[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.03,0:00:03.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd like to try something new.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.35,0:00:04.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those of you who are able,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.97,0:00:06.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,please stand up.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.74,0:00:12.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, so I'm going to name some names.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.25,0:00:14.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you hear a name\Nthat you don't recognize,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.66,0:00:16.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can't tell me anything about them,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.44,0:00:18.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd like you to take a seat,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.21,0:00:20.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and stay seated.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.50,0:00:24.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The last person standing,\Nwe're going to see what they know.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.66,0:00:25.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.52,0:00:26.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.52,0:00:27.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.35,0:00:30.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Eric Garner.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.75,0:00:34.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mike Brown.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.74,0:00:36.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tamir Rice.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.95,0:00:41.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Freddie Gray.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.44,0:00:46.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So those of you who are still standing,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.26,0:00:48.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd like you to turn around\Nand take a look.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.03,0:00:53.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd say half to most of the people\Nare still standing.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.19,0:00:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let's continue.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.95,0:00:58.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Michelle Cusseaux.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.98,0:01:06.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tanisha Anderson.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.64,0:01:12.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ara Russer.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.80,0:01:18.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Meagan Hockaday.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.20,0:01:23.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if we look around again, there are\Nabout four people still standing,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.50,0:01:26.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and actually I'm not going\Nto put you on the spot.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.57,0:01:29.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I just say that to encourage transparency,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.07,0:01:30.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you can be seated.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.60,0:01:32.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.61,0:01:35.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So those of you who recognized\Nthe first group of names know
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.92,0:01:40.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that these were African-Americans\Nwho have been killed by the police
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.35,0:01:42.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over the last two and a half years.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.92,0:01:47.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What you may not know is that\Nthe other list is also
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.75,0:01:56.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,African-Americans who have been killed\Nwithin the last two years.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.41,0:01:59.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Only one thing distinguishes\Nthe names that you know
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.93,0:02:02.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the names that you don't know:
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.62,0:02:04.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gender.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.52,0:02:10.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let me first let you know\Nthat there's nothing at all distinct
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.74,0:02:12.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about this audience
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.55,0:02:16.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that explains the patterns of recognition\Nthat we've just seen.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.17,0:02:20.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've done this exercise\Ndozens of times around the country.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.88,0:02:23.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've done it to women's\Nrights organizations.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.51,0:02:25.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've done it with civil rights groups.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.52,0:02:28.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've done it with professors.\NI've done it with students.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.73,0:02:32.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've done it with psychologists.\NI've done it with sociologists.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.76,0:02:36.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've done it even with\Nprogressive members of Congress.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.46,0:02:40.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And everywhere, the awareness\Nof the level of police violence
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.83,0:02:42.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that black women experience
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.65,0:02:45.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is exceedingly low.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.83,0:02:49.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, it is surprising, isn't it,\Nthat this would be the case.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.48,0:02:51.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, there are two issues\Ninvolved here.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.39,0:02:54.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's police violence\Nagainst African-Americans,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.39,0:02:56.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there's violence against women,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.56,0:03:00.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two issues that have been\Ntalked about a lot lately.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.31,0:03:06.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when we think about\Nwho is implicated by these problems,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.48,0:03:09.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we think about who is\Nvictimized by these problems,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.47,0:03:13.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the names of these black women\Nnever come to mind.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.84,0:03:16.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, communications experts tell us
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.56,0:03:20.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that when facts do not fit\Nwith the available frames,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.90,0:03:24.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people have a difficult time\Nincorporating new facts
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.85,0:03:29.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into their way of thinking\Nabout a problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.15,0:03:32.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These women's names have\Nslipped through our consciousness
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.64,0:03:35.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because there are no frames\Nfor us to see them,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.63,0:03:38.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no frames for us to remember them,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.28,0:03:41.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no frames for us to hold them.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.68,0:03:43.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As a consequence,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.65,0:03:46.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reporters don't lead with them,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.40,0:03:49.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,policymakers don't think about them,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.41,0:03:56.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and politicians aren't encouraged\Nor demanded that they speak to them.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.12,0:03:59.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now you might ask,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.54,0:04:00.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why does a frame matter?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.18,0:04:01.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, after all,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.17,0:04:06.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an issue that affects black people\Nand an issue that affects women,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.71,0:04:10.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wouldn't that necessarily include\Nblack people who are women
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.83,0:04:13.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and women who are black people?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.64,0:04:18.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, the simple answer is\Nthat this is a trickle-down approach
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.20,0:04:20.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to social justice, and many times
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.47,0:04:22.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it just doesn't work.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.54,0:04:26.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Without frames that allow us to see\Nhow social problems impact
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.65,0:04:29.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the members of a targeted group,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.74,0:04:32.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many will fall through the cracks\Nof our movements,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.82,0:04:37.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meant to suffer in virtual isolation.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.70,0:04:42.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it doesn't have to be this way.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.39,0:04:47.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many years ago, I began to use\Nthe term "intersectionality"
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.16,0:04:51.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to deal with the fact that many\Nof our social justice problems
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.50,0:04:53.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like racism and sexism
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.68,0:04:56.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are often overlapping,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.38,0:05:01.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,creating multiple levels\Nof social injustice.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.41,0:05:04.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, the experience that gave rise
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.62,0:05:08.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to intersectionality\Nwas my chance encounter
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.12,0:05:12.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a woman named Emma Degraffenreed.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.03,0:05:16.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Emma Degraffenreed was an\NAfrican-American woman,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.26,0:05:19.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a working wife, and a mother.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.02,0:05:21.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I actually read about Emma's story
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.24,0:05:24.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the pages of a legal opinion
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.20,0:05:28.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,written by a judge who had\Ndismissed Emma's claim
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.61,0:05:30.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of race and gender discrimination
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.72,0:05:35.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,against a local car manufacturing plant.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.72,0:05:39.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Emma, like so many African-American women,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.26,0:05:43.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sought better employment\Nfor her family and for others.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.14,0:05:47.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She wanted to create a better life\Nfor her children and for her family.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.60,0:05:49.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But she applied for a job,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.72,0:05:51.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she was not hired,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.44,0:05:55.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she believed that she was not hired\Nbecause she was a black woman.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.92,0:06:00.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, the judge in question\Ndismissed Emma's suit,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.59,0:06:03.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the argument\Nfor dismissing the suit was
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.25,0:06:07.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the employer did hire\NAfrican-Americans
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.57,0:06:10.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the employer hired women.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.90,0:06:15.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The real problem, though, that the judge\Nwas not willing to acknowledge
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.70,0:06:18.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was what Emma was actually trying to say,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.72,0:06:21.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the African-Americans\Nthat were hired,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.78,0:06:27.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,usually for industrial jobs,\Nmaintenance jobs, were all men,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.47,0:06:32.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the women that were hired, usually\Nfor secretarial or front office work,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.80,0:06:34.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were all white.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.90,0:06:39.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Only if the court was able to see\Nhow these policies came together
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.49,0:06:43.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would he be able to see\Nthe double discrimination
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.27,0:06:47.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that Emma Degraffenreed was facing.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.17,0:06:49.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the court refused to allow Emma
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.73,0:06:52.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to put two causes of action together
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.64,0:06:54.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to tell her story
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.01,0:06:58.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because he believed that,\Nby allowing her to do that,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.02,0:07:02.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she would be able to have\Npreferential treatment.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.16,0:07:07.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She would have an advantage\Nby having two swings at the bat,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.04,0:07:12.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when African-American men and white women\Nonly had one swing at the bat.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.70,0:07:17.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But of course, neither\NAfrican-American men or white women
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.67,0:07:22.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,needed to combine a race\Nand gender discrimination claim
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.21,0:07:27.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to tell the story of the discrimination\Nthey were experiencing.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.60,0:07:30.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why wasn't the real unfairness
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.69,0:07:34.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,laws refusal to protect\NAfrican-American women
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.87,0:07:38.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,simply because their experiences\Nweren't exactly the same
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.80,0:07:43.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as white women\Nand African-American men?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.54,0:07:48.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rather than broadening the frame\Nto include African-American women,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.96,0:07:53.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the court simply tossed their case\Ncompletely out of court.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.21,0:07:58.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, as a student\Nof anti-discrimination law,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.25,0:07:59.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a feminist,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.80,0:08:02.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as an anti-racist,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.02,0:08:05.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was struck by this case.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.43,0:08:10.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It felt to me like injustice squared.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.01,0:08:11.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So first of all,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.90,0:08:15.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,black women weren't allowed\Nto work at the plant.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.76,0:08:19.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Second of all, the court\Ndoubled down on this exclusion
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.75,0:08:23.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by making it legally inconsequential.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.68,0:08:27.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And to boot, there was\Nno name for this problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.69,0:08:31.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we all know that,\Nwhere there's no name for a problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.31,0:08:34.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can't see a problem,\Nand when you can't see a problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.22,0:08:38.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you pretty much can't solve it.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.20,0:08:44.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many years later, I had come to recognize\Nthat the problem that Emma was facing
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.38,0:08:47.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was a framing problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.41,0:08:51.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The frame that the court was using\Nto see gender discrimination
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.86,0:08:55.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or to see race discrimination was partial
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.38,0:08:58.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it was distorting.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.18,0:09:01.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For me, the challenge that I faced was
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.07,0:09:05.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trying to figure out whether there was\Nan alternative narrative,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.88,0:09:10.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a prism that would allow us to see\NEmma's dilemma,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.57,0:09:16.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a prism that would allow us\Nto rescue her from the cracks in the law,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.49,0:09:21.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would allow judges to see her story.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.20,0:09:28.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it occurred to me, maybe\Na simple analogy to an intersection
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.10,0:09:33.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,might allow judges to better see\NEmma's dilemma.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.53,0:09:39.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if we think about this intersection,\Nthe roads to the intersection would be
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.14,0:09:44.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the way that the work force\Nwas structured by race and by gender,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.76,0:09:49.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then the traffic in those roads\Nwould be the hiring policies
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.49,0:09:53.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the other practices\Nthat ran through those roads.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.60,0:09:58.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, because Emma was\Nboth black and female,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.60,0:10:04.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she was positioned precisely\Nwhere those roads overlapped,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.10,0:10:08.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,experiencing the simultaneous impact
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.04,0:10:12.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the company's gender\Nand race traffic.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.77,0:10:18.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The law, the law is like\Nthat ambulance that shows up
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.37,0:10:22.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and is ready to treat Emma\Nonly if it can be shown
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.77,0:10:27.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that she was harmed\Non the race road or the gender road
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.38,0:10:32.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but not where those roads intersected.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.16,0:10:37.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what do you call being impacted\Nby multiple forces
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.46,0:10:41.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then abandoned to fend for yourself?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.95,0:10:46.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Intersectionality seemed to do it for me.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.04,0:10:50.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would go on to learn that\NAfrican-American women,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.94,0:10:53.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like other women of color,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.14,0:10:57.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like other socially marginalized people\Nall over the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:57.05,0:11:00.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were facing all kinds\Nof dilemmas and challenges
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.89,0:11:04.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a consequence of intersectionality,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.19,0:11:07.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,intersections of race and gender,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.73,0:11:11.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of heterosexism, transphobia,\Nxenophobia, ablism,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.95,0:11:17.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all of these social dynamics come together
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.54,0:11:19.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and create challenges
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.73,0:11:23.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are sometimes quite unique.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.23,0:11:25.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in the same way
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.86,0:11:27.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that intersectionality
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.49,0:11:33.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,raised our awareness to the way\Nthat black women live their lives,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.58,0:11:38.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it also exposes the tragic circumstances
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.13,0:11:42.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,under which African-American women die.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:42.51,0:11:46.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Police violence against black women
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.57,0:11:48.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is very real.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.39,0:11:51.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The level of violence\Nthat black women face
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.99,0:11:53.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is such that it's not surprising
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.82,0:11:59.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that some of them do not survive\Ntheir encounters with police.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:59.34,0:12:03.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Black girls as young as seven,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:03.07,0:12:07.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,great grandmothers as old as 95,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.76,0:12:10.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have been killed by the police.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.29,0:12:13.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've been killed in their living rooms,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:13.01,0:12:14.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in their bedrooms.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.92,0:12:17.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've been killed in their cars.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.83,0:12:20.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've been killed on the street.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:20.07,0:12:22.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've been killed\Nin front of their parents
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.77,0:12:26.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they've been killed\Nin front of their children.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.38,0:12:28.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have been shot to death.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:28.76,0:12:32.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have bene stomped to death.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:32.18,0:12:34.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have been suffocated to death.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.85,0:12:37.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have been manhandled to death.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.83,0:12:40.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have been tasered to death.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.96,0:12:45.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've been killed when they've\Ncalled for help.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.79,0:12:49.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've been killed when they\Nwere alone,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:49.18,0:12:53.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they've been killed\Nwhen they were with others.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.06,0:12:56.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've been killed shopping while black,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.74,0:12:59.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,driving while black,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.39,0:13:03.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,having a mental disability while black,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:03.63,0:13:07.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,having a domestic disturbance while black.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.56,0:13:12.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've even been killed\Nbeing homeless while black.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.30,0:13:15.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've been killed\Ntalking on the cell phone,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.29,0:13:17.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,laughing with friends,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.43,0:13:20.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sitting in a car reported as stolen,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.50,0:13:24.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and making a u-turn\Nin front of a White House
Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.09,0:13:28.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with an infant strapped\Nin the back seat of the car.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.18,0:13:32.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why don't we know these stories?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.06,0:13:36.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why is it that their lost lives
Dialogue: 0,0:13:36.62,0:13:41.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't generate the same amount\Nof media attention and communal outcry
Dialogue: 0,0:13:41.32,0:13:46.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the lost lives\Nof their fallen brothers?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:46.18,0:13:49.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's time for a change.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:49.41,0:13:54.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what can we do?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.87,0:13:59.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2014, the African-American\NPolicy Forum began to demand
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.82,0:14:04.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we "say her name"
Dialogue: 0,0:14:04.62,0:14:08.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at rallies, at protests,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:08.14,0:14:11.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at conferences, at meetings,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:11.01,0:14:13.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,anywhere and everywhere
Dialogue: 0,0:14:13.50,0:14:16.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that state violence against black bodies\Nis being discussed.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:16.85,0:14:21.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But saying her name is not enough.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.83,0:14:24.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have to be willing to do more.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.07,0:14:27.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have to be willing to bear witness,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.49,0:14:30.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to bear witness to the often\Npainful realities
Dialogue: 0,0:14:30.91,0:14:33.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we would just rather not confront,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:33.92,0:14:37.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the everyday violence and humiliation
Dialogue: 0,0:14:37.16,0:14:40.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that many black women have had to face,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.23,0:14:42.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,black women across color,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:42.63,0:14:45.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,age, gender expression,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.52,0:14:49.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sexuality, and ability.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:49.11,0:14:51.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we have the opportunity right now,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:51.36,0:14:57.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bearing in mind that some of the images\Nthat I'm about to share with you
Dialogue: 0,0:14:57.54,0:15:00.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,may be triggering for some,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:00.25,0:15:02.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to collectively bear witness
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.28,0:15:06.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to some of this violence.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.38,0:15:08.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're going to hear the voice
Dialogue: 0,0:15:08.38,0:15:11.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the phenomenal Abby Dobson,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:11.38,0:15:14.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and as we sit with these women,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:14.97,0:15:21.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some who have experienced violence\Nand some who have not survived them,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:21.28,0:15:26.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have an opportunity to reverse what\Nhappened at the beginning of this talk,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:26.72,0:15:29.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we could not stand for these women
Dialogue: 0,0:15:29.59,0:15:33.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we did not know their names.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:33.89,0:15:38.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So at the end of this clip,\Nthere's going to be a roll call.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:38.86,0:15:42.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Several black women's names will come up.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:42.84,0:15:47.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd like those of you who are able\Nto join us in saying these names
Dialogue: 0,0:15:47.90,0:15:50.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as loud as you can,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:50.32,0:15:53.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,randomly, disorderly.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:53.44,0:15:56.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's create a cacophony of sound
Dialogue: 0,0:15:56.71,0:16:03.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to represent our intention
Dialogue: 0,0:16:03.47,0:16:04.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to hold these women up,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:04.47,0:16:05.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to sit with them,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:05.67,0:16:06.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to bear witness to them,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:06.81,0:16:09.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to bring them into the light.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:16.66,0:16:29.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Abby Dobson: Say, say her name.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:30.88,0:16:37.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Say
Dialogue: 0,0:16:38.39,0:16:44.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Say her name
Dialogue: 0,0:16:46.06,0:16:53.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh
Dialogue: 0,0:16:53.92,0:17:02.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Say her name
Dialogue: 0,0:17:02.94,0:17:10.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Say, say
Dialogue: 0,0:17:10.54,0:17:17.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Say her name
Dialogue: 0,0:17:17.59,0:17:23.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Say her name
Dialogue: 0,0:17:23.33,0:17:34.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All the names I'll never know
Dialogue: 0,0:17:34.09,0:17:46.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Say her name
Dialogue: 0,0:17:49.25,0:17:56.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Say her name
Dialogue: 0,0:17:59.32,0:18:02.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kimberlé Crenshaw: So I said\Nat the beginning,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:02.16,0:18:05.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we can't see a problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:05.67,0:18:08.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can't fix a problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:08.60,0:18:12.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Together, we've come together\Nto bear witness
Dialogue: 0,0:18:12.54,0:18:15.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to these women's lost lives,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:15.16,0:18:17.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the time now is to move
Dialogue: 0,0:18:17.82,0:18:20.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from mourning and grief
Dialogue: 0,0:18:20.04,0:18:24.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to action and transformation.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:24.09,0:18:27.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is something that we can do.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:27.70,0:18:29.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's up to us.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:29.89,0:18:32.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you for joining us.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:32.70,0:18:36.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)