[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.95,0:00:04.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Design is a slippery\Nand elusive phenomenon,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.08,0:00:06.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which has meant different\Nthings at different times.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.30,0:00:11.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But all truly inspiring design projects\Nhave one thing in common:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.64,0:00:13.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they began with a dream.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.78,0:00:15.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the bolder the dream,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.23,0:00:18.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the greater the design feat\Nthat will be required to achieve it.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.95,0:00:21.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is why the greatest designers
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.44,0:00:26.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are almost always the biggest\Ndreamers and rebels and renegades.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.90,0:00:29.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This has been the case throughout history,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.66,0:00:33.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the way back to the year 300 BC,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.67,0:00:36.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when a 13-year-old became the king
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.88,0:00:41.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a remote, very poor\Nand very small, Asian country.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.64,0:00:45.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He dreamt of acquiring land,\Nriches and power
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.22,0:00:46.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through military conquest.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.75,0:00:48.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And his design skills --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.08,0:00:50.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,improbable though it sounds --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.12,0:00:52.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be essential\Nin enabling him to do so.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.72,0:00:54.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the time,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.78,0:00:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all weapons were made by hand\Nto different specifications.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.37,0:01:01.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if an archer ran out\Nof arrows during a battle,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.54,0:01:05.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they wouldn't necessarily be able\Nto fire another archer's arrows
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.76,0:01:07.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from their bow.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.46,0:01:10.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This of course meant that they would be\Nless effective in combat
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.95,0:01:12.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and very vulnerable, too.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.54,0:01:15.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ying solved this problem
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.16,0:01:19.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by insisting that all bows and arrows\Nwere designed identically,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.22,0:01:21.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they were interchangeable.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.11,0:01:25.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he did the same for daggers,\Naxes, spears, shields
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.07,0:01:27.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and every other form of weaponry.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.25,0:01:32.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His formidably equipped army\Nwon batter after battle,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.08,0:01:33.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and within 15 years,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.94,0:01:36.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his tiny kingdom had succeeded
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.13,0:01:39.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in conquering all its larger, richer\Nmore powerful neighbors,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.78,0:01:42.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to found the mighty Chinese Empire.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.20,0:01:44.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now no one of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.78,0:01:48.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would have thought of describing\NYing Zheng as a designer at the time --
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.62,0:01:49.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why would they?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.87,0:01:53.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And yet he used design\Nunknowingly and instinctively,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.57,0:01:55.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but with tremendous ingenuity,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.67,0:01:57.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to achieve his ends.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.86,0:02:02.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so did another equally\Nimprobable, accidental designer,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.42,0:02:05.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who was also not above\Nusing violence to get what he wanted.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.57,0:02:08.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was Edward Teach,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.34,0:02:11.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,better known as the\NBritish pirate, Black Beard.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.16,0:02:14.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was the golden age of piracy,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.56,0:02:17.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where pirates like Teach\Nwere terrorizing the high seas.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.22,0:02:20.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Colonial trade was flourishing
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.08,0:02:22.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and piracy was highly profitable.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.39,0:02:24.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the smarter pirates, like him,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.49,0:02:27.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,realized that to maximize their spoils,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.35,0:02:31.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they needed to attack\Ntheir enemies so brutally
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.95,0:02:33.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they would surrender on sight.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.92,0:02:34.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in other words,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.92,0:02:37.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they could take the ships\Nwithout wasting ammunition,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.52,0:02:39.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or incurring casualties.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.58,0:02:43.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Edward Teach redesigned\Nhimself as Black Beard
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.23,0:02:45.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by playing the part of a merciless brute.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.92,0:02:49.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He wore heavy jackets and big hats\Nto accentuate his height,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.97,0:02:53.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he grew the bushy black beard\Nthat obscured his face,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.54,0:02:57.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he slung braces of pistols\Non either shoulder,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.11,0:03:01.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he even attached matches to the brim\Nof his hat and set them alight,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.10,0:03:04.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they sizzled menacingly\Nwhenever his ship was poised to attack.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.06,0:03:07.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And like many pirates of that era,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.80,0:03:10.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he flew a flag that bore\Nthe macabre symbols
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.72,0:03:14.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a human skull\Nand a pair of crossed bones,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.13,0:03:19.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because those motifs had signified death\Nin so many cultures for centuries
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.84,0:03:22.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that their meaning\Nwas instantly recognizable,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.73,0:03:26.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even in the lawless, illiterate\Nworld of the high seas;
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.35,0:03:28.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,surrender or you'll suffer.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.92,0:03:32.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So of course all his sensible\Nvictims surrendered on sight.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.77,0:03:34.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Put like that,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.19,0:03:38.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's easy to see why Edward Teach\Nand his fellow pirates
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.70,0:03:43.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could be seen as pioneers of modern\Ncommunications design,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.27,0:03:45.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and why their deadly symbol --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.43,0:03:46.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.42,0:03:47.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's more --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.43,0:03:50.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why their deadly symbol\Nof the skull and crossbones
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.60,0:03:52.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was a precursor of today's logos --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.91,0:03:56.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather like the big red letters\Nstanding behind me,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.22,0:03:58.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but of course with a different message.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.27,0:03:59.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.36,0:04:02.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet design was also used to nobler ends
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.50,0:04:06.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by an equally brilliant and equally\Nimprobable designer:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.85,0:04:10.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the 19th century British nurse,\NFlorence Nightingale.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.66,0:04:14.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Her mission was to provide\Ndecent healthcare for everyone.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.52,0:04:19.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nightingale was born into a rather\Ngrand, very wealthy British family,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.96,0:04:24.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who were horrified when she volunteered\Nto work in military hospitals
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.16,0:04:25.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,during the Crimean War.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.01,0:04:27.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once there,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.17,0:04:31.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she swiftly realized that more\Npatients were dying of infections
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.21,0:04:34.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they caught there\Nin the filthy, fettered wards,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.03,0:04:35.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than they were of battle wounds.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.95,0:04:41.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So she campaigned for cleaner, lighter\Narea clinics to be designed and built.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.55,0:04:43.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Back in Britain,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.62,0:04:45.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she mounted another campaign,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.24,0:04:47.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this time for civilian hospitals,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.40,0:04:51.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and insisted that the same design\Nprinciples were applied to them.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.69,0:04:53.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Nightingale ward --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.13,0:04:54.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as it is called --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.46,0:04:58.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dominated hospital design\Nfor decades to come,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.16,0:05:01.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and elements of it are still used today.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.88,0:05:03.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But by then,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.16,0:05:05.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,design was seen as a tool\Nof the Industrial Age.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.21,0:05:09.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was formalized and professionalized,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.08,0:05:11.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it was restricted to specific roles
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.65,0:05:14.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and generally applied in pursuit\Nof commercial goals,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.75,0:05:16.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than being used intuitively
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.97,0:05:21.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as Florence Nightingale, Black Beard\Nand Ying Zhang had done.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.59,0:05:23.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By the 20th century,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.08,0:05:28.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this commercial ethos was so powerful\Nthat any designers who deviated from it
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.68,0:05:32.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,risked being seen as\Ncranks or subversives.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.73,0:05:36.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now among them is one\Nof my great design heroes,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.57,0:05:39.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the brilliant László Moholy-Nagy.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.12,0:05:41.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was the Hungarian artist and designer
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.91,0:05:46.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whose experiments with the impact\Nof technology on daily life
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.05,0:05:47.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were so powerful
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.41,0:05:49.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they still influence the design
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.56,0:05:53.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the digital images we see\Non our phone and computer screens.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.83,0:05:58.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He radicalized the Bauhaus Design\NSchool in 1920s Germany,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.55,0:06:01.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and yet some of his former\Ncolleagues shunned him
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.37,0:06:06.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he struggled to open a new\NBauhaus in Chicago years later.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.32,0:06:10.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Moholy's ideas were as bold\Nand incisive as ever,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.56,0:06:14.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but his approach to design\Nwas too experimental,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.39,0:06:16.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as was his insistence on seeing it,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.84,0:06:17.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as he put it,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.84,0:06:22.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as an "attitude," not a "profession"\Nto be in tune with the times.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.08,0:06:24.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And sadly,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.08,0:06:27.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the same applied to another\Ndesign maverick:
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.21,0:06:29.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Richard Buckminster Fuller.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.41,0:06:33.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was yet another brilliant\Ndesign visionary
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.12,0:06:34.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and design activist,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.63,0:06:39.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who was completely committed\Nto designing a sustainable society
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.05,0:06:40.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in such a forward-thinking way
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.98,0:06:44.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he started talking about\Nthe importantce of environmentalism
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.56,0:06:47.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in design in the 1920s.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.79,0:06:48.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now he --
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.86,0:06:50.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,despite his efforts --
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.27,0:06:55.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was routinely mocked as a crank\Nby many in the design establishment,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.07,0:06:56.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and admittedly,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.14,0:06:58.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some of his experiments failed,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.04,0:07:00.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like the flying car that never\Ngot off the ground.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.22,0:07:03.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And yet the Geodesic dome,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.17,0:07:06.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his design formula to build\Nan emergency shelter
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.50,0:07:09.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from scraps of wood, metal, plastic,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.10,0:07:10.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bits of tree,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.17,0:07:11.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,old blankets,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.17,0:07:12.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plastic sheeting --
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.29,0:07:15.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just about anything\Nthat's available at the time,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.21,0:07:18.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is one of the greatest feats\Nof humanitarian design,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.78,0:07:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and has provided sorely needed\Nrefuge to many, many people
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.00,0:07:24.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in desperate circumstances,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.88,0:07:26.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ever since.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.69,0:07:28.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now it was the courage and verve
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.99,0:07:32.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of radical designers like\NBucky and Moholy
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.57,0:07:34.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that turned me to design.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.94,0:07:38.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I began my career as a news\Njournalist and foreign correspondent.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.93,0:07:42.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I write about politics, economics\Nand corporate affairs,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.37,0:07:46.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I could have chosen\Nto specialize in any of those fields,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.22,0:07:48.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I picked design
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.03,0:07:51.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I believe it's one of the most\Npowerful tools at our disposal
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.78,0:07:54.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to improve our quality of life.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.95,0:07:58.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you, fellow TED design buffs.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.55,0:07:59.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.16,0:08:04.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And greatly as I admire the achievements\Nof professional designers,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.69,0:08:07.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which have been extraordinary and immense,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.31,0:08:11.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I also believe that design benefits hugely
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.04,0:08:12.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the originality,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.31,0:08:13.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the lateral thinking
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.65,0:08:17.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the resourcefulness\Nof its rebels and renegades.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.82,0:08:21.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we're living at a remarkable\Nmoment in design,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.86,0:08:26.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because this is a time when the two\Ncamps are coming closer together.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.63,0:08:30.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Becuase even very basic advances\Nin digital technology
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.90,0:08:35.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have enabled them to operate\Nincreasingly independently,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.15,0:08:37.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in or out of a commercial context,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.77,0:08:42.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to pursue ever more ambitious\Nand eclectic objectives.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.81,0:08:44.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in theory,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.48,0:08:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,basic platforms like crowdfunding,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.00,0:08:48.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cloud computing,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.40,0:08:49.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,social media
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.72,0:08:53.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are giving greater freedom\Nto professional designers
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.31,0:08:56.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and giving more resources\Nfor the improvisational ones,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.82,0:08:57.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and hopefully,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.86,0:09:00.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a more receptive response to their ideas.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.91,0:09:05.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now some of my favorite\Nexamples of this are in Africa,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.02,0:09:07.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where a new generation of designers
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.17,0:09:10.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are developing incredible\NInternet of Things technologies
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.81,0:09:15.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to fulfill Florence Nightingale's dream\Nof improving healthcare
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.25,0:09:18.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in countries where more people\Nnow have access to cell phones
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.93,0:09:21.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than to clean, running water.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.25,0:09:23.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And among them is Arthur Zang.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.86,0:09:26.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's a young, Cameroonian\Ndesign engineer
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.76,0:09:30.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who has a adapted a tablet\Ncomputer into the Cardiopad,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.93,0:09:33.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a mobile heart-monitoring device.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.47,0:09:37.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It can be used to monitor the hearts\Nof patients in remote, rural areas.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.75,0:09:40.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The data is then sent\Non a cellular network
Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.46,0:09:44.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to well-equipped hospitals hundreds\Nof miles away for analysis.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.56,0:09:47.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if any problems are spotted\Nby the specialists there,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.89,0:09:50.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a suitable course of treatment\Nis recommended.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.26,0:09:53.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this of course saves many patients
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.38,0:09:58.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from making long, arduous, expensive\Nand often pointless journeys
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.65,0:10:00.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to those hospitals,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.13,0:10:02.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and makes it much, much likelier
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.31,0:10:04.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that their hearts\Nwill actually be checked.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.38,0:10:08.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Arthur Zang started working\Non the Cardiopad eight years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.83,0:10:11.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in his final year at university,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.60,0:10:14.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but he failed to persuade\Nany conventional sources
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.95,0:10:18.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to give him investment to get\Nthe project off the ground.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.46,0:10:20.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He posted the idea on Facebook,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.40,0:10:22.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where a Camaroonian\Ngovernment official saw it,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.95,0:10:25.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and managed to secure\Na government grant for him.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.29,0:10:29.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's now developing\Nnot only the Cardiopad,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.34,0:10:33.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but other mobile medical devices\Nto treat different conditions.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.02,0:10:35.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he isn't alone,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.69,0:10:40.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because there are many other\Ninspiring and enterprising designers
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.57,0:10:44.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who are also pursuing\Nextraordinary projects of their own.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.48,0:10:47.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I'm going to finish\Nby looking at just a few of them.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.11,0:10:50.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One is Peek Vision.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.32,0:10:53.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a group of doctors\Nand designers in Kenya,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.49,0:10:56.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who've developed an Internet of Things\Ntechnology of their own,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.72,0:10:59.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a portable eye examination kit.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.84,0:11:01.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then there's Gabriel Maher,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:01.78,0:11:03.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who is developing a new design language
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.87,0:11:08.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to enable us to articulate the subtleties\Nof our changing gender identities,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.93,0:11:11.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without recourse\Nto traditional stereotypes.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.04,0:11:13.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All of these designers,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.55,0:11:14.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and many more,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.77,0:11:16.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are pursuing their dreams
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.24,0:11:18.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the making the most of their\Nnewfound freedom,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.80,0:11:21.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the discipline\Nof professional designers
Dialogue: 0,0:11:21.72,0:11:24.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the resourcefulness\Nof rebels and renegades,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.66,0:11:26.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we all stand to benefit.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.77,0:11:27.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.77,0:11:29.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)