RC3 preroll music
Herald: Welcome back on the channel, of
Chaos zone TV. Now we have an English
speaking contribution. And for that, I
welcome pandemonium, who is a historian
and documentary film maker, and therefore
we will also not have a normal talk, but
we will see the documentary information.
What are they looking at? A documentary on
privacy. And afterwards, we can all talk
about the film, so feel free to post your
questions and we can discuss them. Let's
enjoy the film.
film started
[Filler please remove in amara]
---Because the great promise of the
internet is freedom. Freedom of
expression, freedom of organization,
freedom of assembly. These are really seen
as underpinning rights of what we see as
democratic values.
---Just because you have safety does not
mean that you cannot have freedom. Just
because you have freedom does not mean you
cannot have safety.
---Why is the reaction to doubt it rather
than to assume that it's true and act
accordingly?
---We need to be able to break those laws
that are unjust.
---Privacy is an essence, becoming a de
facto crime. That is somehow you are
hiding something.
---So just to be sure let's have no
privacy.
"Information, what are they looking at? A
film by Theresia Reinhold.
"The Internet is [...] everywhere, but we
only see it in the glimpses. The internet
is like the wholy ghost: it makes itself
knowable to us by taking possession of the
pixels on our screens to manifest sites
and apps and email, but its essence is
always elsewhere.
---Before the Internet came about,
communication was generally one editor to
many, many readers. But now it's peer to
peer. So, you know, at a touch of a button
people have an opportunity to reach
millions of people. That's revolutionizing
the way we communicate.
---One of the things that Facebook and to
a lesser degree Twitter allowed people to
do is be able to see that they weren't
alone. And it was able to create a
critical mass. And I think that's a very
important role that social media took on.
It was able to show people a very easy way
in people's Facebook feeds: "Oh, wow. Look
at Tahrir Square, there's people out there
in Bahrain, in Pearl Square." What people
could feel before walking out their door
into real life action, that they could see
that they are not isolated in their desire
for some sort of change.
---The great promise of the internet is
freedom where the minds without fear and
the head is held high. And the knowledge
is free. Because the promise was: This
will be the great equalizer.
---Before the social web, before the Web
2.0, anything you were doing was kind of
anonymous. By the very concept of
anonymity you were able to discuss things
that would probably be not according to
dominance themes or the dominant trends of
values of your own society.
---I don't find this discussion about how
to deal with the assertion "I have nothing
to hide" boring, even after many years.
Because this sentence is very short, but
very perfidious. The speaker, who hurls
the sentence "I have nothing to hide" at
me, not only says something about
themselves, but also something about me.
Because this sentence "I have nothing to
hide" also has the unspoken component of
"You don't either, do you?" In this
respect, I think this sentence lacks
solidarity, because at the same time one
does not want to work to ensure that the
other, who perhaps has something to hide,
is able to do so.
---One of the things about privacy is that
it's not always about you. It's about the
people in our networks. And so, for
example, I have a lot of friends who are
from Syria. People that I have met in
other places in the world, not necessary
refugees. People who lived abroad for a
while, but those people are at risk all
the time. Both in their home country and
often in their host countries as well. And
so, I might say that I have nothing to
hide. I might say that there's no reason
that I need to keep myself safe. But if
you've got any more like that in a
network, any activists, any people from
countries like that, it's thinking about
privacy and thinking about security means
thinking about keeping those people safe,
too.
Privacy is important, because if think of
the alternative, if everything is public,
if the norm is public, then anything that
you want to keep to yourself has an
association or guild attached. And that
should not be the world that we create.
That's a chilling effect. It's a chilling
effect on our freedoms. It's a chilling
effect on democracy.
"No one shall be subjected to arbitrary
interference with this privacy, family,
home or correspondence, for the attacks
upon his honor and reputation. Everyone
has the right to the protection of the law
against such interference or attacks.
---To me, human rights are something which
has been put to place to guarantee the
freedoms of every single person in the
world. They're supposed to be universal,
indivisible. Having in the eyes of this
systems.
---They're collecting data and metadata
about hundreds of thousands, millions of
people. And some of that data will never
be looked at. That's a fact. We know that.
But at the same time, assuming that just
because you're not involved in activism or
you're not well known that you're not
going to be a target at some point, I
think, that is what can be really harmful
to us. Right now you may not be under any
threat at all, but your friends might be,
your family might be or you might be in
the future. And so that's why we need to
think about it this way, not because we're
going to be snatched out of our homes in
the middle of the night now. But because
this data and this metadata lasts for a
long time.
---My observation is what we are
experiencing right now is that the private
space that should be and remain private in
the digital world is slowly beginning to
erode. It is becoming permeable, and not
just factual. Factually, of course, but
not only factually, but also in
perception. I imagine the digital world as
a panoptical. This is the ring-shaped
building designed by Jeremy Benthem. In
the ring the prisoners are accommodated in
the individual cell, and in the middle
there is a watchtower. And there is a
guard sitting there. And this guard, who
can observe and supervise the prisoners in
the cells around him all the time. The
trick is that the prisoners cannot know if
they are being watched. They only see the
tower, but they don't see the warden. But
they know very well that they could be
watched permanently at any time. And this
fact exerts a changing decisive effect.
---I think surveillance is a technology of
governmentality. It's a bio political
technology. It's there to control and
manage populations. It's really propelled
by state power and the power of entities
that are glued in that cohere around the
state, right? So it is there as a form of
population management and control. So you
have to convince people that it's in their
interest and its like: Every man for
himself and everyone is out to get
everyone.
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[Filler please remove in amara]
---I take my cue from a former general
counsel of the NSA, Suart Baker, who said
on this question: Meta-Data absolutely
tells you everything about somebodies
life. If you have enough Meta-Data you
don't really need content. It is sort of
embarrassing, how predictable we are as
human beings.
---So let's say that you make a phone one
night, you call up a suicide hotline, for
example, you're feeling down, you call
that hotline and then a few hours later
maybe you call a friend. A few hours later
you call a doctor, you send an email and
so on so forth. Now, the contents of that
of those calls and those e-mails are not
necessarily collected. What's being
collected is the time of the call and the
place that you called. And so sometimes in
events like that, those different pieces
of metadata can be linked together to
profile someone.
---David's description of what you can do
with metadata, and quoting a mutual friend
Stewart Baker, is absolutely correct. We
kill people based on Meta-Data. But that
is not what we do with this Meta-Data.
Mayor Denett: Thankfully. Wow, I was
working up a sweat there Mayor laughs
for a second.
---You know, the impetus for governments
for conducting this kind of surveillance
is often at least in rhetoric go to after
terrorists. And obviously, we don't want
terrorism. And so that justification
resonates with most of the public. But I
think that there's a couple problems with
it. The first is that they haven't
demonstrated to us that surveillance
actually works in stopping terrorist
attacks. We haven't seen it work yet. It
didn't work in Paris. It didn't work in
Boston. t didn't work elsewhere. So that's
one part of it. But then I think the other
part of it is that we spend billions of
dollars on surveillance and on war, but
spend very little money on addressing the
root causes of terrorism.
---I consider this debate security versus
freedom to be a bugaboo. Because these
values are not mutually exclusive. I'm not
buying into this propaganda anymore. Many
of the measures we have endured in the
last ten years have not led to more
security, in terms of state-imposed
surveillance. And this is one reason why I
don't want to continue this debate about
whether we should sacrifice freedom for
more security.
---I think power is concealed in the whole
discourse around surveillance, and the way
its concealed is through this
legitimization that it's in your interest
that it keeps you safe. But there have
been many instances where citizens groups
have actually fought against that kind of
surveillance. And I think there is also
sort of a mystique around music starts
the technology of surveillance. There is
the whole sort of like this notion that,
ah, because it's a technology and it's
designed to do this. It's actually
working. But all of this is a concealment
of power relations because who can surveil
who? Is the issue, right?
---But it isn't the majority of the
English population here to get stopped and
searched. It's non-white people. It is not
the majority of non-white people who get
approached to inform on the community.
It's Muslim communities.
---The surveillance that one does on the
other. So as airport, it's the other
passengers that say, oh, so-and-so is
speaking in Arabic. And therefore, that
person becomes the subject, the target
that hyper-surveillance. So it's the kind
of surveillances that are being exercised
by each of us on the other. Because of
this culture of fear that has been
nourished on a way and that's mushrooming
all around us. And these are fears, I
think, go anywhere from the most concrete
to the most vague.
---In this way, I think this is another
way of creating a semblance of control
where this identity is very easily
visible. It's very easily targeted and
it's very easily defined.
---For me, this political discussion is
purely based on fear in which the fear of
people, which is justified, are exploited.
And where racist stereotypes are being
repeated. I think it extremely dangerous
to give in to this more and more, also
because I believe that it reinforces
negative instincts in people. Exclusion,
but also racial profiling.
Kurz: It's inherently disentranchising,
it's disempowering and it's isolating.
When you feel you're being treated as a
different person to the rest of the
population, that's when measures like
surveillance, things that are enabled by
technology really hit home. And cause you
to sort of change that way you feel as a
subject. Because at the end of the day,
you are subjective of a government.
---How is it that these mass surveillance
programs have been kept secret for years
when they are supposed to be so meaningful
and effective? Why didn't anyone publicly
justify it? Then why was it all secretly
justified by secret courts with secret
court rulings? Why, after the Snowden
publications began, did the Commission of
intelligent Agents, which specifically
appointed Obama com to the conclusion that
not a single --zero --- of this cases of
terror or attempted terrorist attacks has
been partially resolved by these giant
telecommunications metadata? In trying to
stop something from happening before it
happens, they can put in a measure and
that thing might not happen. But they
don't know it that measure stopped that
thing from happening, because that thing
never happened. It's hard to measure. You
can't measure it. And you can't say with
certainty thst because of this measure
that that didn't happen. But after 9/11,
after the catastrophic level of attack, it
put decision makers into this impossible
position where citizens where scared. They
needed to do something. One part of that
is trying to screen everybody objectively
and have that sort of panoptical
surveillance. Saying that: "No, no. We can
see everything. Don't worry. We have the
haystack. We just need to find the needle.
But then obviously, they need ways to
target that. You can see it most clearly
over here. You got leaflets through your
door a few years ago, basically saying
that if you've seen anything suspicious,
call this hotline. It listed things like
the neighbor who goes away on holiday many
times a year or, another neighbor whose
curtains are always drawn. It just changes
the way you look at society and you look
at yourself. And it shifts the presumption
of Innocence to a presumption of guilt
already.
---When is someone a potential suicide
bomber? This is where the problem begins.
When they wear an explosive belt and holds
the tiger in their hands? Or when they
order the building blocks for an explosive
belt online? Or when they informed
themselves about how to build an explosive
vest? When can the state legally
intervene? For me it is about the central
very problematic question whether someone
who very problematic question whether
someone who has been identified as a
potential danger or a potential terrorist,
without being a terrorist, if someone like
that can then be legally surveilled or
even arrested? That means if certain
people by potentially posing a concrete
danger ot society can be stripped of,
their fundamental human rights?
---We face am unprecedented threat which
will last
Two days after the attacks in BrĂ¼ssel on
the 22.03.2016 Jean Claude Juncker and the
french prime minister held a join pres
conference. But we also believe that we
need to be a union of security. In it
Juncker called to the ministers to accept
a proposal by the commision for the
propection of the EU.
---For over 15 years now we have observed
a big populist push to adopt even more
surveillance measures. With the attacks of
the past years, there was the opportunity
to pass even more. We have this proposal
for a new directive whose contents a
purely based on ideology.
The Text of the law passed in summary
proceedings was adopteed as an anti-
terrorism directive. Green Member of
Parlament Jan Phillipp Albrecht wrote in
an Statement to Netzpolitik.org: "What the
Directive defines as Terrorism could be
used by governments to criminalize
political action or political protest".
---These type of laws actually are neutral
in principle. In praxis, they are very
discrimantory. If you talk to any
politician right now of the EU level or at
the national or local level they will tell
you that most likely this people are
Muslims.
---Historically and Philosophically this
problem is well known to us. We always
tend to put everithing which is unpleasant
or eene to us, to the horizon. "This is
strange ti us. It is done by others, not
by us." And when one of us does it thent
they have to be distributed.
---And this is Edward Said's point of view
that the western seit comes to define
itself in relation to this eastern other.
So everything that the West was, the East
was'nt and everything that the East was,
the West wasn't. Ans so the East became
this province of emotionality,
irrationality. And the West became the
source of reason, everything controlled
and contained and so forth. And it is this
dichotomy that continues to play itself
out.
---Terrorism emerged as a term for the
first time in context of the French
Revolution. The Jacobins who under
Rebesprierre were the reign of terror,
those where the first Terrorists, that's
what they called. The first terrorism was
the terrorism of the state and of course
this also included the systematic
monitoring of Conterrevoliners.
---Where the proposal of the directive
says that it complies with human rights.
It actually does not because they want to
increase surveillance measures in order
for the population to feel safer. However,
we've seen that more repressive measure do
not necessarily mean that you would have
more security.
---The way you sell it to people is to
appease their sense of anxieties around
"Oh, this is an insecure world. Anything
could happen at any time. And so if
anything could happen at any time, what
can we do about it?
---You gut the feeling that the text is
trying to make sure that few enforecment
will be able to get access to
communications by any means that they
wish.
---To be able to stop something from
happening before it happens, you have to
know everything. You have to look at the
past, look at what happened, but also
predict the future by looking at the past
and then getting as much information as
you can on everything all the time. So
it's about zero risk.
Kurz: All developed democraties have a
concept of like proporionality, that's
what the call it in Germany. that
surveillance measures are weighed up
against the repeat for fundamental rights.
This undoubtly includes privacy. Privacy
is very highly viewed in Germany and
directly derived from human dignity. And
human dignity is only negotiable to very
tiny degree.
---When we are afraid to speak either
because of our government coming after us
because of a partner or a boss or
whomever. All sorts of surveillance causes
self censorship. But I think that mass
surveillance. The idea that everything we
are doing is being collected can cause a
lot of people to think twice before they
open their mouths.
---When all your likes can be traced back
to you of course it affects your
behaviour. Of couse it's usually the case
that sometimes you think: If you like this
thing or if you don't, it would have some
social repressions.
---But if you look throughout history, the
Reformation, the gay rights movements all
these movements where illegal in some way.
If not by law, stricktly, then by culture.
And if we'd this kind of mass surveillance
would we have had this movements?
---If all laws were absolutes, then we
would never have progressed to the point
where women had equal rights because women
had to break the laws. That said: "You
can't have equal rights". Black people in
America had to break the laws that said
they could not have equal rights. And
there's common thread here. You know a lot
of our laws historically have had the
harshest effect on the most vulnerable in
society.
Kurz: The components of whomever has
something to hide has to blame only
themselves only emerged in recent years.
In particular, the former CEO of Google
Eric Smith is known for that of course, he
certyinly said that.
"If you have something that you don't want
anyone to know, maybe you shouldn't be
dooing it on the first place. " But this
is so hostile to humans that is almost
funny. You could think it is satire. A lot
of people can't help that they have
something to hide in a society, that is
unjust. *wieder Eric Shmid" "But if you
really need that kind of privacy, the
reallity is that search changes including
google to retain that information for some
time. "
---Big corporations that have this
business model of people farming are
interested in you becaurse you are the row
materials. Right. Your Infromation is row
materials. What they do is they process
that to build a profile of you. And that's
where the real value is. Because if I know
enough about you, if I as much information
about you that I can build a very
lifelike, constantly evolving picture of
you, a s simpulation of you. That's very
vulnerable.
---The economy of the net is predicting
human behaviour, so that eyeballls can be
delivered to advertising and that's
targeting advertising.
---The system in ways is set up for them
to make money and sell our lettle bits of
data, our interests, our demographics for
other people and for advertisers to be
able to sell things. These companies know
more about us than we know about
ourselves. Right now we're feeding the
beast. And right now, there's very little
oversight.
---It has to reach one person, the same ad
at particular time, if at 3:00 p.m. you
buy the soda you get your lunch. How about
2:55pm you'll get an ad about a discount
about a pizza place next door or a salad
place. Where had exactly the soda comes.
So that's what targeted advertising is.
---It is true, it is convinient. You know,
I always laugh every time I'm on a site.
I'm looking at, let's say, a sweater I
want to buy. And then I move over to
another site and it advertising for that
same sweater. It pops up and reminds me
how much I want it. It's both convinient
and annoying.
---It's a pity that some of the greatest
minds in our century are only wondering
how to make you look advertising. And
that's where the surveillance economy
beginns, I will say, and not just ends.
---To a lot of people that may seem much
less harmful. Bur the fact that they're
capturing this date means that data exists
and we don't who they might share it with.
---There is whole new business now, you
know, data brokers who drew upon, you
know, thousands of data points and create
client profiles to sell to companies. Now,
you don't really know what happens with
this kind of things. So it is hard to
tell, what the implications are until it
is too late. Until it happens.
---The Stasi compared to Google or
Facebook, where amateurs, the Stasi
actually had to use people to surcail you
to spy on you. That was expensive. It was
time consuming. They had to pick targets.
It was very expensive for them to have all
of these people spying on you. Facebook
and Google don't have to do that. They use
Algorithms, that's the mass in mass
surveillance. The fact that it is so
cheap, so convenient to spy on so many
people. And it's not a conspiracy theory.
You don't need conspiracies when you have
the simplicity of business models.
---When we talk about algorithms, we
actually talk about logic. When you want,
for example, buy a book on Amazon. You
have always seen a few other suggestions.
These suggestions are produced for you
based on the history of your preferences,
the history of your searches.
---They learn by making mistakes. And the
thing is, that's fine if it's like selling
dog feed. But it's about predictive
pollicing and about creating a matrix
where you see which individuals are
threatening, that's not ok for me. You
know, that has to be limits. There has to
be lines. And these are all the dynamics
that are coming from the bottom up. These
are the discussions that need to be had,
but they need to be had with all actors.
It's can't just be a an echo chamber. You
don't talk to the some people who agree
with you.
---So one consequence of this would be
many minorities or many people who have
minority views would be silenced. And we
always know that when a minority view is
silenced, it would empower them in a way
and it would radicalize them in the long
run. This is one aspect. The other is that
you would never be challenged by anyone,
who disagrees with you.
---We have to understand that our data is
not exhaust. Our data is not oil. Data is
people. You maybe not doing anything wrong
today, but maybe three governments from
now when they pass a certain law, what you
have done today might be illegal, for
example, and governments that keep that
data can look back over 10, 20 years and
maybe start prosecuting.
---When everything we buy, everything we
read, even the people we meet and date is
determined by this algorithms, I think the
amount of power that they exert on the
society and individuals in this society is
more than the state to the some degree.
And so there I think representatives
democracy have the duty to push the
government to open up these private
entities, to at least expose to some
degree how much control they exert.
---If you adopt the technological
perspective and realize that technology
will slip into our lives much more than is
already the case: Technically into our
bodies, our clothes, into devices that we
sit in an we're wearing, in all sorts of
areas of our coexistence and working life,
then that's definitely the wrong way to
go. Because it leads to a total
surveillance. And if you think about it
for a few minutes, you will realize that
the dichotomy is between control &
freedom. And a fully controlled society
cannot be free.
post film music
[Filler please remove in amara]
Herald: Hello and welcome back from the
movie and know I welcome also our
producer. And. It was very. Oh, yeah,
showing very good. What information can do
and what could be done with information, I
give some people a bit more time to ask
more questions. And in the meantime, I
could ask, Oh, well, this is moving. Those
of these remote to your home was not shown
today for the first time. So what would
you do different or what you think has
maybe changed in the meanwhile since you
made it?
pandemonium: What I would change is I
would definitely try much harder to secure
funding to just simply make a better movie
and have more time and edited faster
because the editing process, because I had
to work on the side was quite long. And
this film, and the way it stands now, was
essentially only funded by a few very
great people who supported me on Patreon
and helped me with some of their private
money, essentially so that it was
essentially an almost no budget
production. So I would definitely change
that. But documentary seen in Germany
being what it is, it's very hard to secure
money if you're not attached to a TV
station or if you don't have a name yet.
And since I didn't have a name, but I
still want to make the movie, I made the
movie. I am still very happy with the
general direction of it. But of course,
since that was mainly shot in 2015 and
2016, some of the newer developments in
terms of especially biometric mass
surveillance and police. Especially in the
U.S., the way police uses body cams, etc.
is not really reflected. But I still think
that the I would still go with the whole
angle on colonialism and racism that is
deeply entrenched in the discussions
around surveillance and privacy. And we
can see that in discussions about shutting
down Telegram in Germany at the moment
because right wing groups the there we see
it in discussions about how to deal with
hate speech online on Facebook or the
Metaverse. And it's going to be called
Zoom. And all of these things are already
kind of in the movie, but I would have
probably focused a bit more on them if I'd
known. Six years ago what would happen and
if I would make it now? But generally, the
direction I would choose the same.
Herald: Yeah, it's quite fascinating. So
it was nearly no budget was so low, and it
was also an interesting point to entertain
now, because in principle, I understood
the ideas that body cams should create
actually a means of protecting people
against police and not the other way
around as it happens sometimes.
pandemonium: So there are definitely and
the problem with especially body cams or
also other of other means of surveillance
is that a video is always thought to be an
objective recording of the reality. But of
course, it always depends on the angle and
cases of body cams, quite literally the
angle, but also data interpretation. And
since humans are always full of biases and
always full of presumptions about who
might be in the right and who might be in
the wrong, these imagery, images or videos
tend to never, even if they would be
showing the objective truth, they're
barely ever interpret it that way. And
it's exactly the same with any sort of
film or photography that we're doing. I
mean, for this movie, I assembled a ton of
interviews and there were very long there
were several hours long in many cases, and
I could added probably 100 different
versions of this movie going essentially
almost opposite directions, exactly the
same material. It shows very strongly how
important it is, that at the end of the
day we overcome our biosies as judges, as
police people, as people walking on the
street an trying to overcome any sort of
surveillance on this impossible on the
technical level, is always connected with
the way, we understand world.
Herald: Yeah, this is, I also remember a
talk several years ago , it was about one
of "freiheit statt Angst" Demonstrations
in Berlin. And there was also a case,
where the term was established, the guy
with a t-shirt got beaten by police and it
was very hard to assemble different videos
and to tell the whole story, what had
happened. You should be able to find that,
there was a talk , where this was
constructed somehow.
Producer: I will definitely looked that
up.
Herald. But I'm not sure about the year
anymore but you will find it. Now we have
a real question from the audience. The
first is, can I find the movie anywhere
and show it to somebody else?
Producer: Yes. It is on YouTube. laugh
Herald: Ok.
Producer: You can literally find it by
typing my name, which is Theresia
Reinhold. And you can find it.
Herald. ok. So, its very good. So, I hope
they are happy. Is the 21. Century
attention span for non-technical friend
with biggest claim. I don't get the
questions. The Idea is: Is there a way of
explaining the non technical people, what
is the problem with "I do not have nothing
to hide".
Producer: If there is anything in your
life, where you are happy, no one is
watching you doing, whether it is a
Century video, that a lot of people don't
know, that you are watching. Or singing in
the shower or anything, then that is your
absolute right that you are not. No one is
judging you on them, and that's the same
with mass surveillance and surfing online
or walking down the street. We have a very
basic comfort zone, should be protected.
Know we have a human right to privacy and
whether it's in a technical room or in an
analog room, like being in a shopping mall
and picking up, I don't know whatever you
don't want other people to know that
you're buying. You should have the right
to do that in private and not have it be
known to other people. And when we are
surfing the internet, everything we do is
constantly analyzed and watched in real
time and you notice our movements online
are sold to the highest bidder and as a
whole, massive advertising industry behind
it. And that's just immoral because humans
should have always the ability to share
only what they want to share. That's how I
try to explain it to non tech people. And
if they're not tech, people from the
former east, is just here to move to Stasi
and they know exactly what you're talking
about.
Herald: Yes, thanks for this explanation
again. And I think also what is important,
what was also mentioned in the movie is
the thing with that is and speak, since it
can be stored now that it's so that future
can haunt your history. Kind of.
pandemonium. Yeah.
Herald: And actually, the question was
now be more precise. And actually, it was
not what I asked you Laughs. Actually is
the question of whether there is or there
could be a short teaser that people could
send to your friends to two of their
friends to to watch the whole movie?
laughs
Reinhold: Oh yes, there is. And that is
also on YouTube and on Vimeo. OK, sorry.
Yes. Laugh
Herald: Well, I also didn't get it from
the question. So OK, so people will find
it very good. So then I guess we are
through with the questions, and I thank
you again for your nice movie and for
being here. Yeah, and. Then this talk is
over here. Chaos zone a TV comes back to
you at four p.m. with the talk "tales from
the quantum industry" until then? Oh yeah.
Which some other streams go to the world
or. Have some lunch. See you.
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