her
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.60,0:04:00.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cannon bone as her body is pushed beyond its\Nnatural limits. These injuries, more often
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.96,0:04:05.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than not, seal a horse’s fate as they are\Ndeemed to expensive and troublesome to treat.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.32,0:04:10.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On average 24 horses die per week on racetracks\Nacross the United states, with numbers in
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.47,0:04:17.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Australia as high as 68/day or 25,000 a year.\NThe injuries aren’t all external breaks-
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.66,0:04:22.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the demands of racing cause a large proportion\Nof horses to bleed into their lungs and windpipe,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.53,0:04:27.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage,\Nwith a University of Melbourne study finding
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.17,0:04:32.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that 50% of race horses had blood in their\Nwindpipe and 90% have blood deeper in the
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.27,0:04:36.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lungs. Their high concentrate diets of grains\Nalso leads to gastric ulcers with a study
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.83,0:04:41.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Veterinarian finding them present in\N89% of horses with many of them developing
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.34,0:04:45.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deep, bleeding ulcers just within 8 weeks\Nof the commencement of their training.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.39,0:04:50.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When not tossed aside as too expensive to\Ntreat, injured horses are pushed to keep racing
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.25,0:04:55.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the aid of dangerous drugs. Pain medication\Ncan mask injury, allowing wounded horse to
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.16,0:04:59.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,run harder, further endangering their lives-\Nas many as 90% of horses that break down have
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.91,0:05:04.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pre-existing injuries. Journalist Max Watman\Nexplains that because “thoroughbreds are
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.60,0:05:08.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bred for flashy speed and to look good in\Nthe sales ring … the animal itself has become
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.46,0:05:12.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more fragile” and that “to keep the horses\Ngoing,” they’re all given Lasix (which
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.41,0:05:16.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,controls bleeding in the lungs), phenylbutazone\N(an anti-inflammatory), and corticosteroids
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.86,0:05:20.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(for pain and inflammation). Injured horses\Naren’t the only ones drugged, however. Former
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.66,0:05:25.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,public relations manager for Churchill downs\NAlex Straus says, “There are trainers pumping
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.11,0:05:29.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,horses full of illegal drugs every day. With\Nso much money on the line, people will do
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.24,0:05:33.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,anything to make their horses run faster.”\NThis includes chemicals that are made to bulk
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.65,0:05:38.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,up pigs and cattle before slaughter, as well\Nas blood doping agents, thyroid medications,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.61,0:05:43.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stimulants, Viagra, cobra venom, and cancer\Ndrugs, among others.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.56,0:05:47.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In addition to being chemically pushed to\Nperform, horses are brutally whipped during
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.50,0:05:52.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,races in what is probably the most public\Nand societally endorsed form of animal abuse
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.70,0:05:57.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,today. The racing industry assures that whips\Nmust be padded and when used properly only
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.39,0:06:02.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stimulate a horse, not cause pain. However,\Naccording to a study by professor and veterinarian
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.41,0:06:08.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dr. Paul McGreevy, the padding failed to protect\Nhorses in 64% of strikes and 83% of whip impacts
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.52,0:06:13.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,showed visible indentation of the skin, with\Nsome 75% of strikes hitting the horse’s
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.17,0:06:17.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,flank even though that’s against the International\NAgreement On Breeding, Racing, and Wagering.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.21,0:06:21.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dr. McGreevy also found that 70% of strikes\Nwere delivered “backhand” and were thus
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.98,0:06:25.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not counted under the rules limiting the number\Nof strikes. In many countries, the number
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.92,0:06:30.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of times a horse may be struck during a race\Nis only limited up till the last 100 meters,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.67,0:06:35.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at which point horses may be whipped ceaselessly.\NThis piece of ballistic plastic consistent
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.30,0:06:40.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a horse’s flesh, shows the impact of\Na standard single whip strike. Dr. McGreevy
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.33,0:06:45.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,himself took this further and did a thermograhpic\Nstudy of his own leg after delivering a standard
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.03,0:06:50.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,blow to his thigh. These white areas show\Ninflammation 30 minutes after the single blow.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.14,0:06:54.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whip proponents argue that horses are much\Nlarger animals and have thicker skin and a
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.26,0:06:58.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,higher pain tolerance. There is nothing to\Nsupport this claim and McGreevy points out
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.35,0:07:03.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that horses can feel even a single fly landing\Non their skin as evidenced by the characteristic
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.14,0:07:07.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shake called the “manniculus reflex.”\NIt is rather naïve to assume being beaten
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.22,0:07:12.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,repeatedly with a blunt object is a pain free\Nexperience. Racehorses are also subjected
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.11,0:07:16.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the use of metal bits, the impact of which\NI’ve extensively detailed in this video.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.40,0:07:20.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It’s important to note, however, that the\Nbits used in racing are even more severe than
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.66,0:07:25.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those used for equine sports. Horse whisperer\NFrank Bell states that, “Racehorses have
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.18,0:07:28.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bits in their mouths pretty much their whole\Nlives... A lot of jockeys actually balance
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.78,0:07:31.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the horse’s mouth so often [its mouth\Nis] destroyed...”
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.85,0:07:35.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When off the track, horses in training are\Nstabled for the majority of the day. This
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.55,0:07:39.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the most practical way to “store” a\Nhorse, however, this isolation robs them of
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.60,0:07:43.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,social and environmental stimulation. Stabled\Nhorses can developed a number of neurotic
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.72,0:07:48.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,behaviors such as crib-biting, where they\Nbite on fences and other fixed objects, as
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.12,0:07:50.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well as swaying back and forth and self mutilation.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.83,0:07:54.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After all of this pain and suffering, you’d\Nthink that racehorses would be rewarded in
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.45,0:07:59.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the end, especially the champions. But these\Nanimals are treated as disposable commodities,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.39,0:08:03.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,regardless of their achievements. When a horse\Nis no longer able to perform or his or her
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.09,0:08:07.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,performance is no longer deemed adequate,\Nhe or she tossed aside like so much garbage.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.99,0:08:12.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those who break down on the track are euthanized\Non the spot and sent off to rendering plants
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.11,0:08:16.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for pet food and byproducts or simply dumped\Nin a junkyard like this horse. Those who don’t
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.69,0:08:20.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,die or are killed on the track are sometimes\Ndowngraded to lower-level racing, like jumps
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.86,0:08:26.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,racing, which caries up to 20 times more fatalities\Nthan flat racing and has far less regulations
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.55,0:08:31.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and standards. The final destination for most\Nfailed racing horses is slaughter, where captive
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.10,0:08:35.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bolts are often sloppily and ineffectively\Nused, prolonging the painful and terrifying
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.55,0:08:40.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,death of these long-abused animals. Even champions\Nwho won their owners hundreds of thousands
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.18,0:08:42.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of dollars are sold for a pittance.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.30,0:08:47.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From cradle to grave, racehorses live tortured,\Nterrifying, brutal, and completely thankless
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.59,0:08:51.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lives. This is what happens when money is\Nplaced above the lives of sentient beings.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.68,0:08:55.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is the true face of the so-called\N“Sport of Kings.”
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.41,0:08:59.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you for watching and please share this\Nvideo around to spread the message. Give it
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.26,0:09:03.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a thumbs up if you found it effective and\Nto support messages like this one, click on
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.08,0:09:08.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Nugget Army icon and join our community\Non Patreon to keep Bite Size Vegan educating.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.51,0:09:12.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you’re new here, be sure to hit the big\Nred subscribe button down there for more awesome
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.22,0:09:16.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,vegan content every Monday, Wednesday and\Nsome Fridays. And be sure to check out the
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.57,0:09:21.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,first and second video in the horse ethics\Nseries. Now go live vegan and I’ll see you
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.15,0:09:21.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,soon!