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...that's from Singapore, (really?)

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Yes.

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Wow, very cool.

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Okay. Well,

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thank you for the warm welcome.

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I don't want to talk too much

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because I, you know,

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I don't want to bore you with too much.

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But I want to know a little bit more

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about what you are doing.

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It's very (easy) for me because

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as William mentioned, you know

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one day out of the (blue) he showed up

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in the South of Switzerland

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with the whole family

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to come and attend the workshop

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to learn about Arduino.

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And it was very (interesting) for us

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to see somebody coming from so far away

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to learn this thing.

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And also, I'm very – I'm very impressed

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with the work that - that you have done

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to kind of, you know, rally the makers

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here in Singapore

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and have a space like this.

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And I think

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it's also very interesting

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that you are a teacher

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by training, no?

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And we will be discussing today about

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how it is now important

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to start teaching

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this kind of stuff in school

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because when I started working

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on Arduino,

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I was in a Master's degree for

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– I was teaching in a Master's degree

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for designers,

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specifically Interaction Designers

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so that the prototyping aspect

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is very important.

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And really

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getting a functioning prototype

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was a very important idea.

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And I guess

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when I was doing this,

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it wasn't such

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an obvious thing

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like – like in Italy

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where I come from

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it's very famous for design,

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but they tend

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to do like

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non-really functioning prototypes,

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you know, they

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there is no – there were no designers

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kind of messing with electronics.

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They didn't deal

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with this kind of stuff.

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While it was much more

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of a Northern European idea

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that designers should mess

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with electronics,

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and mechanics,

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and you know, everything.

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You know, they should be dealing -

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kind of interested

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in using these kind of tools.

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And then we

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kind of realized

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that a lot of the tools -

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there is an interesting thing

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that happens

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in the world of technology

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that there is

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a strange resistance

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to make tools

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that simplify the life

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of grown-ups.

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Now if you're trying

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to make a tool for children,

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everybody says,

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“Oh yeah, children.

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We need to make tools

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to teach children how to code.

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Everybody is trying to make robots

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to teach kids how to code.”

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And there’s like

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a thousand of these robots

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and they're all the same,

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because teaching kids is good.

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As soon as you say,

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“I want to make it easier for adults

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to understand about electronics.”

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No. No, because grown ups

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need to learn the right way,

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which normally means

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an incredibly old fashion way

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way of teaching

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that's very theoretical,

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that nobody gets interested in.

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And so it restricts

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the number of people

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that have access to these technologies.

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Well, one of the ideas

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that I was very - interested is -

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to how – how do you create tools

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that enable everyday people

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to try to work

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with electronics creatively.

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There's also obviously

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a bit of a political element to this

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because if there – in the world

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that we're living

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is becoming completely digital.

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You know, everything is digital now.

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You do music with and with computers

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you do cinema with computers,

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we do a lot of things with computers.

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And even like

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the most classic activities are –

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you know, yesterday I was crossing

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border from Malaysia into Singapore

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and we have to carry

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a piece of electronics

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into the country.

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And the people I was with,

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they've checked the customs

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on a mobile phone.

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They had a mobile app

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to clear customs,

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which for me is a “Wow.”

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But l said like

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totally 21st century, you know.

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But if you cross it into the boarder

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even if they pull out the piece of paper

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that was printed in 1912,

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and they have to pull out,

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they stamp it notes,

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you crossed the border

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like you crossed the border

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a hundred years before, you know.

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So it's kind of – I said, “Wow.

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This place is really, you know,

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in the next century.”

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I mean we are technically

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in the 21st century,

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but a lot of countries are still stucked

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in the 20th century.

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They haven't made the transition yet.

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And so what I'm saying is that

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if the world where we're living

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everything is digital,

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then who designs

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the technology that we use?

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Change is also the way that we live.

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And so, if the number of people

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who are participating in innovating,

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in inventing things

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is limited to a smaller

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set of the population,

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then it means that

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a smaller group of people

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decides how we live our digital life.

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And since our digital life

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and the real life is becoming,

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you know, very- one thing,

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then basically they decide

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how we live our lives.

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So clearly we need

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a lot more people that are involved

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in using technology creatively.

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We need to teach –

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we need to explain to people that

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if you used electronic

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as a creative tool,

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it's not that you're

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becoming an engineer,

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it's a different thing, you know.

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Being an engineer really requires

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a little bit more training and

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but inventing and doing creative work

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with electronics doesn't require you

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to do five years of

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or three years of, you know, university.

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You can learn something

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without that kind of

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you can build something

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with less knowledge

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with just enough

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what you do invent something

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to have ideas.

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Also because a lot of the things

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that I noticed is that

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if you take a farmer

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and the farmer explains his problems

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to an engineer,

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the engineer won't make something

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that kind of works, you know,

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because they'll be obviously smart,

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very intelligent already.

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But it will never be

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the same as in the

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as a farmer that comes up

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with an idea because they understand

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what it means to be a farmer

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and they understand how to use

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the technology to fix that.

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And this applies to doctors for example.

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So today I've met your

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the Minister of

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or the Foreign Affairs of Singapore,

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and I was so shocked

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because he's an Arduino user,

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he knew everything about Arduino.

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He was making a very difficult

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technical questions about this.

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I gave him as this WiFi board

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as a present and we were like

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we were debating like encryption keys

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and power consumption and like

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and I thought he was an engineer

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and then I realized he's an eye doctor.

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But then the neat idea is

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if an eye doctor

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understands technologies like

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Arduino so well,

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imagine what kind of innovation

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he can bring to the world

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of his profession of

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being an eye doctor.

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Then somebody else would

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never be able to do.

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So that's why I think that

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making tools that make life simple

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to people is something that

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is very important

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to really enable people to innovate.

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And also I think

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it's the work that we do as makers

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doesn't stop at the

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electronics or the software.

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There's a lot of other things

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that we do that are not

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about electronics and software

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that kind of enable people.

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Like for example,

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I used to go to the Maker Faire in the US.

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And although there were like 100,000 people

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at the Maker Faire in California,

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I was kind of like, you know,

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I was a privileged person

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because my company paid for me to go to California

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and there's a lot of people that would like to go

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and see the Maker Faire in California,

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but they don't have the money to go.

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So, and I thought I need bring this

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Maker Faire to Europe

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but not just a mini-Maker Faire,

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I need to bring the Maker Faire to Europe

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that's like big and –

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so I worked with a bunch of people

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that enabled me to bring

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the Maker Faire to Rome in Italy

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and we've decided to organize

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as a European Maker Faire.

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And so this year we have 100,000 people

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coming to see the Faire from all over Europe

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but also people from China and India

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came to see the Maker Faire in Rome.

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And then we have 600 makers from 31 countries.

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And even that does – doesn't have anything

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to do with electronics,

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I think it's also important

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to create these occasions for people to meet,

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to understand what they're doing, to exchange.

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So this Maker Faire, which now is like -

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was the third edition in Rome

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already enable the bunch of people

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to transform their ideas into companies.

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So there was some kids

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that showed up the first year

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with like a prototype of a 3D printer.

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And now they are one of the most

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established 3D printer companies in Europe.

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And so there was a lot of these things

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that we saw happened.

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So sometimes it's not about just the technology,

289
00:08:38,067 --> 00:08:40,197
but it's also to create

290
00:08:40,434 --> 00:08:43,309
events, places, situation, you know,

291
00:08:43,309 --> 00:08:44,409
William was mentioning that

292
00:08:44,409 --> 00:08:47,176
we created the first FabLab in Italy.

293
00:08:47,527 --> 00:08:48,600
Because you know, I was

294
00:08:48,600 --> 00:08:50,510
I went to the MIT a number of times

295
00:08:50,589 --> 00:08:52,589
so I saw the first FabLab.

296
00:08:52,589 --> 00:08:54,679
And then one day,

297
00:08:54,691 --> 00:08:58,829
we were looking at the some of the government

298
00:08:58,829 --> 00:09:00,016
to make it short story

299
00:09:00,016 --> 00:09:02,016
asked me to organize something

300
00:09:02,224 --> 00:09:05,092
for a specific event and that would be in Italy.

301
00:09:05,377 --> 00:09:05,974
And it was supposed

302
00:09:05,974 --> 00:09:07,746
to be something about the future of work.

303
00:09:08,121 --> 00:09:10,711
So the Italian way to do this would have be

304
00:09:10,710 --> 00:09:12,349
to take money from the government,

305
00:09:12,638 --> 00:09:14,349
put some panels on the wall

306
00:09:14,349 --> 00:09:15,388
and just put the money

307
00:09:15,386 --> 00:09:17,164
in my pocket and walk away.

308
00:09:17,164 --> 00:09:18,116
And then I said,

309
00:09:18,116 --> 00:09:19,460
“No, that's not going to be it.

310
00:09:19,460 --> 00:09:20,748
I'm not making an exhibition

311
00:09:20,748 --> 00:09:21,774
about the future work,

312
00:09:21,774 --> 00:09:24,548
which is a panels printed on the wall

313
00:09:24,548 --> 00:09:25,524
like kids and again,

314
00:09:25,524 --> 00:09:27,166
18, 20, you know.”

315
00:09:27,166 --> 00:09:28,885
So let's try – so we've said,

316
00:09:28,885 --> 00:09:31,244
“Let's first organize our work in FabLab.”

317
00:09:31,244 --> 00:09:33,036
And we realized that

318
00:09:33,036 --> 00:09:34,755
there were FabLabs here everywhere

319
00:09:34,755 --> 00:09:36,338
including Afghanistan.

320
00:09:36,543 --> 00:09:38,284
But there was no FabLab in Italy.

321
00:09:38,284 --> 00:09:41,509
So I used the money for this exhibition

322
00:09:41,509 --> 00:09:44,800
to create the first FabLab in Italy.

323
00:09:44,800 --> 00:09:45,884
So in a week, you know,

324
00:09:45,884 --> 00:09:48,007
creating the spaces, creating these events,

325
00:09:48,007 --> 00:09:51,569
creating this opportunities is as important

326
00:09:51,569 --> 00:09:53,569
as working on the technology.

327
00:09:53,569 --> 00:09:54,736
So, you know,

328
00:09:54,736 --> 00:09:56,736
as makers we kind of have this.

329
00:09:57,164 --> 00:09:58,868
We make stuff

330
00:09:58,868 --> 00:10:00,565
but we also kind of work with people

331
00:10:00,565 --> 00:10:02,729
and help them, you know,

332
00:10:02,736 --> 00:10:04,736
learn, you know,

333
00:10:04,736 --> 00:10:07,017
make us learn from each other a lot.

334
00:10:07,129 --> 00:10:09,129
So in a way,

335
00:10:09,129 --> 00:10:11,273
you make stuff but you also have a mission,

336
00:10:11,273 --> 00:10:15,603
to help other people and, you know, and it becomes

337
00:10:15,603 --> 00:10:17,458
as so I think it's, you know, what we do

338
00:10:17,458 --> 00:10:19,700
is can have impact, you know,

339
00:10:19,700 --> 00:10:22,485
I've met a lot of makers in these years

340
00:10:22,485 --> 00:10:25,302
I've been working on Arduino

341
00:10:25,302 --> 00:10:28,813
and I have met people who have built medical devices

342
00:10:28,813 --> 00:10:31,548
that solve, you know, farmers

343
00:10:31,548 --> 00:10:34,584
– to solve problems for farmers in South America.

344
00:10:34,584 --> 00:10:36,462
So there was a bunch of people that actually used this

345
00:10:36,462 --> 00:10:40,783
technology to effectively, positively impact people's life

346
00:10:40,783 --> 00:10:42,826
and I think this is possible.

347
00:10:42,826 --> 00:10:45,174
If you call yourself a maker,

348
00:10:45,174 --> 00:10:49,103
you kind of have to think that part of your

349
00:10:49,103 --> 00:10:52,727
“job description” is to help other people in a way,

350
00:10:52,727 --> 00:10:55,609
you know, with your knowledge or, you know,

351
00:10:55,593 --> 00:10:58,336
by making by simpler or, you know,

352
00:10:58,336 --> 00:11:01,188
organizing an event, organizing a space like this one

353
00:11:01,188 --> 00:11:03,007
and stuff like that.

354
00:11:03,007 --> 00:11:05,092
So this is kind of what, you know,

355
00:11:05,092 --> 00:11:10,161
I like - of what happened when we worked on a tool

356
00:11:10,161 --> 00:11:11,948
that was supposed to help the life of

357
00:11:11,948 --> 00:11:18,048
physically 25 people because in the schools

358
00:11:18,048 --> 00:11:22,371
where I teach the classes have 20 people – 25 people.

359
00:11:22,371 --> 00:11:25,317
So we built the school 25 people and now

360
00:11:25,317 --> 00:11:30,117
it has – funny enough, there's 25 million people,

361
00:11:30,117 --> 00:11:34,237
visit the Arduino website at least once in a year,

362
00:11:34,237 --> 00:11:38,079
which is kind of a multiply – they're multiplying

363
00:11:38,079 --> 00:11:39,701
the effects that we create, you know.

364
00:11:39,701 --> 00:11:42,656
There was imagined for – to help 25 people

365
00:11:42,656 --> 00:11:45,643
and it's like 25 million people are kind of find

366
00:11:45,643 --> 00:11:48,557
to figure out what are these or they're using these.

367
00:11:48,557 --> 00:11:51,524
So I'm obviously, I'm super surprised about

368
00:11:51,524 --> 00:11:56,486
what happened and it's kind of, I never thought

369
00:11:56,486 --> 00:12:00,360
it was going to be this big, but, you know, I'm glad.

370
00:12:00,360 --> 00:12:02,477
But I'm more also - to see those who are learning

371
00:12:02,477 --> 00:12:04,958
about what you are doing and, you know,

372
00:12:04,958 --> 00:12:07,431
how you will use this kind of tools of high,

373
00:12:07,431 --> 00:12:09,658
you know, what it needs for you to be a maker,

374
00:12:09,658 --> 00:12:11,208
what do you make?

375
00:12:11,208 --> 00:12:15,891
And so, are you all Arduino users here?

376
00:12:15,891 --> 00:12:19,392
Raise your hands so I can (looked).

377
00:12:19,392 --> 00:12:21,567
Okay, that's very good. That's very good.

378
00:12:21,567 --> 00:12:25,146
Do you know how – how many users

379
00:12:25,127 --> 00:12:28,448
how many at home fix the user?

380
00:12:28,448 --> 00:12:30,448
It's very difficult to estimate.

381
00:12:30,448 --> 00:12:32,448
Actually yes. So from – I think

382
00:12:32,448 --> 00:12:35,786
so what I meant is if you can – if you want to ask me

383
00:12:35,786 --> 00:12:39,291
question, that's better to listen to your questions

384
00:12:39,291 --> 00:12:41,257
than kind of talking to you is like a very – this

385
00:12:41,257 --> 00:12:43,257
going on, and on, and on, and on.

386
00:12:43,257 --> 00:12:45,557
So I'm more (interested) in what you have to say.

387
00:12:45,557 --> 00:12:48,550
Now and then, the number of users that are probably

388
00:12:48,550 --> 00:12:50,550
in community is very difficult to estimate

389
00:12:50,550 --> 00:12:52,550
because obviously, you know, Raspberry Pi

390
00:12:52,550 --> 00:12:54,550
has an easy job, therefore

391
00:12:54,550 --> 00:12:56,550
they don't – they're the only one making this so they

392
00:12:56,550 --> 00:12:58,550
know exactly how many there are.

393
00:12:58,550 --> 00:13:00,689
But Arduino is kind of open-source,

394
00:13:00,689 --> 00:13:03,485
so everybody is, you know,

395
00:13:03,485 --> 00:13:05,485
either making their own ‘duinos or

396
00:13:05,485 --> 00:13:08,835
buy the Arduinos for China or

397
00:13:08,835 --> 00:13:10,835
something like that.

398
00:13:13,708 --> 00:13:19,240
That's okay. But you know, it's open-source hardware,

399
00:13:19,240 --> 00:13:21,240
as long as you don't call it Arduino, you can

400
00:13:21,240 --> 00:13:23,240
do whatever you want.

401
00:13:23,240 --> 00:13:26,731
So the – what can I say is that.

402
00:13:26,731 --> 00:13:32,021
October 2015 or October 2016,

403
00:13:32,021 --> 00:13:35,121
25 million people made at least

404
00:13:35,121 --> 00:13:37,121
one visit to the Arduino website.

405
00:13:38,937 --> 00:13:41,188
There was – then obviously,

406
00:13:41,188 --> 00:13:43,188
this means there was somebody that showed up,

407
00:13:43,188 --> 00:13:45,800
looked at the homepage and said “What is this bullshit?”

408
00:13:45,800 --> 00:13:47,080
then scroll the browser.

409
00:13:47,080 --> 00:13:50,645
And then people will spend maybe an hour.

410
00:13:50,645 --> 00:13:52,645
The average visit duration on the

411
00:13:52,645 --> 00:13:54,645
Arduino website is six minutes,

412
00:13:54,645 --> 00:13:56,645
which for a website is a lot of time.

413
00:13:56,645 --> 00:13:58,645
Because it means that if somebody

414
00:13:58,645 --> 00:14:00,784
open the page and click this. So one second.

415
00:14:00,784 --> 00:14:02,784
And somebody spent the whole afternoon

416
00:14:02,784 --> 00:14:04,912
browsing through all the documentation,

417
00:14:04,912 --> 00:14:06,912
like “Oh my god. What is this, you know.”

418
00:14:06,912 --> 00:14:08,912
So there's a interesting,

419
00:14:08,912 --> 00:14:10,912
you know, it means there is –

420
00:14:10,912 --> 00:14:13,097
that the website is a tool that you use

421
00:14:13,097 --> 00:14:16,118
to learn, to communicate to the forum,

422
00:14:16,118 --> 00:14:22,179
has now many million messages posted on it.

423
00:14:22,179 --> 00:14:24,713
And it's available in several different languages.

424
00:14:24,713 --> 00:14:26,713
So most of the other thing that I

425
00:14:26,713 --> 00:14:30,271
visit from – I think in the last year

426
00:14:30,271 --> 00:14:33,812
that IDE was downloaded 11 million times.

427
00:14:34,192 --> 00:14:36,982
But that's not a good indication

428
00:14:36,982 --> 00:14:38,982
because the statistic say that

429
00:14:38,982 --> 00:14:42,077
there is very few people connecting from China,

430
00:14:42,077 --> 00:14:45,317
which is strange because when I go to China,

431
00:14:45,317 --> 00:14:46,992
everybody is doing Arduino.

432
00:14:46,992 --> 00:14:51,349
Then I realized is that

433
00:14:51,349 --> 00:14:54,414
(inaudible) some Chinese Arduino communities

434
00:14:54,414 --> 00:14:56,801
has sort of created their own Arduino website.

435
00:14:57,856 --> 00:14:59,960
And so I guess a number of

436
00:14:59,960 --> 00:15:01,960
people download the software

437
00:15:01,960 --> 00:15:03,960
from a Chinese server that doesn't

438
00:15:03,960 --> 00:15:05,253
go through our server.

439
00:15:05,253 --> 00:15:09,715
So, we don't know exactly how many people

440
00:15:09,715 --> 00:15:11,715
– it is interesting to see that in the first

441
00:15:11,715 --> 00:15:14,669
week that we release a new version of the IDE.

442
00:15:14,669 --> 00:15:18,992
We had maybe 2,000,000 to 3,000,000 downloads.

443
00:15:18,992 --> 00:15:22,771
maybe about - sorry 1,700,000 in

444
00:15:22,771 --> 00:15:24,771
the first like three to four days.

445
00:15:24,771 --> 00:15:27,149
And this to me indicates what's kind of

446
00:15:27,149 --> 00:15:29,149
a hardcore part of the community

447
00:15:29,149 --> 00:15:31,149
is what we want for some million

448
00:15:31,149 --> 00:15:33,149
people who are kind of using it,

449
00:15:33,149 --> 00:15:35,149
you know, it's their main tool.

450
00:15:36,627 --> 00:15:37,744
Then you'll never know,

451
00:15:37,744 --> 00:15:39,744
because there are number of people who are still

452
00:15:39,773 --> 00:15:43,958
stuck at Arduino 1.0.6

453
00:15:43,958 --> 00:15:45,958
And they don't want to update,

454
00:15:47,330 --> 00:15:50,518
which is kind of weird, you know, because it's

455
00:15:50,518 --> 00:15:53,157
I don't know. It’s like you, you are – I don't know.

456
00:15:53,157 --> 00:15:55,157
It's like those people who use

457
00:15:55,157 --> 00:15:58,069
Word1.0 to write documents.

458
00:15:58,069 --> 00:15:58,796
And they're like,

459
00:15:58,796 --> 00:16:01,417
“Oh, I'm never upgrading. This is fantastic.”

460
00:16:01,417 --> 00:16:03,908
Yeah like the romantic one. The romantic one.

461
00:16:03,908 --> 00:16:07,154
Yeah, also they're crazy also.

462
00:16:07,154 --> 00:16:09,450
Do you know the guy that writes Game of Thrones?

463
00:16:09,450 --> 00:16:11,450
He writes everything on an

464
00:16:11,450 --> 00:16:14,522
old 1980s computer

465
00:16:14,522 --> 00:16:17,599
that's running probably maybe MS-DOS.

466
00:16:17,599 --> 00:16:21,012
And everything is written on five inch floppy disks.

467
00:16:23,006 --> 00:16:25,190
Like, you know, if one of those floppy disks

468
00:16:25,190 --> 00:16:27,045
goes bad, you'll lose the whole

469
00:16:27,045 --> 00:16:29,463
season of Game of Thrones, no?

470
00:16:29,463 --> 00:16:31,049
Which I don't watch. So I don't care.

471
00:16:31,049 --> 00:16:33,049
Perhaps maybe – maybe, you know,

472
00:16:33,049 --> 00:16:35,049
maybe you're into that stuff

473
00:16:35,049 --> 00:16:37,049
and you know and so your

474
00:16:37,049 --> 00:16:39,565
future seasons of Game of Thrones are in

475
00:16:41,565 --> 00:16:43,565
the hands of a five-inch floppy disk.

476
00:16:43,565 --> 00:16:44,762
So some people are stuck in this

477
00:16:44,762 --> 00:16:48,085
1.0.6 like World and like, okay.

478
00:16:49,474 --> 00:16:51,109
So it's kind of a (they that simple).

479
00:16:51,109 --> 00:16:51,606
Yes?

480
00:16:51,606 --> 00:16:53,606
Just – I'm not a user yet.

481
00:16:53,606 --> 00:16:56,012
I'm still waiting for – shipping the product.

482
00:16:56,012 --> 00:16:56,746
Okay.

483
00:16:57,449 --> 00:17:00,271
But I just noticed when I was

484
00:17:00,271 --> 00:17:02,433
looking around for things like that or,

485
00:17:02,433 --> 00:17:03,474
you know, that there are many other

486
00:17:03,474 --> 00:17:05,766
– company is now trying to sort of

487
00:17:05,766 --> 00:17:07,066
mimic what you’ve done.

488
00:17:07,066 --> 00:17:07,461
Yes.

489
00:17:07,461 --> 00:17:09,461
So I noticed Intel is coming out

490
00:17:09,461 --> 00:17:10,540
with 4.12. 
Mm hmm.

491
00:17:10,540 --> 00:17:12,193
What was your claim on that?

492
00:17:12,193 --> 00:17:15,689
How do you see that impact or impact it more?

493
00:17:15,689 --> 00:17:17,723
Well, the example of

494
00:17:17,723 --> 00:17:19,463
– the Intel is a good example because

495
00:17:19,463 --> 00:17:21,463
Intel is one of the very few

496
00:17:21,463 --> 00:17:23,612
– a very, very few companies

497
00:17:23,612 --> 00:17:24,279
who's said,

498
00:17:24,279 --> 00:17:26,073
“We want to do something that's Arduino

499
00:17:26,073 --> 00:17:28,073
compatible, so we're not going to be

500
00:17:28,073 --> 00:17:29,382
“bad” people.

501
00:17:29,382 --> 00:17:31,382
We're going to talk to you and work with you.”

502
00:17:31,382 --> 00:17:31,674
Okay.

503
00:17:31,674 --> 00:17:33,121
So they have that – Intel is

504
00:17:33,121 --> 00:17:35,121
probably the company that's been

505
00:17:35,121 --> 00:17:37,759
the most supportive and cooperative

506
00:17:37,759 --> 00:17:39,759
and works with us officially

507
00:17:39,753 --> 00:17:44,372
along with Samsung and Microsoft.

508
00:17:44,577 --> 00:17:47,565
So, they're really going to work with us officially.

509
00:17:47,764 --> 00:17:49,192
And then obviously it's open-source.

510
00:17:49,192 --> 00:17:51,192
So anybody can just, you know,

511
00:17:52,339 --> 00:17:53,334
use what we do.

512
00:17:53,334 --> 00:17:55,334
And obviously it's sort of

513
00:17:55,334 --> 00:17:57,334
becomes some kind of a standard.

514
00:17:57,334 --> 00:17:59,334
So now even Boards that's got

515
00:17:59,334 --> 00:18:01,334
nothing to do with Arduino,

516
00:18:01,334 --> 00:18:03,725
they adopt the Arduino connectors.

517
00:18:03,725 --> 00:18:05,725
So there was a company that made a

518
00:18:05,725 --> 00:18:07,725
board that was called a “pcDuino”.

519
00:18:08,318 --> 00:18:09,290
It wasn't running

520
00:18:09,290 --> 00:18:11,290
- it wasn't running Arduino,

521
00:18:11,290 --> 00:18:13,290
but it had these – with the Arduino connectors

522
00:18:13,290 --> 00:18:15,027
because some people thought that they could

523
00:18:15,027 --> 00:18:17,027
program (it in) Arduino and then I'm like,

524
00:18:17,027 --> 00:18:19,027
“This is a Linux machine.”

525
00:18:19,026 --> 00:18:21,998
Yeah. So it's –

526
00:18:24,900 --> 00:18:26,900
although the Arduino name is

527
00:18:26,900 --> 00:18:28,900
trademarked, the problem is that if you want

528
00:18:28,900 --> 00:18:30,900
to really protect the trademark, you have to

529
00:18:30,900 --> 00:18:33,696
spend a huge amount of money.

530
00:18:33,952 --> 00:18:35,017
So,

531
00:18:35,357 --> 00:18:36,540
we don't

532
00:18:36,830 --> 00:18:38,830
want to spend our time protecting

533
00:18:38,830 --> 00:18:39,765
trademarks.

534
00:18:41,403 --> 00:18:41,862
Yes?

535
00:18:41,862 --> 00:18:42,855
And then you.

536
00:18:42,855 --> 00:18:44,855
Where did the name Arduino come from?

537
00:18:45,726 --> 00:18:47,349
Okay. That's very interesting.

538
00:18:47,349 --> 00:18:48,143
So the –

539
00:18:48,143 --> 00:18:50,143
so basically, we came up

540
00:18:50,143 --> 00:18:52,143
with Arduino a while, while –

541
00:18:52,143 --> 00:18:53,300
I was working in this town

542
00:18:53,300 --> 00:18:55,300
in the Northwest of Italy called the Ivrea.

543
00:18:55,735 --> 00:18:56,601
And

544
00:18:56,983 --> 00:18:58,601
in the year of 1000,

545
00:18:58,805 --> 00:19:00,422
there was a guy named Arduino

546
00:19:00,422 --> 00:19:02,422
that was born Ivrea

547
00:19:02,422 --> 00:19:04,903
and he became the first king of Italy.

548
00:19:04,903 --> 00:19:06,903
Obviously, he wasn't really the king of Italy

549
00:19:06,903 --> 00:19:08,903
because back then nobody even knew

550
00:19:08,903 --> 00:19:10,903
what was going on at the other side of Italy

551
00:19:10,903 --> 00:19:12,903
because there was no internet so.

552
00:19:13,645 --> 00:19:17,397
So, he’s kind of self-proclaimed king of Italy.

553
00:19:17,397 --> 00:19:19,308
And then so the people of Imperia call

554
00:19:19,308 --> 00:19:20,384
Arduino everything.

555
00:19:20,384 --> 00:19:21,907
There is the Arduino Street,

556
00:19:21,936 --> 00:19:22,894
the Arduino Square,

557
00:19:22,894 --> 00:19:24,894
the Arduino Crane Company,

558
00:19:24,952 --> 00:19:27,658
the Arduino Sports Car,

559
00:19:27,658 --> 00:19:29,658
and there is also the Arduino bar.

560
00:19:29,658 --> 00:19:32,211
So that's where I used to go get drinks.

561
00:19:34,969 --> 00:19:36,969
I was like, when we have to find the name

562
00:19:36,969 --> 00:19:37,932
for this thing I say,

563
00:19:37,932 --> 00:19:41,311
“Yeah well, let's call it Arduino like the bar.”

564
00:19:41,311 --> 00:19:43,311
And then, you know, later on we'll see how

565
00:19:45,865 --> 00:19:47,865
– and later on, you know,

566
00:19:47,865 --> 00:19:50,596
that was March 17, 2005

567
00:19:51,481 --> 00:19:52,596
and then still

568
00:19:53,743 --> 00:19:54,154
still

569
00:19:54,154 --> 00:19:54,835
it's been called that.

570
00:19:57,737 --> 00:19:58,690
Oh, yes, sorry.

571
00:19:59,978 --> 00:20:02,295
I have two kids aged five and seven.

572
00:20:02,317 --> 00:20:02,906
Okay.

573
00:20:02,884 --> 00:20:05,880
And we watch on Ted Talk two or three years ago.

574
00:20:05,936 --> 00:20:08,703
-Mm hmm.
-And somebody ask doing the Ted Talk like

575
00:20:08,773 --> 00:20:10,773
Can you give us some few fun projects?

576
00:20:10,899 --> 00:20:13,104
And you mentioned a few back then

577
00:20:13,104 --> 00:20:16,345
I remember that was somebody

578
00:20:16,358 --> 00:20:19,733
had programmed the Arduino to make (inaudible).

579
00:20:19,811 --> 00:20:20,350
Yeah.

580
00:20:20,307 --> 00:20:22,470
And the kids love it.

581
00:20:22,385 --> 00:20:23,839
And like since then

582
00:20:23,841 --> 00:20:26,400
I don't know what else has been happening.

583
00:20:26,461 --> 00:20:29,073
Can you think of anything that might be fun

584
00:20:29,112 --> 00:20:32,402
-for the kids to look at that I can...
-Wow.

585
00:20:32,409 --> 00:20:33,228
…Google afterwards?

586
00:20:33,508 --> 00:20:37,739
-Like anything about pets and animals, and all these things.
-Yeah.

587
00:20:37,647 --> 00:20:39,517
One of the exempt was the (sound) detector

588
00:20:39,519 --> 00:20:42,088
if somebody who made the chair that tweets...

589
00:20:42,050 --> 00:20:44,049
-When you fart.
-Yeah.

590
00:20:44,049 --> 00:20:47,289
That was an interesting project.

591
00:20:47,289 --> 00:20:49,676
My son is five and my daughter is seven.

592
00:20:49,676 --> 00:20:52,505
And they were the – make Arduino.

593
00:20:52,467 --> 00:20:55,633
And like they (bare way of a great work things) to this lab.

594
00:20:55,633 --> 00:20:56,640
Okay.

595
00:20:56,640 --> 00:20:58,640
We were all playing around with little things.

596
00:20:58,640 --> 00:21:00,294
-Mm hmm.
-But I'm not

597
00:21:00,294 --> 00:21:01,951
I'm not a creative person.

598
00:21:01,951 --> 00:21:03,913
If you can suggest a few fun projects

599
00:21:03,913 --> 00:21:07,065
-And it would be (inaudible).
-You know, I just figure what could be a good idea.

600
00:21:07,065 --> 00:21:08,804
Well actually

601
00:21:08,803 --> 00:21:10,862
I mean, because it have to be strictly Arduino.

602
00:21:10,862 --> 00:21:13,693
But for example, if you look at “Little Bits”.

603
00:21:13,693 --> 00:21:15,809
They have raised this kit called “Little Bits.”

604
00:21:15,809 --> 00:21:17,343
But they have electronic components

605
00:21:17,343 --> 00:21:19,398
that you can snap together magnetically

606
00:21:19,510 --> 00:21:21,455
They're designed for kids

607
00:21:21,454 --> 00:21:24,135
and you can build some fun projects with it

608
00:21:24,135 --> 00:21:26,645
and you don't need to do any programming or anything.

609
00:21:26,589 --> 00:21:29,439
So, that's where – a good way to get kids started.

610
00:21:29,439 --> 00:21:31,784
-(Little Bit junior). So like...

611
00:21:31,741 --> 00:21:33,289
-they (have) a way of concept
-Yeah.

612
00:21:33,233 --> 00:21:36,535
-but I need to like create some concrete examples
-Okay.

613
00:21:36,486 --> 00:21:38,592
-of what can be done.
-Yeah.

614
00:21:38,592 --> 00:21:41,791
-And I'm running out of examples for...
-Yeah. (I’m trying to understand).

615
00:21:41,791 --> 00:21:45,655
Because normally somebody who's like seven is just

616
00:21:45,655 --> 00:21:48,756
on the edge of being able to use Arduino.

617
00:21:48,756 --> 00:21:50,526
Because, you know, using Arduino

618
00:21:50,526 --> 00:21:53,822
requires you to understand written text.

619
00:21:53,878 --> 00:21:55,535
And so normally

620
00:21:55,535 --> 00:21:59,440
young kids don't – they're not necessarily

621
00:21:59,440 --> 00:22:01,989
they don't understand written text

622
00:22:01,987 --> 00:22:04,751
until they are probably, you know, seven years old

623
00:22:04,751 --> 00:22:06,751
six or seven years old.

624
00:22:06,751 --> 00:22:09,803
And so, I'm going to

625
00:22:09,803 --> 00:22:13,372
at the moment I could have a very good idea.

626
00:22:13,372 --> 00:22:15,372
One of the things that we

627
00:22:15,372 --> 00:22:20,477
we've done now is that we made this board

628
00:22:20,592 --> 00:22:22,707
and with Intel that is called the Arduino 101.

629
00:22:22,595 --> 00:22:24,948
And kind of looks like that basic Arduino

630
00:22:24,948 --> 00:22:28,098
but the processor is much more intelligent.

631
00:22:28,154 --> 00:22:30,494
So a couple things it has is that

632
00:22:30,438 --> 00:22:32,438
it has a motion sensor.

633
00:22:32,438 --> 00:22:34,042
So, if you move around the board

634
00:22:34,042 --> 00:22:37,464
it detects movement and it also has bluetooth low energy

635
00:22:37,464 --> 00:22:39,405
So there is this guy the in the US

636
00:22:39,405 --> 00:22:43,112
who wrote a software that turns all the movements you do

637
00:22:43,112 --> 00:22:45,227
in the port into midi notes.

638
00:22:45,227 --> 00:22:46,771
So if you have a computer

639
00:22:46,771 --> 00:22:48,771
you can connect the Arduino to the computer

640
00:22:48,771 --> 00:22:50,569
as a midi controller.

641
00:22:50,569 --> 00:22:53,256
And so as you shake it in different ways

642
00:22:53,256 --> 00:22:55,256
it make sounds.

643
00:22:55,217 --> 00:22:59,550
So, we did a workshop for those ones

644
00:22:59,550 --> 00:23:02,273
with that one and it was very funny because

645
00:23:02,235 --> 00:23:06,390
by making modification to an existing code

646
00:23:06,389 --> 00:23:08,185
that you could find online

647
00:23:08,263 --> 00:23:11,647
then kids could just, you know, make different sounds.

648
00:23:11,645 --> 00:23:13,218
And also on the computer

649
00:23:13,218 --> 00:23:15,218
if you have a – do you have a MAC or...

650
00:23:15,218 --> 00:23:16,707
If you have a MAC

651
00:23:16,707 --> 00:23:19,109
you just need (Datatrend) which is free on the MAC.

652
00:23:19,109 --> 00:23:21,513
-This is all good.
-And essentially, you can associate that

653
00:23:21,522 --> 00:23:23,788
to a specific musical instrument.

654
00:23:23,788 --> 00:23:25,305
And then you basically play

655
00:23:25,305 --> 00:23:27,344
by shaking, moving and, you know...

656
00:23:27,344 --> 00:23:29,205
-It would be good for Christmas actually.
-It's...

657
00:23:29,205 --> 00:23:31,478
-That's a great idea.
-kind of like cute application

658
00:23:31,478 --> 00:23:34,788
that doesn't require you to actually deal any circuit.

659
00:23:34,788 --> 00:23:37,465
And so, that one was a –

660
00:23:37,465 --> 00:23:40,426
I use that in a workshop with the notes

661
00:23:40,426 --> 00:23:43,462
And, you know, and they loved it

662
00:23:43,462 --> 00:23:45,145
because it's just simple concept.

663
00:23:45,187 --> 00:23:47,462
You have an existing software

664
00:23:47,462 --> 00:23:49,268
you just make a few modifications

665
00:23:49,268 --> 00:23:51,349
and you get different variations of these

666
00:23:51,349 --> 00:23:54,107
and I think that's kind of funny.

667
00:23:54,107 --> 00:23:57,039
I think everything that kind of makes sounds and music

668
00:23:57,039 --> 00:23:58,687
tends to work.

669
00:23:58,687 --> 00:23:59,585
Somebody years ago

670
00:23:59,585 --> 00:24:02,805
build like an electronic drum set using Arduino

671
00:24:02,805 --> 00:24:05,431
Again, they use like old CDs

672
00:24:05,431 --> 00:24:09,440
and they glued this very simple sensor

673
00:24:09,441 --> 00:24:11,712
(these piezo) sensors to that CD.

674
00:24:11,712 --> 00:24:13,041
Then the Arduino

675
00:24:13,158 --> 00:24:17,192
that's when you hit that particular old CD

676
00:24:17,192 --> 00:24:19,269
and send a signal to the computer

677
00:24:19,348 --> 00:24:23,165
which turns it into notes and plays the music.

678
00:24:23,165 --> 00:24:26,303
And demonstration video was like, you know

679
00:24:26,303 --> 00:24:28,303
looks like a one year old kid

680
00:24:28,264 --> 00:24:30,496
with a drumstick going [drum sound]

681
00:24:30,615 --> 00:24:32,500
and he totally love it.

682
00:24:32,500 --> 00:24:34,784
It was – but the construction is simple

683
00:24:34,786 --> 00:24:38,423
because you recycle old CDs, old mouse pads

684
00:24:38,384 --> 00:24:40,424
or something and you build it

685
00:24:40,502 --> 00:24:41,855
and becomes a drum set.

686
00:24:41,875 --> 00:24:42,882
So, this kind of stuff

687
00:24:42,882 --> 00:24:47,604
you can find online as projects to build, you know.

688
00:24:47,604 --> 00:24:49,604
Another thing that I would recommend

689
00:24:49,604 --> 00:24:52,037
is that there is a company in London

690
00:24:52,076 --> 00:24:56,116
that sells those online called “Technology Will Save Us”.

691
00:24:56,116 --> 00:24:57,029
And it started by

692
00:24:57,029 --> 00:24:59,595
these friends of mine were very, very nice

693
00:24:59,595 --> 00:25:01,248
very intelligent people

694
00:25:01,326 --> 00:25:04,919
and they make a few kits for kids.

695
00:25:04,919 --> 00:25:06,277
One is like

696
00:25:06,276 --> 00:25:09,273
it's like a game console made with Arduino

697
00:25:09,234 --> 00:25:12,535
but it displays an eight by eight (pixel thin) with

698
00:25:12,574 --> 00:25:15,465
which is a very super low resolution console

699
00:25:15,503 --> 00:25:17,542
and you play few video games.

700
00:25:17,542 --> 00:25:19,097
Another one is a kit

701
00:25:19,058 --> 00:25:21,135
that helps you take care of a plant

702
00:25:21,292 --> 00:25:24,067
so you can connect sensors into the plant.

703
00:25:24,028 --> 00:25:26,580
And the third kit is a theremin.

704
00:25:26,580 --> 00:25:27,834
So it's a musical instrument.

705
00:25:27,834 --> 00:25:30,147
You move the hands near the

706
00:25:30,149 --> 00:25:33,147
the Arduino it only makes different kind of sounds.

707
00:25:33,147 --> 00:25:34,904
But it's a nice –

708
00:25:34,904 --> 00:25:36,904
probably because you buy the kit.

709
00:25:36,904 --> 00:25:38,669
The instructions are very simple

710
00:25:38,669 --> 00:25:41,475
and in one day you can assemble it with your kids

711
00:25:41,475 --> 00:25:42,894
and they play with it.

712
00:25:42,933 --> 00:25:45,481
So it's kind of a, you know, it teaches kids

713
00:25:45,442 --> 00:25:48,616
about the fact that you can actually build your own toys

714
00:25:48,616 --> 00:25:51,388
which a lot of kids

715
00:25:51,388 --> 00:25:55,000
are kind of lost this idea to build your own.

716
00:25:55,000 --> 00:25:56,262
You have fun with this stuff

717
00:25:56,262 --> 00:25:58,262
that you make yourself, you know.

718
00:26:01,855 --> 00:26:03,194
Oh, yes?

719
00:26:03,198 --> 00:26:05,660
So we're actually doing a sort of

720
00:26:05,738 --> 00:26:07,657
visual interface for Arduino.

721
00:26:07,579 --> 00:26:09,092
-Okay.
-And all we have is that

722
00:26:09,092 --> 00:26:10,693
you know, a different laptops

723
00:26:10,693 --> 00:26:14,065
you know, a the different – (libraries you need to use).

724
00:26:14,065 --> 00:26:16,549
So as you can help bringing all those up in the (server)

725
00:26:16,588 --> 00:26:18,651
and sort of compile over the Cloud

726
00:26:18,729 --> 00:26:19,531
you know, through that.

727
00:26:19,564 --> 00:26:21,844
We want to know whether there's any licensing issue

728
00:26:21,844 --> 00:26:24,579
that I should be aware of and then putting it all online

729
00:26:24,579 --> 00:26:26,463
and putting all the libraries

730
00:26:26,463 --> 00:26:31,278
-and all the different (inaudible).
-So as long as you don't call it “Arduino”.

731
00:26:31,278 --> 00:26:34,209
I mean if you call it arduino.sg

732
00:26:34,209 --> 00:26:35,429
clearly that's a problem.

733
00:26:35,429 --> 00:26:37,429
But, you know, actually so

734
00:26:37,429 --> 00:26:39,469
a few months ago

735
00:26:39,508 --> 00:26:42,561
we launched an online version of our IDE.

736
00:26:42,561 --> 00:26:44,561
-Yes.
-It’s called “Create”.

737
00:26:44,522 --> 00:26:46,522
And as of point

738
00:26:46,522 --> 00:26:48,084
we have in the

739
00:26:48,240 --> 00:26:50,942
in the list of things we want to do.

740
00:26:50,942 --> 00:26:54,660
We have also a scratch-like interface.

741
00:26:54,660 --> 00:26:58,929
But – so we also produced

742
00:26:58,929 --> 00:27:00,929
the software called “Arduino-Builder”.

743
00:27:00,929 --> 00:27:04,289
You should look it up – look it up – you look it up

744
00:27:04,289 --> 00:27:06,289
it's “Arduino-Builder”.

745
00:27:06,289 --> 00:27:07,571
So basically, we took out

746
00:27:07,571 --> 00:27:11,068
all of the compilation part of the regular IDE

747
00:27:11,068 --> 00:27:13,068
and we put it into a common line tool.

748
00:27:13,068 --> 00:27:14,635
So if you use that one

749
00:27:14,635 --> 00:27:15,564
to compile the code

750
00:27:15,603 --> 00:27:17,840
it is exactly the same code

751
00:27:17,840 --> 00:27:20,158
that comes out of the Arduino IDE.

752
00:27:20,197 --> 00:27:23,757
So – and you can put that in the Cloud

753
00:27:23,823 --> 00:27:26,814
and the license is very

754
00:27:26,814 --> 00:27:30,381
I mean if you make improvement or modification

755
00:27:30,381 --> 00:27:32,381
you should share it back but you can

756
00:27:32,381 --> 00:27:34,381
then put it on a server and use it.

757
00:27:34,381 --> 00:27:37,787
That one gives you the ability to be (compile).

758
00:27:37,865 --> 00:27:41,398
So you get the same exact code as the Arduino IDE.

759
00:27:41,398 --> 00:27:44,028
And also we add these features that make it easier

760
00:27:44,104 --> 00:27:47,550
for Arduino to find where your libraries are

761
00:27:47,512 --> 00:27:49,923
so that some parts of the compilation

762
00:27:49,923 --> 00:27:53,369
are better automated now.

763
00:27:53,369 --> 00:27:55,369
So including other libraries

764
00:27:55,408 --> 00:27:57,721
you know, other codes need some libraries

765
00:27:57,682 --> 00:27:59,453
and obviously so I'm not sure

766
00:27:59,453 --> 00:28:02,553
if including those libraries will expose any other...

767
00:28:02,553 --> 00:28:03,920
No, if you

768
00:28:03,920 --> 00:28:08,018
I think normally if you put the libraries on the server

769
00:28:08,057 --> 00:28:09,662
in whatever format

770
00:28:09,623 --> 00:28:11,663
as long as when people download it

771
00:28:11,624 --> 00:28:15,445
they understand that this library is from Adafruit

772
00:28:15,445 --> 00:28:18,117
they made it and that you're not claiming

773
00:28:18,117 --> 00:28:20,117
to own anything

774
00:28:20,117 --> 00:28:22,117
but yeah, the library is GPL

775
00:28:22,117 --> 00:28:24,698
so you need to basically provide people

776
00:28:24,698 --> 00:28:28,267
with a link to say where you downloaded it from.

777
00:28:28,267 --> 00:28:31,023
So that they know that this is an Adafruit product.

778
00:28:31,023 --> 00:28:33,228
Adafruit is happy if you use their code.

779
00:28:33,228 --> 00:28:34,986
They don’t complain.

780
00:28:34,986 --> 00:28:36,986
They only get upset where

781
00:28:36,986 --> 00:28:38,484
there has been a number of situation where, you know

782
00:28:38,484 --> 00:28:40,329
Adafruit are really good because they make

783
00:28:40,329 --> 00:28:42,096
hundreds of libraries

784
00:28:42,096 --> 00:28:44,787
And then they called them “Adafruit_something”.

785
00:28:44,787 --> 00:28:46,107
So that people understand

786
00:28:46,107 --> 00:28:47,511
that they have to thank Adafruit

787
00:28:47,511 --> 00:28:48,420
for their work.

788
00:28:48,461 --> 00:28:50,148
And there's a number of people who download it.

789
00:28:50,148 --> 00:28:52,807
They removed that “Adafruit_”,

790
00:28:52,853 --> 00:28:54,945
they maybe modified couple of lines

791
00:28:54,945 --> 00:28:57,365
and then they put it out as their own library.

792
00:28:57,365 --> 00:28:59,229
So they kind of take away

793
00:28:59,229 --> 00:29:01,366
the credit from Adafruit which is, no

794
00:29:01,455 --> 00:29:02,643
not nice.

795
00:29:02,643 --> 00:29:07,183
-But if you don't do that, then you’re okay.
-Very nice.

796
00:29:09,442 --> 00:29:14,637
Very nice.So basically, most of the audience were all

797
00:29:14,637 --> 00:29:16,637
they knew all about Arduino.

798
00:29:16,637 --> 00:29:21,285
So who – do you use also Arduino in your profession?

799
00:29:21,285 --> 00:29:23,587
-Is anybody were using it as a profession?
-Yeah.

800
00:29:23,624 --> 00:29:26,267
Can I – can you show me the hands?

801
00:29:26,947 --> 00:29:28,947
Oh wow, that's nice.

802
00:29:28,947 --> 00:29:30,947
So, what do you build with Arduino?

803
00:29:30,947 --> 00:29:32,645
Not me, my staff.

804
00:29:32,645 --> 00:29:33,524
-All we did was
-Okay.

805
00:29:33,524 --> 00:29:36,455
we connected the dissolved oxygen sensor

806
00:29:36,455 --> 00:29:37,635
-with Arduino
-Okay.

807
00:29:37,635 --> 00:29:41,877
and tied it up to a actuator to turn on an aerator

808
00:29:41,877 --> 00:29:42,703
Okay.

809
00:29:42,703 --> 00:29:45,936
so we put them on fish ponds and prevents fish kills

810
00:29:45,936 --> 00:29:47,936
-from lack of oxygen.
-Wow.

811
00:29:47,936 --> 00:29:49,936
Very cool. Nice.

812
00:29:49,936 --> 00:29:51,782
Any other application that you build

813
00:29:51,782 --> 00:29:53,782
that somebody wants to talk about?

814
00:29:54,122 --> 00:29:57,566
-Yes.
-I got a intern at home

815
00:29:57,566 --> 00:30:00,096
and starting in 9th of January.

816
00:30:00,000 --> 00:30:03,651
-I used to work with Raspberry Pi.
-Okay.

817
00:30:03,613 --> 00:30:07,574
And probably not – when it comes to (storage menu),

818
00:30:07,632 --> 00:30:10,559
so I want them to work on sensor.

819
00:30:10,559 --> 00:30:11,881
(May I call this sensor)?

820
00:30:11,881 --> 00:30:13,702
-Yeah.
-Like it (with) a drone.

821
00:30:13,702 --> 00:30:18,459
-Oh, wow.
-And so we can start mapping the air quality in cities.

822
00:30:18,459 --> 00:30:22,415
Oh, wow. Yeah that's...
-So with the – I'm not an expert in Arduino.

823
00:30:22,415 --> 00:30:24,321
So, maybe you got some tips whereas like

824
00:30:24,321 --> 00:30:25,831
where would you actually start?

825
00:30:25,831 --> 00:30:31,251
Well, effectively almost

826
00:30:31,251 --> 00:30:33,134
any Arduino would work

827
00:30:33,134 --> 00:30:36,485
because you just need to store the data somewhere.

828
00:30:36,485 --> 00:30:40,338
We're about to launch a board which is kind of like this

829
00:30:40,338 --> 00:30:43,751
small and it's just the same processor

830
00:30:43,751 --> 00:30:47,037
that we have in Arduino 0 which is a 32 bit

831
00:30:47,037 --> 00:30:50,186
ARM processor and it also has a

832
00:30:50,209 --> 00:30:52,422
micro-SD protector.

833
00:30:52,393 --> 00:30:55,232
So you put a micro-SD. You protect the sensor

834
00:30:55,232 --> 00:30:57,232
and when it flies around,

835
00:30:57,232 --> 00:30:59,232
you download the position.

836
00:30:59,232 --> 00:31:02,592
And the value from the sensor, you store it in the SD card

837
00:31:02,592 --> 00:31:04,757
and when the drone comes back, hopefully.

838
00:31:04,757 --> 00:31:06,757
You take out the SD card

839
00:31:06,757 --> 00:31:09,302
and you get a CSV file to download.

840
00:31:09,302 --> 00:31:11,302
So to build that code is very simple

841
00:31:11,302 --> 00:31:13,434
and essentially this was designed for

842
00:31:13,525 --> 00:31:14,580
this kind of activity.

843
00:31:14,580 --> 00:31:18,432
Well, it's going to be called “MKR zero”.

844
00:31:18,432 --> 00:31:21,457
Are you broadcasting this?

845
00:31:21,457 --> 00:31:25,949
-Yes.
No. (inaudible) – that's catchy.

846
00:31:25,949 --> 00:31:28,924
Yeah, there's going to be a border or in a (Adafruit makes)

847
00:31:28,924 --> 00:31:32,037
-King size SD card.
-As we go – try to – yeah, it's kind of similar.

848
00:31:32,037 --> 00:31:34,906
-Question.
-Yes.

849
00:31:34,906 --> 00:31:36,674
I have a question from my friends.

850
00:31:36,630 --> 00:31:37,275
They're asking,

851
00:31:37,275 --> 00:31:40,035
“What's the most impactful Arduino project

852
00:31:40,035 --> 00:31:42,707
-that you've encountered so far?”
-Oh wow.

853
00:31:42,707 --> 00:31:44,886
Yeah. That's a difficult question.

854
00:31:44,886 --> 00:31:49,440
I should prepare for this question like every month I decide.

855
00:31:49,440 --> 00:31:53,554
It's very difficult because every time I feel that

856
00:31:53,554 --> 00:31:55,834
we found something that's very impactful

857
00:31:55,834 --> 00:31:56,811
then somebody comes up with

858
00:31:56,811 --> 00:31:58,811
something else that's crazier.

859
00:31:58,811 --> 00:32:02,901
And I don't know. To me it's very interesting to see

860
00:32:02,901 --> 00:32:08,647
for example, if you look at the open source 3D printers,

861
00:32:08,647 --> 00:32:11,054
including the major (board).

862
00:32:11,054 --> 00:32:13,469
They all kind of started of with the Arduino

863
00:32:13,469 --> 00:32:15,309
as there hardware platform

864
00:32:15,309 --> 00:32:17,309
and the work that is – a lot of people hae done

865
00:32:17,309 --> 00:32:19,309
using Arduino to understand

866
00:32:19,309 --> 00:32:22,704
how to control motion in these kind of machines

867
00:32:22,704 --> 00:32:25,967
has generated a body of knowledge

868
00:32:26,011 --> 00:32:29,150
that gets used in rebreathers and people

869
00:32:29,150 --> 00:32:32,997
made sealing machine based on the same idea.

870
00:32:32,997 --> 00:32:36,069
People made open source laser cutters.

871
00:32:36,069 --> 00:32:40,482
People may even – cake decoration robots with that.

872
00:32:40,571 --> 00:32:43,297
Somebody made a machine that tattoos

873
00:32:43,312 --> 00:32:45,446
your – our wrist.

874
00:32:45,593 --> 00:32:48,547
Like you put your wrist – your arm inside

875
00:32:48,547 --> 00:32:50,547
and it tattoos stuff on your arm.

876
00:32:50,547 --> 00:32:52,769
And it's interesting because this is all based

877
00:32:52,769 --> 00:32:54,907
on this very interesting phenomena

878
00:32:54,907 --> 00:32:57,178
this layering of technology.

879
00:32:57,178 --> 00:32:59,178
So we in a way simplify

880
00:32:59,178 --> 00:33:01,677
the access to electronics and software

881
00:33:01,677 --> 00:33:03,449
and then somebody start building something

882
00:33:03,449 --> 00:33:05,898
that was called “motion control”

883
00:33:05,898 --> 00:33:08,755
and they work is equal to Grbl

884
00:33:08,755 --> 00:33:10,886
which is like a software that takes G-code,

885
00:33:10,886 --> 00:33:13,111
they are using – (skills) the machines

886
00:33:13,111 --> 00:33:15,111
and controls the stepper motor.

887
00:33:15,111 --> 00:33:17,111
And then on top of that, people started

888
00:33:17,111 --> 00:33:19,246
to create all the different things

889
00:33:19,246 --> 00:33:21,110
and they could – this thing called “RAMPS”.

890
00:33:21,110 --> 00:33:25,302
This shield that a lot of 3D printers used RAMPS.

891
00:33:25,302 --> 00:33:26,388
And then that particular

892
00:33:26,388 --> 00:33:27,302
combination of Arduino

893
00:33:27,302 --> 00:33:29,681
mega plus RAMPS, steam power

894
00:33:29,966 --> 00:33:31,966
like a ton of printers.

895
00:33:32,250 --> 00:33:34,450
And so it's interesting, you know this, you know,

896
00:33:34,450 --> 00:33:36,450
people understand and they build

897
00:33:36,450 --> 00:33:38,720
and somebody else comes and builds on top of that.

898
00:33:38,720 --> 00:33:40,720
And then now we have

899
00:33:40,720 --> 00:33:42,492
a lot of these 3D printers

900
00:33:42,492 --> 00:33:44,492
that are enabled by the work that

901
00:33:44,492 --> 00:33:47,048
people have done, you know, by collaborating

902
00:33:47,048 --> 00:33:49,002
in different ways.

903
00:33:49,002 --> 00:33:51,002
So I think that's broad enough,

904
00:33:51,002 --> 00:33:53,002
you know, like a

905
00:33:53,002 --> 00:33:55,002
crazy lifesaving project

906
00:33:55,002 --> 00:33:57,002
but it's – to me it's very important because

907
00:33:57,002 --> 00:34:00,491
it shows that, you know,

908
00:34:00,450 --> 00:34:02,796
if you work together you could kind of

909
00:34:02,796 --> 00:34:04,123
create – you can create

910
00:34:04,123 --> 00:34:06,255
a body of knowledge that becomes useful.

911
00:34:06,434 --> 00:34:08,434
So if somebody want to build

912
00:34:08,389 --> 00:34:10,029
some kind of a machine with

913
00:34:10,072 --> 00:34:12,947
an x, y, z axis machine.

914
00:34:12,902 --> 00:34:14,629
A little bit like a 3D printer.

915
00:34:14,629 --> 00:34:16,629
They don't start from zero.

916
00:34:16,629 --> 00:34:18,629
They can create that

917
00:34:18,629 --> 00:34:20,103
and build something with it.

918
00:34:20,103 --> 00:34:21,924
And doing that, it's kind of knowledge

919
00:34:21,924 --> 00:34:25,112
is an important, you know, tool.

920
00:34:25,112 --> 00:34:28,175
Then obviously, you know, people have built

921
00:34:28,175 --> 00:34:32,069
machines to analyze the DNA

922
00:34:32,069 --> 00:34:35,821
and then build a machines that can

923
00:34:35,821 --> 00:34:37,821
incubators for kids in

924
00:34:37,821 --> 00:34:40,661
and people have build, you know, tools for

925
00:34:40,972 --> 00:34:45,514
people that cannot speak, also they can, you know.

926
00:34:45,514 --> 00:34:47,514
At the Maker Faire this year,

927
00:34:47,692 --> 00:34:49,918
somebody build a glove

928
00:34:49,962 --> 00:34:51,962
for people that cannot speak

929
00:34:51,962 --> 00:34:54,228
so they can use sign language

930
00:34:54,228 --> 00:34:58,956
but then the Arduino – store gigabyte from Arduino

931
00:34:58,956 --> 00:35:00,956
that understands the signs

932
00:35:00,956 --> 00:35:02,956
and uses the mobile phone to speak the words.

933
00:35:02,956 --> 00:35:05,181
So if somebody cannot speak

934
00:35:05,181 --> 00:35:09,100
they can sign and the phone (cannot) speak

935
00:35:09,100 --> 00:35:12,120
which enables people to use

936
00:35:12,120 --> 00:35:13,442
sign language with people

937
00:35:13,442 --> 00:35:14,862
who don't understands sign language.

938
00:35:14,862 --> 00:35:16,725
I think it's a very important innovation.

939
00:35:16,725 --> 00:35:18,725
And so we gave it – we give this project

940
00:35:18,725 --> 00:35:24,379
100,000 euro as a price at the Maker Faire.

941
00:35:24,379 --> 00:35:26,379
But this type of project was

942
00:35:26,379 --> 00:35:28,379
somebody made a sensor that allows

943
00:35:28,379 --> 00:35:31,976
blind people to go on bicycles.

944
00:35:31,976 --> 00:35:34,787
Yeah. It was kind of – (like a thesis).

945
00:35:34,787 --> 00:35:39,029
It allows blind people to participate in bicycle race.

946
00:35:39,029 --> 00:35:42,652
-Wow.
-So they have a special three-wheel bicycle

947
00:35:42,652 --> 00:35:45,507
and this sensor has a bunch of

948
00:35:45,507 --> 00:35:47,910
sensors that detect obstacles

949
00:35:47,910 --> 00:35:51,672
and so the person who rides the bike

950
00:35:51,672 --> 00:35:53,672
and the sensor tells

951
00:35:53,672 --> 00:35:56,884
person if there are obstacles around and they just race.

952
00:35:56,884 --> 00:35:58,884
So they gave it with the school.

953
00:35:58,884 --> 00:36:02,293
They could have blind people race in the paralympics.

954
00:36:02,293 --> 00:36:05,396
There was another group that

955
00:36:05,396 --> 00:36:09,305
build a video game for dogs.

956
00:36:09,305 --> 00:36:12,228
A video game for dogs.

957
00:36:12,228 --> 00:36:15,154
It's essentially a box

958
00:36:15,263 --> 00:36:17,263
with three buttons.

959
00:36:17,371 --> 00:36:20,763
And it releases these biscuits for dogs.

960
00:36:20,763 --> 00:36:22,763
So the dogs sees a a light on,

961
00:36:22,763 --> 00:36:24,763
they go – they (keep) with their, you know,

962
00:36:24,763 --> 00:36:28,483
paw and they get a...(cookie)

963
00:36:28,483 --> 00:36:30,483
And then the more they learn how to do

964
00:36:30,483 --> 00:36:32,035
this, the more their gain

965
00:36:32,035 --> 00:36:33,271
becomes complicated.

966
00:36:33,271 --> 00:36:34,911
So the dog has to kind of go all

967
00:36:34,911 --> 00:36:36,729
the sequences and everything.

968
00:36:36,729 --> 00:36:38,729
And apparently, it keeps the dogs busy

969
00:36:38,729 --> 00:36:40,729
while their bored.

970
00:36:40,777 --> 00:36:43,509
And they are happy.

971
00:36:43,509 --> 00:36:45,509
So there was industry

972
00:36:45,509 --> 00:36:47,509
installation of this kind of projects and

973
00:36:47,509 --> 00:36:49,014
every year there's – weren't more.

974
00:36:49,014 --> 00:36:51,014
So it's kind of hard to...

975
00:36:51,099 --> 00:36:53,594
Yes.

976
00:36:53,772 --> 00:36:55,772
I have a question.

977
00:36:55,772 --> 00:36:57,772
So as you mention the Arduino 101 just now.

978
00:36:57,772 --> 00:37:00,261
-Yeah
-And meanwhile, (called out) Arduino 101

979
00:37:00,261 --> 00:37:02,261
which is on internet (and how can we)

980
00:37:02,261 --> 00:37:04,261
has a potential for of (mesh network)

981
00:37:04,439 --> 00:37:06,394
-Oh yeah.
-And I'm wondering when

982
00:37:06,394 --> 00:37:08,394
we're to expect Arduino of having

983
00:37:08,527 --> 00:37:11,468
his time neural network speed.

984
00:37:11,468 --> 00:37:13,468
Yeah. Actually you can use it now.

985
00:37:13,468 --> 00:37:15,153
There is a thing called the

986
00:37:15,153 --> 00:37:18,307
“The Intel Pattern Matching Library”

987
00:37:18,307 --> 00:37:19,812
you can build it.

988
00:37:19,812 --> 00:37:22,211
Intel is not really great at explaining

989
00:37:22,211 --> 00:37:24,617
to people how cool is the product

990
00:37:24,617 --> 00:37:26,617
into – because with this name nobody

991
00:37:26,617 --> 00:37:29,207
would – it's a pattern matching library.

992
00:37:29,207 --> 00:37:30,939
So basically, what happens is that

993
00:37:30,939 --> 00:37:32,939
in the silicon, there is

994
00:37:32,939 --> 00:37:35,252
essentially a neural network implemented

995
00:37:35,252 --> 00:37:38,041
there are some neurons implemented in silicon.

996
00:37:38,041 --> 00:37:40,041
So the idea is that,

997
00:37:40,041 --> 00:37:42,041
you can either train

998
00:37:42,219 --> 00:37:44,219
the neural network directly in the

999
00:37:44,219 --> 00:37:46,351
Arduino 101 if have seen – whole

1000
00:37:46,351 --> 00:37:48,711
learning process that you want to do,

1001
00:37:48,711 --> 00:37:50,619
or if you want to work

1002
00:37:50,619 --> 00:37:52,126
on more complex stuff.

1003
00:37:52,126 --> 00:37:53,630
You should get the data

1004
00:37:53,630 --> 00:37:56,485
use some kind of a software to train

1005
00:37:56,796 --> 00:37:58,796
the neuron and then you download

1006
00:37:58,796 --> 00:38:00,662
the information in the network.

1007
00:38:00,662 --> 00:38:02,662
But essentially the idea is

1008
00:38:02,662 --> 00:38:04,120
more of the potential use.

1009
00:38:04,120 --> 00:38:06,120
They use – you connect sensor to this

1010
00:38:06,120 --> 00:38:08,120
network and the network can

1011
00:38:08,297 --> 00:38:10,519
basically interpret the data from

1012
00:38:10,564 --> 00:38:13,182
sensors even if the processor is off.

1013
00:38:13,182 --> 00:38:15,182
So for example, if you are

1014
00:38:15,182 --> 00:38:17,182
making like a fitness band

1015
00:38:17,182 --> 00:38:19,997
like FitBit, the Neural network can

1016
00:38:19,997 --> 00:38:21,997
use that accelerometer the board

1017
00:38:21,997 --> 00:38:23,997
has a 6-axis sensor.

1018
00:38:23,997 --> 00:38:25,997
You can interpret the data.

1019
00:38:25,997 --> 00:38:28,179
You can understand that

1020
00:38:28,263 --> 00:38:29,907
there was a step,

1021
00:38:29,951 --> 00:38:32,498
or somebody who's running, or we’re going up the stairs.

1022
00:38:32,498 --> 00:38:34,860
So – and then you count data

1023
00:38:34,860 --> 00:38:36,860
but you wake up, the processor

1024
00:38:36,860 --> 00:38:40,256
just say “He took a step” turn off

1025
00:38:40,300 --> 00:38:44,448
or “she was running for two steps”, stop.

1026
00:38:44,448 --> 00:38:46,448
So by doing this, you can save

1027
00:38:46,448 --> 00:38:49,230
dramatically the power

1028
00:38:49,230 --> 00:38:51,773
and also this kind of motion

1029
00:38:51,773 --> 00:38:54,312
a construction algorithm.

1030
00:38:54,312 --> 00:38:56,041
They tend to be very, very expensive.

1031
00:38:56,041 --> 00:38:57,725
They're not open source.

1032
00:38:57,725 --> 00:38:59,903
So if you train network to do it for you

1033
00:38:59,903 --> 00:39:01,680
(it's turning off).

1034
00:39:01,680 --> 00:39:03,680
You get better quality with the

1035
00:39:03,680 --> 00:39:05,680
not having to license those things.

1036
00:39:05,680 --> 00:39:07,854
And at the moment

1037
00:39:07,902 --> 00:39:10,632
the examples that you find are mostly inside

1038
00:39:10,632 --> 00:39:13,089
you press the button,

1039
00:39:13,089 --> 00:39:15,089
you shade the board

1040
00:39:15,089 --> 00:39:17,089
and the board learnsthat movement.

1041
00:39:17,089 --> 00:39:19,089
Every time you do that movement.

1042
00:39:19,089 --> 00:39:21,407
it pauses – “oh, you do a movement.”

1043
00:39:21,407 --> 00:39:24,137
So the examples are not exactly

1044
00:39:24,137 --> 00:39:27,314
exciting but they show you

1045
00:39:27,314 --> 00:39:29,623
that there's a lot of potential in that thing.

1046
00:39:29,623 --> 00:39:32,631
Westworld. I know you don't watch TV but...

1047
00:39:32,671 --> 00:39:34,298
-Sorry?
-Westworld.

1048
00:39:34,298 --> 00:39:35,470
-Yeah.
-Oh, yeah.

1049
00:39:35,559 --> 00:39:36,926
-You've seen this?
-Westworld.

1050
00:39:36,970 --> 00:39:39,945
I don't know. Westworld. All right.

1051
00:39:39,945 --> 00:39:42,346
The neural network is not powerful enough

1052
00:39:42,346 --> 00:39:44,658
to create this sentient being

1053
00:39:44,658 --> 00:39:47,110
actually, what is the last episode,

1054
00:39:47,110 --> 00:39:49,244
-it's like this week.
-Ninth season.

1055
00:39:49,244 --> 00:39:51,833
-Season 9.
-Ninth season.

1056
00:39:51,833 --> 00:39:53,781
Okay. Yes. I was waiting

1057
00:39:53,781 --> 00:39:55,185
for the last episode.

1058
00:39:55,185 --> 00:39:57,185
Yeah, I know it's not enough

1059
00:39:57,185 --> 00:39:59,185
to create – it's normally I think equivalent of

1060
00:39:59,364 --> 00:40:01,584
the brain of a tiny insect

1061
00:40:00,617 --> 00:40:05,965
tiny insect but still you can create to do some useful stuff.

1062
00:40:05,972 --> 00:40:09,144
And mostly, you know, you can do it

1063
00:40:09,158 --> 00:40:11,358
optimizing the power, or

1064
00:40:11,358 --> 00:40:13,402
optimizing the computing capability.

1065
00:40:13,402 --> 00:40:15,504
So that processor has a lot

1066
00:40:15,504 --> 00:40:17,504
of features in there.

1067
00:40:26,709 --> 00:40:29,343
Is anybody here a teacher like William?

1068
00:40:31,176 --> 00:40:33,002
Have you ever taught an Arduino

1069
00:40:33,002 --> 00:40:35,002
workshop for somebody else?

1070
00:40:35,291 --> 00:40:37,291
Okay, good, good, good.

1071
00:40:37,291 --> 00:40:40,224
Have you ever taught Arduino to kids?

1072
00:40:40,713 --> 00:40:43,450
Oh, wow. Okay. That's great.

1073
00:40:44,500 --> 00:40:46,356
Because you know, it's not

1074
00:40:46,356 --> 00:40:48,257
it's not always easy now to teach kids

1075
00:40:48,257 --> 00:40:50,822
because they feel like super excited

1076
00:40:50,822 --> 00:40:52,764
or you kind of like keep

1077
00:40:52,764 --> 00:40:54,837
them focused, you know.

1078
00:40:54,837 --> 00:40:56,837
You have – did you have a

1079
00:40:56,837 --> 00:40:58,837
did you have a teacher that doing to kids?

1080
00:40:59,169 --> 00:41:01,042
What age?

1081
00:41:01,013 --> 00:41:03,056
The youngest was my son.

1082
00:41:03,056 --> 00:41:05,231
Okay, that's four.

1083
00:41:05,231 --> 00:41:07,568
Arduino, for like a four-year old.

1084
00:41:07,568 --> 00:41:09,744
Yeah. He looks at the printing and

1085
00:41:09,744 --> 00:41:11,310
(how we do things). Okay.

1086
00:41:11,310 --> 00:41:13,107
They understand the hardware.

1087
00:41:13,107 --> 00:41:14,533
Yeah. I think – I know you're more

1088
00:41:14,533 --> 00:41:16,230
thinking about the coding parts

1089
00:41:16,217 --> 00:41:18,592
but they're doing the hardware, no problem.

1090
00:41:18,592 --> 00:41:20,707
(Mike) is good and faster than I do.

1091
00:41:20,750 --> 00:41:25,357
Wow. I think one frequent asked question

1092
00:41:25,357 --> 00:41:28,491
which I always get from teachers

1093
00:41:28,491 --> 00:41:30,416
You hold it.

1094
00:41:30,416 --> 00:41:33,764
Yeah. One of the frequent asked

1095
00:41:33,764 --> 00:41:35,764
questions that I always get,

1096
00:41:35,764 --> 00:41:37,764
not only as a teacher

1097
00:41:37,764 --> 00:41:39,764
but from teachers would be,

1098
00:41:39,764 --> 00:41:42,837
“Yeah, all this Arduino is cool,

1099
00:41:42,837 --> 00:41:47,811
but what has that ever do with education?

1100
00:41:47,811 --> 00:41:49,811
What has that got to do with..."

1101
00:41:49,811 --> 00:41:52,103
You know, I don't say

1102
00:41:52,360 --> 00:41:54,977
– or my kids are young

1103
00:41:54,977 --> 00:41:58,604
or we are from the (Arts stream), you know.

1104
00:41:58,590 --> 00:41:59,826
What does this have

1105
00:41:59,826 --> 00:42:01,450
to do with (Arts)?

1106
00:42:01,450 --> 00:42:02,485
Well, when you hear this

1107
00:42:02,485 --> 00:42:05,318
kind of remarks,

1108
00:42:05,318 --> 00:42:07,580
what would you say to them?

1109
00:42:07,580 --> 00:42:09,537
Oh, wow.

1110
00:42:09,537 --> 00:42:14,123
Well, the funny thing is that

1111
00:42:14,123 --> 00:42:16,613
sometimes you hear people say

1112
00:42:16,613 --> 00:42:18,383
that people who are technically

1113
00:42:18,383 --> 00:42:20,383
oriented to technology,

1114
00:42:20,383 --> 00:42:22,383
they don't really like the (Arts).

1115
00:42:22,369 --> 00:42:24,470
But I have to say

1116
00:42:24,470 --> 00:42:26,703
that sometimes people who are into (Arts),

1117
00:42:26,703 --> 00:42:28,703
they are little bit, you know,

1118
00:42:28,703 --> 00:42:30,950
they kind of – they don't

1119
00:42:30,950 --> 00:42:33,381
they're not – they don't say,

1120
00:42:33,381 --> 00:42:34,884
you know, kind of – in a way,

1121
00:42:34,884 --> 00:42:35,754
they're also the one's

1122
00:42:35,754 --> 00:42:37,944
who don't understand that technologies.

1123
00:42:37,944 --> 00:42:40,290
You know, it goes “Creative”

1124
00:42:40,290 --> 00:42:42,290
– a community.

1125
00:42:42,290 --> 00:42:44,290
And a lot of (arts)

1126
00:42:44,953 --> 00:42:47,320
is done now with technology.

1127
00:42:47,320 --> 00:42:49,407
Like contemporary art's

1128
00:42:49,407 --> 00:42:51,262
are using computers,

1129
00:42:51,262 --> 00:42:52,987
they're using electronics.

1130
00:42:52,987 --> 00:42:54,592
One of the first community

1131
00:42:54,592 --> 00:42:55,813
to adopt Arduino

1132
00:42:55,813 --> 00:42:57,813
after my students were musicians,

1133
00:42:57,813 --> 00:43:00,613
building new interfaces for

1134
00:43:00,613 --> 00:43:03,531
– there was even a

1135
00:43:03,531 --> 00:43:04,218
conference school,

1136
00:43:04,218 --> 00:43:06,778
New Interfaces for Musical Expression.

1137
00:43:06,778 --> 00:43:08,232
So, you know,

1138
00:43:08,232 --> 00:43:09,584
and then it would be at a

1139
00:43:09,584 --> 00:43:10,768
bunch of stuff using things

1140
00:43:10,768 --> 00:43:12,070
like Arduino.

1141
00:43:12,070 --> 00:43:14,406
And a lot of the current

1142
00:43:14,406 --> 00:43:16,537
interactive installation define

1143
00:43:16,537 --> 00:43:19,289
from artist are built using

1144
00:43:19,289 --> 00:43:21,059
, you know, technology.

1145
00:43:21,059 --> 00:43:23,424
A lot of exhibitions

1146
00:43:23,424 --> 00:43:25,540
in museums are Arduino.

1147
00:43:25,540 --> 00:43:27,081
Even the New York Times

1148
00:43:27,081 --> 00:43:28,980
wrote an article like five years ago

1149
00:43:28,980 --> 00:43:32,002
saying that if you used an Arduino,

1150
00:43:32,045 --> 00:43:34,897
you could build installations

1151
00:43:34,897 --> 00:43:36,289
for museums that would

1152
00:43:36,289 --> 00:43:38,289
, you know, be cheap and

1153
00:43:38,289 --> 00:43:39,565
- so one of the things

1154
00:43:39,565 --> 00:43:40,780
that I think is very interesting

1155
00:43:40,780 --> 00:43:41,787
that's happening right now,

1156
00:43:41,787 --> 00:43:42,910
is that if you use something

1157
00:43:42,910 --> 00:43:44,996
like Arduino to teacher.

1158
00:43:44,996 --> 00:43:47,663
For example you can

1159
00:43:47,663 --> 00:43:49,949
– you can do use

1160
00:43:49,949 --> 00:43:50,852
a lot of technology

1161
00:43:50,852 --> 00:43:52,852
that you have all in the same place.

1162
00:43:52,852 --> 00:43:54,985
But a lot of teaching unfortunately

1163
00:43:54,985 --> 00:43:56,467
is still divided by subjects.

1164
00:43:56,467 --> 00:43:58,598
So you do things in Arts,

1165
00:43:58,598 --> 00:44:00,141
and then you do Math,

1166
00:44:00,141 --> 00:44:01,626
and then you do Literature,

1167
00:44:01,626 --> 00:44:02,624
and then you do

1168
00:44:02,624 --> 00:44:03,738
– and you do is like all

1169
00:44:03,760 --> 00:44:06,683
, you know, we called it (silos), sometimes.

1170
00:44:06,683 --> 00:44:08,576
They're separated, you know.

1171
00:44:08,576 --> 00:44:10,035
While if you are building

1172
00:44:10,035 --> 00:44:12,274
a project using Arduino,

1173
00:44:12,253 --> 00:44:14,293
you might need to put together

1174
00:44:14,293 --> 00:44:16,336
some of your understanding

1175
00:44:16,336 --> 00:44:17,338
on Physics

1176
00:44:17,338 --> 00:44:18,795
because you're trying to make

1177
00:44:18,795 --> 00:44:20,599
some to evolve, you know.

1178
00:44:20,599 --> 00:44:22,276
I was once I was trying

1179
00:44:22,276 --> 00:44:23,344
to build some kind of a

1180
00:44:23,344 --> 00:44:24,788
a robotic armor,

1181
00:44:24,788 --> 00:44:26,788
to draw something on paper

1182
00:44:26,788 --> 00:44:27,696
and I realized that,

1183
00:44:27,696 --> 00:44:29,078
oh wow, now I have to

1184
00:44:29,078 --> 00:44:31,012
remember all those (Economics)

1185
00:44:31,012 --> 00:44:33,183
with formulas that I always hated

1186
00:44:33,183 --> 00:44:34,491
when I was a student.

1187
00:44:34,491 --> 00:44:35,995
Why did I hate them?

1188
00:44:35,995 --> 00:44:37,291
Because people, thought me

1189
00:44:37,291 --> 00:44:38,567
those (Economics) with formula

1190
00:44:38,567 --> 00:44:40,369
without ever explaining to me

1191
00:44:40,369 --> 00:44:42,588
why would I need them.

1192
00:44:42,588 --> 00:44:44,740
And then I have

1193
00:44:44,740 --> 00:44:45,496
the problem that

1194
00:44:45,496 --> 00:44:47,215
I have an XY coordinate

1195
00:44:47,215 --> 00:44:48,141
and I have to turn it in

1196
00:44:48,141 --> 00:44:49,905
two and three angles.

1197
00:44:49,905 --> 00:44:51,905
I said, “Oh, take a moment

1198
00:44:51,905 --> 00:44:52,850
(inaudible).”

1199
00:44:54,358 --> 00:44:56,565
So in a way this kind of project-based

1200
00:44:56,565 --> 00:44:58,565
learning with learning by doing.

1201
00:44:58,565 --> 00:44:59,737
And as if I have to say

1202
00:44:59,737 --> 00:45:01,136
you put together all your knowledge

1203
00:45:01,136 --> 00:45:03,201
and then suddenly you move

1204
00:45:03,201 --> 00:45:04,373
from one – visibly

1205
00:45:04,373 --> 00:45:06,481
go now so you find your ways kind of

1206
00:45:06,481 --> 00:45:09,566
a toy that uses Physics

1207
00:45:09,566 --> 00:45:11,566
and then uses Music.

1208
00:45:11,566 --> 00:45:13,566
Then you need to produce sound

1209
00:45:13,566 --> 00:45:14,667
from them to hear.

1210
00:45:14,667 --> 00:45:16,514
Oh, I need to make a sound.

1211
00:45:16,514 --> 00:45:18,470
So I need to know about frequency

1212
00:45:18,470 --> 00:45:20,470
and I need to know about notes.

1213
00:45:20,470 --> 00:45:23,188
I need to know about echo

1214
00:45:23,188 --> 00:45:24,484
and all these kind of things.

1215
00:45:24,484 --> 00:45:26,570
So, suddenly all you - things you learned

1216
00:45:26,570 --> 00:45:28,570
in Music they go into

1217
00:45:28,570 --> 00:45:29,940
your project.

1218
00:45:29,940 --> 00:45:31,516
So building projects with this

1219
00:45:31,516 --> 00:45:33,406
kind of technology in my opinion,

1220
00:45:33,406 --> 00:45:34,536
is very powerful

1221
00:45:34,536 --> 00:45:36,235
because it teaches kids.

1222
00:45:36,235 --> 00:45:37,302
And when you're trying

1223
00:45:37,302 --> 00:45:38,369
to solve the problem

1224
00:45:38,369 --> 00:45:40,026
you bring in everything

1225
00:45:40,026 --> 00:45:42,026
you know about life.

1226
00:45:42,026 --> 00:45:43,922
That's why for example say

1227
00:45:43,922 --> 00:45:45,922
the farmer learning about Arduino.

1228
00:45:45,922 --> 00:45:47,922
Because in a way,

1229
00:45:47,922 --> 00:45:49,620
they bring some life skills

1230
00:45:49,620 --> 00:45:51,620
about that subject that

1231
00:45:51,620 --> 00:45:54,633
unless you're also a farmer you don't know.

1232
00:45:54,633 --> 00:45:57,116
All you have do is ask.

1233
00:45:57,116 --> 00:45:57,921
Sorry?

1234
00:45:57,921 --> 00:45:59,550
Hi sir, my name is (Gabrielle).

1235
00:45:59,572 --> 00:46:01,094
So I teach a robotics

1236
00:46:01,094 --> 00:46:02,568
at school music and (inaudible).

1237
00:46:02,568 --> 00:46:03,073
Okay.

1238
00:46:03,073 --> 00:46:04,321
And later they (inaudible).

1239
00:46:04,321 --> 00:46:05,687
So the thing now is a lot of student

1240
00:46:05,687 --> 00:46:07,253
are very excited to use

1241
00:46:07,253 --> 00:46:08,278
(scratch programming)

1242
00:46:08,278 --> 00:46:08,949
Yeah.

1243
00:46:08,949 --> 00:46:10,290
But the thing is a lot of students

1244
00:46:10,290 --> 00:46:11,811
want to learn (syntax),

1245
00:46:11,811 --> 00:46:14,526
but the school teachers do not allow

1246
00:46:14,547 --> 00:46:15,739
their students to learn (syntax).

1247
00:46:15,739 --> 00:46:17,367
So what do you think

1248
00:46:17,367 --> 00:46:19,154
could do that experience teach

1249
00:46:19,154 --> 00:46:21,606
to learn syntax building? That's it.

1250
00:46:21,671 --> 00:46:24,515
Well, mm mhmm.

1251
00:46:25,010 --> 00:46:27,441
I mean (Scratch) is really good

1252
00:46:27,441 --> 00:46:28,772
to teach your young kid.

1253
00:46:28,772 --> 00:46:30,772
You get going very quickly.

1254
00:46:30,772 --> 00:46:32,772
But then obviously there is

1255
00:46:32,772 --> 00:46:34,425
a point where

1256
00:46:34,425 --> 00:46:35,752
if you become an expert

1257
00:46:35,752 --> 00:46:37,752
there's also personal productivity.

1258
00:46:37,752 --> 00:46:39,026
So if you're an expert,

1259
00:46:39,026 --> 00:46:40,764
(but they used I don't) want to

1260
00:46:40,764 --> 00:46:43,243
– and you know that as we

1261
00:46:43,243 --> 00:46:45,092
the big people who have built tools

1262
00:46:45,092 --> 00:46:46,323
for Arduino where

1263
00:46:46,323 --> 00:46:48,323
– even the (aim) of tool

1264
00:46:48,323 --> 00:46:50,323
shows you the Arduino code

1265
00:46:50,323 --> 00:46:51,347
generated us.

1266
00:46:51,347 --> 00:46:52,469
So that one is a good idea

1267
00:46:52,469 --> 00:46:54,295
because once you build the project

1268
00:46:54,295 --> 00:46:55,168
you kind of stop

1269
00:46:55,168 --> 00:46:56,629
because it's too complicated,

1270
00:46:56,629 --> 00:46:58,299
then you generate the code.

1271
00:46:58,299 --> 00:46:59,894
You cut it and paste it to Arduino

1272
00:46:59,894 --> 00:47:01,049
and you could (ping).

1273
00:47:01,049 --> 00:47:03,049
And then kind of, you know,

1274
00:47:03,049 --> 00:47:05,049
then it keeps getting mapped

1275
00:47:05,049 --> 00:47:07,049
the blocks to the code.

1276
00:47:07,049 --> 00:47:09,156
But you need to get to the point

1277
00:47:09,156 --> 00:47:11,156
that they are trying to do something,

1278
00:47:11,156 --> 00:47:12,772
that they cannot do

1279
00:47:12,772 --> 00:47:13,921
with visual tool

1280
00:47:13,943 --> 00:47:16,268
and then they are motivated.

1281
00:47:16,268 --> 00:47:18,248
Even with the adults it's like,

1282
00:47:18,248 --> 00:47:19,832
when I started teaching,

1283
00:47:19,832 --> 00:47:21,681
the first lectures I did it

1284
00:47:21,681 --> 00:47:24,435
in a way I saw people teaching in university.

1285
00:47:24,500 --> 00:47:26,984
So started teaching people about electricity,

1286
00:47:26,984 --> 00:47:29,158
electrons, current, atoms.

1287
00:47:29,158 --> 00:47:31,079
And then everybody was, you know,

1288
00:47:31,079 --> 00:47:31,887
getting distracted.

1289
00:47:31,887 --> 00:47:33,298
They would browse a data

1290
00:47:33,298 --> 00:47:34,778
and make it a wifi.

1291
00:47:34,778 --> 00:47:35,688
I said, “Oh, wow”.

1292
00:47:35,688 --> 00:47:37,688
Even I turned off the wifi

1293
00:47:37,688 --> 00:47:39,688
or I become a different teacher.

1294
00:47:39,688 --> 00:47:42,078
So, I said this was the second option.

1295
00:47:42,078 --> 00:47:43,580
And I realized that, you know,

1296
00:47:43,580 --> 00:47:44,949
when I was kid I learned

1297
00:47:44,949 --> 00:47:46,326
by doing things.

1298
00:47:46,326 --> 00:47:48,196
And when I started learning

1299
00:47:48,196 --> 00:47:50,283
what all the (gist) as a kid

1300
00:47:50,283 --> 00:47:52,720
was the moment something

1301
00:47:52,720 --> 00:47:55,042
I was trying to do, required me

1302
00:47:55,042 --> 00:47:56,780
to learn about knowledge.

1303
00:47:56,780 --> 00:47:58,543
So in that particular context,

1304
00:47:58,543 --> 00:48:01,845
that piece of knowledge connected with

1305
00:48:01,845 --> 00:48:04,378
my situation and I was open

1306
00:48:04,378 --> 00:48:06,378
to that concept.

1307
00:48:06,378 --> 00:48:08,421
But if I try to learn

1308
00:48:08,421 --> 00:48:09,878
a bunch of things completely

1309
00:48:09,878 --> 00:48:11,772
in abstraction with no connection

1310
00:48:11,772 --> 00:48:12,623
with my life,

1311
00:48:12,623 --> 00:48:14,623
what's the point of this knowledge?

1312
00:48:14,623 --> 00:48:16,051
It goes away.

1313
00:48:16,051 --> 00:48:17,616
So, if the kids get to the point

1314
00:48:17,616 --> 00:48:18,988
that they want to do something,

1315
00:48:18,988 --> 00:48:20,291
but they can't do it

1316
00:48:20,291 --> 00:48:21,830
because the visual tool cannot do it,

1317
00:48:21,830 --> 00:48:23,701
in that moment they are

1318
00:48:23,701 --> 00:48:25,873
ready to invest the energy

1319
00:48:25,873 --> 00:48:29,720
to move to their (level).

1320
00:48:32,842 --> 00:48:34,052
Yes?

1321
00:48:34,052 --> 00:48:35,702
If you had to put Arduino

1322
00:48:35,702 --> 00:48:37,397
and all of these maker community

1323
00:48:37,397 --> 00:48:38,789
in one sentence to someone

1324
00:48:38,789 --> 00:48:39,998
who never heard it before?

1325
00:48:39,998 --> 00:48:41,264
Oh, wow.

1326
00:48:41,264 --> 00:48:43,264
Because a lot of people ask me

1327
00:48:43,264 --> 00:48:45,438
this about what is it

1328
00:48:45,438 --> 00:48:47,676
I can't define this?

1329
00:48:47,676 --> 00:48:50,440
Well, the reason of usual definition of making,

1330
00:48:50,440 --> 00:48:52,156
which is kind of boring.

1331
00:48:52,156 --> 00:48:54,854
It is difficult to create

1332
00:48:54,854 --> 00:48:57,611
like a simple one sentence definition

1333
00:48:57,611 --> 00:48:58,557
also because I noticed

1334
00:48:58,557 --> 00:49:00,557
that even in the maker of community

1335
00:49:00,557 --> 00:49:02,557
a lot of people have a different

1336
00:49:02,557 --> 00:49:04,557
way to think about it.

1337
00:49:04,557 --> 00:49:06,664
To me the important part, is that

1338
00:49:06,664 --> 00:49:09,321
– it is in a way a movement

1339
00:49:09,321 --> 00:49:11,018
that is connected only with

1340
00:49:11,018 --> 00:49:13,192
essentially a DIY attitude,

1341
00:49:13,192 --> 00:49:15,450
so do it yourself attitude,

1342
00:49:15,450 --> 00:49:18,472
which it's essentially

1343
00:49:18,472 --> 00:49:21,342
a technological extension

1344
00:49:21,342 --> 00:49:24,721
of the DIY community,

1345
00:49:24,721 --> 00:49:28,325
which in a way is

1346
00:49:32,388 --> 00:49:35,201
- uses different, you know,

1347
00:49:35,201 --> 00:49:36,897
learning by doing

1348
00:49:36,897 --> 00:49:41,269
and this kind of constructing

1349
00:49:41,269 --> 00:49:44,228
a little bit too technicality's term.

1350
00:49:44,228 --> 00:49:45,681
But in education this makers

1351
00:49:45,681 --> 00:49:47,050
are called constructive in term,

1352
00:49:47,050 --> 00:49:48,702
– you build up your knowledge.

1353
00:49:48,702 --> 00:49:51,070
But in way, so it is essentially,

1354
00:49:51,070 --> 00:49:53,399
it's a DIY community

1355
00:49:53,399 --> 00:49:55,399
that embraces every activity

1356
00:49:55,399 --> 00:49:57,030
with a technological angle.

1357
00:49:57,030 --> 00:49:59,030
So they used digital technologies

1358
00:50:02,216 --> 00:50:04,757
The people who do this are not necessarily

1359
00:50:04,743 --> 00:50:07,281
an expert training at field

1360
00:50:07,782 --> 00:50:09,366
of technology

1361
00:50:09,366 --> 00:50:11,532
They may be somebody that's been speaking at other

1362
00:50:11,532 --> 00:50:13,383
technology and they used

1363
00:50:13,383 --> 00:50:14,955
and in the field they used technology

1364
00:50:14,955 --> 00:50:17,976
and they do a lot of learning by doing,

1365
00:50:17,976 --> 00:50:19,976
learning by making projects.

1366
00:50:19,976 --> 00:50:24,517
So it's the hands on learning and a deep

1367
00:50:24,517 --> 00:50:27,288
another aspect that makes maker different from

1368
00:50:27,288 --> 00:50:29,439
other previous communities

1369
00:50:29,439 --> 00:50:34,778
that it’s learning from other people.

1370
00:50:34,778 --> 00:50:37,803
It's also called peer to peer learning.

1371
00:50:37,803 --> 00:50:40,258
It happens because makers use internet.

1372
00:50:40,258 --> 00:50:42,258
They communicate with people.

1373
00:50:43,635 --> 00:50:47,766
A number of makers that's making complex concepts

1374
00:50:47,766 --> 00:50:51,211
to learn them with a lot of pain

1375
00:50:51,211 --> 00:50:54,775
and then wrote articles online to explain them

1376
00:50:54,775 --> 00:50:56,643
in a different language,

1377
00:50:56,643 --> 00:50:59,659
making it easier for other people to do that.

1378
00:50:59,659 --> 00:51:03,157
And so, I don't know, I should - I think

1379
00:51:03,157 --> 00:51:05,157
I should sit down and probably try come up

1380
00:51:05,157 --> 00:51:07,730
with a very elegant phrase to say this.

1381
00:51:07,730 --> 00:51:09,697
At the moment, I don't.

1382
00:51:09,697 --> 00:51:11,182
There's a couple of people who has,

1383
00:51:11,182 --> 00:51:13,331
a couple different publishers who've asked me to write

1384
00:51:13,331 --> 00:51:15,331
a book about makers.

1385
00:51:15,331 --> 00:51:17,846
But then it would require me to go, all this kind of thinking

1386
00:51:17,846 --> 00:51:21,139
and come up with clever definitions

1387
00:51:21,139 --> 00:51:23,139
or intelligent ideas.

1388
00:51:23,139 --> 00:51:26,625
And so sometimes, yes, kind of.

1389
00:51:26,608 --> 00:51:30,570
I'll just give you an example I think, you know,

1390
00:51:30,570 --> 00:51:34,638
when I started working on microcontrollers

1391
00:51:34,638 --> 00:51:37,018
before I made Arduino,

1392
00:51:37,018 --> 00:51:41,433
I was working with teachers because, you know,

1393
00:51:41,433 --> 00:51:43,433
before I started teaching

1394
00:51:43,433 --> 00:51:45,433
I was working in a – I was working

1395
00:51:45,433 --> 00:51:47,433
and I was doing software for a long, long time.

1396
00:51:47,433 --> 00:51:50,470
And then I was working in investment fund,

1397
00:51:50,470 --> 00:51:52,305
in a venture capital fund.

1398
00:51:52,305 --> 00:51:54,305
And after that okay, this is not for me.

1399
00:51:54,305 --> 00:51:56,008
I don't like this.

1400
00:51:56,008 --> 00:51:57,842
I want to go to something

1401
00:51:57,842 --> 00:51:59,842
that has got something to do with, you know,

1402
00:51:59,842 --> 00:52:02,582
maybe something and maybe helping people

1403
00:52:02,582 --> 00:52:04,582
so I started teaching in the school.

1404
00:52:04,582 --> 00:52:06,582
That's why I used (pictures)

1405
00:52:06,582 --> 00:52:09,300
because they were - they're very

1406
00:52:09,300 --> 00:52:11,300
the most easy one to find on the market,

1407
00:52:11,300 --> 00:52:13,300
because Italian's were using the pictures

1408
00:52:13,300 --> 00:52:15,300
to hack satellite tv's.

1409
00:52:15,300 --> 00:52:17,300
So they can watch their – the football game.

1410
00:52:18,013 --> 00:52:21,299
So they – you could buy them anywhere from.

1411
00:52:21,299 --> 00:52:23,299
But then after a while,

1412
00:52:23,299 --> 00:52:25,721
we found a lot of limitation in the (pictures).

1413
00:52:25,721 --> 00:52:27,721
And we want something that would have a good

1414
00:52:27,721 --> 00:52:30,419
free open-source C compiler

1415
00:52:30,419 --> 00:52:33,258
and in the end we ended up using the AVR

1416
00:52:33,258 --> 00:52:35,408
because one of my

1417
00:52:35,408 --> 00:52:40,180
(in a way) mentors, yes, (inaudible) told me

1418
00:52:40,180 --> 00:52:41,310
I'm going to look at the AVR,

1419
00:52:41,310 --> 00:52:43,310
but at least the reason why we ended up using it,

1420
00:52:43,310 --> 00:52:46,738
is because the old community,

1421
00:52:46,738 --> 00:52:49,034
which was not called makers back then

1422
00:52:49,034 --> 00:52:51,719
who read all their AVR documentation

1423
00:52:51,719 --> 00:52:55,014
which wasn’t clearly written

1424
00:52:55,014 --> 00:52:58,621
digested it and they wrote their own articles,

1425
00:52:58,621 --> 00:53:00,621
they explained the same stuff

1426
00:53:00,621 --> 00:53:02,621
in the language that humans would understand.

1427
00:53:02,621 --> 00:53:08,417
So we started to work with AVR's, for

1428
00:53:08,417 --> 00:53:09,818
also for that reason

1429
00:53:09,818 --> 00:53:13,112
because the documentation was, you know,

1430
00:53:13,112 --> 00:53:15,862
unable - in a format

1431
00:53:15,862 --> 00:53:17,862
that wasn't an official datasheets

1432
00:53:17,862 --> 00:53:19,862
but also articles like people

1433
00:53:19,862 --> 00:53:21,862
explaining how to do this.

1434
00:53:23,471 --> 00:53:25,790
So I think in a way, you know,

1435
00:53:25,790 --> 00:53:28,108
this is a community

1436
00:53:28,108 --> 00:53:30,108
that were kind of helping each other

1437
00:53:30,108 --> 00:53:32,308
kind of part of the - the sharing

1438
00:53:32,308 --> 00:53:35,319
is part of the package.

1439
00:53:38,321 --> 00:53:42,666
(Inaudible), is someone who is

1440
00:53:42,666 --> 00:53:44,666
hoping to go beyond other than looking

1441
00:53:44,666 --> 00:53:47,576
to the (inaudible) besides the services like

1442
00:53:47,576 --> 00:53:49,905
easy work or rather

1443
00:53:49,905 --> 00:53:53,632
a relatively easier introduction into (inaudible).

1444
00:53:53,632 --> 00:53:55,632
Yeah, by using Arduino you said that

1445
00:53:55,632 --> 00:53:57,632
-that the development.
-Yeah, but like beyond

1446
00:53:57,632 --> 00:54:01,115
(inaudible) coding and (inaudible).

1447
00:54:01,795 --> 00:54:04,870
(For you), when you use Arduino, you're doing C++.

1448
00:54:04,870 --> 00:54:06,870
So, the question is that,

1449
00:54:06,870 --> 00:54:09,087
unfortunately there's a bunch of people

1450
00:54:09,087 --> 00:54:12,173
who called themselves professional developers

1451
00:54:12,173 --> 00:54:14,173
where not all of them

1452
00:54:14,173 --> 00:54:15,640
are professionals but some of them

1453
00:54:15,640 --> 00:54:17,640
called themselves professional.

1454
00:54:17,640 --> 00:54:19,640
There is this (fellow) Arduino is not a real

1455
00:54:19,640 --> 00:54:21,640
thing so you're not doing (embedded).

1456
00:54:21,640 --> 00:54:23,640
You're doing an (embedded) it's C++.

1457
00:54:23,640 --> 00:54:25,640
So you can actually take it

1458
00:54:25,640 --> 00:54:27,454
out of the Arduino IDM, and use

1459
00:54:27,454 --> 00:54:29,454
the common language you want.

1460
00:54:29,454 --> 00:54:31,454
And there's a bunch of people that use Arduino

1461
00:54:31,454 --> 00:54:33,454
to build actual products.

1462
00:54:33,454 --> 00:54:35,454
Somebody even wrote an article that a few

1463
00:54:35,454 --> 00:54:37,454
maybe a year ago saying that

1464
00:54:37,454 --> 00:54:40,319
they will use an Arduino in industrial equipment.

1465
00:54:40,319 --> 00:54:42,319
And they thought that was (functioning)

1466
00:54:42,319 --> 00:54:44,319
and the people should stop

1467
00:54:44,319 --> 00:54:46,319
in a way considering Arduino,

1468
00:54:46,319 --> 00:54:48,319
just as for providing to,

1469
00:54:48,319 --> 00:54:52,685
because it's kind of stable.

1470
00:54:52,685 --> 00:54:55,119
And one of the advantage of Arduino

1471
00:54:55,119 --> 00:54:58,158
gives you is that

1472
00:54:59,087 --> 00:55:01,087
its productivity.

1473
00:55:01,087 --> 00:55:03,087
It was easy

1474
00:55:03,087 --> 00:55:05,087
because this company (Siemens) made this

1475
00:55:05,087 --> 00:55:07,087
small industrial computer that's

1476
00:55:07,087 --> 00:55:10,147
based on the Intel Galileo

1477
00:55:10,147 --> 00:55:13,230
and they give the documentation,

1478
00:55:13,230 --> 00:55:15,230
so it shows you how to use the official

1479
00:55:15,230 --> 00:55:18,563
Intel IDE for this processor.

1480
00:55:18,563 --> 00:55:20,563
And the set up

1481
00:55:20,563 --> 00:55:22,563
setting up with development environment

1482
00:55:22,563 --> 00:55:25,633
takes the first 20 pages of

1483
00:55:25,633 --> 00:55:28,283
the manual, 20 pages

1484
00:55:28,283 --> 00:55:34,848
of like hard core C language -- literally

1485
00:55:34,848 --> 00:55:37,844
Option B. You take a USB cable.

1486
00:55:37,844 --> 00:55:39,592
You plug it in this thing.

1487
00:55:39,592 --> 00:55:40,911
You download Arduino.

1488
00:55:40,911 --> 00:55:43,816
You select Intel Galileo Generation 2.

1489
00:55:43,816 --> 00:55:46,866
Select the blink. Press the button,

1490
00:55:46,866 --> 00:55:49,603
30 seconds later there it is - easy.

1491
00:55:49,603 --> 00:55:51,923
So the instructions you can write them

1492
00:55:51,923 --> 00:55:53,923
in a fortune cookie in a Chinese restaurant.

1493
00:55:53,923 --> 00:55:55,923
Snap it and then

1494
00:55:55,923 --> 00:55:57,923
the instructions are on the fortune cookie, you know.

1495
00:55:57,923 --> 00:56:00,489
So to me that was very important

1496
00:56:00,489 --> 00:56:02,289
because I know a lot of people

1497
00:56:02,289 --> 00:56:03,838
who develop software

1498
00:56:03,838 --> 00:56:05,502
they goes in to industries.

1499
00:56:05,502 --> 00:56:07,502
They run companies

1500
00:56:07,502 --> 00:56:09,502
and they have been here doing software

1501
00:56:09,502 --> 00:56:11,502
in different ways and they will have

1502
00:56:11,502 --> 00:56:14,631
a lot of – they would waste a lot of time,

1503
00:56:14,631 --> 00:56:16,631
trying to learn and try to development

1504
00:56:16,631 --> 00:56:18,631
many kind of, you know, old style.

1505
00:56:18,631 --> 00:56:20,631
While Arduino allows them

1506
00:56:20,631 --> 00:56:23,497
to be productive today, you know.

1507
00:56:24,741 --> 00:56:26,925
So one of the things,

1508
00:56:26,925 --> 00:56:28,925
obviously you want to do is,

1509
00:56:30,799 --> 00:56:32,570
because I'm talking at the arm

1510
00:56:32,570 --> 00:56:35,793
based Arduinos or the Intel based Arduino,

1511
00:56:35,793 --> 00:56:37,793
because they are more powerful.

1512
00:56:37,793 --> 00:56:39,793
Also the industry thing is that,

1513
00:56:39,793 --> 00:56:42,586
if you start with Arduino and you make an (inaudible).

1514
00:56:42,586 --> 00:56:46,966
If you look at the place

1515
00:56:46,966 --> 00:56:48,966
where you keep your sketch,

1516
00:56:48,966 --> 00:56:51,491
Arduino converts the code into

1517
00:56:51,491 --> 00:56:53,491
full blown C++

1518
00:56:53,491 --> 00:56:55,177
and then compiles it.

1519
00:56:55,177 --> 00:56:57,327
And you can even keep the assembly language

1520
00:56:57,327 --> 00:56:59,142
that was compiled.

1521
00:56:59,142 --> 00:57:01,142
So if you want, you can use the Arduino code

1522
00:57:01,142 --> 00:57:03,939
to see from the function

1523
00:57:03,939 --> 00:57:05,939
to the binary.

1524
00:57:05,939 --> 00:57:08,104
And then you can open the source code

1525
00:57:08,104 --> 00:57:10,104
and go those are DigitalWrite.

1526
00:57:10,104 --> 00:57:12,104
Okay, good. Let's look at

1527
00:57:12,104 --> 00:57:14,422
what DigitalWrite does.

1528
00:57:14,422 --> 00:57:17,180
And by looking at the source code,

1529
00:57:17,180 --> 00:57:20,209
you can then go back and understand

1530
00:57:20,209 --> 00:57:22,209
every single thing that's happening

1531
00:57:22,209 --> 00:57:24,209
to the code down

1532
00:57:24,209 --> 00:57:26,209
to the (metal),

1533
00:57:26,209 --> 00:57:28,209
which is something that you might not

1534
00:57:28,209 --> 00:57:30,209
be able to do without tools because

1535
00:57:30,209 --> 00:57:32,209
they don't know the source or

1536
00:57:32,209 --> 00:57:34,209
the source is insane.

1537
00:57:34,209 --> 00:57:36,461
This may go back in median files.

1538
00:57:38,020 --> 00:57:40,020
So in a lot of schools, they use

1539
00:57:40,020 --> 00:57:42,020
Arduino to teach and make the development

1540
00:57:42,020 --> 00:57:44,188
because if you look at the (APIs),

1541
00:57:44,188 --> 00:57:46,188
the code is so steeple

1542
00:57:46,188 --> 00:57:48,324
that a bachelor student

1543
00:57:48,324 --> 00:57:50,324
can learn everything in a few days

1544
00:57:50,324 --> 00:57:52,592
from high level to

1545
00:57:52,592 --> 00:57:55,448
what happens in the processors.

1546
00:57:55,448 --> 00:58:00,673
So, I think you can make more comp

1547
00:58:00,673 --> 00:58:02,673
make use of more complex Arduino

1548
00:58:02,673 --> 00:58:04,673
where you can use Arduino in a way to

1549
00:58:04,673 --> 00:58:06,924
move to more complicated.

1550
00:58:13,772 --> 00:58:15,772
Oh, question?

1551
00:58:15,772 --> 00:58:17,772
Hi, (I'm Donna). I'm living in here.

1552
00:58:17,772 --> 00:58:19,772
I guess my question is,

1553
00:58:19,772 --> 00:58:21,772
do you have anything to say

1554
00:58:21,772 --> 00:58:23,772
to people who do not appreciate

1555
00:58:23,772 --> 00:58:25,772
the open source culture as much?

1556
00:58:27,662 --> 00:58:29,662
Well,

1557
00:58:29,662 --> 00:58:31,895
I think the people who don't appreciate

1558
00:58:31,895 --> 00:58:33,895
the open source culture

1559
00:58:33,895 --> 00:58:35,895
are becoming less and less.

1560
00:58:35,895 --> 00:58:38,307
And the biggest example to me

1561
00:58:38,307 --> 00:58:40,307
is Microsoft.

1562
00:58:40,307 --> 00:58:42,307
So Microsoft used to be

1563
00:58:42,307 --> 00:58:44,307
officially from the Excel side

1564
00:58:44,307 --> 00:58:46,657
their worst enemy of open source.

1565
00:58:46,657 --> 00:58:48,657
That is the famous Halloween (memo)

1566
00:58:48,657 --> 00:58:50,574
that Gates wrote that's like it makes

1567
00:58:50,574 --> 00:58:52,574
the history of open source.

1568
00:58:52,574 --> 00:58:56,573
And now, I worked with Microsoft.

1569
00:58:56,573 --> 00:58:59,907
They are completely different.

1570
00:58:59,907 --> 00:59:01,907
Now they completely

1571
00:59:01,907 --> 00:59:05,575
they are so sold on their open source concept

1572
00:59:05,575 --> 00:59:07,575
that they say, to me they're now they are

1573
00:59:07,575 --> 00:59:09,575
in open source company.

1574
00:59:09,575 --> 00:59:11,575
They are then selecting big sites

1575
00:59:11,575 --> 00:59:13,391
to protect the source code.

1576
00:59:13,391 --> 00:59:14,941
Before there were a proprietary company,

1577
00:59:14,941 --> 00:59:16,311
selectively releasing.

1578
00:59:16,311 --> 00:59:18,092
They even shutdown the open source

1579
00:59:18,092 --> 00:59:19,713
group they had because now,

1580
00:59:19,713 --> 00:59:21,713
they don't need a separate open source code.

1581
00:59:21,713 --> 00:59:23,713
Every team

1582
00:59:23,713 --> 00:59:25,713
I worked with, releases code.

1583
00:59:25,713 --> 00:59:27,713
They release the code for everything,

1584
00:59:27,713 --> 00:59:30,444
you know, for .net or - so in a way

1585
00:59:30,444 --> 00:59:31,961
that's obviously they don't release

1586
00:59:31,961 --> 00:59:33,961
the code for everything.

1587
00:59:34,394 --> 00:59:37,106
But they're, you know, they made

1588
00:59:37,106 --> 00:59:39,106
a huge transformation because

1589
00:59:39,106 --> 00:59:41,106
this thing, the multiplication,

1590
00:59:41,106 --> 00:59:43,921
the value multiplies with the open source.

1591
00:59:43,921 --> 00:59:46,716
Last year we participated

1592
00:59:46,716 --> 00:59:48,716
in a study that people were making

1593
00:59:48,716 --> 00:59:51,599
about Internet of Things developers.

1594
00:59:51,599 --> 00:59:53,599
And this survey

1595
00:59:53,599 --> 00:59:55,085
was like a worldwide survey

1596
00:59:55,085 --> 00:59:57,085
of thousands of developers.

1597
00:59:57,511 --> 00:59:59,715
And they estimated that there were

1598
00:59:59,715 --> 01:00:03,125
4.5 million people in the world that defined themselves

1599
01:00:03,282 --> 01:00:05,053
as IoT developers

1600
01:00:05,582 --> 01:00:06,789
And they defined it,

1601
01:00:07,504 --> 01:00:11,846
around 80% of them says that,

1602
01:00:12,847 --> 01:00:14,847
either they would only work with open source

1603
01:00:14,962 --> 01:00:16,962
or they only work with open source tools

1604
01:00:17,062 --> 01:00:18,904
or they even, you know,

1605
01:00:19,061 --> 01:00:21,953
imagine to open source part of their technology.

1606
01:00:22,110 --> 01:00:24,110
So in a way right now,

1607
01:00:24,840 --> 01:00:27,874
any say company knows that

1608
01:00:27,960 --> 01:00:29,960
in order to convince developers

1609
01:00:30,046 --> 01:00:31,365
to use your technology,

1610
01:00:31,437 --> 01:00:33,249
you have to make the open source.

1611
01:00:35,466 --> 01:00:37,731
Even in US to make the (inaudible) knowledge

1612
01:00:37,788 --> 01:00:39,904
of (inaudible) so back in the days

1613
01:00:40,605 --> 01:00:41,437
like there was this company

1614
01:00:41,437 --> 01:00:43,741
Broadcom that was making this Wi-Fi module

1615
01:00:43,770 --> 01:00:48,314
that were (inaudible), you know.

1616
01:00:48,323 --> 01:00:50,560
Probably some of the best Wi-Fi chips

1617
01:00:50,803 --> 01:00:53,844
but in documentation it was impossible to get.

1618
01:00:54,330 --> 01:00:55,885
Then they sold this kind of

1619
01:00:57,030 --> 01:00:58,157
(inaudible) to Cypress

1620
01:00:58,186 --> 01:01:00,258
and one of the first thing the Cypress gave was to

1621
01:01:00,272 --> 01:01:03,204
open all the documentation and put (your light).

1622
01:01:04,034 --> 01:01:07,667
And, you know, openness of information

1623
01:01:07,696 --> 01:01:08,741
open source

1624
01:01:10,243 --> 01:01:12,428
clearly multiplies the value of

1625
01:01:12,442 --> 01:01:13,326
whatever you call it.

1626
01:01:14,284 --> 01:01:15,159
If you are doing

1627
01:01:16,304 --> 01:01:17,065
and

1628
01:01:18,567 --> 01:01:20,128
I think there's less and less people

1629
01:01:20,171 --> 01:01:21,829
they can defend

1630
01:01:22,473 --> 01:01:24,069
not to be the open source.

1631
01:01:24,069 --> 01:01:26,842
Clearly there are situations when you should keep some code,

1632
01:01:26,921 --> 01:01:27,658
not open.

1633
01:01:28,640 --> 01:01:29,802
Because I – we have to be

1634
01:01:30,306 --> 01:01:33,795
an expert and admit that open source community

1635
01:01:34,573 --> 01:01:36,071
it is not always

1636
01:01:36,770 --> 01:01:38,415
not always everybody plays

1637
01:01:38,981 --> 01:01:40,519
a fair game.

1638
01:01:41,359 --> 01:01:42,476
There's a lot of people that

1639
01:01:42,909 --> 01:01:44,258
there are basically

1640
01:01:44,559 --> 01:01:46,875
they take from the open source community

1641
01:01:46,946 --> 01:01:48,946
but they don't give anything back.

1642
01:01:49,989 --> 01:01:51,989
Like the people who are making this

1643
01:01:52,387 --> 01:01:54,387
you know, compatible Arduino boards.

1644
01:01:55,519 --> 01:01:56,394
And they're making

1645
01:01:57,137 --> 01:01:59,251
hundreds of thousands of them.

1646
01:02:00,082 --> 01:02:02,461
They are using all the work that we did

1647
01:02:03,151 --> 01:02:05,338
and they don't contribute anything back.

1648
01:02:06,753 --> 01:02:07,962
And if you email them and say,

1649
01:02:08,183 --> 01:02:10,033
“Okay, you're copying Arduino."

1650
01:02:10,033 --> 01:02:11,715
"Can you at least put the files"

1651
01:02:12,413 --> 01:02:13,962
"for the board online?”

1652
01:02:14,563 --> 01:02:16,438
Sometimes there are even provide to you,

1653
01:02:16,535 --> 01:02:18,348
sometimes they'll tell you, you know, get lost.

1654
01:02:19,038 --> 01:02:20,976
So clearly there is a problem right now

1655
01:02:20,976 --> 01:02:23,752
in the open source world that

1656
01:02:26,418 --> 01:02:30,262
there's a lot of people that are more playing safe.

1657
01:02:30,271 --> 01:02:33,323
They are taking from all of us,

1658
01:02:33,915 --> 01:02:35,220
they're also taking money

1659
01:02:35,917 --> 01:02:37,917
but they're not either giving back

1660
01:02:39,403 --> 01:02:40,621
(software) work

1661
01:02:41,099 --> 01:02:43,099
or they're not giving back money.

1662
01:02:44,408 --> 01:02:47,411
So that's one issue we have in that open source world right now

1663
01:02:47,411 --> 01:02:51,105
is to remind people that open source work

1664
01:02:51,105 --> 01:02:52,201
if we both share.

1665
01:02:53,165 --> 01:02:55,165
If only one shares and the other one write

1666
01:02:55,174 --> 01:02:57,174
I mean, or cashes the money,

1667
01:02:57,866 --> 01:02:58,606
you know,

1668
01:02:59,110 --> 01:03:00,082
it doesn't work.

1669
01:03:03,955 --> 01:03:04,441
Yes?

1670
01:03:04,714 --> 01:03:06,980
I'd like to know the role of Arduino right?

1671
01:03:07,007 --> 01:03:08,646
I mean, today is okay,

1672
01:03:08,938 --> 01:03:10,011
you don't really (weary) where you started

1673
01:03:10,011 --> 01:03:11,647
from the time of graduating

1674
01:03:11,682 --> 01:03:14,237
or studying something happening

1675
01:03:14,237 --> 01:03:16,237
became dream of people in the night?

1676
01:03:16,918 --> 01:03:19,649
No, no. It took many, many years.

1677
01:03:20,908 --> 01:03:23,395
At the beginning I think,

1678
01:03:24,376 --> 01:03:28,490
me and my co-founder David Cuartielles,

1679
01:03:28,517 --> 01:03:32,090
we put the grand total of 700 euros,

1680
01:03:33,248 --> 01:03:35,311
which will probably like a thousand dollar

1681
01:03:35,338 --> 01:03:37,807
to buy one

1682
01:03:38,523 --> 01:03:41,814
a few - 300 PCBs

1683
01:03:42,202 --> 01:03:44,549
that people could use to assemble their own Arduino.

1684
01:03:45,849 --> 01:03:46,584
And then

1685
01:03:47,795 --> 01:03:49,257
after while we kind of have

1686
01:03:49,681 --> 01:03:55,166
some money together to build 100 USB Arduinos fully mounted

1687
01:03:55,996 --> 01:03:58,272
and it was very (slow) at the beginning,

1688
01:03:58,369 --> 01:03:59,846
you know, it's slowly.

1689
01:04:00,332 --> 01:04:02,888
We spent a lot of time explaining to people

1690
01:04:02,897 --> 01:04:04,454
what Arduino was

1691
01:04:05,506 --> 01:04:07,506
and so it was very gradual.

1692
01:04:11,044 --> 01:04:14,024
So I remember that in 2006

1693
01:04:14,458 --> 01:04:17,207
when we sold the first 10,000 Arduino,

1694
01:04:17,251 --> 01:04:20,088
made an – wrote an article on it,

1695
01:04:20,486 --> 01:04:22,673
because it was like a big news.

1696
01:04:22,708 --> 01:04:25,017
Even maker community in 2006

1697
01:04:25,565 --> 01:04:28,866
somebody selling 10,000 units

1698
01:04:29,529 --> 01:04:31,809
was like, you know, when Apple makes the MAC book

1699
01:04:31,914 --> 01:04:34,146
it was, oh my, god 10,000 units.

1700
01:04:35,119 --> 01:04:37,340
So it was very, very, very slow.

1701
01:04:38,313 --> 01:04:40,922
And it required a lot of work from our pipeline.

1702
01:04:40,922 --> 01:04:44,382
At the beginning, we spent and stay amount

1703
01:04:44,417 --> 01:04:45,360
going around Europe

1704
01:04:45,936 --> 01:04:48,194
convincing people to use Arduino,

1705
01:04:48,194 --> 01:04:50,194
teaching free workshops, you know,

1706
01:04:50,875 --> 01:04:52,646
speaking on somebody's floor

1707
01:04:54,114 --> 01:04:55,302
and doing those kind of stuff

1708
01:04:55,373 --> 01:04:58,380
to get people to adopt Arduino.

1709
01:05:01,102 --> 01:05:02,330
And working on the website

1710
01:05:02,374 --> 01:05:04,507
to make the documentation accessible.

1711
01:05:05,148 --> 01:05:06,165
And then slowly,

1712
01:05:06,729 --> 01:05:08,585
some people start to use Arduino,

1713
01:05:08,640 --> 01:05:10,449
they start to build good projects.

1714
01:05:10,814 --> 01:05:13,137
It's not to share the fact that they use Arduino

1715
01:05:13,205 --> 01:05:14,336
to build those projects

1716
01:05:14,347 --> 01:05:16,347
and the people say, “Oh, wow. What's Arduino?”

1717
01:05:16,381 --> 01:05:19,678
And then it got a multiplying effect.

1718
01:05:22,865 --> 01:05:23,524
So,

1719
01:05:25,805 --> 01:05:27,484
you know, now it's 11 years

1720
01:05:27,484 --> 01:05:29,484
that we have released Arduino.

1721
01:05:29,501 --> 01:05:30,372
And so

1722
01:05:31,577 --> 01:05:33,429
it takes a few years

1723
01:05:33,429 --> 01:05:35,429
and at the beginning they were a lot of people,

1724
01:05:35,452 --> 01:05:37,362
they're like, why are you doing this?

1725
01:05:37,373 --> 01:05:38,075
this is stupid.

1726
01:05:38,642 --> 01:05:39,673
So

1727
01:05:41,513 --> 01:05:44,126
but if the people who are doing that professional development.

1728
01:05:44,828 --> 01:05:46,253
They're like – we know this is stupid

1729
01:05:46,344 --> 01:05:48,492
why you're wasting your time with this?

1730
01:05:50,083 --> 01:05:50,465
Yes?

1731
01:05:50,539 --> 01:05:53,588
Are you saying completely aware of the electronic

1732
01:05:53,622 --> 01:05:55,622
potency we've seen on the internet

1733
01:05:55,690 --> 01:05:57,690
when you came across the designer?

1734
01:05:58,324 --> 01:06:00,324
They feel (inaudible).

1735
01:06:00,539 --> 01:06:03,082
Yes. There's a lot of projects in that area.

1736
01:06:03,156 --> 01:06:05,630
That's actually a product called Arduino (MKR)

1737
01:06:05,625 --> 01:06:08,275
-that the people deals a lot for that.
-We believe in (pipeline)

1738
01:06:08,332 --> 01:06:11,309
anything that goes (inaudible) to impress you in any way.

1739
01:06:13,391 --> 01:06:15,510
There's a lot of nice projects that are based on

1740
01:06:15,510 --> 01:06:18,362
like turning, maybe closing into light displays

1741
01:06:18,509 --> 01:06:21,390
or using them as sensor to make music or stuff.

1742
01:06:21,843 --> 01:06:24,008
I mean, there's a nice – a lot of nice things like that.

1743
01:06:24,251 --> 01:06:27,293
But there was fashion designer from Milan.

1744
01:06:27,287 --> 01:06:29,219
She made this corsett

1745
01:06:29,242 --> 01:06:30,463
that uses

1746
01:06:31,295 --> 01:06:32,532
(inaudible)

1747
01:06:32,560 --> 01:06:35,897
it's like a special metal that contract and expand.

1748
01:06:36,152 --> 01:06:39,758
So that this kind of the corsett expands and contracts,

1749
01:06:40,544 --> 01:06:42,544
teaching you how to breathe properly

1750
01:06:43,687 --> 01:06:45,687
or it uses sensors

1751
01:06:45,801 --> 01:06:48,494
to gather like air quality and stuff like that

1752
01:06:48,571 --> 01:06:49,687
and is going to use that

1753
01:06:49,823 --> 01:06:50,889
so they're (inaudible).

1754
01:06:50,901 --> 01:06:52,901
So (inaudible) because that they're

1755
01:06:53,286 --> 01:06:55,615
the concept was going to strain data,

1756
01:06:56,237 --> 01:06:57,146
but it was also kind of

1757
01:06:57,169 --> 01:06:59,169
ng you how to breathe properly.

1758
01:06:59,628 --> 01:07:02,002
So there are some interesting projects

1759
01:07:02,280 --> 01:07:03,084
like that.

1760
01:07:03,452 --> 01:07:04,919
I think right now

1761
01:07:05,293 --> 01:07:06,834
the problem is that

1762
01:07:07,462 --> 01:07:10,320
their technology is still a little bit rudimentary.

1763
01:07:10,914 --> 01:07:13,372
So this process about various people

1764
01:07:13,824 --> 01:07:15,762
there is not a lot of

1765
01:07:16,487 --> 01:07:18,198
a lot of projects are

1766
01:07:19,596 --> 01:07:22,017
made with like connecting and updating it

1767
01:07:22,051 --> 01:07:23,200
to a lot of means

1768
01:07:23,639 --> 01:07:25,685
and they build it up flashing in your face.

1769
01:07:27,120 --> 01:07:29,733
So I wouldn't really define that as spectrum.

1770
01:07:30,851 --> 01:07:32,629
This kind of, you know, they’re kind of techie.

1771
01:07:33,433 --> 01:07:35,236
There's no like in the real work

1772
01:07:36,699 --> 01:07:39,608
to use that impression properly.

1773
01:07:39,608 --> 01:07:41,878
So there still a lot of work to do also on the tools.

1774
01:07:41,948 --> 01:07:44,253
The tools that have been too rudimentary

1775
01:07:44,269 --> 01:07:45,135
they're not

1776
01:07:45,597 --> 01:07:46,650
also

1777
01:07:47,729 --> 01:07:49,243
the electronics

1778
01:07:50,465 --> 01:07:51,979


1779
01:07:51,979 --> 01:07:53,554
this mean you cannot already take that clothing

1780
01:07:53,623 --> 01:07:55,623
and put it into the washing machine.

1781
01:07:55,692 --> 01:07:58,364
So, you know, there's still quite a bit of work to do

1782
01:07:58,410 --> 01:08:00,456
to make a next step after

1783
01:08:01,026 --> 01:08:02,601
this generation of products

1784
01:08:03,263 --> 01:08:04,907
which were a brilliant work

1785
01:08:04,946 --> 01:08:08,135
by this woman called (Julia Beacon).

1786
01:08:09,160 --> 01:08:10,881
And (inaudible) with (her) work

1787
01:08:10,881 --> 01:08:12,881
but especially they have the same

1788
01:08:13,844 --> 01:08:16,006
faith in re-progressing, of that.

1789
01:08:18,578 --> 01:08:18,934
Yes.

1790
01:08:19,595 --> 01:08:20,206
Oh yeah, you.

1791
01:08:20,876 --> 01:08:21,925
-Hi.
-Hi.

1792
01:08:23,256 --> 01:08:25,256
If you meet somebody who has no

1793
01:08:25,493 --> 01:08:27,966
(inaudible) what real. What is he going to (inaudible)?

1794
01:08:28,064 --> 01:08:28,670
Oh wow.

1795
01:08:28,701 --> 01:08:29,337
Yes

1796
01:08:29,337 --> 01:08:31,160
it's another thing that I should

1797
01:08:32,439 --> 01:08:34,001
well, you know, to me

1798
01:08:35,688 --> 01:08:37,776
Arduino is a tool

1799
01:08:37,776 --> 01:08:39,522
that allows people to use electronic

1800
01:08:39,545 --> 01:08:41,019
as a creative means.

1801
01:08:41,566 --> 01:08:42,978
So maybe it's a little bit too

1802
01:08:43,509 --> 01:08:44,425
but in a way you know,

1803
01:08:45,033 --> 01:08:46,499
if it allows people

1804
01:08:46,514 --> 01:08:47,544
with no backgrounds

1805
01:08:47,689 --> 01:08:49,326
in electronics software

1806
01:08:49,564 --> 01:08:51,265
to be able to use electronics

1807
01:08:51,502 --> 01:08:53,087
to be creative anyhow.

1808
01:08:53,881 --> 01:08:55,011
And so,

1809
01:08:56,267 --> 01:08:58,390
I never really perfected

1810
01:08:58,390 --> 01:09:00,319
a better electrical (pitch)

1811
01:09:00,366 --> 01:09:03,067
because people also use Arduino

1812
01:09:03,104 --> 01:09:04,586
for all sorts of different things

1813
01:09:04,586 --> 01:09:07,294
so my generic elevator of pitch

1814
01:09:07,340 --> 01:09:09,573
sometime they don't apply to what they do.

1815
01:09:09,715 --> 01:09:11,947
So depending on who I talk to,

1816
01:09:12,462 --> 01:09:13,292
I gave them

1817
01:09:13,292 --> 01:09:16,421
I give them a different interpretation.

1818
01:09:17,261 --> 01:09:19,161
But to me it's a tool that enables people

1819
01:09:19,161 --> 01:09:22,066
with no background in electronics

1820
01:09:22,127 --> 01:09:24,986
or programming to use electronics

1821
01:09:24,986 --> 01:09:28,242
to be creative and innovative.

1822
01:09:29,305 --> 01:09:31,305
That's like a generic pitch.

1823
01:09:34,024 --> 01:09:34,452
Yes.

1824
01:09:35,191 --> 01:09:37,191
We often see a lot (projects) that

1825
01:09:37,214 --> 01:09:39,644
are amazing, that I believe.

1826
01:09:39,644 --> 01:09:41,853
But how about – can you tell us a project

1827
01:09:41,853 --> 01:09:43,707
that you’ve done yourself

1828
01:09:43,745 --> 01:09:44,649
that you're very proud of,

1829
01:09:44,741 --> 01:09:46,741
that is very significant to you?

1830
01:09:47,095 --> 01:09:49,095
Oh, wow. Yeah.

1831
01:09:51,337 --> 01:09:52,649
It hits me.

1832
01:09:54,967 --> 01:09:56,348
I have a strange relationship

1833
01:09:56,388 --> 01:09:57,995
with projects that (give light).

1834
01:09:58,871 --> 01:10:01,953
So when I stopped teaching in Ivrea,

1835
01:10:02,177 --> 01:10:03,133
because the school closed.

1836
01:10:05,537 --> 01:10:07,462
And before Arduino was able to give me

1837
01:10:07,462 --> 01:10:10,175
enough money to make a living,

1838
01:10:10,399 --> 01:10:11,760
I did a lot of projects.

1839
01:10:11,837 --> 01:10:14,278
I was working a lot in exhibition design

1840
01:10:14,679 --> 01:10:15,338
in Milan.

1841
01:10:15,800 --> 01:10:17,136
And so in Milan

1842
01:10:17,136 --> 01:10:19,500
there was a number of events

1843
01:10:19,863 --> 01:10:23,264
where people build these traditions of different kinds.

1844
01:10:23,279 --> 01:10:26,153
So I was building a lot of those kind of interacting exhibition.

1845
01:10:29,678 --> 01:10:32,686
So that's when I did like the most projects.

1846
01:10:32,817 --> 01:10:35,962
Then there's a number of things

1847
01:10:35,962 --> 01:10:38,479
I did with my students.

1848
01:10:39,850 --> 01:10:40,382
So in a way now,

1849
01:10:40,421 --> 01:10:41,890
I did – as new project

1850
01:10:41,890 --> 01:10:43,890
that are mostly for me or for work

1851
01:10:43,890 --> 01:10:45,890
or understanding was needed.

1852
01:10:46,668 --> 01:10:48,483
I think one of the interesting project I did

1853
01:10:48,622 --> 01:10:51,313
back in the days when we were drafting Arduino,

1854
01:10:51,313 --> 01:10:53,005
that with one of my friends

1855
01:10:53,205 --> 01:10:55,205
who was a student back then.

1856
01:10:55,351 --> 01:10:57,074
We developed the wallpaper.

1857
01:10:57,328 --> 01:10:58,832
They can work as a display.

1858
01:10:59,425 --> 01:11:00,913
So there – a wallpaper,

1859
01:11:01,067 --> 01:11:03,714
it's like a space – this was (a display).

1860
01:11:04,392 --> 01:11:06,392
So especially imagine there was a wall,

1861
01:11:06,392 --> 01:11:08,515
it was like 4 meter by 2 meter

1862
01:11:09,077 --> 01:11:10,417
covered in wallpaper.

1863
01:11:10,779 --> 01:11:11,258
But then,

1864
01:11:12,098 --> 01:11:15,074
you could turn the paper from black to white

1865
01:11:15,829 --> 01:11:17,510
and they were every pieces,

1866
01:11:17,510 --> 01:11:19,510
it was like 50 – yeah,

1867
01:11:20,257 --> 01:11:22,715
like 5 centimeters basically

1868
01:11:22,715 --> 01:11:24,119
and you could use it as a display.

1869
01:11:24,204 --> 01:11:25,515
You could write things on the wall.

1870
01:11:25,553 --> 01:11:28,263
And we developed that for Prada

1871
01:11:29,203 --> 01:11:32,846
for their store in Beverly Hills.

1872
01:11:33,755 --> 01:11:35,461
Well, we developed it as

1873
01:11:35,877 --> 01:11:38,505
this is product of the student value (that you will see)

1874
01:11:39,187 --> 01:11:40,929
and then after that they showed it to Prada,

1875
01:11:40,960 --> 01:11:42,575
Prada gave us money to develop it.

1876
01:11:43,191 --> 01:11:43,776
Then in the end

1877
01:11:43,784 --> 01:11:45,444
they didn’t put it into the store

1878
01:11:47,362 --> 01:11:50,751
but this - you had a 4 meter by 2 meter

1879
01:11:51,136 --> 01:11:53,278
prototype and we (inaudible) all of control.

1880
01:11:53,640 --> 01:11:55,532
And one of the application was that

1881
01:11:55,586 --> 01:11:57,286
people will send you a text message

1882
01:11:57,640 --> 01:12:00,254
and it say Arduino was to read the text message

1883
01:12:00,587 --> 01:12:02,260
and display on their wallpaper

1884
01:12:03,132 --> 01:12:05,132
as a big gigantic message.

1885
01:12:06,158 --> 01:12:07,254
That one was a

1886
01:12:09,979 --> 01:12:11,361
that one was a

1887
01:12:11,402 --> 01:12:14,329
I have – we – that we worked on it a lot to develop

1888
01:12:14,329 --> 01:12:16,572
those technology to be able to control (the pixels)

1889
01:12:16,594 --> 01:12:18,754
and that we did a lot of work on that.

1890
01:12:21,082 --> 01:12:21,445
Yes?

1891
01:12:22,102 --> 01:12:24,102
You are (Arduino), what was your

1892
01:12:24,952 --> 01:12:27,545
to drivers into entrepreneur to maybe

1893
01:12:27,545 --> 01:12:29,545
make idea to a reality?

1894
01:12:29,629 --> 01:12:31,629
And what is your advice on that (issue)?

1895
01:12:31,771 --> 01:12:33,771
Young entrepreneur.

1896
01:12:35,450 --> 01:12:38,000
When we – when I started working on Arduino,

1897
01:12:38,000 --> 01:12:41,840
essentially I joined this design school.

1898
01:12:42,285 --> 01:12:43,562
And I was teaching students

1899
01:12:43,580 --> 01:12:44,840
how to use electronics.

1900
01:12:45,070 --> 01:12:46,856
And the tools were kind of, you know,

1901
01:12:47,246 --> 01:12:49,246
even if they only work on Windows,

1902
01:12:49,916 --> 01:12:51,916
they were expensive.

1903
01:12:55,070 --> 01:12:57,070
And also there was this problem that

1904
01:12:58,191 --> 01:13:00,191
we use the (board) with a basic stack

1905
01:13:00,268 --> 01:13:01,849
which was a genius idea

1906
01:13:01,849 --> 01:13:02,685
when it came out

1907
01:13:02,745 --> 01:13:03,934
but the problem was that

1908
01:13:04,286 --> 01:13:05,787
bought tickets from the US,

1909
01:13:05,897 --> 01:13:07,089
go to view this everything.

1910
01:13:07,545 --> 01:13:09,050
It will be something that would

1911
01:13:09,462 --> 01:13:11,953
be less powerful than an Arduino mini.

1912
01:13:12,689 --> 01:13:14,166
It cost us $100.

1913
01:13:15,858 --> 01:13:17,111
And for that time

1914
01:13:17,111 --> 01:13:18,666
it was considered a fairly cheap

1915
01:13:19,122 --> 01:13:20,336
piece of artwork

1916
01:13:20,479 --> 01:13:22,248
because everything else that need

1917
01:13:22,413 --> 01:13:23,860
kind of better development

1918
01:13:23,860 --> 01:13:25,152
was much more expensive.

1919
01:13:26,366 --> 01:13:27,444
So the problem was that

1920
01:13:27,483 --> 01:13:29,345
if a student buys something

1921
01:13:29,373 --> 01:13:31,098
that costs $100.

1922
01:13:31,664 --> 01:13:32,364
They're not going to make

1923
01:13:32,364 --> 01:13:33,558
a lot of prototypes

1924
01:13:33,558 --> 01:13:35,361
because it going to be costly – they’re afraid of

1925
01:13:35,393 --> 01:13:36,242
blowing things up.

1926
01:13:37,077 --> 01:13:38,528
And especially don’t do prototypes

1927
01:13:38,577 --> 01:13:40,037
and they're afraid, they don't make it

1928
01:13:40,136 --> 01:13:42,434
because the only way to have a good idea

1929
01:13:42,434 --> 01:13:45,187
is to have 99 shitty ideas

1930
01:13:45,698 --> 01:13:46,887
and then suddenly like

1931
01:13:46,920 --> 01:13:48,920
idea number 100 and oh, wow!

1932
01:13:48,920 --> 01:13:49,506
This is good.

1933
01:13:50,292 --> 01:13:50,911
But

1934
01:13:51,296 --> 01:13:52,861
it's not like you wake up in the morning

1935
01:13:52,861 --> 01:13:54,355
and the first idea is good.

1936
01:13:54,355 --> 01:13:58,282
You have to go through the 99 crap ideas

1937
01:13:58,503 --> 01:14:00,841
in order to get to number 100.

1938
01:14:00,976 --> 01:14:02,740
So you need to make a lot of prototypes.

1939
01:14:02,762 --> 01:14:03,911
So you need to be unafraid

1940
01:14:04,388 --> 01:14:05,449
of blowing things up.

1941
01:14:05,915 --> 01:14:08,366
You need to be in a position that you feel

1942
01:14:08,366 --> 01:14:09,801
you can fix those, so that it's (true).

1943
01:14:09,829 --> 01:14:11,829
So that's why you are doing those elastic chips

1944
01:14:11,852 --> 01:14:12,797
that you can replace.

1945
01:14:13,848 --> 01:14:14,891
So we started to

1946
01:14:14,891 --> 01:14:16,891
I started to build tools for my students

1947
01:14:16,914 --> 01:14:19,020
first with the big chips

1948
01:14:19,413 --> 01:14:21,622
and (inaudible) and the students did the thesis

1949
01:14:21,729 --> 01:14:24,316
where we started using the (AVRs).

1950
01:14:24,361 --> 01:14:26,361
And then we developed like

1951
01:14:26,361 --> 01:14:28,361
like the part of the

1952
01:14:28,507 --> 01:14:29,251
part of their

1953
01:14:29,527 --> 01:14:31,527
some of the commands in Arduino.

1954
01:14:32,004 --> 01:14:33,586
Then we made I believe

1955
01:14:33,586 --> 01:14:34,830
so in a way, it was kind of a

1956
01:14:35,195 --> 01:14:35,672
we did

1957
01:14:35,672 --> 01:14:38,121
there was an identifiable problem.

1958
01:14:39,087 --> 01:14:42,513
The identifiable problem was not immediately

1959
01:14:42,558 --> 01:14:44,558
there's belief there's something that could make money.

1960
01:14:46,260 --> 01:14:48,046
So, sometimes when you try to create

1961
01:14:48,153 --> 01:14:49,210
something successful.

1962
01:14:51,519 --> 01:14:53,684
You have to define the problem

1963
01:14:54,222 --> 01:14:57,135
try to kind of work toward solving that problem.

1964
01:14:57,702 --> 01:14:58,082
But

1965
01:14:59,301 --> 01:15:01,301
don't be limited by the fact that,

1966
01:15:01,363 --> 01:15:03,363
now you cannot make money

1967
01:15:04,925 --> 01:15:05,867
because

1968
01:15:06,946 --> 01:15:08,297
back in those days,

1969
01:15:08,892 --> 01:15:10,892
there was a perception that it was not

1970
01:15:10,982 --> 01:15:12,982
money to be made with Arduino

1971
01:15:13,482 --> 01:15:16,727
because professional developers thought

1972
01:15:16,739 --> 01:15:18,407
that it wasn’t something they would use.

1973
01:15:19,429 --> 01:15:20,822
Now the issue is,

1974
01:15:21,867 --> 01:15:23,867
if those are not your customers,

1975
01:15:24,288 --> 01:15:25,712
you don't care what they think.

1976
01:15:26,336 --> 01:15:27,724
So they made fun of us.

1977
01:15:27,724 --> 01:15:29,651
And they said that we were stupid

1978
01:15:29,651 --> 01:15:31,342
and we made people stupid

1979
01:15:31,393 --> 01:15:33,006
because Arduino was stupid

1980
01:15:33,180 --> 01:15:35,058
and the examples are we got

1981
01:15:35,058 --> 01:15:37,261
and the web is great because (some states).

1982
01:15:38,344 --> 01:15:40,688
So the people who told me that Arduino

1983
01:15:40,688 --> 01:15:45,298
who was a – baby talk language for Pot heads

1984
01:15:46,241 --> 01:15:47,115
which you know

1985
01:15:47,115 --> 01:15:49,115
because a lot of Americans obviously see

1986
01:15:49,148 --> 01:15:52,033
artists are people who smoke drugs (noh).

1987
01:15:52,165 --> 01:15:54,701
And somebody defined Arduino

1988
01:15:55,426 --> 01:15:59,230
a tool for art is women and painters.

1989
01:16:00,167 --> 01:16:02,754
It was like, what the – you know.

1990
01:16:02,754 --> 01:16:04,264
So there was a lot of

1991
01:16:04,653 --> 01:16:06,540
(let’s call it) racist

1992
01:16:06,533 --> 01:16:08,619
who are making stuff (simple)

1993
01:16:09,008 --> 01:16:11,771
for people and, you know.

1994
01:16:14,060 --> 01:16:15,562
So the professional developers

1995
01:16:15,569 --> 01:16:16,746
thought it was a stupid idea

1996
01:16:16,759 --> 01:16:18,023
but that (was) not the market.

1997
01:16:18,399 --> 01:16:20,524
So then we ended up creating

1998
01:16:21,302 --> 01:16:23,865
millions of people who do embedded development

1999
01:16:24,241 --> 01:16:26,136
that completely outnumber

2000
01:16:26,433 --> 01:16:28,115
the professional developers.

2001
01:16:28,913 --> 01:16:30,913
And now they challenged

2002
01:16:31,829 --> 01:16:32,324
their market

2003
01:16:33,538 --> 01:16:35,538
because some people started to realize that,

2004
01:16:35,538 --> 01:16:36,996
you know, a lot of problems

2005
01:16:37,082 --> 01:16:38,838
can be solved with Arduino.

2006
01:16:38,897 --> 01:16:39,866
you don’t need a

2007
01:16:40,433 --> 01:16:42,433
and so in a way sometimes

2008
01:16:42,644 --> 01:16:44,644
if you are a young entrepreneur

2009
01:16:45,541 --> 01:16:48,002
you should – you should not be

2010
01:16:48,002 --> 01:16:49,715
you should not be limited by the fact that

2011
01:16:49,959 --> 01:16:51,959
the current way of doing something

2012
01:16:51,959 --> 01:16:53,694
tells you that your project

2013
01:16:53,734 --> 01:16:54,685
might not have success

2014
01:16:54,685 --> 01:16:56,369
because maybe you're trying to work

2015
01:16:56,442 --> 01:16:57,984
towards another group of people

2016
01:16:59,096 --> 01:17:00,692
that haven't understood yet

2017
01:17:00,692 --> 01:17:02,447
that their tools is changing their life.

2018
01:17:03,946 --> 01:17:04,416
So

2019
01:17:06,636 --> 01:17:07,979
clearly that requires that

2020
01:17:07,979 --> 01:17:10,029
you maybe have another way to support

2021
01:17:10,029 --> 01:17:13,268
your income while people understand what you do.

2022
01:17:13,814 --> 01:17:15,807
Okay. Can I have last question?

2023
01:17:15,807 --> 01:17:17,224
Oh wow, last question.

2024
01:17:17,335 --> 01:17:19,645
-It’s important now that I (inaudible).
-Very important

2025
01:17:23,736 --> 01:17:25,211
Okay now, I will have

2026
01:17:25,610 --> 01:17:27,171
Last question? Yes?

2027
01:17:27,391 --> 01:17:30,805
Yes, so the question now come

2028
01:17:31,152 --> 01:17:32,258
which relates to business.

2029
01:17:32,258 --> 01:17:34,436
I guess so, I mean okay,

2030
01:17:34,436 --> 01:17:37,282
original having genius create something

2031
01:17:37,765 --> 01:17:39,814
because of your journey,

2032
01:17:39,875 --> 01:17:41,544
in a sense it was not a (inaudible)

2033
01:17:42,872 --> 01:17:44,872
because yeah, well, you know,

2034
01:17:44,872 --> 01:17:46,535
Engineering, cool stuff.

2035
01:17:46,535 --> 01:17:48,535
I mean okay, it's firm, it's working,

2036
01:17:48,552 --> 01:17:50,876
it works well, it works (now)

2037
01:17:51,079 --> 01:17:52,527
there's program that (involves).

2038
01:17:52,663 --> 01:17:55,006
Marketing has a limited different approach.

2039
01:17:55,015 --> 01:17:57,046
You know, it's a bit maybe

2040
01:17:57,071 --> 01:17:59,241
from creativity what you can not say,

2041
01:17:59,241 --> 01:18:03,248
-but why did you (inaudible) is back? 
-Mm hmm.

2042
01:18:03,502 --> 01:18:06,300
Yes, so what was the journey of your team

2043
01:18:06,300 --> 01:18:08,714
particular in this part?

2044
01:18:08,773 --> 01:18:12,731
Well, so it’s serious, you know,

2045
01:18:12,731 --> 01:18:16,176
I have a background in engineering.

2046
01:18:16,445 --> 01:18:18,445
I started electrical engineering

2047
01:18:18,977 --> 01:18:20,977
for then I dropped out university

2048
01:18:20,977 --> 01:18:22,494
so I actually don't have a degree

2049
01:18:23,421 --> 01:18:24,317
which is kind of funny.

2050
01:18:24,317 --> 01:18:25,869
Actually I do have a degree now

2051
01:18:25,903 --> 01:18:28,555
but it’s (inaudible) ceremonial.

2052
01:18:28,614 --> 01:18:29,719
-I have a
-Oh no. No.

2053
01:18:30,000 --> 01:18:31,352
I have a honorary degree

2054
01:18:31,401 --> 01:18:35,422
I have an honorary PhD in English.

2055
01:18:35,434 --> 01:18:38,254
You know, it was a funny getting education.

2056
01:18:38,271 --> 01:18:41,152
But for me, when that happened

2057
01:18:41,819 --> 01:18:42,754
some of my friends were like,

2058
01:18:42,754 --> 01:18:44,754
“Oh no, they didn't give you a....”

2059
01:18:45,053 --> 01:18:45,569
that's what a

2060
01:18:45,569 --> 01:18:47,006
that's exactly this people

2061
01:18:47,006 --> 01:18:48,259
they understood.

2062
01:18:48,710 --> 01:18:50,440
This is not about electronics,

2063
01:18:50,440 --> 01:18:51,632
it's not about software.

2064
01:18:51,736 --> 01:18:55,459
It's about tools for teaching people about

2065
01:18:56,093 --> 01:18:57,773
I was very honored to receive that

2066
01:18:57,773 --> 01:18:58,962
the University of Bath.

2067
01:18:59,681 --> 01:19:01,746
I get to dress like (Andre Diaz).

2068
01:19:01,746 --> 01:19:04,535
It was kind of like an (avid) Harry Potter's situation,

2069
01:19:04,689 --> 01:19:06,689
where you can kind of walk in to the abbey.

2070
01:19:06,982 --> 01:19:08,566
You know, and I was like “Wow!”

2071
01:19:08,827 --> 01:19:10,357
You know, so it’s kind of a weird.

2072
01:19:10,400 --> 01:19:12,400
Well, getting there, I was super honored.

2073
01:19:13,139 --> 01:19:15,570
The other guy who got the honorary degree was saying

2074
01:19:15,570 --> 01:19:18,228
that he was John Cleese

2075
01:19:18,409 --> 01:19:20,537
from, you know, from Monty Python.

2076
01:19:20,521 --> 01:19:22,811
So, that was very good – very cool.

2077
01:19:23,592 --> 01:19:25,079
So apart from me not carrying a degree,

2078
01:19:25,715 --> 01:19:28,344
I did software for a long time

2079
01:19:30,761 --> 01:19:32,414
but I always work with designers.

2080
01:19:32,787 --> 01:19:34,341
And also being from Milan,

2081
01:19:34,357 --> 01:19:36,310
I always kind of had new people

2082
01:19:36,310 --> 01:19:37,707
that were either designers

2083
01:19:37,707 --> 01:19:39,707
or worked as designers,

2084
01:19:40,580 --> 01:19:42,012
I (date) a designer.

2085
01:19:42,128 --> 01:19:43,357
So you know it – in a way that was

2086
01:19:43,671 --> 01:19:44,864
I was in a way

2087
01:19:45,455 --> 01:19:47,795
at the crossroad of being an engineer

2088
01:19:48,221 --> 01:19:50,017
but understanding what designers do,

2089
01:19:50,060 --> 01:19:51,586
appreciating what they do

2090
01:19:53,487 --> 01:19:54,409
and working with them

2091
01:19:54,473 --> 01:19:56,473
because we need – I need a lot of websites

2092
01:19:56,686 --> 01:19:58,686
in my past career

2093
01:19:58,686 --> 01:20:00,814
so I was working with graphics designers.

2094
01:20:02,859 --> 01:20:04,640
So that's why when I went to (Kiev)

2095
01:20:04,699 --> 01:20:07,967
they interview to go to this school in Ivrea.

2096
01:20:09,107 --> 01:20:11,997
And they try to keep asking this quick questions

2097
01:20:12,167 --> 01:20:14,167
to see if I understood about design

2098
01:20:14,209 --> 01:20:15,925
and I was able to, you know,

2099
01:20:15,994 --> 01:20:17,710
to show that I understood

2100
01:20:17,710 --> 01:20:20,052
enough of design to be there.

2101
01:20:20,505 --> 01:20:22,505
So in a way

2102
01:20:27,277 --> 01:20:29,074
this thing was created

2103
01:20:29,138 --> 01:20:31,621
(at least) at the beginning not for in here

2104
01:20:31,621 --> 01:20:34,521
it was never the idea to create this for engineers.

2105
01:20:34,521 --> 01:20:37,619
It’s always for people that are not engineers.

2106
01:20:37,640 --> 01:20:39,640
The engineers already know how to use it, you know.

2107
01:20:40,413 --> 01:20:41,879
They already know how to do stuffs.

2108
01:20:41,879 --> 01:20:42,591
So they don't need

2109
01:20:43,028 --> 01:20:43,888
they didn't

2110
01:20:44,155 --> 01:20:45,150
they don't need Arduino

2111
01:20:45,186 --> 01:20:45,797
barely use it.

2112
01:20:46,798 --> 01:20:47,777
That's how engineers

2113
01:20:47,777 --> 01:20:49,339
they use Arduino in the closet.

2114
01:20:50,505 --> 01:20:51,813
They don't tell their families,

2115
01:20:51,834 --> 01:20:53,145
they don't tell their friends.

2116
01:20:53,145 --> 01:20:54,836
But then they use it

2117
01:20:55,358 --> 01:20:58,740
because my theory that Arduino helps

2118
01:20:58,777 --> 01:21:00,277
makes beginner

2119
01:21:00,277 --> 01:21:01,659
enables beginners

2120
01:21:02,085 --> 01:21:03,587
and speeds up engineers.

2121
01:21:03,592 --> 01:21:05,592
So I know engineers that they use Arduino

2122
01:21:06,002 --> 01:21:08,002
to kind of sketch something very quickly

2123
01:21:09,030 --> 01:21:11,314
and then they – they revealed in some other tool

2124
01:21:11,314 --> 01:21:13,314
they use for work.

2125
01:21:13,314 --> 01:21:14,475
But Arduino needs to speak.

2126
01:21:15,045 --> 01:21:17,200
So to beginners, it gives you simplicity,

2127
01:21:17,269 --> 01:21:19,269
so professionals give us speed.

2128
01:21:20,574 --> 01:21:21,956
So in a way it was

2129
01:21:22,116 --> 01:21:23,875
that was a real thing, you know like it's

2130
01:21:24,099 --> 01:21:26,099
an embedded development tool

2131
01:21:26,307 --> 01:21:27,829
creating the designs

2132
01:21:29,470 --> 01:21:32,441
by technically a guy that never graduated.

2133
01:21:33,223 --> 01:21:37,027
An engineer was also some of kind of anarchist

2134
01:21:37,143 --> 01:21:39,143
ou know, my friend (David Marquez).

2135
01:21:39,676 --> 01:21:42,750
A guy whose degree is in theater like

2136
01:21:43,496 --> 01:21:44,109
(Sigel)

2137
01:21:44,675 --> 01:21:46,724
with features of the ITP before

2138
01:21:46,724 --> 01:21:48,326
learning about, you know,

2139
01:21:48,343 --> 01:21:49,985
going to Masters at NYU.

2140
01:21:50,148 --> 01:21:52,241
He was doing (lighting in theater).

2141
01:21:53,324 --> 01:21:55,324
So, if not

2142
01:21:55,651 --> 01:21:57,651
there was actually group of random people

2143
01:21:57,651 --> 01:21:59,651
with weird ideas.

2144
01:22:00,143 --> 01:22:01,812
So

2145
01:22:01,893 --> 01:22:04,476
I guess – I don’t know if I answered you question.

2146
01:22:04,476 --> 01:22:06,018
More or less...?

2147
01:22:06,018 --> 01:22:07,640
-No, that's your experience, you know.
-Yeah.

2148
01:22:07,654 --> 01:22:09,166
also I have to say, it seems to be

2149
01:22:09,166 --> 01:22:11,166
the use of the word “marketing”.

2150
01:22:11,551 --> 01:22:13,448
Because there are some cases

2151
01:22:13,501 --> 01:22:14,222
when I have to

2152
01:22:14,222 --> 01:22:16,480
when I deal with some, some north,

2153
01:22:16,480 --> 01:22:17,348
some engineers.

2154
01:22:18,078 --> 01:22:20,153
They consider the word “marketing”

2155
01:22:20,153 --> 01:22:21,463
like some kind of an insult.

2156
01:22:21,659 --> 01:22:22,367
Oh yeah.

2157
01:22:22,549 --> 01:22:23,748
These are all marketing.

2158
01:22:23,768 --> 01:22:26,544
It's like stating “Your mother has questionable moral”

2159
01:22:28,261 --> 01:22:29,191
you know, it's

2160
01:22:30,718 --> 01:22:31,706
while effectively,

2161
01:22:32,294 --> 01:22:35,518
the real problem of everything

2162
01:22:35,518 --> 01:22:37,114
that you create in life,

2163
01:22:37,236 --> 01:22:39,236
you said this, nobody knows

2164
01:22:39,236 --> 01:22:40,321
that you are a genius.

2165
01:22:41,236 --> 01:22:43,054
If you are a genius by yourself

2166
01:22:43,108 --> 01:22:45,603
in your room it doesn't help anybody.

2167
01:22:46,346 --> 01:22:47,429
You will be frustrated,

2168
01:22:47,442 --> 01:22:48,738
because if you think you’re a genius

2169
01:22:48,738 --> 01:22:50,420
and nobody understands what you do

2170
01:22:50,791 --> 01:22:51,469
so you

2171
01:22:51,570 --> 01:22:53,478
so you do something that's useful

2172
01:22:53,513 --> 01:22:54,943
that adds to society.

2173
01:22:55,416 --> 01:22:57,335
It is your duty to spend time,

2174
01:22:57,335 --> 01:22:58,812
explaining to people

2175
01:22:59,880 --> 01:23:00,550
what you do.

2176
01:23:00,989 --> 01:23:02,928
And if people don't understand what you do.

2177
01:23:02,996 --> 01:23:04,996
It's not their fault, it's your fault.

2178
01:23:05,442 --> 01:23:07,977
If few people don't understand what you say

2179
01:23:07,977 --> 01:23:08,522
and what you do.

2180
01:23:08,569 --> 01:23:09,506
It's your fault.

2181
01:23:10,735 --> 01:23:11,474
You can not say,

2182
01:23:11,474 --> 01:23:13,474
“Oh, nobody understands I’m a genius.”

2183
01:23:13,474 --> 01:23:17,347
No, you are a bad communicator.

2184
01:23:17,644 --> 01:23:20,796
Nobody understands what you are to society

2185
01:23:21,175 --> 01:23:23,175
because you don't able to explain.

2186
01:23:23,418 --> 01:23:26,108
And then obviously engineers know that’s not it.

2187
01:23:27,790 --> 01:23:28,851
To me it's about,

2188
01:23:29,040 --> 01:23:30,471
you know, if you have ideas

2189
01:23:30,870 --> 01:23:32,093
they need to be communicated.

2190
01:23:32,093 --> 01:23:35,692
You need to convince people to adopt these ideas.

2191
01:23:36,582 --> 01:23:38,412
That's why sometimes people adopt

2192
01:23:38,731 --> 01:23:40,747
stupid ideas because there are people

2193
01:23:40,747 --> 01:23:42,855
that have very little capability to think

2194
01:23:43,262 --> 01:23:45,262
but they’re really good at selling

2195
01:23:46,106 --> 01:23:47,436
their shitty ideas.

2196
01:23:48,152 --> 01:23:50,317
So we need more intelligent people

2197
01:23:50,317 --> 01:23:53,300
that are also able to sell intelligently,

2198
01:23:53,321 --> 01:23:56,944
otherwise the world will adopt stupid ideas.

2199
01:23:57,887 --> 01:23:58,655
That's the

2200
01:23:58,734 --> 01:23:59,749
Like Arduino.

2201
01:24:01,142 --> 01:24:03,242
Oh, maybe like Arduino, yes.

2202
01:24:04,672 --> 01:24:06,672
You know, other people will do projects

2203
01:24:06,880 --> 01:24:09,451
that challenge the status quo in a certain

2204
01:24:10,130 --> 01:24:12,727
area of human society.

2205
01:24:13,521 --> 01:24:14,682
And people will say

2206
01:24:14,683 --> 01:24:17,481
“Oh, that is stupid. And doesn’t you know,"

2207
01:24:17,662 --> 01:24:18,878
"doesn’t make any sense”.

2208
01:24:18,878 --> 01:24:21,003
So obviously, you have to be prepared,

2209
01:24:21,288 --> 01:24:22,755
you know, I need to get a lot of criticism

2210
01:24:22,910 --> 01:24:25,670
people write me hate emails, you know.

2211
01:24:26,054 --> 01:24:27,165
People email me like

2212
01:24:27,165 --> 01:24:29,974
"Oh, I hope they give our shitty company fails”.

2213
01:24:30,072 --> 01:24:32,072
“I want to see you cry.”

2214
01:24:34,570 --> 01:24:35,714
You know, so

2215
01:24:37,247 --> 01:24:39,621
anyway, thank you.

2216
01:24:39,917 --> 01:24:41,917
Thank you for that.

2217
01:24:45,333 --> 01:24:47,333
Okay, (the thing with Arduino time)

2218
01:24:47,333 --> 01:24:49,333
and I just want to invite anyone

2219
01:24:49,804 --> 01:24:51,804
who would like, you know

2220
01:24:51,804 --> 01:24:54,646
express a form of gratitude

2221
01:24:54,847 --> 01:24:57,555
how Arduino have changed your life.

2222
01:24:57,778 --> 01:24:59,778
And this is – this is important because...