WEBVTT 00:00:06.825 --> 00:00:09.101 Imagjinoni disa biskota te ngrohta e te lengshme, 00:00:09.101 --> 00:00:10.513 karamele krokante, 00:00:10.513 --> 00:00:12.076 keke te mendafshte, 00:00:12.076 --> 00:00:14.693 kone prej vaferi te tejmbushur me akullore. 00:00:14.693 --> 00:00:16.670 A po ju leshon goja leng? 00:00:16.670 --> 00:00:17.538 Ju vjen deshira per embelsira? 00:00:17.538 --> 00:00:18.843 Pse? 00:00:18.843 --> 00:00:19.924 Cfare ndodh ne trurin tone 00:00:19.924 --> 00:00:23.700 qe i ben kaq te parrezistueshme ushqimet e embla? 00:00:23.700 --> 00:00:24.421 Fjala sheqer eshte nje term i pergjithshem 00:00:24.421 --> 00:00:26.549 qe perdoret per te pershkruar nje categori molekulash 00:00:26.549 --> 00:00:28.427 te quajtura karbohidrate, 00:00:28.427 --> 00:00:31.278 dhe gjendet ne nje game te gjere ushqimesh dhe pijesh. 00:00:31.278 --> 00:00:34.212 Mjafton te kontrolloni etiketat e embelsirave qe blini. 00:00:34.212 --> 00:00:34.913 Glukosa, 00:00:34.913 --> 00:00:35.695 fruktoza, 00:00:35.695 --> 00:00:36.627 sukroza, 00:00:36.627 --> 00:00:37.495 maltoza, 00:00:37.495 --> 00:00:38.295 laktozi, 00:00:38.295 --> 00:00:38.969 dekstroza, 00:00:38.969 --> 00:00:39.681 dhe niseshteja 00:00:39.681 --> 00:00:41.445 jane te gjitha forma sheqernash. 00:00:41.445 --> 00:00:43.525 Sic jane edhe shurupi i mistrit me nivel te larte fruktoze, 00:00:43.525 --> 00:00:44.309 lengjet e frutave, 00:00:44.309 --> 00:00:45.294 sheqeri 00:00:45.294 --> 00:00:46.521 apo mjalti. 00:00:46.521 --> 00:00:49.073 Dhe sheqeri nuk gjendet vetem tek karamelet e embelsirat, 00:00:49.073 --> 00:00:51.188 ai i shtohet edhe salces se domateve, 00:00:51.188 --> 00:00:51.846 kosit, 00:00:51.846 --> 00:00:52.777 frutave te thata, 00:00:52.777 --> 00:00:53.856 ujerave te aromatizuara, 00:00:53.856 --> 00:00:55.700 apo shufrave me mysli. 00:00:55.700 --> 00:00:56.603 Duke qene se sheqeri ndodhet gjithandej, 00:00:56.603 --> 00:00:58.026 eshte e rendesishme te kuptojme 00:00:58.026 --> 00:00:59.906 se c'ndikim ka ai tek truri. 00:00:59.906 --> 00:01:02.275 Cfare ndodh kur sheqeri prek gjuhen tone? 00:01:02.275 --> 00:01:03.528 A eshte e vertete se po te hash pak sheqer 00:01:03.528 --> 00:01:05.480 deshiron edhe me shume? 00:01:05.480 --> 00:01:07.025 Kafshon nje shufer grunjerash. 00:01:07.025 --> 00:01:08.276 Sheqeri qe ajo permban 00:01:08.276 --> 00:01:10.528 aktivizon receptoret e shijet 00:01:10.528 --> 00:01:12.770 qe ndodhen ne gjuhe. 00:01:12.770 --> 00:01:15.771 Keta receptore dergojne nje sinjal ne trungun e trurit, 00:01:15.771 --> 00:01:17.375 dhe nga aty, sinjali shperndahet 00:01:17.375 --> 00:01:19.261 ne zona te ndryshme te trurit, 00:01:19.261 --> 00:01:21.813 njera prej te cilave eshte korteksi. 00:01:21.813 --> 00:01:23.964 Zona te ndryshme te kortekstit 00:01:23.964 --> 00:01:25.864 perpunojne shije te ndryshme: 00:01:25.864 --> 00:01:26.399 te hidhuren, 00:01:26.399 --> 00:01:26.985 te kripuren, 00:01:26.985 --> 00:01:27.711 umamin, 00:01:27.711 --> 00:01:29.823 dhe ne rastin tone, te emblen. 00:01:29.823 --> 00:01:31.328 Prej ketej sinjali aktivizon 00:01:31.328 --> 00:01:33.440 sistemin shperblyes te trurit. 00:01:33.440 --> 00:01:34.909 Ky sistem shperblyes perbehet nga nje sere 00:01:34.909 --> 00:01:37.125 ngacmimesh elektrike dhe kimike 00:01:37.125 --> 00:01:39.749 te zonave te ndryshme te trurit. 00:01:39.749 --> 00:01:40.873 Eshte nje rrjet i nderlikuar, 00:01:40.873 --> 00:01:44.171 por ai ndihmon ne gjetjen e pergjigjes per te vetmen pyetje te pandergjegjshme: 00:01:44.171 --> 00:01:45.877 a duhet te vazhdoj? 00:01:45.877 --> 00:01:47.413 Ajo ndjesia e ngrohte, marramendese qe ke 00:01:47.413 --> 00:01:49.501 kur provon kekun me cokollate te gjyshes? 00:01:49.501 --> 00:01:51.295 Eshte sistemi i shperblimit qe te thote, 00:01:51.295 --> 00:01:52.753 "Hmm, po! " 00:01:52.753 --> 00:01:55.090 Ai nuk aktivizohet vetem nga ushqimi. 00:01:55.090 --> 00:01:55.935 Shoqerizimi, 00:01:55.935 --> 00:01:56.795 sjellja seksuale 00:01:56.795 --> 00:01:57.469 dhe drogat 00:01:57.469 --> 00:01:58.931 jane vetem pak nga shembujt 00:01:58.931 --> 00:02:00.346 te gjerave apo pervojave 00:02:00.346 --> 00:02:02.959 qe aktivizojne sistemin e shperblimit. 00:02:02.959 --> 00:02:05.145 Por kur ky sistem aktivizohet se tepermi 00:02:05.145 --> 00:02:08.435 atehere nisin nje sere ngjarjesh te papelqyeshme: 00:02:08.435 --> 00:02:09.268 humbje kontrolli, 00:02:09.268 --> 00:02:10.199 uri, 00:02:10.199 --> 00:02:12.711 dhe tolerance e tepruar ndaj sheqernave. 00:02:12.711 --> 00:02:14.963 Le te kthehemi tek kafshata jone e grunjerave. 00:02:14.963 --> 00:02:17.069 Ajo udheton poshte drejt stomakut, 00:02:17.069 --> 00:02:18.912 dhe pastaj drejt zorreve. 00:02:18.912 --> 00:02:19.949 Dhe a e di? 00:02:19.949 --> 00:02:22.380 Ketu ndodhen receptore te tjere te sheqernave. 00:02:22.380 --> 00:02:23.335 Nuk dallojne shijen, 00:02:23.335 --> 00:02:24.755 por ama dergojne sinjale 00:02:24.755 --> 00:02:26.587 qe i thone trurit tend se je i ngopur 00:02:26.587 --> 00:02:28.709 apo se trupi duhet te prodhoje me shume insuline 00:02:28.709 --> 00:02:31.003 per te perballuar sheqerin e tepert qe ti po ha. 00:02:31.003 --> 00:02:32.428 Monedha kryesore 00:02:32.428 --> 00:02:34.563 e sistemit tone te shperblimit eshte dopamina, 00:02:34.563 --> 00:02:37.153 nje neurotransmetues i rendesishem kimik. 00:02:37.153 --> 00:02:39.684 Ne pjesen e perparme te trurit ka shume receptore dopamine, 00:02:39.684 --> 00:02:41.840 por ata nuk jane te shperndare njetrajtesisht. 00:02:41.840 --> 00:02:44.648 Ne disa zona gjenden ishuj te dendur receptoresh, 00:02:44.648 --> 00:02:46.312 dhe keto pika te nxehta 00:02:46.312 --> 00:02:48.481 jane pjese e sistemit te shperblimit. 00:02:48.481 --> 00:02:49.767 Drogat si alkooli, 00:02:49.767 --> 00:02:50.436 nikotina, 00:02:50.436 --> 00:02:51.361 apo heroina 00:02:51.361 --> 00:02:53.366 e cojne ne qiell nivelin e dopamines, 00:02:53.366 --> 00:02:56.449 gje qe i nxit disa njerez te arrijne gjithnje ate nivel te larte, 00:02:56.449 --> 00:02:58.645 e thene ndryshe, te krijojne varesi. 00:02:58.645 --> 00:03:01.071 Edhe sheqeri nxit prodhimin e dopamines, 00:03:01.071 --> 00:03:03.238 por jo ne nivele aq te larta sa drogat. 00:03:03.238 --> 00:03:06.400 Dhe sheqeri eshte nje nga ushqimet e rralla qe nxisin prodhimin e dopamines. 00:03:06.400 --> 00:03:08.652 Per shembull, brokoli nuk ka asnje efekt, 00:03:08.652 --> 00:03:09.738 gje qe ndoshta shpjegon se pse 00:03:09.738 --> 00:03:12.837 eshte kaq e veshtire t'i bindesh femijet te hane perime. 00:03:12.837 --> 00:03:14.416 Teksa flasim per ushqimet e shendetshme, 00:03:14.416 --> 00:03:15.620 supozojme se ti ke uri 00:03:15.620 --> 00:03:17.597 dhe vendos te hash nje vakt te balancuar. 00:03:17.597 --> 00:03:19.683 Ti e ben kete, keshtu dopamina ngacmon 00:03:19.683 --> 00:03:21.349 ishujt e ndjeshem te sistemit te shperblimit. 00:03:21.349 --> 00:03:24.730 Por nese ti ha po te njejtin ushqim per disa dite rresht, 00:03:24.730 --> 00:03:27.063 niveli i dopamines do te ulet gjithnje e me shume, 00:03:27.063 --> 00:03:28.998 derisa te arrije ne zero. 00:03:28.998 --> 00:03:30.643 Kjo ndodh sepse, kur flitet per ushqime, 00:03:30.643 --> 00:03:33.077 gjate evolucionit truri u mesua t'i kushtonte vemendje te vecante 00:03:33.077 --> 00:03:34.955 shijeve te reja ose te ndryshme. 00:03:34.955 --> 00:03:35.900 Pse? 00:03:35.900 --> 00:03:37.070 Ka dy arsye: 00:03:37.070 --> 00:03:39.444 e para, per te kuptuar nese ushqimi ishte apo jo i prishur. 00:03:39.444 --> 00:03:41.731 e dyta, sepse sa me shume varietet 00:03:41.731 --> 00:03:42.753 te kemi ne dieten tone, 00:03:42.753 --> 00:03:43.840 aq me e lehte do te jete 00:03:43.840 --> 00:03:45.876 qe te marrim gjithe lendet qe na duhen. 00:03:45.876 --> 00:03:47.251 Ne menyre qe t'a mbajme te gjalle kete varietet, 00:03:47.251 --> 00:03:49.663 duhet te jemi ne gjendje te dallojme nje ushqim te ri, 00:03:49.663 --> 00:03:50.839 dhe c'ka eshte me e rendesishme, 00:03:50.839 --> 00:03:53.544 duhet te kemi gjithnje deshiren per te ngrene ushqime te reja. 00:03:53.544 --> 00:03:55.505 Ja pse niveli i dopamines bie 00:03:55.505 --> 00:03:57.367 kur ushqimi behet i merzitshem. 00:03:57.367 --> 00:03:58.966 Tani le te kthehemi tek vakti jone. 00:03:58.966 --> 00:04:00.423 Cfare ndodh nese ne vend 00:04:00.423 --> 00:04:02.092 te atij vakti te shendetshem e te balancuar, 00:04:02.092 --> 00:04:04.307 ti vendos te hash ushqime me permbajtje te larte sheqeri? 00:04:04.307 --> 00:04:05.840 Nese e ha rralle sheqerin 00:04:05.840 --> 00:04:07.339 ose nuk ha shume prej tij pernjeheresh, 00:04:07.339 --> 00:04:09.973 efekti do te jete i njejte me ate te nje vakti te balancuar. 00:04:09.973 --> 00:04:11.174 Nese ha shume, 00:04:11.174 --> 00:04:13.726 atehere niveli i dopamines nuk do te bjere. 00:04:13.726 --> 00:04:15.493 E thene ndryshe, nese ha shume sheqerna 00:04:15.493 --> 00:04:17.745 do te ndihesh gjithnje i shperblyer. 00:04:17.745 --> 00:04:21.153 Ne kete drejtim, sheqeri sillet paksa si drogat. 00:04:21.153 --> 00:04:22.933 Kjo eshte nje prej arsyeve perse njerezit krijojne varesi 00:04:22.933 --> 00:04:24.621 ndaj ushqimeve te embla. 00:04:24.621 --> 00:04:27.267 Tani, kujtoni te gjitha llojet e ndryshme te sheqerit. 00:04:27.267 --> 00:04:28.740 Secili prej tyre eshte unik, 00:04:28.740 --> 00:04:30.928 por sa here qe njeri prej tyre hyn ne sistemin tone, 00:04:30.928 --> 00:04:33.382 ai nxit nje efekt domino ne trurin tone 00:04:33.382 --> 00:04:35.289 qe prodhon nje ndjesi shperblimi. 00:04:35.289 --> 00:04:36.544 Eshte e forte, dhe ndodh shpesh, 00:04:36.544 --> 00:04:38.720 prandaj ndodh edhe qe te kalohet limiti. 00:04:38.720 --> 00:04:40.922 Pra, konsumi i tepert i sheqernave, 00:04:40.922 --> 00:04:42.975 mund te krijoje varesi te trurit, 00:04:42.975 --> 00:04:46.178 por nje copez kek nje here ne kaq nuk do t'ju sjelle asnje te keqe.