[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.96,0:00:17.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Did you know that every time\Nmusicians pick up their instruments
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.09,0:00:20.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are fireworks going off\Nall over their brain?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.29,0:00:22.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the outside,\Nthey may look calm and focused,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.88,0:00:26.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reading the music and making the precise\Nand practiced movements required.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.87,0:00:30.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But inside their brains,\Nthere's a party going on.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.20,0:00:31.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do we know this?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.41,0:00:33.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, in the last few decades,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.22,0:00:35.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,neuroscientists have made \Nenormous breakthroughs
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.72,0:00:40.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in understanding how our brains work\Nby monitoring them in real time
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.35,0:00:43.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with instruments like\NFMRi and PET scanners.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.46,0:00:45.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When people are hooked up\Nto these machines,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.72,0:00:48.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tasks, such as reading or doing math problems,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.62,0:00:51.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,each have corresponding areas\Nof the brain
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.11,0:00:53.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where activity can be observed.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.16,0:00:56.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when researchers got the participants\Nto listen to music,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.32,0:00:58.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they saw fireworks.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.30,0:01:01.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Multiple areas of their brains\Nwere lighting up at once,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.20,0:01:02.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as they processed the sound,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.84,0:01:05.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,took it apart to understand elements,\Nlike melody and rhythm,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.86,0:01:10.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then put it all back together\Ninto unified musical experience.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.38,0:01:13.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And our brains do all this work\Nin the split second
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.04,0:01:17.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between when we first hear the music\Nand when our foot starts to tap along.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.59,0:01:19.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when scientists turn\Nfrom observing the brains
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.56,0:01:22.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of music listeners to those of musicians,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.64,0:01:25.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the little backyard fireworks\Nbecame a jubilee.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.92,0:01:29.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It turns out that\Nwhile listening to music engages the brain
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.04,0:01:31.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in some pretty interesting activities,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.19,0:01:35.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,playing music is the brain's equivalent\Nof a full-body workout.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.52,0:01:38.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The neuroscientists saw multiple areas\Nof the brain light up,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.71,0:01:41.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,simultaneously processing different information
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.64,0:01:46.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in intricate, interrelated, \Nand astonishingly fast sequences.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.23,0:01:49.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what is it about making music\Nthat sets the brain alight?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.88,0:01:54.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The research is still fairly new,\Nbut neuroscientists have a pretty good idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.60,0:01:59.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Playing a musical instrument engages\Npractically every area of the brain at once,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.32,0:02:03.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially the visual, auditory, and motor cortices.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.34,0:02:07.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And as with any other workout,\Ndisciplined, structured practice in playing music
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.78,0:02:11.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,strengthens those brain functions,\Nallowing us to apply that strength
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.71,0:02:13.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to other activities.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.62,0:02:17.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The most obvious difference between\Nlistening to music and playing it
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.14,0:02:19.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that the latter requires\Nfine motor skills,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.73,0:02:22.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are controlled\Nin both hemispheres of the brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.100,0:02:26.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It also combines the linguistic\Nand mathematical precision,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.14,0:02:28.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which the left hemisphere\Nis more involved,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.30,0:02:32.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the novel and creative \Ncontent that the right excels in.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.11,0:02:34.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For these reasons,\Nplaying music has been found
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.30,0:02:38.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to increase the volume and activity \Nin the brain's corpus callosum,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.88,0:02:41.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the bridge between the two hemispheres,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.35,0:02:46.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,allowing messages to get across the brain\Nfaster and through more diverse routes.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.21,0:02:48.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This may allow musicians\Nto solve problems
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.69,0:02:52.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more effectively and creatively,\Nin both academic and social settings.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.34,0:02:56.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because making music also involves\Ncrafting and understanding
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.24,0:02:58.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,its emotional content and message,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.50,0:03:02.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,musicians often have higher levels\Nof executive function,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.24,0:03:04.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a category of interlinked tasks
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.26,0:03:08.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that includes planning, strategizing, \Nand attention to detail
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.03,0:03:13.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and requires simultaneous analysis\Nof both cognitive and emotional aspects.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.26,0:03:17.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This ability also has an impact\Non how our memory systems work.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.20,0:03:20.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, indeed, musicians exhibit\Nenhanced memory functions,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.45,0:03:25.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,creating, storing, and retrieving memories\Nmore quickly and efficiently.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.48,0:03:29.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Studies have found that musicians\Nappear to use their highly connected brains
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.23,0:03:31.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to give each memory multiple tags,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.99,0:03:37.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as a conceptual tag, an emotional tag,\Nan audio tag, and a contextual tag,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.12,0:03:39.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like a good internet search engine.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.71,0:03:42.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, how do we know that all these benefits\Nare unique to music,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.59,0:03:45.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as opposed to, say, sports or painting?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.32,0:03:47.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or could it be \Nthat people who go into music\N
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.57,0:03:49.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were already smarter to begin with?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.65,0:03:53.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Neuroscientists have explored these issues,\Nbut so far, they have found that
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.34,0:03:57.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the artistic and aesthetic aspects\Nof learning to play a musical instrument
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.35,0:04:01.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are different from any other activity studied,\Nincluding other arts.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.73,0:04:04.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And several randomized studies\Nof participants,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.27,0:04:09.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who showed the same levels of cognitive function \Nand neural processing at the start,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.07,0:04:12.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,found that those who were exposed\Nto a period of music learning
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.88,0:04:16.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,showed enhancement in multiple brain areas,\Ncompared to the others.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.73,0:04:19.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This recent research about\Nthe mental benefits of playing music
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.93,0:04:22.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has advanced our understanding\Nof mental function,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.59,0:04:25.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,revealing the inner rhythms and complex interplay
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.52,0:04:29.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that make up the amazing orchestra\Nof our brain.