[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.11,0:00:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Toul Sleng secondary School is hidden behind a fence
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.02,0:00:08.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a quiet district of the Cambodian Capital Phnom Penh
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.53,0:00:13.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's been empty for almost 30 years
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.81,0:00:16.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a silent witness to the agony of a nation
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.100,0:00:23.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thousands of men women and children were tortured in its classrooms
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.21,0:00:33.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were then driven to the outskirts of the city and executed
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.34,0:00:38.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nearly 2 million people died in the killing fields of Cambodia
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.10,0:00:43.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a quarter if the country's population lost in less than four years
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.46,0:00:47.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one man above all was responsible for this secret genocide
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.59,0:00:54.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he used hunger and terror to control not just what his people did and said
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.45,0:00:55.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what they wore
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.55,0:00:57.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they lived even who they loved
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.69,0:01:00.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pol Pot
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.18,0:01:04.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cambodia was closed to the world
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.50,0:01:06.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and no true record was filmed of his new society
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.64,0:01:09.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but drawing on his words and the testimony of those
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.86,0:01:12.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who knew him well, this is the story of Pol Pot's
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.90,0:01:16.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Journey to the Killing Fields
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.10,0:01:38.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 1997 a few monhs before he died
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.88,0:01:41.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pol Pot gave a rare and surprising frank
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.38,0:01:42.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interview with and American journalist
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.95,0:01:47.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he spoke of the revolution he led and his childhood
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.57,0:01:54.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was born in January 1925
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.21,0:01:57.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I remember this because my mother
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.06,0:02:00.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wrote it in chalk on the wall of the house
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.20,0:02:06.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I am the son of a peasant
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.14,0:02:07.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when I was young
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.59,0:02:09.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I used to help my parents in the field
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.61,0:02:17.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pol Pot or Saloth Sar to give him his true name
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.48,0:02:20.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was from the sort of land owning family
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.00,0:02:22.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he would later denounce as parasites
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.52,0:02:29.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we were neither rich nor poor
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.79,0:02:32.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we just made a fair living
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.16,0:02:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we needed some help at harvest time
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.26,0:02:40.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we were able to employ our neighbours
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.76,0:02:43.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to help us harvest the rice and plow the fields
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.96,0:02:54.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a child Saloth Sar was a good kind gentle and hard working
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.15,0:02:58.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I say this some people dont believe me
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.46,0:03:01.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we used to swim in the river together
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.56,0:03:03.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we played everywhere
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.61,0:03:04.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all sort of games
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.86,0:03:09.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ever since my childhood
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.18,0:03:12.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i've tried never to talk about myself
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.86,0:03:16.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's really just part of my nature
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.57,0:03:20.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm taciturn. I'm really quite modest
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.58,0:03:26.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the evenings Sar and his brothers
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.38,0:03:28.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would listen to traditional tales of the Khymer Kings
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.43,0:03:30.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the teachings of the Buddha
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.70,0:03:37.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cambodia was a poor peasant society
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.21,0:03:41.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most people travelled no more than a few miles from their rice fields
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.41,0:03:45.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but Saloth Sar's father wanted a different life for his son
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.55,0:03:50.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when Sar was nine he was sent to the capital Phnom Penh
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.31,0:03:55.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was in the streets of Phnom Penh
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.84,0:03:59.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that saw Phnom Penh the Sar came into contact with Cambodia's other world
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.82,0:04:03.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the country was ruled by a Khymer King
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.61,0:04:07.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in name only the French were the colonial masters
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.49,0:04:13.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the priviledged were educated by the colonialists in their language
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.78,0:04:16.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Saloth Sar was one of the privileged
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.05,0:04:20.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he studied French literature
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.44,0:04:21.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and history
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.73,0:04:25.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the revolution of 1789
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.82,0:04:28.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the reign of terror that followed it
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.34,0:04:36.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,school friends remembered Sar as an amusing companion but closed
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.92,0:04:39.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for a talent even then for hiding his thoughts
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.86,0:04:43.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was not an especially abled student
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.85,0:04:51.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no one could recall Soleth Sar showing any interest in the future of his country
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.53,0:04:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and yet the ordered world of the Khmer Kingdon
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.00,0:04:57.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was about to be turned upside down
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.60,0:05:05.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the French were engaged in a bitter struggle to hold onto power
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.41,0:05:07.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in neighbouring Vietnam
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.13,0:05:10.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where a determined communist army was fighting for independence
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.18,0:05:15.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Communist Viet Minh Guerillas
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.07,0:05:17.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have begun to train small bands of Cambodians
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.75,0:05:25.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their attacks were confined to a few remote border posts
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.45,0:05:28.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but their cry National Independence
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.00,0:05:31.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was beginning to resound throughout Indochina
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.01,0:05:42.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When Saloth Sar was 20 he made a pilgramige with friends to the great forest temples of Angkor
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.44,0:05:47.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,built at the high point of Khmer civilisation more than 700 years ago
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.55,0:05:51.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they remain the symbol of national pride and independence
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.49,0:05:55.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the visit would leave a lasting impression on the students
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.54,0:05:56.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who became Pol Pot
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.92,0:06:02.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if our people could built Angkor Wat they could do anything
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.69,0:06:07.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we must revive our national soul and pride in order
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.18,0:06:08.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to defend the nation
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.94,0:06:10.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,build the country well
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.24,0:06:12.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and preserve it forever
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.34,0:06:17.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was the beginning of a political journey
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.32,0:06:20.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would change the course of Saloth Sar life forever
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.04,0:06:26.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 1949 Sar was one of a small and very privileged \Nband of students to be given
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.00,0:06:30.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a scholarship to study in the capital of the colonial empire
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.49,0:06:35.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Paris glittered with new life
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.17,0:06:36.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after the austerity of the war years
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.24,0:06:41.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at first Saloth Sar's chief interest was in living life to the full
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.15,0:06:45.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that changed in the winter of 1950
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.40,0:06:53.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I met some students with progressive views
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.77,0:06:56.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I often stayed with them and little by little
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.04,0:06:59.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they began to influence my views
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.32,0:07:06.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these meetings would take place at my place
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.80,0:07:09.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we discussed things
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.40,0:07:13.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we exchanged ideas and two tendencies emerged
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.61,0:07:18.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one in favour of a struggle for independence
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.09,0:07:20.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by peaceful means
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.40,0:07:22.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the other
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.55,0:07:25.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was a radical group that was in favour of armed struggle
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.68,0:07:29.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Saloth Sar was of the radical view
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.21,0:07:34.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it seemed to him that the war against French colonialism
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.33,0:07:36.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was being fought and won everywhere by Communists
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.78,0:07:40.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin was honoured
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.37,0:07:42.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the streets of Paris
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.98,0:07:51.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a quarter of the French population voted Communist
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.39,0:07:55.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the small group of radical students that had met Vannsak's appartment
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.07,0:07:58.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in was drawn into the party
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.38,0:08:00.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Saloth Sar was among them
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.04,0:08:08.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sar had become a revoltionary
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.01,0:08:12.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,intent above all on the overthrow of Cambodia's colonial masters
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.14,0:08:18.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 1953 he decided to return home to fight for independence
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.39,0:08:27.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he sought out the most disciplined and effective of the groups
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.74,0:08:29.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fighting the French in Indochina
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.28,0:08:32.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Communist Viet Minh
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.45,0:08:38.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in his first months in the jungle the comrade who had return from Paris to fight
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.55,0:08:41.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was trusted with no more than the camp's vegetable patch
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.92,0:08:49.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,almost everyone there was Vietnamese there were only a handful of Cambodians
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.79,0:08:53.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and for a long time there was nothing for me to do
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.06,0:08:58.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and after a while they let me work in the kitchen
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.70,0:09:02.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but really the Cambodians were there in name only
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.41,0:09:07.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just how dependant the Cambodians were
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.74,0:09:10.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on their Vietnamese comrades became all too obvious
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.84,0:09:14.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,only months after Solath Sar joined the struggle for independence
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.48,0:09:25.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 1953 the French agreed to pull out of Cambodia and Vietnam
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.07,0:09:29.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in Cambodia it was not a Communist leader
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.50,0:09:31.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who became the symbol of national independence
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.40,0:09:34.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the young King Sihanouk
Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.85,0:09:44.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Viet Minh controlled more than a third of the country
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.55,0:09:47.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they chose not to fight on for a Socialist Republic
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.19,0:09:47.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Cambodia
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.54,0:09:49.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they made peace with the King
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.23,0:09:57.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Cambodians were forced to bury their weapons in the forest
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.10,0:10:01.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after the peace agreement was signed
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.65,0:10:04.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I returned to the capital and resumed my work
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.47,0:10:05.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the political underground
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.59,0:10:09.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in public I worked as a school teacher
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.04,0:10:12.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in geography history and morals
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.38,0:10:16.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in private in the political underground
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.36,0:10:18.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I made contact with not just students
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.77,0:10:19.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and intellectuals
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.32,0:10:22.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also workers and peasants
Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.32,0:10:31.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we lived openly as ordinary people but
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.47,0:10:33.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in secret we were working for the party
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.39,0:10:38.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was at this time that Soleth Sar met the man who became
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.72,0:10:42.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his closest political ally Brother Nr 2 Nuon Chea
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.21,0:10:46.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he is accused of sharing responsibilty for the Killing Fields
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.23,0:10:53.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Solath Sar had a certain skill at bringing new people in to the party
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.48,0:10:59.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was a modest charming person but he was clever and good at explaining things in a way
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.26,0:11:00.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people could understand
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.91,0:11:04.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Solath Sar would speak of this time
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.80,0:11:07.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as one of untiring work for the party
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.20,0:11:09.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there is another
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.35,0:11:10.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a half hidden story
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.67,0:11:15.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the man who in Paris helped kindle Sar's interests in politics
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.10,0:11:19.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had returned home to campaign in his country's first free elections
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.96,0:11:25.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he came and had breakfast
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.45,0:11:29.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with me every morning and we talked together and prepared the electoral
Dialogue: 0,0:11:29.70,0:11:31.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,campaign of the Democratic Party
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.30,0:11:37.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it was not just a shared interest in the election
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.39,0:11:39.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that drew Sar to Vannsak's
Dialogue: 0,0:11:39.22,0:11:40.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,house every day
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.38,0:11:45.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,her name was Sun Son Meli
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.65,0:11:49.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,her mother was a princess living at the royal palace
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.10,0:11:54.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she used to meet Solath's Sar at my house
Dialogue: 0,0:11:57.69,0:11:59.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at that time she loved him
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.28,0:12:03.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she hoped that Solath Sar would become an important figure
Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.92,0:12:06.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but any hope Sar may have had for a life with
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.30,0:12:09.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sun Son Meli free of revoltionary struggle
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.64,0:12:13.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,crumbled within a year of his return to the city
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.25,0:12:20.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the winner of the country's first election was Sihanouk
Dialogue: 0,0:12:20.99,0:12:23.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the King had renounced his throne to take part
Dialogue: 0,0:12:23.71,0:12:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but not his powers
Dialogue: 0,0:12:25.19,0:12:28.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he had ensured his own victory by arresting his political opponents
Dialogue: 0,0:12:30.42,0:12:32.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,taking part in elections
Dialogue: 0,0:12:32.32,0:12:34.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is just for propaganda
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.64,0:12:39.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the end and election is a power struggle and those who have power
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.05,0:12:43.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in their hands are the ones who determine
Dialogue: 0,0:12:43.34,0:12:44.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the final result
Dialogue: 0,0:12:46.20,0:12:48.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was a turning point for Sar
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.58,0:12:51.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an end to hopes for democratic change in Cambodia
Dialogue: 0,0:12:52.47,0:12:54.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and even more painful was the personal loss
Dialogue: 0,0:12:55.01,0:12:56.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he experienced in its wake
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.23,0:13:04.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it really marked his life Sun Son abandoned Solath Sar
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.94,0:13:07.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to go out with Sihanouk's second in command
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.62,0:13:15.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she gave herself to someone richer and better known
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.99,0:13:17.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than Solath Sar
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.79,0:13:20.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the poor revoltionary without a revolution
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.65,0:13:25.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within a year Solath Sar had married
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.36,0:13:28.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but a very different sort of woman
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.26,0:13:34.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it wasn't surprising that he married Khieu Ponnary
Dialogue: 0,0:13:34.84,0:13:37.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because she was a committed member of the Communist Party
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.88,0:13:40.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she had been educated in France too
Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.71,0:13:43.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she was the most respected woman professor in Cambodia
Dialogue: 0,0:13:47.95,0:13:51.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was to prove the perfect revoltionary marriage
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.52,0:13:54.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the couple began to throw themselves into party work
Dialogue: 0,0:13:57.92,0:14:00.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the risks were greater than they had ever been
Dialogue: 0,0:14:01.40,0:14:05.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Prince Sihanouk had launched a campaign against the Communist Party
Dialogue: 0,0:14:05.74,0:14:07.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he'd begun to call it by a new name
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.06,0:14:10.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Khmer Rouge
Dialogue: 0,0:14:13.79,0:14:15.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more and more people were imprisoned
Dialogue: 0,0:14:16.34,0:14:17.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there were more killings
Dialogue: 0,0:14:17.93,0:14:21.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people were bribed persecuted and just gave up
Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.88,0:14:25.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so our support base in the cities was under siege
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.14,0:14:31.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tuo Smout the party secretary was arrested by the security police
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.35,0:14:35.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they took him to the outskirts of Phnom Penh and killed him
Dialogue: 0,0:14:37.86,0:14:42.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I went to see Solath Sar who was a member of the party's standing committee
Dialogue: 0,0:14:43.20,0:14:45.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was the deputy secretary of the party
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.64,0:14:47.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I told him that I didnt want to lead it
Dialogue: 0,0:14:49.91,0:14:52.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i asked him to accept the leadership in my place
Dialogue: 0,0:14:53.56,0:14:56.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nuon Chea had ensured that his comrade Solath Sar
Dialogue: 0,0:14:56.42,0:14:58.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would become Brother Nr 1
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.76,0:15:05.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the police kept following me and knew my name
Dialogue: 0,0:15:05.54,0:15:07.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but had no idea of my postion
Dialogue: 0,0:15:09.22,0:15:13.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but by 1963 it was clear that I could no longer stay in Phnom Penh
Dialogue: 0,0:15:13.94,0:15:21.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I returned to the forest to the Makee it would be another 12 years before he returned to Phnom Penh
Dialogue: 0,0:15:22.69,0:15:25.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not as Solath Sar but as Pol Pot
Dialogue: 0,0:15:27.89,0:15:33.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at first he was forced to rely again on his North Vietnamese comrades for food and shelter
Dialogue: 0,0:15:34.20,0:15:37.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they had established new camps on the Cambodian border
Dialogue: 0,0:15:37.79,0:15:40.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and were striking deep in South Vietnam
Dialogue: 0,0:15:41.29,0:15:42.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a powerful new enemy
Dialogue: 0,0:15:43.06,0:15:45.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had taken the place of the French in the South
Dialogue: 0,0:15:45.59,0:15:49.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one dedicated to preventing the spread of Communism
Dialogue: 0,0:15:50.72,0:15:52.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the United States
Dialogue: 0,0:15:56.33,0:15:58.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,American bombers would fly Sortie after Sortie
Dialogue: 0,0:15:58.87,0:16:01.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in search of North Vietnamese Guerillas
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.40,0:16:04.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dropping hundreds of thousands of tonnes of explosives
Dialogue: 0,0:16:04.88,0:16:06.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on a country they weren't at war with
Dialogue: 0,0:16:12.03,0:16:13.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over the next 10 years
Dialogue: 0,0:16:13.50,0:16:19.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nearly 150,000 Cambodians would die in American raids
Dialogue: 0,0:16:19.53,0:16:21.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most of them innocent villagers
Dialogue: 0,0:16:23.05,0:16:25.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Americans carried out more and more bombings and
Dialogue: 0,0:16:25.80,0:16:28.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the more they bombed us the more people came to join us
Dialogue: 0,0:16:29.17,0:16:31.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our forces were getting stronger
Dialogue: 0,0:16:34.82,0:16:41.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by 1968 Solath Sar and his comrades had established their own forest camps along the Vietnamese border
Dialogue: 0,0:16:42.73,0:16:46.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their forces were now known to all as the Khmer Rouge
Dialogue: 0,0:16:49.86,0:16:53.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our leadership or command centre was known as K5
Dialogue: 0,0:16:53.70,0:16:57.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was located quite far away from any of the local villages
Dialogue: 0,0:16:57.71,0:17:00.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,camp K5 was where all the important meetings were held and
Dialogue: 0,0:17:01.41,0:17:02.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where Solath Sar lived
Dialogue: 0,0:17:03.35,0:17:04.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he had his own guards
Dialogue: 0,0:17:04.64,0:17:05.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lots of them
Dialogue: 0,0:17:07.16,0:17:10.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Solath Sar was no longer the first among equals
Dialogue: 0,0:17:12.88,0:17:16.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the all powerful party chief Pol Pot
Dialogue: 0,0:17:18.82,0:17:21.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it wasn't just Solath Sar but all the leaders
Dialogue: 0,0:17:21.83,0:17:24.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we all changed our names to hide ourselves from the enemy
Dialogue: 0,0:17:24.99,0:17:27.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,secrecy was vitally important without it
Dialogue: 0,0:17:27.39,0:17:28.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we couldn't win the war
Dialogue: 0,0:17:31.04,0:17:32.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pol Pot chose to live apart
Dialogue: 0,0:17:33.18,0:17:35.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,known only to a small circle within the party
Dialogue: 0,0:17:37.90,0:17:42.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it was in this small circle that he began to fashio the new Cambodian Communism
Dialogue: 0,0:17:43.75,0:17:46.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was in a very isolated rural area
Dialogue: 0,0:17:47.12,0:17:50.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it was here that my views changed a good deal
Dialogue: 0,0:17:51.56,0:17:54.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was really what we saw in the country
Dialogue: 0,0:17:54.27,0:17:55.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that made an impression on us
Dialogue: 0,0:18:00.84,0:18:04.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we studies a lot of papers mainly from the Soviet Union and China
Dialogue: 0,0:18:05.21,0:18:08.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we did put some of these theories into practice
Dialogue: 0,0:18:08.78,0:18:12.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we adapted them to the situation in our own country
Dialogue: 0,0:18:15.46,0:18:17.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the lifeblood of Pols revolution
Dialogue: 0,0:18:17.26,0:18:18.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be the country's poorest
Dialogue: 0,0:18:19.26,0:18:21.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,non of the party's leaders were peasants
Dialogue: 0,0:18:22.19,0:18:24.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but Pol believed they'd risen above their origins by
Dialogue: 0,0:18:25.05,0:18:28.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by purifying themselves in the revolutionary struggle
Dialogue: 0,0:18:31.93,0:18:33.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,new recruits to the Khymer Rouge were to follow
Dialogue: 0,0:18:34.11,0:18:37.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their example by dedicating themselves to the will of the party
Dialogue: 0,0:18:37.80,0:18:38.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leadership
Dialogue: 0,0:18:38.87,0:18:40.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to Angkar
Dialogue: 0,0:18:41.51,0:18:43.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were often locked in a bamboo cell until
Dialogue: 0,0:18:43.96,0:18:45.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they had proven their obedience
Dialogue: 0,0:18:45.61,0:18:47.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and loyalty
Dialogue: 0,0:18:47.79,0:18:51.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the first Pol imposed a rigid monastic disiplline
Dialogue: 0,0:18:51.96,0:18:53.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the movement
Dialogue: 0,0:19:12.18,0:19:15.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everyone was required to attend regular lifestyle
Dialogue: 0,0:19:15.25,0:19:19.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meetings under the direction of a senior party official or cadre
Dialogue: 0,0:19:20.29,0:19:22.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nothing was to be hidden from Angkar
Dialogue: 0,0:19:22.88,0:19:28.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one by one those present were asked to confess their weaknesses and seek forgiveness
Dialogue: 0,0:19:44.10,0:19:46.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the same monastic discipline was expected of the peasants
Dialogue: 0,0:19:46.82,0:19:49.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,living in the areas captured by the Khmer Rouge
Dialogue: 0,0:19:50.80,0:19:53.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but its soldiers were popular in the villages
Dialogue: 0,0:19:59.56,0:20:01.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we stayed in a village
Dialogue: 0,0:20:01.16,0:20:02.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we would help clean the house
Dialogue: 0,0:20:02.68,0:20:04.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,refill the water supply
Dialogue: 0,0:20:05.01,0:20:06.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my men looked after the villages
Dialogue: 0,0:20:07.29,0:20:09.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what they saw what we were prepared to do for them
Dialogue: 0,0:20:10.06,0:20:11.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they began to support us
Dialogue: 0,0:20:12.44,0:20:15.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,supply us with rice and many other things
Dialogue: 0,0:20:16.84,0:20:19.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at first there was only a trickle of new recruits
Dialogue: 0,0:20:20.20,0:20:22.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 1970 it become a flood
Dialogue: 0,0:20:23.38,0:20:28.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an unlikely ally began to pull more and more peasants into the ranks of Pol Pol's army
Dialogue: 0,0:20:34.37,0:20:40.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with deep love for his motherland affectionately kisses a handful of dirt he has gathered
Dialogue: 0,0:20:40.43,0:20:43.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cambodia's former King Sihanouk had been ousted
Dialogue: 0,0:20:43.38,0:20:45.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a military coup
Dialogue: 0,0:20:45.84,0:20:48.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he now sought to make common cause with the Khmer Rouge
Dialogue: 0,0:20:49.68,0:20:52.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was allowed to direct his own record of a visit to its jungle camps
Dialogue: 0,0:20:53.71,0:20:56.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the first public glimpse into its secretive world
Dialogue: 0,0:20:58.66,0:21:01.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pol Pot was careful to remain in the shadows
Dialogue: 0,0:21:02.12,0:21:07.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but his revolution had for now drawn a new authority from the King's visit
Dialogue: 0,0:21:10.87,0:21:16.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by 1974 60,000 men and women armed with Chinese made weapons were
Dialogue: 0,0:21:16.46,0:21:18.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fighting in the ranks of the Khmer Rouge
Dialogue: 0,0:21:19.74,0:21:22.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pol Pot's forces controlled two-thirds of the country
Dialogue: 0,0:21:23.26,0:21:24.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and even with American help
Dialogue: 0,0:21:25.10,0:21:28.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the new military government was losing its grip on the rest
Dialogue: 0,0:21:32.46,0:21:34.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in December 1974
Dialogue: 0,0:21:34.61,0:21:39.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pol gave orders for the final assault on the capital Phnom Penh
Dialogue: 0,0:21:44.20,0:21:49.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,refugees from the country filled the streets of a city that now numbered more than 2 million people
Dialogue: 0,0:21:54.52,0:21:56.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the Khmer Rouge began to tighten its grip
Dialogue: 0,0:21:57.22,0:21:59.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those who could fled the city
Dialogue: 0,0:22:02.25,0:22:05.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the American Ambassador and his staff left on April the 12th
Dialogue: 0,0:22:05.93,0:22:07.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,5 days later
Dialogue: 0,0:22:07.61,0:22:09.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all effective resistance ceased
Dialogue: 0,0:22:09.93,0:22:11.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the war was over
Dialogue: 0,0:22:13.62,0:22:15.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then suddenly it was so quiet
Dialogue: 0,0:22:16.18,0:22:17.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I stopped hearing the sound of the rockets
Dialogue: 0,0:22:18.14,0:22:20.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I stopped hearing the sound of the guns
Dialogue: 0,0:22:20.43,0:22:21.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I dont see the airplanes
Dialogue: 0,0:22:21.55,0:22:24.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i I dont see anything like that anymore
Dialogue: 0,0:22:27.29,0:22:30.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after 20 years of thinking planning fighting
Dialogue: 0,0:22:31.16,0:22:34.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pol Pot was free to build his new society
Dialogue: 0,0:22:34.89,0:22:37.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the new revolutionary calendar
Dialogue: 0,0:22:37.71,0:22:40.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,April the 17th 1975
Dialogue: 0,0:22:40.53,0:22:43.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was Day One Year Zero
Dialogue: 0,0:22:48.06,0:22:51.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we welcomed the Khmer Rouge by raising any white material we could find
Dialogue: 0,0:22:51.77,0:22:53.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we thought it was the end of the war
Dialogue: 0,0:22:53.80,0:22:56.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then we were told to move on
Dialogue: 0,0:22:56.36,0:23:01.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Government soldiers who hadn't changed into civilian clothes were just shot dead on the spot
Dialogue: 0,0:23:01.60,0:23:03.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was scared because I was in military uniform
Dialogue: 0,0:23:03.99,0:23:06.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I rushed home to get changed
Dialogue: 0,0:23:10.66,0:23:14.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pol Pot had ordered his forces to take the first great step forward
Dialogue: 0,0:23:14.77,0:23:16.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as soon as they occupied the city
Dialogue: 0,0:23:18.67,0:23:19.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2 million people
Dialogue: 0,0:23:19.93,0:23:22.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the entire population of the capital
Dialogue: 0,0:23:22.27,0:23:24.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were to be driven from their homes
Dialogue: 0,0:23:31.37,0:23:33.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they announced that everybody
Dialogue: 0,0:23:33.14,0:23:35.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the whole family must leave Phnom Penh and
Dialogue: 0,0:23:35.33,0:23:37.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and travel at least 3 kilometers from the city
Dialogue: 0,0:23:38.77,0:23:41.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they said the Americans were going to bomb the Phnom Penh and we would die
Dialogue: 0,0:23:47.05,0:23:48.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,i saw people dying in the road
Dialogue: 0,0:23:48.60,0:23:49.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pregnant women
Dialogue: 0,0:23:49.85,0:23:52.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,women who had just given birth to babies
Dialogue: 0,0:23:52.34,0:23:54.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sick people forced out of hospitals
Dialogue: 0,0:23:55.42,0:23:58.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some were helped by family members who could push them in carts
Dialogue: 0,0:23:58.92,0:24:00.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some who didn't have fmily
Dialogue: 0,0:24:00.62,0:24:03.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to help and just lay outside the hospital waiting to die
Dialogue: 0,0:24:04.33,0:24:06.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the was no American air raid
Dialogue: 0,0:24:06.69,0:24:08.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just the determination of the party leaders
Dialogue: 0,0:24:08.87,0:24:10.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to begin building their new society
Dialogue: 0,0:24:11.32,0:24:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no matter the cost
Dialogue: 0,0:24:15.57,0:24:17.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we wish to defend the fruits
Dialogue: 0,0:24:17.24,0:24:18.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the revolution
Dialogue: 0,0:24:19.01,0:24:20.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there must be no let-up
Dialogue: 0,0:24:20.66,0:24:23.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we must strike while the iron is hot to build Socialism
Dialogue: 0,0:24:24.22,0:24:27.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the party must exercise its leading role
Dialogue: 0,0:24:27.82,0:24:30.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the use of cutting-edge violence
Dialogue: 0,0:24:31.64,0:24:33.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is the most important factor
Dialogue: 0,0:24:33.74,0:24:35.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the decisive factor
Dialogue: 0,0:24:35.71,0:24:38.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the power that drives things forward
Dialogue: 0,0:24:45.07,0:24:49.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Khmer Rouge had established check points on the roads beyond Phnom Penh
Dialogue: 0,0:24:50.11,0:24:51.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those who passed through them were
Dialogue: 0,0:24:51.76,0:24:52.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,assigned a district where they could
Dialogue: 0,0:24:53.25,0:24:57.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,begin their re-education as workers in the fields
Dialogue: 0,0:25:01.82,0:25:03.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,camera's watches books
Dialogue: 0,0:25:04.35,0:25:06.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,anything that set the people of the city apart
Dialogue: 0,0:25:06.76,0:25:09.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the peasant were confiscated by Angkar
Dialogue: 0,0:25:18.94,0:25:22.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,soldiers and officials in the former government were separated from the rest
Dialogue: 0,0:25:24.02,0:25:26.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their families would never see them again
Dialogue: 0,0:25:33.07,0:25:35.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the streets the people had left behind
Dialogue: 0,0:25:35.47,0:25:37.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pol's peasant soldiers were busy destroying
Dialogue: 0,0:25:37.78,0:25:42.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the symbols of a modern civilised world they didn't understand
Dialogue: 0,0:25:46.76,0:25:49.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the old and the sick they found hiding in their homes
Dialogue: 0,0:25:50.02,0:25:51.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were executed
Dialogue: 0,0:25:53.26,0:25:56.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lots of people died during the evacuation of the city
Dialogue: 0,0:25:56.78,0:25:58.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not many people died
Dialogue: 0,0:25:58.59,0:25:59.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,later on yes
Dialogue: 0,0:25:59.78,0:26:02.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but during the evacuation they were still physically strong
Dialogue: 0,0:26:06.36,0:26:11.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in reality 20,000 people died on the roads out of Phnom Penh
Dialogue: 0,0:26:13.85,0:26:16.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were casualities in a new war
Dialogue: 0,0:26:16.96,0:26:19.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one that was to be fought by the party
Dialogue: 0,0:26:19.90,0:26:21.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the home front
Dialogue: 0,0:26:28.41,0:26:30.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how should we organise our action
Dialogue: 0,0:26:30.21,0:26:32.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is the same as in war
Dialogue: 0,0:26:33.45,0:26:35.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we must prepare offences for the whole country
Dialogue: 0,0:26:38.25,0:26:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we learn this in the war
Dialogue: 0,0:26:40.19,0:26:43.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if the command is strong we will win
Dialogue: 0,0:26:43.19,0:26:45.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the same goes for building uo the economy
Dialogue: 0,0:26:48.42,0:26:50.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the new Democratic Kampuchea had taken
Dialogue: 0,0:26:50.97,0:26:53.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a deliberate step back in the dark ages
Dialogue: 0,0:26:54.93,0:26:57.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Angkar wanted everyone to be a peasant
Dialogue: 0,0:27:02.05,0:27:04.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the people of the countries, town and cities were
Dialogue: 0,0:27:04.92,0:27:07.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to purify themselves through manual labour
Dialogue: 0,0:27:08.12,0:27:12.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everyone had to work in the fields and dress in the same way
Dialogue: 0,0:27:12.40,0:27:15.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but not everyone in the new socialist were equal
Dialogue: 0,0:27:15.86,0:27:18.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the city people were the new people
Dialogue: 0,0:27:23.43,0:27:27.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they treated us very differetnly from the country people
Dialogue: 0,0:27:28.36,0:27:32.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they swore at us and used filthy language
Dialogue: 0,0:27:32.31,0:27:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they said we wer capitalists
Dialogue: 0,0:27:34.62,0:27:37.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I must admit that I didn't know how to farm
Dialogue: 0,0:27:37.80,0:27:40.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I didn't even know what a rice seedling was
Dialogue: 0,0:27:45.96,0:27:50.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,first in the queue for food in the communal kitchens were the poorest peasants
Dialogue: 0,0:27:51.55,0:27:53.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were entitled to the full ration
Dialogue: 0,0:27:55.96,0:27:58.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,last to be served were the new people from the towns
Dialogue: 0,0:27:59.57,0:28:01.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there was never enough
Dialogue: 0,0:28:02.27,0:28:03.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,food was control
Dialogue: 0,0:28:04.89,0:28:07.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hunger a weapon for re-education
Dialogue: 0,0:28:10.86,0:28:13.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,foraging for more food was forbidden
Dialogue: 0,0:28:13.82,0:28:15.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those caught picking fruit were guilty
Dialogue: 0,0:28:15.89,0:28:18.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not just of stealing from Angkar but
Dialogue: 0,0:28:18.50,0:28:20.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of an even more serious crime
Dialogue: 0,0:28:21.03,0:28:22.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,individualism
Dialogue: 0,0:28:26.92,0:28:30.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you didn't follow the rules then you would be criticised and forced
Dialogue: 0,0:28:30.71,0:28:31.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to bend to them
Dialogue: 0,0:28:32.63,0:28:35.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the policy was to make the people be of one mind
Dialogue: 0,0:28:37.64,0:28:39.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether you wanted to or not
Dialogue: 0,0:28:39.32,0:28:41.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you would bend to the rules and behave like the rest
Dialogue: 0,0:28:45.35,0:28:48.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this lesson was drummed into the new peasants by
Dialogue: 0,0:28:48.25,0:28:49.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Khmer Rouge cadre
Dialogue: 0,0:28:50.98,0:28:52.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Pol's new society
Dialogue: 0,0:28:52.81,0:28:54.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everything was to be shared
Dialogue: 0,0:28:54.98,0:28:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even children
Dialogue: 0,0:28:57.17,0:28:59.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were to live from the age of seven with
Dialogue: 0,0:28:59.32,0:29:01.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their Khmer Rouge instructors
Dialogue: 0,0:29:16.32,0:29:20.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,love was selfish too now Angkar would chose who men and women
Dialogue: 0,0:29:20.100,0:29:24.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,should marry in the interests of everybody
Dialogue: 0,0:29:27.53,0:29:30.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they made a statement saying that these two are falling in love
Dialogue: 0,0:29:30.81,0:29:32.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without permission from the Angkar
Dialogue: 0,0:29:32.58,0:29:33.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what should we do
Dialogue: 0,0:29:34.13,0:29:36.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean I was there also as cheerer
Dialogue: 0,0:29:36.75,0:29:39.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kill them kill them and kill them
Dialogue: 0,0:29:39.81,0:29:45.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then the cadres took the hose and hit the man
Dialogue: 0,0:29:45.85,0:29:52.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can see it today how strong a human can resist to die
Dialogue: 0,0:29:52.70,0:29:54.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you hit you go back like this
Dialogue: 0,0:29:54.89,0:29:57.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you hit you push back like this
Dialogue: 0,0:29:57.29,0:30:00.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the blood is coming from the eye the ear and the nose
Dialogue: 0,0:30:00.25,0:30:02.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then they unblindfolded the lady
Dialogue: 0,0:30:02.59,0:30:04.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she looks like a piece of white paper
Dialogue: 0,0:30:06.11,0:30:10.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I didn't know how frightened she was and how scared she was
Dialogue: 0,0:30:10.23,0:30:12.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but then they hit her
Dialogue: 0,0:30:12.50,0:30:15.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I don't think both were dead yet
Dialogue: 0,0:30:15.14,0:30:16.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they pushed them into the grave
Dialogue: 0,0:30:16.75,0:30:19.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they dug in front of the Pol
Dialogue: 0,0:30:19.99,0:30:21.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then they buried them
Dialogue: 0,0:30:21.35,0:30:23.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think that they were buried alive
Dialogue: 0,0:30:24.47,0:30:26.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was only the will of Angkar
Dialogue: 0,0:30:27.34,0:30:28.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those that defied it
Dialogue: 0,0:30:28.78,0:30:31.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were bad elements and bad elements
Dialogue: 0,0:30:31.22,0:30:32.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were taken into the forest
Dialogue: 0,0:30:33.63,0:30:37.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,district officials wielded almost absolute power
Dialogue: 0,0:30:37.63,0:30:40.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no matter their education or age
Dialogue: 0,0:30:43.11,0:30:45.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she was our village chief from the Western Zone
Dialogue: 0,0:30:45.60,0:30:46.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,her name was Comrade Ode
Dialogue: 0,0:30:46.99,0:30:50.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she was 12 years old and she ran the whole village
Dialogue: 0,0:30:51.22,0:30:52.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if she said you go you go
Dialogue: 0,0:30:52.96,0:30:54.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you stay you stay
Dialogue: 0,0:30:54.29,0:30:55.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you die you die
Dialogue: 0,0:31:05.56,0:31:08.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pol told his comrades that the purity of their revolution
Dialogue: 0,0:31:09.11,0:31:12.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was an example to the rest of the Communist world
Dialogue: 0,0:31:13.14,0:31:15.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in April1976 his new government held
Dialogue: 0,0:31:16.22,0:31:17.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a parade in Phnom Penh
Dialogue: 0,0:31:17.69,0:31:20.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to celebrate the progress it had made in just a year
Dialogue: 0,0:31:23.92,0:31:26.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the enthusiasm was genuine
Dialogue: 0,0:31:26.55,0:31:29.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the party believed the country was marching into a new
Dialogue: 0,0:31:29.53,0:31:32.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,enlightened age of perfect equality
Dialogue: 0,0:31:32.85,0:31:36.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,re-educating the people on the land was the first priority for the revolution
Dialogue: 0,0:31:37.57,0:31:41.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more important than industry trade and even money
Dialogue: 0,0:31:43.41,0:31:45.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,money is an instrument that
Dialogue: 0,0:31:45.70,0:31:47.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,creates privilege and power
Dialogue: 0,0:31:47.63,0:31:49.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those that posses it can use it
Dialogue: 0,0:31:49.66,0:31:51.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to bribe our party cadres
Dialogue: 0,0:31:51.81,0:31:54.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,undermine our system
Dialogue: 0,0:31:54.17,0:31:55.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,money constitutes a danger
Dialogue: 0,0:31:56.01,0:31:58.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,both now and in the future
Dialogue: 0,0:31:58.60,0:32:00.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we must not be in a hurry to use it
Dialogue: 0,0:32:05.56,0:32:07.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pol promised clinics and schools
Dialogue: 0,0:32:07.48,0:32:10.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but those responsible for building them were
Dialogue: 0,0:32:10.48,0:32:13.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,busy in their ministry's vegetable gardens
Dialogue: 0,0:32:15.15,0:32:17.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the new government officials were even encouraged to grow
Dialogue: 0,0:32:17.98,0:32:19.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rice in the city's empty streets
Dialogue: 0,0:32:19.77,0:32:21.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and on its basketball courts
Dialogue: 0,0:32:22.15,0:32:24.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Angkar condemned sport as Bourgeois
Dialogue: 0,0:32:26.44,0:32:28.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ministry officials were so busy
Dialogue: 0,0:32:28.11,0:32:30.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,proving they were peasants too
Dialogue: 0,0:32:30.41,0:32:35.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was almost no effective control over what was happening in the countryside
Dialogue: 0,0:32:54.33,0:32:57.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,radio Phnom Penh was the voice of the new society
Dialogue: 0,0:32:59.10,0:33:01.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the people were forced to listen to monologues about
Dialogue: 0,0:33:01.53,0:33:03.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,outstanding successes
Dialogue: 0,0:33:03.84,0:33:06.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some scripted by Pol himself
Dialogue: 0,0:33:20.98,0:33:23.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the reality was very different
Dialogue: 0,0:33:28.77,0:33:31.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the party leadership had demanded 3 tons of
Dialogue: 0,0:33:31.56,0:33:34.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unhusked rice per hectare
Dialogue: 0,0:33:34.24,0:33:36.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and yet its new army of peasants was barely
Dialogue: 0,0:33:36.58,0:33:38.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,managing to deliver one ton
Dialogue: 0,0:33:40.02,0:33:42.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a camera crew from communist Yugoslavia
Dialogue: 0,0:33:42.26,0:33:45.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was able to glimpse and record something of the truth
Dialogue: 0,0:33:49.57,0:33:51.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was an extraordinary sight
Dialogue: 0,0:33:51.92,0:33:55.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thousands of dedicated workers building canals and dams for
Dialogue: 0,0:33:55.13,0:33:59.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Angkar but close by rice fields were almost empty
Dialogue: 0,0:34:02.63,0:34:04.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two thirds of the people in my commune worked
Dialogue: 0,0:34:04.58,0:34:07.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,elsewhere building dams digging canals
Dialogue: 0,0:34:07.78,0:34:09.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so on
Dialogue: 0,0:34:10.48,0:34:14.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just a third actually worked in the rice firelds growing rice
Dialogue: 0,0:34:14.42,0:34:17.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the rice they produced just couldn't feed everyone
Dialogue: 0,0:34:22.32,0:34:25.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a third of the population was sick hungry or both
Dialogue: 0,0:34:26.54,0:34:28.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thousand were dying of malnutrition
Dialogue: 0,0:34:29.38,0:34:32.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Pol's vision of the New Democratic Kampuchea
Dialogue: 0,0:34:32.09,0:34:33.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was dying with them
Dialogue: 0,0:34:38.20,0:34:39.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but Pol's confidence in his new society
Dialogue: 0,0:34:39.87,0:34:42.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was unshakeable if the revolution was fading
Dialogue: 0,0:34:42.81,0:34:45.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there could only be one explanation
Dialogue: 0,0:34:47.96,0:34:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is a sickness inside the party
Dialogue: 0,0:34:51.01,0:34:54.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now as our socialist revolution advances
Dialogue: 0,0:34:54.10,0:34:57.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can locate these ugly microbes
Dialogue: 0,0:34:58.04,0:35:01.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they will rot society rot the party and rot the army
Dialogue: 0,0:35:02.43,0:35:06.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they have been infiltrating the party and they remain
Dialogue: 0,0:35:10.70,0:35:13.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was a fear of hidden enemies born
Dialogue: 0,0:35:13.16,0:35:15.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the years of secret struggle in the jungle
Dialogue: 0,0:35:16.43,0:35:18.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the leaders of the party were turning on the
Dialogue: 0,0:35:18.78,0:35:23.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,party itself blaming it for the hunger in the countryside
Dialogue: 0,0:35:26.72,0:35:29.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some of the people who were in charge of districts
Dialogue: 0,0:35:29.65,0:35:31.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and provinces were our enemies
Dialogue: 0,0:35:31.92,0:35:34.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were in our party
Dialogue: 0,0:35:34.65,0:35:36.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they destroyed our rice yield
Dialogue: 0,0:35:36.92,0:35:39.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our policy was to feed the people well
Dialogue: 0,0:35:39.08,0:35:40.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and equally
Dialogue: 0,0:35:43.74,0:35:47.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but these traitors didn't follow our policy and we
Dialogue: 0,0:35:47.46,0:35:50.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,couldn't control them because there weren't enough senior
Dialogue: 0,0:35:50.61,0:35:52.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,party cadres
Dialogue: 0,0:35:53.44,0:35:55.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the leadership had lost control
Dialogue: 0,0:35:55.09,0:35:56.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of most of the country
Dialogue: 0,0:35:56.89,0:35:58.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a lot of it
Dialogue: 0,0:35:58.68,0:36:01.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that why the purges started of the party
Dialogue: 0,0:36:01.92,0:36:03.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yes that is right
Dialogue: 0,0:36:07.10,0:36:09.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the enemies of Angkar were taken to a former school
Dialogue: 0,0:36:09.96,0:36:11.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the outskirts of Phnom Penh
Dialogue: 0,0:36:11.75,0:36:13.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Toul Sleng
Dialogue: 0,0:36:13.29,0:36:16.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was known simply as S21
Dialogue: 0,0:36:16.24,0:36:18.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the state secret interrogation centre
Dialogue: 0,0:36:19.09,0:36:24.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it would hold those who had once been the revolution's most loyal supporters
Dialogue: 0,0:36:24.61,0:36:27.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more than 14,000 people would pass through this
Dialogue: 0,0:36:27.09,0:36:29.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prison in a little over three years
Dialogue: 0,0:36:33.65,0:36:36.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the truck came along this road and stopped
Dialogue: 0,0:36:36.53,0:36:38.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the main gate
Dialogue: 0,0:36:38.95,0:36:41.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we then took the prisoners from here and walked them
Dialogue: 0,0:36:41.34,0:36:44.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the registry where the registrar team made
Dialogue: 0,0:36:44.32,0:36:46.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a list of all their names and
Dialogue: 0,0:36:46.76,0:36:49.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then they were sent to Nyem Ens photographic group
Dialogue: 0,0:36:49.30,0:36:51.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in this building here
Dialogue: 0,0:36:58.92,0:37:03.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everyone who arrived at S21 was photographed for the prison records
Dialogue: 0,0:37:10.54,0:37:12.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some of the prisoners were very frightened they were
Dialogue: 0,0:37:12.83,0:37:15.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trembling some were all right but they did not know
Dialogue: 0,0:37:15.79,0:37:17.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what was going on
Dialogue: 0,0:37:17.05,0:37:18.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they hadn't been interrogated yet
Dialogue: 0,0:37:24.25,0:37:25.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I never thought that I would be arrested
Dialogue: 0,0:37:25.64,0:37:27.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but when I arrived here
Dialogue: 0,0:37:27.45,0:37:29.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I knew I was going to die
Dialogue: 0,0:37:29.52,0:37:31.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was why I begged them to take
Dialogue: 0,0:37:31.75,0:37:33.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,care of my family
Dialogue: 0,0:37:33.46,0:37:36.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was kicked to the groung just for asking the question
Dialogue: 0,0:37:38.40,0:37:40.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Chum Mey was just one of just 7 prisoners to
Dialogue: 0,0:37:40.96,0:37:44.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,survive out of the 14,000 that passed through the S21
Dialogue: 0,0:37:45.71,0:37:48.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he'd been working as a mechanic for the Khmer Rouge
Dialogue: 0,0:37:50.91,0:37:53.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to this day I want to know what I've done wrong
Dialogue: 0,0:37:53.77,0:37:55.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they should be so cruel to me
Dialogue: 0,0:37:56.82,0:37:58.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to kill my family all my children
Dialogue: 0,0:38:00.37,0:38:01.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what mistakes did I make
Dialogue: 0,0:38:01.72,0:38:02.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why?
Dialogue: 0,0:38:03.97,0:38:06.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every day I ask myself this question
Dialogue: 0,0:38:17.50,0:38:18.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the photograph was taken of the prisoners
Dialogue: 0,0:38:18.61,0:38:20.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in their first hours of captivity
Dialogue: 0,0:38:20.89,0:38:23.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are a lasting record of the men women
Dialogue: 0,0:38:23.86,0:38:26.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and children who passed through the S21
Dialogue: 0,0:38:35.20,0:38:36.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,normally when they arrested the husband
Dialogue: 0,0:38:36.92,0:38:38.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his wife was also taken
Dialogue: 0,0:38:38.93,0:38:41.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was very rare for a husband
Dialogue: 0,0:38:41.07,0:38:43.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be arrested without his wife
Dialogue: 0,0:38:46.45,0:38:50.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if the prisoner had a baby then we photographed them together
Dialogue: 0,0:38:54.72,0:38:56.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,once the prisoners had been photographed
Dialogue: 0,0:38:56.69,0:38:58.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were taken to the cells
Dialogue: 0,0:39:05.16,0:39:08.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is cell number 1 number 2 and 3
Dialogue: 0,0:39:09.99,0:39:12.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this cell number 3 where they put me
Dialogue: 0,0:39:13.86,0:39:16.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those the interrogators wished to question closely where
Dialogue: 0,0:39:16.61,0:39:18.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,held on their own
Dialogue: 0,0:39:19.70,0:39:21.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this was the chain for my feet
Dialogue: 0,0:39:23.86,0:39:25.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they took off my handcuffs and
Dialogue: 0,0:39:27.05,0:39:28.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then the blindfold and then they let
Dialogue: 0,0:39:28.96,0:39:30.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,me go to sleep
Dialogue: 0,0:39:32.03,0:39:34.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to move your body over
Dialogue: 0,0:39:34.04,0:39:36.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you need to ask for permission
Dialogue: 0,0:39:36.20,0:39:38.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the guards walked up and down the corridor
Dialogue: 0,0:39:38.26,0:39:39.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you didn't ask permisson
Dialogue: 0,0:39:39.57,0:39:41.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they would give you a hundred lashes
Dialogue: 0,0:39:50.78,0:39:54.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was like this every day for 12 days and 12 nights
Dialogue: 0,0:39:58.52,0:40:00.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was really terrible
Dialogue: 0,0:40:12.95,0:40:15.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,children too young to be interrogated were
Dialogue: 0,0:40:15.25,0:40:17.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,separated from their mothers
Dialogue: 0,0:40:25.94,0:40:28.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they told the mothers that they would take
Dialogue: 0,0:40:28.06,0:40:30.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their children to the children's centre
Dialogue: 0,0:40:30.66,0:40:32.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the mothers had to let it happen
Dialogue: 0,0:40:37.10,0:40:38.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my boss Mr Peng
Dialogue: 0,0:40:38.67,0:40:41.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he took charge of the children
Dialogue: 0,0:40:41.09,0:40:42.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his men took them not far from here
Dialogue: 0,0:40:42.68,0:40:44.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then killed them
Dialogue: 0,0:40:53.13,0:40:55.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they took me for interrogation here
Dialogue: 0,0:40:55.46,0:40:56.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they asked me
Dialogue: 0,0:40:56.72,0:40:59.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when did you join the CIA
Dialogue: 0,0:40:59.12,0:41:00.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when did you join the KGB
Dialogue: 0,0:41:01.75,0:41:03.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they said I had to tell Angker everything
Dialogue: 0,0:41:03.78,0:41:05.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or I would die
Dialogue: 0,0:41:05.70,0:41:08.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I honestly didn't know what the CIA or KGB were
Dialogue: 0,0:41:13.26,0:41:15.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they pulled out my toe nails
Dialogue: 0,0:41:15.89,0:41:17.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the toe nails on both feet
Dialogue: 0,0:41:17.06,0:41:19.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by using pliers to tear them out
Dialogue: 0,0:41:20.90,0:41:23.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the third day they gave me electric
Dialogue: 0,0:41:23.59,0:41:24.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shocks because I kept denying
Dialogue: 0,0:41:24.93,0:41:26.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their accusations
Dialogue: 0,0:41:28.85,0:41:30.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after 12 days of torture
Dialogue: 0,0:41:30.75,0:41:31.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Chum Mey confessed
Dialogue: 0,0:41:33.30,0:41:34.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everybody confessed in the end
Dialogue: 0,0:41:38.86,0:41:41.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Chum Mey's confession was typed and
Dialogue: 0,0:41:41.14,0:41:42.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,carefully filed with his photograph
Dialogue: 0,0:41:42.84,0:41:44.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the prison's archive
Dialogue: 0,0:41:45.56,0:41:47.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was and unstoppable tide
Dialogue: 0,0:41:48.07,0:41:51.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every man and woman tortured was forced to give the
Dialogue: 0,0:41:51.20,0:41:53.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,machine new names
Dialogue: 0,0:41:56.14,0:41:58.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for some of its files the prison office
Dialogue: 0,0:41:58.59,0:42:00.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ordered a second photograph
Dialogue: 0,0:42:01.24,0:42:03.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when the prisoner had died under torture
Dialogue: 0,0:42:19.18,0:42:21.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sometimes the photographer was called to the interrogation
Dialogue: 0,0:42:21.76,0:42:24.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,room while the prisoner was dying like
Dialogue: 0,0:42:24.89,0:42:25.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this man
Dialogue: 0,0:42:29.38,0:42:31.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those who survived interrogation
Dialogue: 0,0:42:31.44,0:42:33.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,made one last journey
Dialogue: 0,0:42:34.68,0:42:36.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were driven to a place called Choeung Ek on the
Dialogue: 0,0:42:36.100,0:42:38.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,outskirts of the city
Dialogue: 0,0:42:43.54,0:42:45.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was the one who drove them to Choeung Ek
Dialogue: 0,0:42:49.96,0:42:51.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the prisoners were killed in the open
Dialogue: 0,0:42:51.14,0:42:53.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,space on the slope there
Dialogue: 0,0:42:55.66,0:42:57.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there were grave pits that were already dug
Dialogue: 0,0:42:57.97,0:43:00.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the prisoners were taken to them one by one
Dialogue: 0,0:43:04.28,0:43:06.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were told to kneel down and they were hit with
Dialogue: 0,0:43:06.28,0:43:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a long metal pole
Dialogue: 0,0:43:09.34,0:43:10.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an axle of an ox cart
Dialogue: 0,0:43:12.62,0:43:14.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after they had been struck
Dialogue: 0,0:43:14.37,0:43:16.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their throats were cut to make sure they were dead
Dialogue: 0,0:43:19.13,0:43:20.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no one wanted to kill
Dialogue: 0,0:43:21.95,0:43:23.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we had to carry out our orders
Dialogue: 0,0:43:27.88,0:43:30.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is the killing field of Choeung Ek
Dialogue: 0,0:43:30.47,0:43:32.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there were other killing fields
Dialogue: 0,0:43:33.51,0:43:36.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,200 prisons 20,000 grave sites
Dialogue: 0,0:43:37.74,0:43:39.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the remains of men women and children
Dialogue: 0,0:43:39.72,0:43:41.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are scattered across the Choeung Ek
Dialogue: 0,0:43:41.72,0:43:42.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,field to this day
Dialogue: 0,0:43:43.96,0:43:45.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many of those who died here
Dialogue: 0,0:43:45.12,0:43:47.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were among Pol Pot's most loyal supporters
Dialogue: 0,0:43:50.14,0:43:52.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many former comrades of yours
Dialogue: 0,0:43:52.90,0:43:54.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,senior members of the party
Dialogue: 0,0:43:54.19,0:43:56.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were purged and lost their lives
Dialogue: 0,0:44:00.04,0:44:03.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not many some didn't admit their mistakes
Dialogue: 0,0:44:03.59,0:44:05.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but others knew and they admitted them in our meetings
Dialogue: 0,0:44:05.98,0:44:07.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they were accepted
Dialogue: 0,0:44:07.62,0:44:08.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we didn't kill many
Dialogue: 0,0:44:09.36,0:44:11.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we killed only the bad people
Dialogue: 0,0:44:11.68,0:44:13.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not the good
Dialogue: 0,0:44:15.62,0:44:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for Pol the purges were a great victory
Dialogue: 0,0:44:18.00,0:44:21.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but his ruthless pursuit of the imaginary enemy within
Dialogue: 0,0:44:21.49,0:44:25.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would lead to the final collapse of the revolution he was trying to defend
Dialogue: 0,0:44:28.24,0:44:29.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was a new enemy beyond the
Dialogue: 0,0:44:29.46,0:44:30.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,country's border
Dialogue: 0,0:44:30.78,0:44:31.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Vietnam
Dialogue: 0,0:44:32.32,0:44:34.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there had been a bitter border dispute
Dialogue: 0,0:44:34.25,0:44:36.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the old comrades were close
Dialogue: 0,0:44:36.48,0:44:38.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to outright war
Dialogue: 0,0:44:38.27,0:44:40.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in the Spring of 1978
Dialogue: 0,0:44:40.17,0:44:43.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pol ordered his last and bloodiest purge
Dialogue: 0,0:44:50.57,0:44:53.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this time the blow fell in the country's Eastern Zone
Dialogue: 0,0:44:54.16,0:44:57.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the vital security area on the border with Vietnam
Dialogue: 0,0:44:58.31,0:45:00.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the soldiers and party officials who were expected to repel
Dialogue: 0,0:45:00.80,0:45:02.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an invasion were driven by the
Dialogue: 0,0:45:02.92,0:45:06.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lorry load to local interrogation centres
Dialogue: 0,0:45:06.31,0:45:07.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a hundred thousand men
Dialogue: 0,0:45:07.91,0:45:11.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their wives and their children were executed
Dialogue: 0,0:45:17.80,0:45:19.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I saw these people in a school building
Dialogue: 0,0:45:19.71,0:45:22.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were being blind folded and shot
Dialogue: 0,0:45:25.87,0:45:27.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I asked the executioners
Dialogue: 0,0:45:27.35,0:45:29.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if babies in their mother's arms were traitors too
Dialogue: 0,0:45:29.88,0:45:33.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I ordered them to release the prisoners
Dialogue: 0,0:45:33.93,0:45:35.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the total number was about a thousand people
Dialogue: 0,0:45:35.68,0:45:38.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but only 600 were released
Dialogue: 0,0:45:38.13,0:45:40.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,400 people had been killed before I got there
Dialogue: 0,0:45:41.65,0:45:44.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I told them we need people to defend the country
Dialogue: 0,0:45:44.29,0:45:46.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if thousands were being slaughtered
Dialogue: 0,0:45:46.08,0:45:47.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who would be there to do it
Dialogue: 0,0:45:52.90,0:45:54.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Vietnamese invasion began
Dialogue: 0,0:45:54.65,0:45:56.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the country's Eastern Zone
Dialogue: 0,0:45:56.26,0:45:57.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on Christmas day
Dialogue: 0,0:45:57.33,0:45:58.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 1978
Dialogue: 0,0:45:59.74,0:46:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,13 days later Phnom Penh fell
Dialogue: 0,0:46:03.28,0:46:05.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the collapse was total
Dialogue: 0,0:46:06.100,0:46:10.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pol Pot slipped back into the forest
Dialogue: 0,0:46:11.70,0:46:13.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the long nightmare
Dialogue: 0,0:46:13.44,0:46:16.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,3 years 8 months and 20 days was over
Dialogue: 0,0:46:17.61,0:46:19.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and at last the world knew of the Killing Fields
Dialogue: 0,0:46:19.80,0:46:22.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where nearly 2 million people had died
Dialogue: 0,0:46:25.62,0:46:28.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this was the end of Pol Pot's revolutionary dream
Dialogue: 0,0:46:33.89,0:46:35.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was not the end of Pol
Dialogue: 0,0:46:36.18,0:46:39.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Khmer Rouge would fight on in the jungle for
Dialogue: 0,0:46:39.22,0:46:41.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,almost 20 years
Dialogue: 0,0:46:48.76,0:46:50.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pol Pot died in 1998
Dialogue: 0,0:46:51.94,0:46:53.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,6 months before he died
Dialogue: 0,0:46:53.68,0:46:55.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he spoke to an American journalist
Dialogue: 0,0:46:55.46,0:46:56.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the revolution he had lead
Dialogue: 0,0:46:58.28,0:47:00.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was asked whether he felt any responsibility
Dialogue: 0,0:47:00.89,0:47:03.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the suffering the deaths of
Dialogue: 0,0:47:03.24,0:47:04.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so many of his own people
Dialogue: 0,0:47:08.12,0:47:09.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to tell you
Dialogue: 0,0:47:09.48,0:47:12.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my conscience is clear
Dialogue: 0,0:47:12.27,0:47:14.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everything I have done is first
Dialogue: 0,0:47:14.25,0:47:17.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and foremost for the nation and the people
Dialogue: 0,0:47:18.42,0:47:20.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the people of Cambodia
Dialogue: 0,0:47:24.98,0:47:26.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how could his conscience be clear
Dialogue: 0,0:47:26.89,0:47:28.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when so many people had lost their lives
Dialogue: 0,0:47:29.26,0:47:30.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1.7 million people
Dialogue: 0,0:47:31.86,0:47:33.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not sure about the numbers
Dialogue: 0,0:47:33.55,0:47:35.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but for him his conscience was clear
Dialogue: 0,0:47:35.79,0:47:37.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was our enemies in the party
Dialogue: 0,0:47:37.19,0:47:39.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without his knowledge
Dialogue: 0,0:47:40.39,0:47:44.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pol Pot's deputy lives a quiet comfortable life in Cambodia
Dialogue: 0,0:47:48.60,0:47:51.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every year on the anniversary of the fall of Phnom Penh
Dialogue: 0,0:47:52.23,0:47:54.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people gather at the Choeung Ek Killing Fields
Dialogue: 0,0:47:55.04,0:47:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to demand justice for the dead
Dialogue: 0,0:47:57.58,0:47:59.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no one had ever been put on trial
Dialogue: 0,0:48:02.09,0:48:04.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the United Nations would like to call those
Dialogue: 0,0:48:04.21,0:48:05.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who were responsible before
Dialogue: 0,0:48:05.89,0:48:07.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an international tribunal
Dialogue: 0,0:48:08.60,0:48:10.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but until now they have been sheltered
Dialogue: 0,0:48:10.94,0:48:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by a Cambodian government
Dialogue: 0,0:48:13.00,0:48:14.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is dominated by former members
Dialogue: 0,0:48:14.100,0:48:16.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the Khmer Rouge
Dialogue: 0,0:48:17.100,0:48:19.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the chief architect of the revolution is beyond
Dialogue: 0,0:48:19.98,0:48:23.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,international justice but his legacy
Dialogue: 0,0:48:23.56,0:48:25.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,haunts his country
Dialogue: 0,0:48:25.87,0:48:27.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to this day