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Imagjinoni disa biskota te ngrohta e te lengshme,

2
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karamele krokante,

3
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keke te mendafshte,

4
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kone prej vaferi te tejmbushur me akullore.

5
00:00:14,693 --> 00:00:16,670
A po ju leshon goja leng?

6
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Ju vjen deshira per embelsira?

7
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Pse?

8
00:00:18,843 --> 00:00:19,924
Cfare ndodh ne trurin tone

9
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qe i ben kaq te parrezistueshme ushqimet e embla?

10
00:00:23,700 --> 00:00:24,421
Fjala sheqer eshte nje term i pergjithshem

11
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qe perdoret per te pershkruar nje categori molekulash

12
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te quajtura karbohidrate,

13
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dhe gjendet ne nje game te gjere ushqimesh dhe pijesh.

14
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Mjafton te kontrolloni etiketat e embelsirave qe blini.

15
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Glukosa,

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fruktoza,

17
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sukroza,

18
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maltoza,

19
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laktozi,

20
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dekstroza,

21
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dhe niseshteja

22
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jane te gjitha forma sheqernash.

23
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Sic jane edhe shurupi i mistrit me nivel te larte fruktoze,

24
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lengjet e frutave,

25
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sheqeri

26
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apo mjalti.

27
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Dhe sheqeri nuk gjendet vetem tek karamelet e embelsirat,

28
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ai i shtohet edhe salces se domateve,

29
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kosit,

30
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frutave te thata,

31
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ujerave te aromatizuara,

32
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apo shufrave me mysli.

33
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Duke qene se sheqeri ndodhet gjithandej,

34
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eshte e rendesishme te kuptojme

35
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se c'ndikim ka ai tek truri.

36
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Cfare ndodh kur sheqeri prek gjuhen tone?

37
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A eshte e vertete se po te hash pak sheqer

38
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deshiron edhe me shume?

39
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Kafshon nje shufer grunjerash.

40
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Sheqeri qe ajo permban

41
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aktivizon receptoret e shijet

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qe ndodhen ne gjuhe.

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Keta receptore dergojne nje sinjal ne trungun e trurit,

44
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dhe nga aty, sinjali shperndahet

45
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ne zona te ndryshme te trurit,

46
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njera prej te cilave eshte korteksi.

47
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Zona te ndryshme te kortekstit

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perpunojne shije te ndryshme:

49
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te hidhuren,

50
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te kripuren,

51
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umamin,

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dhe ne rastin tone, te emblen.

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Prej ketej sinjali aktivizon

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sistemin shperblyes te trurit.

55
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Ky sistem shperblyes perbehet nga nje sere

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ngacmimesh elektrike dhe kimike

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te zonave te ndryshme te trurit.

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Eshte nje rrjet i nderlikuar,

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por ai ndihmon ne gjetjen e pergjigjes 
per te vetmen pyetje te pandergjegjshme:

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a duhet te vazhdoj?

61
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Ajo ndjesia e ngrohte, marramendese qe ke

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kur provon kekun me cokollate te gjyshes?

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Eshte sistemi i shperblimit qe te thote,

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"Hmm, po! "

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Ai nuk aktivizohet vetem nga ushqimi.

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Shoqerizimi,

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sjellja seksuale

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dhe drogat

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jane vetem pak nga shembujt

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te gjerave apo pervojave

71
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qe aktivizojne sistemin e shperblimit.

72
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Por kur ky sistem aktivizohet se tepermi

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atehere nisin nje sere ngjarjesh te papelqyeshme:

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humbje kontrolli,

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uri,

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dhe tolerance e tepruar ndaj sheqernave.

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Le te kthehemi tek kafshata jone e grunjerave.

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00:02:14,963 --> 00:02:17,069
Ajo udheton poshte drejt stomakut,

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dhe pastaj drejt zorreve.

80
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Dhe a e di?

81
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Ketu ndodhen receptore te tjere te sheqernave.

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Nuk dallojne shijen,

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por ama dergojne sinjale

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qe i thone trurit tend se je i ngopur

85
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apo se trupi duhet te prodhoje me shume insuline

86
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per te perballuar sheqerin e tepert qe ti po ha.

87
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Monedha kryesore

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e sistemit tone te shperblimit eshte dopamina,

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nje neurotransmetues i rendesishem kimik.

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Ne pjesen e perparme te trurit ka shume receptore dopamine,

91
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por ata nuk jane te shperndare njetrajtesisht.

92
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Ne disa zona gjenden ishuj te dendur receptoresh,

93
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dhe keto pika te nxehta

94
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jane pjese e sistemit te shperblimit.

95
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Drogat si alkooli,

96
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nikotina,

97
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apo heroina

98
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e cojne ne qiell nivelin e dopamines,

99
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gje qe i nxit disa njerez te arrijne gjithnje ate nivel te larte,

100
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e thene ndryshe, te krijojne varesi.

101
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Edhe sheqeri nxit prodhimin e dopamines,

102
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por jo ne nivele aq te larta sa drogat.

103
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Dhe sheqeri eshte nje nga ushqimet e rralla 
qe nxisin prodhimin e dopamines.

104
00:03:06,400 --> 00:03:08,652
Per shembull, brokoli nuk ka asnje efekt,

105
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gje qe ndoshta shpjegon se pse

106
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eshte kaq e veshtire 
t'i bindesh femijet te hane perime.

107
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Teksa flasim per ushqimet e shendetshme,

108
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supozojme se ti ke uri

109
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dhe vendos te hash nje vakt te balancuar.

110
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Ti e ben kete, keshtu dopamina ngacmon

111
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ishujt e ndjeshem te sistemit te shperblimit.

112
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Por nese ti ha po te njejtin ushqim per disa dite rresht,

113
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niveli i dopamines do te ulet gjithnje e me shume,

114
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derisa te arrije ne zero.

115
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Kjo ndodh sepse, kur flitet per ushqime,

116
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gjate evolucionit truri u mesua 
t'i kushtonte vemendje te vecante

117
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shijeve te reja ose te ndryshme.

118
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Pse?

119
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Ka dy arsye:

120
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e para, per te kuptuar nese ushqimi ishte apo jo i prishur.

121
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e dyta, sepse sa me shume varietet

122
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te kemi ne dieten tone,

123
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aq me e lehte do te jete

124
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qe te marrim gjithe lendet qe na duhen.

125
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Ne menyre qe t'a mbajme te gjalle kete varietet,

126
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duhet te jemi ne gjendje te dallojme nje ushqim te ri,

127
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dhe c'ka eshte me e rendesishme,

128
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duhet te kemi gjithnje deshiren 
per te ngrene ushqime te reja.

129
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Ja pse niveli i dopamines bie

130
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kur ushqimi behet i merzitshem.

131
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Tani le te kthehemi tek vakti jone.

132
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Cfare ndodh nese ne vend

133
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te atij vakti te shendetshem e te balancuar,

134
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ti vendos te hash ushqime 
me permbajtje te larte sheqeri?

135
00:04:04,307 --> 00:04:05,840
Nese e ha rralle sheqerin

136
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ose nuk ha shume prej tij pernjeheresh,

137
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efekti do te jete i njejte me ate 
te nje vakti te balancuar.

138
00:04:09,973 --> 00:04:11,174
Nese ha shume,

139
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atehere niveli i dopamines nuk do te bjere.

140
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E thene ndryshe, nese ha shume sheqerna

141
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do te ndihesh gjithnje i shperblyer.

142
00:04:17,745 --> 00:04:21,153
Ne kete drejtim, sheqeri sillet paksa si drogat.

143
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Kjo eshte nje prej arsyeve 
perse njerezit krijojne varesi

144
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ndaj ushqimeve te embla.

145
00:04:24,621 --> 00:04:27,267
Tani, kujtoni te gjitha llojet e ndryshme te sheqerit.

146
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Secili prej tyre eshte unik,

147
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por sa here qe njeri prej tyre hyn ne sistemin tone,

148
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ai nxit nje efekt domino ne trurin tone

149
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qe prodhon nje ndjesi shperblimi.

150
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Eshte e forte, dhe ndodh shpesh,

151
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prandaj ndodh edhe qe te kalohet limiti.

152
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Pra, konsumi i tepert i sheqernave,

153
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mund te krijoje varesi te trurit,

154
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por nje copez kek nje here ne kaq 
nuk do t'ju sjelle asnje te keqe.