WEBVTT 00:00:01.159 --> 00:00:02.887 There's a lot of your work 00:00:02.887 --> 00:00:07.074 that says quite a lot of interesting things about the 20th century. 00:00:07.074 --> 00:00:12.063 Certainly the first thing that sprung to mind was From Hell, 00:00:12.063 --> 00:00:16.834 was an idea in From Hell, which was a big inspiration in my KLF book, 00:00:16.834 --> 00:00:21.188 but the idea was that the act of Jack the Ripper, um, 00:00:21.188 --> 00:00:26.343 was what gave birth to the 20th century. I was just curious where that idea came from. 00:00:26.343 --> 00:00:35.957 Well, that was my conceit that resolved a lot of the material 00:00:35.957 --> 00:00:41.165 that had emerged during my research into From Hell. 00:00:41.165 --> 00:00:46.259 Um ... when I was just looking into the 1880s, 00:00:46.259 --> 00:00:50.425 I noticed all of these things that had happened, 00:00:50.425 --> 00:00:57.394 that I think in 1882, Michelson and Morley actually performed the experiments 00:00:57.394 --> 00:01:05.479 which were meant to iron out a couple of last wrinkles in the theory of the aether, 00:01:05.479 --> 00:01:09.451 but ended up completely disproving that aether existed, 00:01:10.231 --> 00:01:14.613 which was a kind of result, but not the one that they were looking for. 00:01:14.743 --> 00:01:17.777 You'd got France going into Indochina. 00:01:18.507 --> 00:01:28.915 You had got the beginnings of the modern art movement with Walter Sickert. 00:01:28.915 --> 00:01:35.466 You'd got some of the first kind of modern realist writings 00:01:35.466 --> 00:01:38.059 with people like Emile Zola. 00:01:38.059 --> 00:01:46.883 You'd got a surprising amount of focusing upon prostitutes in literature and the arts. 00:01:48.533 --> 00:01:57.452 And all of these things, which had gone on to really colour and shape the 20th century, 00:01:57.452 --> 00:02:03.691 and then in 1888, these senseless, violent murders. 00:02:05.141 --> 00:02:11.723 It just seemed to me that symbolically, I could kind of 00:02:12.613 --> 00:02:20.254 position the Jack the Ripper murders as the birth throes of the 20th century, 00:02:20.254 --> 00:02:23.472 with Jack the Ripper as a kind of really ghastly midwife. 00:02:23.472 --> 00:02:27.747 [chuckles] Yeah, and there's the whole tabloid sort of thing growing up around it 00:02:27.747 --> 00:02:30.181 and that sort of violent sort of stew, so it sort of ... 00:02:30.181 --> 00:02:34.336 What struck me about reading Providence, 00:02:34.336 --> 00:02:38.236 even though it's not so overtly about the 20th century, 00:02:38.236 --> 00:02:45.876 is the Lovecraftian world view probably sums up that time 00:02:45.876 --> 00:02:51.470 better even than my book or anything deliberately about the 20th century. 00:02:51.470 --> 00:02:53.345 Do you see it as a ... ? 00:02:53.345 --> 00:03:00.377 Well, yeah, I mean, I see ... Researching Providence was quite an eye-opener, 00:03:00.377 --> 00:03:07.261 and it changed my opinion of Lovecraft. Not of his stature as a writer -- 00:03:07.261 --> 00:03:11.219 in fact, I think that only continues to increase the more I think about it -- 00:03:12.679 --> 00:03:17.464 but more of an understanding of him in relation to his times. 00:03:18.184 --> 00:03:23.436 The thing is, Lovecraft is generally positioned as an outsider, 00:03:23.436 --> 00:03:26.956 probably because that was the name of one of his most famous stories, 00:03:26.956 --> 00:03:31.247 so it's not much of a reach. But you actually look at Lovecraft, 00:03:31.247 --> 00:03:41.593 he was homophobic. This at a time when gay men, principally gay men, 00:03:41.593 --> 00:03:44.539 some gay women as well, but that was different, 00:03:44.539 --> 00:03:52.821 were starting to emerge quite vocally and very visibly onto the streets of New York. 00:03:53.541 --> 00:04:00.445 There was a huge gay subculture in the early 20th-century New York. 00:04:00.445 --> 00:04:03.951 It wasn't just something that started after the Second World War. 00:04:04.841 --> 00:04:07.799 And these were becoming more visible. 00:04:07.799 --> 00:04:12.621 You'd got women; I mean, Lovecraft was certainly not a misogynist, but ... 00:04:13.231 --> 00:04:20.746 he was perhaps somewhat awkward or conflicted in his relationships with women. 00:04:20.746 --> 00:04:24.813 This was at a time when women were just about to get the vote. 00:04:25.883 --> 00:04:33.828 There had been 20 years of the biggest influx of immigrants that America had ever seen, 00:04:33.828 --> 00:04:41.952 up until 1910, 1920, um, and that had led to conservative fears 00:04:41.952 --> 00:04:48.514 that American identity was going to be lost beneath a tidal wave of miscegenation, 00:04:48.514 --> 00:04:59.983 inbreeding, sort of. All of these fears were exactly those of the white, 00:04:59.983 --> 00:05:06.901 middle-class common man. I mean, the Russian revolution had just happened in 1917, 00:05:06.901 --> 00:05:13.898 and in America there were all of these strikes, which at the time 00:05:13.898 --> 00:05:17.627 looked like, oh, it's going to happen over here. 00:05:17.627 --> 00:05:20.701 In fact, most people, when you talk about the Red Scare, 00:05:20.701 --> 00:05:23.972 they think, oh, that's the 1950s, that's McCarthyism. 00:05:23.972 --> 00:05:31.504 The Red Scare was 1919, and in some ways Lovecraft became a perfect barometer 00:05:31.504 --> 00:05:35.201 because he was so sensitive, so unbearably sensitive, 00:05:35.201 --> 00:05:38.492 that all of the fears of the early 20th century, 00:05:38.492 --> 00:05:46.911 including the fears of ... uhhh ... man's relegation in importance, 00:05:46.911 --> 00:05:51.012 given what we were starting to understand about the cosmos. 00:05:51.012 --> 00:05:57.074 Lovecraft was unlike other people of his day. He actually understood that stuff. 00:05:57.554 --> 00:06:00.199 He was very quick. 00:06:00.199 --> 00:06:05.949 He didn't like Einstein, but he was very quick to assimilate Einstein's ideas. 00:06:05.949 --> 00:06:11.521 He didn't like quantum theory, but he almost understood it. 00:06:13.071 --> 00:06:18.998 Yeah, this was it. He, in some ways his stories represented the kind of landscape 00:06:18.998 --> 00:06:30.021 of fear, the territory of fear, for the 20th century as a whole. 00:06:30.021 --> 00:06:33.343 So he didn't like the modernists at all, in terms of writing and things like that. 00:06:33.343 --> 00:06:39.312 But he was a closet modernist himself. I mean, yeah, he hated Gertrude Stein, 00:06:39.312 --> 00:06:44.313 T.S. Eliot, James Joyce. He wrote a brilliantly funny, 00:06:44.313 --> 00:06:48.813 and actually very well-written parody of The Wasteland, 00:06:48.813 --> 00:06:51.240 called Waste Paper. 00:06:52.000 --> 00:06:54.938 But, you actually look at Lovecraft's writing, 00:06:54.938 --> 00:06:58.487 and much as he's decrying all of the modernists, 00:06:58.487 --> 00:07:03.541 and much as he's bigging up his favourite 18th-century authors, 00:07:03.541 --> 00:07:07.697 people like Pope, um, actually Lovecraft is a modernist. 00:07:07.697 --> 00:07:10.864 He's using stream of consciousness techniques, 00:07:10.864 --> 00:07:18.561 he is using glossolalia more impenetrable than anything in Finnegan's Wake, 00:07:19.311 --> 00:07:29.425 he is using techniques of deliberately alienating the reader or confusing the reader. 00:07:29.927 --> 00:07:34.894 His descriptions tend to be along the lines of, 00:07:34.894 --> 00:07:39.674 "Here's three things that Cthulhu doesn't look like." 00:07:40.154 --> 00:07:45.174 Or he would describe the colour out of space as only a colour by analogy, 00:07:45.174 --> 00:07:50.799 so what, is it a sound, is it a rough texture, or a smell? What? 00:07:51.581 --> 00:07:56.581 These are deliberate kind of techniques. They're not flaws. 00:07:56.581 --> 00:08:00.841 They are techniques of alienating the reader, 00:08:00.841 --> 00:08:03.903 of putting the reader into an uncanny space, 00:08:03.903 --> 00:08:09.903 where language is no longer capable of describing the experience. 00:08:09.903 --> 00:08:12.905 Yeah, and that sort of -- for horror, it was, it was ... 00:08:12.905 --> 00:08:16.965 all the Gothic horror had sort of gone and it was just the sort of modern horror. 00:08:16.965 --> 00:08:22.861 Yeah, well that's important because all horror, or most horror up 'til Lovecraft, 00:08:22.861 --> 00:08:27.287 had all been predicated upon the Gothic tradition, 00:08:27.287 --> 00:08:34.857 which is a tradition where you have an enormous vertical weight in time 00:08:35.414 --> 00:08:40.265 that is bearing down upon a fragile present. 00:08:40.966 --> 00:08:45.587 A history of dark things in the past that are leading up to 00:08:45.587 --> 00:08:48.661 some terrifying denouement in the present day. 00:08:49.591 --> 00:08:55.348 With Lovecraft, yes, there is an awful lot of talking about Rimmer, 00:08:55.348 --> 00:08:57.545 antiquity and the past. 00:08:57.545 --> 00:09:02.003 But with Lovecraft I think that it's a much more present horror of the future. 00:09:02.323 --> 00:09:09.128 He's talking about that time when man will be able to organise all of his knowledge 00:09:09.128 --> 00:09:13.887 and when that time comes, the only question is 00:09:13.887 --> 00:09:18.981 whether we will embrace this new illuminating light, 00:09:18.981 --> 00:09:24.698 or whether we will flee from it into the reassuring shadows of a new Dark Age, 00:09:24.698 --> 00:09:32.043 which is very prescient, given, say, current fundamentalism, 00:09:32.703 --> 00:09:40.241 which is a direct -- a response to too much knowledge, too much information. 00:09:40.241 --> 00:09:43.574 Let's take it all back to something that we're sure of, 00:09:43.574 --> 00:09:46.922 that God created the world in six days. 00:09:48.336 --> 00:09:51.627 Yeah. In that way Lovecraft was sort of ... 00:09:53.208 --> 00:09:58.498 yeah, he was really exploring all of the -- he was a very -- 00:09:59.627 --> 00:10:02.321 he is still a very contemporary writer. 00:10:02.749 --> 00:10:11.236 I think that if you wanted to do as Michael Moorcock did, in the '60s, 00:10:11.236 --> 00:10:15.176 Michael Moorcock was mainly interested in modernism. 00:10:17.136 --> 00:10:23.121 He noticed that the science fiction genre was laying around with its wheels up, 00:10:23.121 --> 00:10:27.485 and that nobody was doing much with it apart from kind of cowboys in space, 00:10:27.485 --> 00:10:29.975 so he thought, "Why don't we hijack this, 00:10:29.975 --> 00:10:34.203 "and make science fiction a vehicle for modernism?" 00:10:34.203 --> 00:10:38.327 And then, yeah, J. G. Ballard, all the rest. 00:10:39.235 --> 00:10:43.964 I think you could do the same thing with Lovecraft, alone amongst horror writers. 00:10:44.432 --> 00:10:49.592 I think that Lovecraft's preoccupations were so forward-looking that -- 00:10:49.592 --> 00:10:55.661 and his writing techniques were so unusual -- that yeah, you could use Lovecraft 00:10:55.661 --> 00:11:01.576 as the starting point for a new kind of modernist horror, if you will. 00:11:01.921 --> 00:11:07.756 That sense of linking the 20th century to this sort of impending horror, um, 00:11:07.756 --> 00:11:13.047 reminds me a bit of Century, or League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, vol. 3, 00:11:13.047 --> 00:11:19.254 the Century one, which for my mind is probably the bleakest of all the Leagues 00:11:19.254 --> 00:11:26.127 sort of thing. It's got that sense that the creative imagination withers away 00:11:26.127 --> 00:11:29.566 during the 20th century. Is that what you were aiming for? 00:11:29.566 --> 00:11:33.797 Yes, it was. I got quite a bit of criticism for that. 00:11:33.797 --> 00:11:39.732 I know that people were saying, after reading the third book, they said 00:11:39.732 --> 00:11:45.116 that it was my equivalent of saying, "It were all fields 'round here once." 00:11:45.926 --> 00:11:48.461 Which it wasn't. That wasn't what I was saying. 00:11:48.461 --> 00:11:56.554 But what I was saying was that I don't think it was unfair to choose 00:11:56.554 --> 00:12:06.104 The Beggar's Opera as representing a big, important cultural event of 1910. 00:12:07.301 --> 00:12:12.425 I don't think it was unfair choosing Donald Cammell's Performance 00:12:12.896 --> 00:12:18.780 as representing a big, important cultural event in 1969. 00:12:19.901 --> 00:12:24.932 And I don't think it was unfair choosing J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter 00:12:24.932 --> 00:12:31.682 as representing a big cultural event from the early 21st century. 00:12:33.862 --> 00:12:37.500 I would say that if you were to plot those things on a graph, 00:12:37.964 --> 00:12:41.401 the line isn't going up. [JH, laughing] Yes. 00:12:42.106 --> 00:12:44.421 I think that it's a fair comment 00:12:44.805 --> 00:12:47.222 that our approach to culture 00:12:49.204 --> 00:12:54.348 in the mainstream has degenerated. 00:12:55.380 --> 00:12:59.378 That the values that people used to put into a work of art, 00:12:59.378 --> 00:13:02.181 those have been eroded. 00:13:04.441 --> 00:13:12.972 And, yeah. I was trying to express that in The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen 00:13:12.972 --> 00:13:16.679 because the whole of The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, 00:13:16.679 --> 00:13:25.128 it's about this massive planet of fiction that has been a kind of a counterpart 00:13:25.128 --> 00:13:29.545 to our own world for as long as we've had fiction. 00:13:30.697 --> 00:13:36.072 That we've made up this world that, it's the world we want, 00:13:37.252 --> 00:13:42.446 the exciting world where exciting things happen and meaningful things happen, 00:13:43.396 --> 00:13:49.509 and if you look at those two worlds, there's interesting points of comparison, 00:13:49.509 --> 00:13:52.965 that they have similar events that shaped them, 00:13:53.385 --> 00:13:57.764 but slightly different, and they worked out slightly differently. 00:13:58.258 --> 00:14:04.121 So in Century it was using The League to look at the 20th century 00:14:04.121 --> 00:14:09.214 from the point of view of 20th-century culture, 00:14:09.912 --> 00:14:16.475 and to draw what conclusions seemed accurate. 00:14:18.683 --> 00:14:24.276 I wasn't saying that all culture in the late 20th century was rubbish. 00:14:24.689 --> 00:14:26.601 I wasn't saying that culture was doomed. 00:14:27.235 --> 00:14:32.703 I was saying that mainstream culture was becoming repetitive, 00:14:33.475 --> 00:14:36.006 was not having original ideas, 00:14:36.768 --> 00:14:41.087 would no longer be capable of coming up with a Performance, 00:14:41.307 --> 00:14:44.996 let alone a Threepenny Opera. 00:14:45.244 --> 00:14:48.638 Yeah, it's, I mean, what struck me when I was doing my 20th-century book 00:14:48.638 --> 00:14:52.274 was especially all the guys who took us into space, took us to the moon -- 00:14:52.274 --> 00:14:58.034 Sergei Korolev, Wernher von Braun -- the importance of Jules Verne to them. 00:14:58.034 --> 00:15:03.336 And then that culture of Buck Rogers and Flash Gordon and things like that. 00:15:03.336 --> 00:15:06.868 And I was thinking about that when I was watching -- d'you know, have you seen, um, 00:15:06.868 --> 00:15:08.701 Prometheus, the, uh ... [AM] I haven't. 00:15:08.701 --> 00:15:14.752 It's really grim. Basically they realize humanity's been, uh, 00:15:14.752 --> 00:15:17.421 built by aliens, so they go off to find these aliens, 00:15:17.421 --> 00:15:22.148 and they finally find the aliens to say, "Oh, godlike thing, why did you create us?" 00:15:22.148 --> 00:15:26.896 And the alien goes, "Oh, are these things, these beings still around?" 00:15:26.896 --> 00:15:29.458 and just starts like punching them in the face to sort of kill them. 00:15:29.458 --> 00:15:32.292 And it's about as bleak an idea as you can imagine, 00:15:32.292 --> 00:15:36.201 and I just kind of wonder if Wernher von Braun and those guys 00:15:36.201 --> 00:15:38.635 were growing up with that level of science fiction, 00:15:38.635 --> 00:15:42.792 whether they'd have been quite so keen to go for the moon and push us forward. 00:15:42.792 --> 00:15:49.229 Well, I mean, I think that science fiction -- it's interesting what -- 00:15:49.814 --> 00:15:53.477 the way that science fiction was handled in the 20th century. 00:15:54.093 --> 00:15:57.977 I mean, science fiction, all right, there's a lot of precursors for it, 00:15:59.017 --> 00:16:04.425 but a non-controversial starting point would probably be Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. 00:16:04.425 --> 00:16:05.581 [JH] Yeah. 00:16:05.881 --> 00:16:10.134 And then you'd move on to people like Wells and Verne, 00:16:11.314 --> 00:16:13.376 about a century later. 00:16:14.996 --> 00:16:27.412 Now, all of those are actually kind of grim warning visions of the potential future. 00:16:28.943 --> 00:16:38.331 They are potentially alarmist about the nature of technology and what it will mean. 00:16:39.265 --> 00:16:42.790 With Mary Shelley, she was reacting to the Industrial Revolution, 00:16:42.790 --> 00:16:48.379 which was actually starting up around her while she was writing Frankenstein 00:16:48.379 --> 00:16:51.318 in 1814 or whatever it was. 00:16:52.305 --> 00:17:01.565 Wells, he is, all of his science fiction books are for the most part dystopias. 00:17:02.865 --> 00:17:09.597 Time Machine, with its view of the class system of Wells' day, 00:17:09.973 --> 00:17:15.201 even more stratified, literally, so that you've got working-class cannibals 00:17:15.201 --> 00:17:22.178 living underground and feeding upon these dopey, drippy middle-class 00:17:22.178 --> 00:17:28.261 sort of food animals, basically. [JH] It's the austerity story. 00:17:28.261 --> 00:17:33.523 [AM] Yes, exactly. And Jules Verne. Now, obviously Jules Verne 00:17:33.523 --> 00:17:39.294 is getting much more of a kick out of his big machines, but he always says, 00:17:39.294 --> 00:17:43.303 "And imagine if these machines were to fall into the hands of a madman! 00:17:43.303 --> 00:17:50.303 "Like Captain Nemo, who I secretly admire." But at least it is a warning. 00:17:51.001 --> 00:17:57.533 1910, 1915, America discovers science fiction in the form of Tom Swift. 00:17:59.501 --> 00:18:03.158 And it is a different thing altogether. 00:18:03.565 --> 00:18:06.241 It is not about giving dire warnings for the future. 00:18:06.241 --> 00:18:11.095 It is about saying, "Look how great America's going to be in the future." 00:18:11.533 --> 00:18:17.501 It's almost, I suspect ... The tendency, in older nations, 00:18:17.501 --> 00:18:21.304 when we want to big ourselves up, is to reach back to the past, 00:18:21.304 --> 00:18:25.773 to something imaginary in the past, like King Arthur or something like that. 00:18:25.773 --> 00:18:30.189 America hasn't got that amount of history to deal with, 00:18:30.189 --> 00:18:35.067 so in some ways what America needs is science fiction. 00:18:35.247 --> 00:18:38.980 When we're trying to say, "Look at what we were," 00:18:38.980 --> 00:18:44.127 then America more or less has to say, "Look at what we will be." 00:18:44.710 --> 00:18:50.343 And so their science fiction from the 1920s, with the boom of the pulp magazines, 00:18:50.343 --> 00:18:57.103 it was all of this bright, optimistic new frontier stuff, 00:18:57.634 --> 00:19:00.312 where it was going to be Cowboys and Indians all over again, 00:19:00.312 --> 00:19:04.041 only it was going to be Earthmen and Neptunians. 00:19:04.041 --> 00:19:09.700 But you could just go through the whole of the tropes of the Western genre 00:19:09.700 --> 00:19:16.864 and pioneer fiction, but in space. And it became this ... in my opinion, 00:19:16.864 --> 00:19:20.864 that was probably one of the worst things to ever happen to science fiction. 00:19:21.258 --> 00:19:26.215 It took until the late 1940s, after Hiroshima, 00:19:26.801 --> 00:19:32.165 for these new voices that had got a radical sense of doubt 00:19:32.894 --> 00:19:38.333 to start to creep back into science fiction, and that gave a brilliant era, 00:19:38.333 --> 00:19:48.626 probably the best era, of science fiction. From, say, late '40s to the mid-'70s, 00:19:48.626 --> 00:19:52.561 when George Lucas brought out Star Wars, 00:19:52.976 --> 00:19:56.644 a piece of fundamentalist science fiction if ever there was one, 00:19:56.644 --> 00:20:03.613 and turned the clocks back to the science fiction ideas of 50 years before. 00:20:03.613 --> 00:20:07.714 Now we're in the position -- that whole idea between science fiction and the real world 00:20:07.714 --> 00:20:12.465 interacting with each other -- now we get things like Black Mirror, with the pig, 00:20:12.465 --> 00:20:17.289 and then, on Monday, that's no longer science fiction, it's the, uh ... 00:20:18.419 --> 00:20:26.360 whether this is the sort of level of leeway between fiction and nonfiction 00:20:26.360 --> 00:20:28.445 that we wanted at the end of this period. 00:20:28.445 --> 00:20:34.141 Well, I mean, I have said in the past that I believe that the membrane 00:20:34.141 --> 00:20:39.360 between fiction and fact is porous and semi-permeable, 00:20:39.360 --> 00:20:44.590 and I have become used to my most ridiculous ideas, 00:20:45.920 --> 00:20:49.995 whether that be coming up with V for Vendetta 00:20:49.995 --> 00:20:53.736 and then suddenly seeing a load of Guy Fawkes-masked anarchists 00:20:53.736 --> 00:20:57.622 invading the world stage -- which is a good thing -- 00:20:57.622 --> 00:21:04.704 or having come up with the idea related to my film project, Jimmy's End, 00:21:04.704 --> 00:21:10.706 of having a sinister clown manifesting in various locations around Northampton, 00:21:10.706 --> 00:21:15.119 and returning from holiday and finding that a sinister clown had manifested 00:21:15.119 --> 00:21:21.223 in Northampton, at the end of my street, about a hundred yards from my front door. 00:21:21.223 --> 00:21:28.526 You start to get the impression that, yes, sometimes things can percolate through 00:21:28.526 --> 00:21:31.728 from the realm of ideas into the realm of actuality. 00:21:31.728 --> 00:21:36.901 I would say to Charlie Brooker that it's his own fault. 00:21:36.901 --> 00:21:40.759 That, sort of, he shouldn't have written about British prime ministers 00:21:40.759 --> 00:21:45.014 in an unholy relationship with a pig if he didn't want this to happen. 00:21:45.514 --> 00:21:47.869 Y'know? So ... happy now? 00:21:48.275 --> 00:21:51.127 This is assuming, of course, that it's not true, 00:21:51.127 --> 00:21:54.827 which -- I like to think it probably isn't true, and that Lord Ashcroft 00:21:54.827 --> 00:21:58.462 is enough of a shit to have done that, 00:21:58.462 --> 00:22:04.023 but part of me just sort of, it fits a bit too well, 00:22:04.023 --> 00:22:08.894 it just feels a bit too much like a real occult initiation sort of ceremony. 00:22:08.894 --> 00:22:11.860 I remember somebody saying -- 00:22:11.860 --> 00:22:16.757 this might have been someone like Mark Mothersbaugh from Devo -- 00:22:16.757 --> 00:22:26.693 saying about the idea of Donny and Marie Osmond being married, 00:22:27.853 --> 00:22:33.442 and he was saying, "Yeah, I know that that's not really true, 00:22:33.442 --> 00:22:38.928 "but in my heart it's true." And I think that that is the way I feel 00:22:38.928 --> 00:22:47.638 about the revelations about David Cameron, that, we all know that in his secret soul, 00:22:47.638 --> 00:22:52.344 David Cameron is exactly the man who would do something like that. 00:22:52.344 --> 00:22:58.541 If he has not done it literally, he has certainly done it metaphorically. 00:22:59.312 --> 00:23:04.405 So, yeah. I say, without a shred of evidence, 00:23:04.405 --> 00:23:08.530 that I am going to believe that for the rest of my life. 00:23:08.530 --> 00:23:10.666 Lovely, thanks very much, Alan. [AM] You're very welcome. 00:23:10.666 --> 00:23:12.698 We'll go forward to the 21st century 00:23:12.698 --> 00:23:16.801 with that as the start of our [unclear] of imagination. Thank you.