9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Thanks a lot for the invitation. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It's definitely not my time of the day so[br]excuse me if I'm a little bit… 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Right, next the track. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I'm always really happy to speak[br]in front of people 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 who are dealing with IT and stuff[br]because I'm so much not an IT person. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 You saw that I wasn't even able to start[br]my presentation alone. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I'm from CADUS. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 CADUS is a humanitarian NGO that was[br]founded 3 years ago in Berlin. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It was founded out of a kind of subculture[br]that is strongly related to the CCC, but 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to the musical and festival subculture[br]as well. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 What I want to talk about today is[br]our crisis response makerspace in Berlin. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Holger (Levsen) invited me after we saw[br]each other again at Datengarten in Berlin 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and he asked if I can make the presentation[br]in english as well. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 My english is shit, so please excuse me if[br]I have to search some words 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 from time to time. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Do you have an idea[br]what this is? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It's a huge truck, it's a medical sign[br]on it, so this is a kind of mobile hospital. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Mobile hospital which you can use if[br]other hospitals are broken down 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or if there are no hospitals. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Do you have an idea how much[br]such an hospital would cost you 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to buy? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 3 millions, 2 millions, 3 millions,[br]4 millions, hum… 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 This is a picture of a destroyed hospital[br]in Syria. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 You all see a lot of pictures on the TV,[br]stuff like that. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Can you relate these 3 to 4 millions[br]mobile hospitals 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to these destroyed hospitals. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Do you normally see in the media that[br]if a hospital is destroyed 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 then this fancy stuff is deployed[br]to there? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Do you have an idea why? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It's "fucking expensive"? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Something more? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "Who's gonna pay for it?" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "Is help wanted?" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 More? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It is a question of safety from time[br]to time. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 But on top you have to imagine Syria,[br]war country, dust, heat, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 no supply chain, nothing like that, so[br]bringing there 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 a 4 million mobile hospital might end in[br]two weeks of working and after that 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 nothing is working anymore because[br]you don't have the technicians 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 who can repair this kind of stuff[br]for example. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Next example, I'm sure you know. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 What it is is a pretty fancy fire truck. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 You have them in Germany[br]in all the bigger villages and 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 all the cities, stuff like that. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 If you take a look inside this firetruck, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you see plenty of fancy stuff. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I love this stuff, there is stuff to put[br]out fire, there's stuff to lift things 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 with hydrolics. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 There is normal stuff like shovels and[br]stuff like that. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 But if you relate this to pictures[br]in disaster areas, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 this is from Haiti, then you see that[br]you have plenty of people 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but no equipment at all. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 All's pretty clear because normally,[br]after a disaster, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 people from all over the world come[br]as fast as possible to the disaster area 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the so-called "urban search and rescue[br]teams". 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 They're coming by plane, so[br]all the fancy stuff that we have 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in our societies stays here, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and a few people that typically[br]??? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 go to the disaster areas to help[br]the poor people. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 You understand this was cynical. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And there's a third example.[br]Have you ever seen what this is? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 This is a tourniquet. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 A tourniquet is one meter of nylon strap[br]and a little bit of plastic. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 A tourniquet is the best way to stop[br]severe bleeding immediately. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We know this since the second world war. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 At least it's twenty years[br]it's totally clear and 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 it's validated, this is the best way to[br]stop severe bleeding. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Spoiler, you won't see this in the media[br]if you see like people in Syria getting hurt 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 like losing legs after explosions and[br]stuff like that. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Do you have an idea how expensive is[br]such a thing? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 One meter of nylon, a little piece[br]of plastic? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Not so expensive, but it goes in[br]that direction: 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 55 dollars for one of these. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 55 dollars for fucking one meter[br]of nylon strap. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And, I don't know, less than 10g[br]of plastic. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The last example, I don't know if you have[br]a pet. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I had a dog, if I would like to,[br]I could add a GPS to my dog 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and this GPS would say when my dog[br]is sleeping, where my dog is, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 where I can find my dog if it's gone,[br]stuff like that. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 But again if you went Haiti directly after[br]the earthquake, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 people search for other people in[br]collapsed building 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 with their bare hands. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, obviously, we have a lot of[br]technical solutions for everything. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I can look for my fucking dog in Hamburg[br]where it is via my app on my iPhone 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but on the other hand, in a disaster area[br]it's not even possible to search for 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 people who are buried in collapsed buildings. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 There are several reasons for that. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 One reason: humanitarian work,[br]humanitarian aid is a market. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 This is a little bit perverted but[br]it is a market. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It's always a question. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It's not like "Who wants to aid?" but[br]"Who pays for the help?". 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "Who gets his share out of the ??? ?" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And you can imagine we have, I don't know,[br]every two or three years a major earthquake 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so the market, if you compare it to[br]another business market, is pretty small. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Who cares for the 1000, 2000, 3000 people[br]who die in the earthquake every 3 years? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The next thing: access to the market. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Is it possible to bring things to Syria? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Why should I develop, as a businessman[br]in capitalism, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 why should I develop something if I can't[br]reach my market easily? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And the third thing: who are the players[br]on the market. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 In humanitarian aid, most players are NGOs. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 NGOs are not really interested in[br]developing new things because 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 if I have an NGO, a classical NGO, then[br]I like the things how they are. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 If there is a disaster, I send my people,[br]I make some nice pictures for the media 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and I get a little of donations. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I'm not interested in changing things. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 If I would like building capacity and[br]local communities 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so much that they don't need me anymore[br]after disasters, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 then there's no need for my nice wide[br]NGO anymore. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, these three things together make[br]the situation where you have 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 a lot of solutions in our communities[br]and in our societies 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but you have no possibility to bring this[br]to disaster aid. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We started in 2014 in northern Syria[br]more or less by accident. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We were asked if we could come[br]with a political delegation and make 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 an overview of the medical infrastructure. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And ever since we were stuck[br]in this region 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because we saw no NGOs working there, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because the states were not really willing[br]to pay money for that, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because the northern, north-east Syria[br]is ruled by some Kurdish militias 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and these Kurdish militias are too lefty[br]to get money from states, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 let's say it this way. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So we saw the situation there and[br]we still had 4-wheel driven truck 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 here in Germany and we said 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "This would be great if we just built[br]out of this truck a mobile hospital." 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We had no idea how to do this, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we were really a little bit naive[br]in these times. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We said just like 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "It's a nice truck, there's a lot of space[br]in that truck, so let's build it." 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "We have an idea, we have a fantasy.[br]We will go with this truck to northern Syria 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 then we will give it to a local NGO and[br]then they have a mobile hospital 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to follow the front lines in their fight[br]against the so-called islamic state." 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And one year and a half, two years later,[br]we really were in nothern Iraq, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 not northern Syria so far, but in[br]northern Iraq with our mobile hospital. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And it was pretty hard to cross a border[br]to Syria so we had to stay in northern Iraq 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So we asked to WHO, the World Health[br]Organisation, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "What can we do right now? We are here,[br]we have a mobile hospital. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Do you see any need for us?" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And they said 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "Yeah, guys, if you'd like to, then[br]we would like to send you to Mossoul." 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I don't know if you saw in the media,[br]last year, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the battle of Mossoul was one of the most[br]bloody and the most shitty battle 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that we had in the past 20, 30 years,[br]I think. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It was a lot civilian casualties and[br]we said 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "Ok, let's try. We built this mobile[br]hospital, let's see if it's working." 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We were able to work, like, 1.5km[br]behind the frontline with the islamic state 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and we were really wondering, we were[br]really surprised, because we saw that 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 nobody else was working there, because[br]they just didn't have the equipment for that 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 ??? easier to buy a mobile hospital[br]for 3-4 million dollars 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 nobody had that, and other things[br]were not available on the market 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so we were the only ones working there 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Over the few months that we worked[br]directly at the front line, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we treated several thousands people[br]with this. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 This was actually the moment when[br]the crisis response makerspace was born. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So it was not planned that build up[br]this makerspace, it was just like 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we had two workshops in Berlin where[br]we fixed the truck 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 where we renovated the truck and[br]stuff like that. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 After we went to Iraq, we just thought 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "This was a pretty good idea and[br]it worked out pretty well." 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We were sure there were more problems[br]that had to be solved in humanitarian crisis. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Actually, this first mobile hospital went[br]over the border to Syria one week ago 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so it is on ??? should have gone too. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 What we're doing at the moment. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We have some lessons learned from[br]this first mobile hospital and 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we're developing a second mobile hospital 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because the first one was based on[br]old trucks that we could get really cheap 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in Germany, but our idea was always 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we would like to create opensource[br]blueprints for local NGOs, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so that they can copy our solution[br]that we developed. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 With these german trucks, it's not really[br]easy, we can't to an NGO in the Middle East 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and say "Look, this is how we build it" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because they can't get the hand on[br]these german trucks 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So now we use UC containers because[br]you can get them everywhere in the world, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they are unbelievably cheap, you can get[br]them for 2,500€ and 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 at the moment in Berlin we are building[br]something like this. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It's not to work inside the containers but[br]to have an inflatable tent structure 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 coming out of the container and then[br]you have your 20 treatment places and 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we're working on different solutions that[br]are not existing at the moment 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 like this patient treatment places are[br]based on flight cases 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and stuff like this 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We try to bring together our experiences[br]from the musical subculture 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 from organizing festivals, from building[br]up structures pretty fast 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and empty rooms and stuff like that[br]together with this humanitarian problems. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Another problem that I had at the beginning[br]was the firetruck, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 when I said "no firetruck in disaster[br]areas" and we thought 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "We can get our hands on these firetrucks" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 This firetruck is basically just a truck[br]with a good solution about 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 how to store your equipment 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so that you can use your equipment[br]when it's still on the truck 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and you have your engine running and[br]you have electricity and stuff like that. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We were thinking "Ok, you don't need[br]this firetruck, you just need 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 a box system that you can bring with[br]normal appliances to disaster areas 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and then put them on normal pick-ups, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 pick-ups you find all over the world. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 For this we would need a kind of[br]box system that you can connect and 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 three angles. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We took a look at the market, and again, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 it's not necessary normally, to have[br]something like this. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Nobody developed this, meaning that you can[br]load these boxes with up to 200kg. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We developed a new kind of box. It won't[br]have the name CAbox in the future, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but we couldn't find another. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 This box is a modular system. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We try to work together with universities,[br]this was together with the HTW in Berlin. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 This is how things are done with us, we[br]have first an idea, like 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "How can we cut a firetruck in pieces,[br]bring it to a disaster area and 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 put it together again?" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and out of this process are coming[br]more and more ideas. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We thought "Perhaps it's not only[br]connecting these boxes, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 perhaps it's an idea to make it in[br]a modular way because then, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you can define, for every side of the box 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 a special use, like for example photovoltaic 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and now we have a box developed[br]that you can put in a normal airplane, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 bring to a disaster area, just ???[br]these boxes, these sides of the boxes 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and get electricity, for example inside[br]a water pump or something like that. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We then thought about "Ok, but how[br]can we get into the disaster areas 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 if there are lots of blocks" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We saw this in the ???[br]of the earthquake, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we saw this on Puerto Rico last year[br]after the typhoon, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that the help couldn't reach the island 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We thought that it's not so difficult[br]to throw things out of airplanes. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So again, we took a look at the market[br]and said 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "Wow, no civilian solutions to throw[br]huge payloads out of aircrafts." 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The solutions on the market are[br]military solutions. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So the UN can use it, but normally[br]it's up to the national military 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 who can use it. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The only solution we could find was[br]a box system coming 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 from an english company 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and with this box, you can throw, I think,[br]up to 70kg but only things that can't break 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you can't throw out medical instruments[br]with this. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, what we did, we called again,[br]we looked for 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 who could be the best person to talk[br]with us about something like that. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And we thought, it's not the military,[br]obviously, because 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they're thinking bigger scales, they're[br]thinking endless money, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they're thinking endless logistics 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So we got together with paragliders[br]from Switzerland. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We met with the refugee response[br]in the Mediterranean 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and told them "We would like[br]to throw things out of airplanes. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 What do you think about it?" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 They said "Why not? We are jumping[br]out of airplanes all the time!" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So why should it be so difficult? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 What came out is that every paraglider[br]which goes down a mountain 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in Switzerland, frequently, daily, has[br]an emergency parachute 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in his powerglide. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And this emergency parachute has to be[br]renewed every 3 years, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 not because it's broken, but because we're[br]living in a rich society and insurances say 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "If you don't do this, I won't insure you." 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, you have plenty, hundreds, thousands[br]of used parachutes that are totally ok 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And you can hang, obviously, more than[br]100kg on them. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Then you have these tandem parachutes, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you can obviously hang more than 250kg[br]on them. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, what we did, totally illegal, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we tried it out and threw some things[br]from really high bridges in Switzerland 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 with these parachutes. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And then we saw "yeah, it's[br]functioning." 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Next thing was that we developed 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 [laughter] 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 a kind of absorption with carton 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and the funny thing when we went[br]to Switzerland and said to the officials 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "Yeah, you know, we're a bunch of[br]punk rock idiots working in 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 humanitarian aid but we have this idea,[br]we could throw things 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 out of normal parachuting machines, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because you can find them all over[br]the world, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because all over the world,[br]people do this sport. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And it's pretty cheap, and we could reach[br]valleys that are not reachable yet". 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 They said 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "Do you know what the problem is? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Every country has to have this air drop[br]capacity." 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 This is like, I don't know, regularly[br]from the international air travel something 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and they said "We, in Switzerland,[br]we solve this again with the military. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We have to pay like 24,000€ an hour[br]to do this because we do this 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 with helicopters. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 You offer us a solution that, if it's[br]working out, is working with 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 2,000€ an hour." 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So they said "If your system is working,[br]you will be immediately assigned 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 as an official humanitarian air drop[br]capacity in Switzerland." 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We started 1.5 years ago and then 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 what's called ??? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 building in Berlin to renew old trucks[br]to bring to Northern Syria 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and then we thought "Let's use this space,[br]let's look for solutions 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 for humanitarian problems." 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And the idea was, in the beginning, just[br]to bring together nerds, geeks, people 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 out of the field, refugees who know best[br]what will help them in the crises, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 specialists, universities, stuff like that. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 What started like "Let's see[br]if it could happen." 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 comes out as, this year in July, we will[br]throw out some boxes with parachutes 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 out of airplanes and we'll perhaps have 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the first worldwide airborne emergency[br]response unit.