WEBVTT

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Thanks a lot for the invitation.

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It's definitely not my time of the day so
excuse me if I'm a little bit…

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Right, next the track.

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I'm always really happy to speak
in front of people

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who are dealing with IT and stuff
because I'm so much not an IT person.

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You saw that I wasn't even able to start
my presentation alone.

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I'm from CADUS.

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CADUS is a humanitarian NGO that was
founded 3 years ago in Berlin.

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It was founded out of a kind of subculture
that is strongly related to the CCC, but

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to the musical and festival subculture
as well.

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What I want to talk about today is
our crisis response makerspace in Berlin.

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Holger (Levsen) invited me after we saw
each other again at Datengarten in Berlin

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and he asked if I can make the presentation
in english as well.

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My english is shit, so please excuse me if
I have to search some words

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from time to time.

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Do you have an idea
what this is?

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It's a huge truck, it's a medical sign
on it, so this is a kind of mobile hospital.

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Mobile hospital which you can use if
other hospitals are broken down

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or if there are no hospitals.

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Do you have an idea how much
such an hospital would cost you

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to buy?

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3 millions, 2 millions, 3 millions,
4 millions, hum…

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This is a picture of a destroyed hospital
in Syria.

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You all see a lot of pictures on the TV,
stuff like that.

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Can you relate these 3 to 4 millions
mobile hospitals

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to these destroyed hospitals.

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Do you normally see in the media that
if a hospital is destroyed

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then this fancy stuff is deployed
to there?

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Do you have an idea why?

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It's "fucking expensive"?

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Something more?

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"Who's gonna pay for it?"

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"Is help wanted?"

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More?

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It is a question of safety from time
to time.

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But on top you have to imagine Syria,
war country, dust, heat,

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no supply chain, nothing like that, so
bringing there

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a 4 million mobile hospital might end in
two weeks of working and after that

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nothing is working anymore because
you don't have the technicians

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who can repair this kind of stuff
for example.

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Next example, I'm sure you know.

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What it is is a pretty fancy fire truck.

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You have them in Germany
in all the bigger villages and

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all the cities, stuff like that.

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If you take a look inside this firetruck,

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you see plenty of fancy stuff.

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I love this stuff, there is stuff to put
out fire, there's stuff to lift things

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with hydrolics.

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There is normal stuff like shovels and
stuff like that.

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But if you relate this to pictures
in disaster areas,

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this is from Haiti, then you see that
you have plenty of people

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but no equipment at all.

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All's pretty clear because normally,
after a disaster,

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people from all over the world come
as fast as possible to the disaster area

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the so-called "urban search and rescue
teams".

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They're coming by plane, so
all the fancy stuff that we have

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in our societies stays here,

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and a few people that typically
???

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go to the disaster areas to help
the poor people.

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You understand this was cynical.

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And there's a third example.
Have you ever seen what this is?

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This is a tourniquet.

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A tourniquet is one meter of nylon strap
and a little bit of plastic.

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A tourniquet is the best way to stop
severe bleeding immediately.

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We know this since the second world war.

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At least it's twenty years
it's totally clear and

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it's validated, this is the best way to
stop severe bleeding.

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Spoiler, you won't see this in the media
if you see like people in Syria getting hurt

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like losing legs after explosions and
stuff like that.

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Do you have an idea how expensive is
such a thing?

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One meter of nylon, a little piece
of plastic?

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Not so expensive, but it goes in
that direction:

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55 dollars for one of these.

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55 dollars for fucking one meter
of nylon strap.

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And, I don't know, less than 10g
of plastic.

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The last example, I don't know if you have
a pet.

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I had a dog, if I would like to,
I could add a GPS to my dog

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and this GPS would say when my dog
is sleeping, where my dog is,

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where I can find my dog if it's gone,
stuff like that.

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But again if you went Haiti directly after
the earthquake,

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people search for other people in
collapsed building

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with their bare hands.

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So, obviously, we have a lot of
technical solutions for everything.

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I can look for my fucking dog in Hamburg
where it is via my app on my iPhone

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but on the other hand, in a disaster area
it's not even possible to search for

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people who are buried in collapsed buildings.

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There are several reasons for that.

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One reason: humanitarian work,
humanitarian aid is a market.

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This is a little bit perverted but
it is a market.

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It's always a question.

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It's not like "Who wants to aid?" but
"Who pays for the help?".

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"Who gets his share out of the ??? ?"

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And you can imagine we have, I don't know,
every two or three years a major earthquake

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so the market, if you compare it to
another business market, is pretty small.

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Who cares for the 1000, 2000, 3000 people
who die in the earthquake every 3 years?

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The next thing: access to the market.

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Is it possible to bring things to Syria?

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Why should I develop, as a businessman
in capitalism,

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why should I develop something if I can't
reach my market easily?

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And the third thing: who are the players
on the market.

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In humanitarian aid, most players are NGOs.

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NGOs are not really interested in
developing new things because

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if I have an NGO, a classical NGO, then
I like the things how they are.

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If there is a disaster, I send my people,
I make some nice pictures for the media

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and I get a little of donations.

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I'm not interested in changing things.

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If I would like building capacity and
local communities

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so much that they don't need me anymore
after disasters,

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then there's no need for my nice wide
NGO anymore.

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So, these three things together make
the situation where you have

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a lot of solutions in our communities
and in our societies

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but you have no possibility to bring this
to disaster aid.

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We started in 2014 in northern Syria
more or less by accident.

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We were asked if we could come
with a political delegation and make

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an overview of the medical infrastructure.

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And ever since we were stuck
in this region

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because we saw no NGOs working there,

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because the states were not really willing
to pay money for that,

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because the northern, north-east Syria
is ruled by some Kurdish militias

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and these Kurdish militias are too lefty
to get money from states,

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let's say it this way.

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So we saw the situation there and
we still had 4-wheel driven truck

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here in Germany and we said

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"This would be great if we just built
out of this truck a mobile hospital."

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We had no idea how to do this,

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we were really a little bit naive
in these times.

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We said just like

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"It's a nice truck, there's a lot of space
in that truck, so let's build it."

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"We have an idea, we have a fantasy.
We will go with this truck to northern Syria

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then we will give it to a local NGO and
then they have a mobile hospital

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to follow the front lines in their fight
against the so-called islamic state."

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And one year and a half, two years later,
we really were in nothern Iraq,

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not northern Syria so far, but in
northern Iraq with our mobile hospital.

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And it was pretty hard to cross a border
to Syria so we had to stay in northern Iraq

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So we asked to WHO, the World Health
Organisation,

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"What can we do right now? We are here,
we have a mobile hospital.

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Do you see any need for us?"

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And they said

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"Yeah, guys, if you'd like to, then
we would like to send you to Mossoul."

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I don't know if you saw in the media,
last year,

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the battle of Mossoul was one of the most
bloody and the most shitty battle

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that we had in the past 20, 30 years,
I think.

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It was a lot civilian casualties and
we said

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"Ok, let's try. We built this mobile
hospital, let's see if it's working."

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We were able to work, like, 1.5km
behind the frontline with the islamic state

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and we were really wondering, we were
really surprised, because we saw that

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nobody else was working there, because
they just didn't have the equipment for that

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??? easier to buy a mobile hospital
for 3-4 million dollars

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nobody had that, and other things
were not available on the market

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so we were the only ones working there

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Over the few months that we worked
directly at the front line,

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we treated several thousands people
with this.

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This was actually the moment when
the crisis response makerspace was born.

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So it was not planned that build up
this makerspace, it was just like

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we had two workshops in Berlin where
we fixed the truck

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where we renovated the truck and
stuff like that.

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After we went to Iraq, we just thought

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"This was a pretty good idea and
it worked out pretty well."

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We were sure there were more problems
that had to be solved in humanitarian crisis.

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Actually, this first mobile hospital went
over the border to Syria one week ago

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so it is on ??? should have gone too.

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What we're doing at the moment.

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We have some lessons learned from
this first mobile hospital and

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we're developing a second mobile hospital

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because the first one was based on
old trucks that we could get really cheap

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in Germany, but our idea was always

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we would like to create opensource
blueprints for local NGOs,

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so that they can copy our solution
that we developed.

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With these german trucks, it's not really
easy, we can't to an NGO in the Middle East

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and say "Look, this is how we build it"

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because they can't get the hand on
these german trucks

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So now we use UC containers because
you can get them everywhere in the world,

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they are unbelievably cheap, you can get
them for 2,500€ and

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at the moment in Berlin we are building
something like this.

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It's not to work inside the containers but
to have an inflatable tent structure

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coming out of the container and then
you have your 20 treatment places and

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we're working on different solutions that
are not existing at the moment

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like this patient treatment places are
based on flight cases

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and stuff like this

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We try to bring together our experiences
from the musical subculture

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from organizing festivals, from building
up structures pretty fast

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and empty rooms and stuff like that
together with this humanitarian problems.

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Another problem that I had at the beginning
was the firetruck,

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when I said "no firetruck in disaster
areas" and we thought

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"We can get our hands on these firetrucks"

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This firetruck is basically just a truck
with a good solution about

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how to store your equipment

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so that you can use your equipment
when it's still on the truck

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and you have your engine running and
you have electricity and stuff like that.

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We were thinking "Ok, you don't need
this firetruck, you just need

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a box system that you can bring with
normal appliances to disaster areas

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and then put them on normal pick-ups,

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pick-ups you find all over the world.

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For this we would need a kind of
box system that you can connect and

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
three angles.

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We took a look at the market, and again,

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
it's not necessary normally, to have
something like this.

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Nobody developed this, meaning that you can
load these boxes with up to 200kg.

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We developed a new kind of box. It won't
have the name CAbox in the future,

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but we couldn't find another.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
This box is a modular system.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
We try to work together with universities,
this was together with the HTW in Berlin.

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This is how things are done with us, we
have first an idea, like

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"How can we cut a firetruck in pieces,
bring it to a disaster area and

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
put it together again?"

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
and out of this process are coming
more and more ideas.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
We thought "Perhaps it's not only
connecting these boxes,

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perhaps it's an idea to make it in
a modular way because then,

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
you can define, for every side of the box

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
a special use, like for example photovoltaic

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
and now we have a box developed
that you can put in a normal airplane,

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
bring to a disaster area, just ???
these boxes, these sides of the boxes

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and get electricity, for example inside
a water pump or something like that.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
We then thought about "Ok, but how
can we get into the disaster areas

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
if there are lots of blocks"

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
We saw this in the ???
of the earthquake,

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
we saw this on Puerto Rico last year
after the typhoon,

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
that the help couldn't reach the island

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
We thought that it's not so difficult
to throw things out of airplanes.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
So again, we took a look at the market
and said

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"Wow, no civilian solutions to throw
huge payloads out of aircrafts."

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
The solutions on the market are
military solutions.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
So the UN can use it, but normally
it's up to the national military

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
who can use it.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
The only solution we could find was
a box system coming

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
from an english company

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
and with this box, you can throw, I think,
up to 70kg but only things that can't break

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
you can't throw out medical instruments
with this.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
So, what we did, we called again,
we looked for

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
who could be the best person to talk
with us about something like that.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
And we thought, it's not the military,
obviously, because

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
they're thinking bigger scales, they're
thinking endless money,

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
they're thinking endless logistics

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
So we got together with paragliders
from Switzerland.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
We met with the refugee response
in the Mediterranean

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
and told them "We would like
to throw things out of airplanes.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
What do you think about it?"

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
They said "Why not? We are jumping
out of airplanes all the time!"

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
So why should it be so difficult?

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
What came out is that every paraglider
which goes down a mountain

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
in Switzerland, frequently, daily, has
an emergency parachute

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
in his powerglide.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
And this emergency parachute has to be
renewed every 3 years,

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
not because it's broken, but because we're
living in a rich society and insurances say

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
"If you don't do this, I won't insure you."

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
So, you have plenty, hundreds, thousands
of used parachutes that are totally ok

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
And you can hang, obviously, more than
100kg on them.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
Then you have these tandem parachutes,

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
you can obviously hang more than 250kg
on them.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
So, what we did, totally illegal,

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
we tried it out and threw some things
from really high bridges in Switzerland

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
with these parachutes.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
And then we saw "yeah, it's
functioning."

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
Next thing was that we developed

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
[laughter]

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
a kind of absorption with carton

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
and the funny thing when we went
to Switzerland and said to the officials

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
"Yeah, you know, we're a bunch of
punk rock idiots working in

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
humanitarian aid but we have this idea,
we could throw things

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
out of normal parachuting machines,

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
because you can find them all over
the world,

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
because all over the world,
people do this sport.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
And it's pretty cheap, and we could reach
valleys that are not reachable yet".

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
They said

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
"Do you know what the problem is?

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
Every country has to have this air drop
capacity."

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
This is like, I don't know, regularly
from the international air travel something

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
and they said "We, in Switzerland,
we solve this again with the military.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
We have to pay like 24,000€ an hour
to do this because we do this

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
with helicopters.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
You offer us a solution that, if it's
working out, is working with

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
2,000€ an hour."

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
So they said "If your system is working,
you will be immediately assigned

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
as an official humanitarian air drop
capacity in Switzerland."

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
We started 1.5 years ago and then

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
what's called ???

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
building in Berlin to renew old trucks
to bring to Northern Syria

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
and then we thought "Let's use this space,
let's look for solutions

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
for humanitarian problems."

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
And the idea was, in the beginning, just
to bring together nerds, geeks, people

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
out of the field, refugees who know best
what will help them in the crises,

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
specialists, universities, stuff like that.

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
What started like "Let's see
if it could happen."

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
comes out as, this year in July, we will
throw out some boxes with parachutes

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
out of airplanes and we'll perhaps have

99:59:59.999 --> 99:59:59.999
the first worldwide airborne emergency
response unit.