0:00:07.036,0:00:08.073 Hi everyone! 0:00:08.446,0:00:12.675 Welcome to [br]"Globalization, Education, and Localization: 0:00:12.675,0:00:16.413 How a little bit of language can go[br]a long way at work." 0:00:16.770,0:00:19.434 My name is Stephanie Horn and I'm excited 0:00:19.434,0:00:23.722 to be presenting today from my home[br]in New-York, in the United States, 0:00:23.722,0:00:26.204 which is actually nowhere[br]near New-York City. 0:00:26.655,0:00:29.038 This is my second time at the Gathering, 0:00:29.038,0:00:31.378 I actually wanted to... 0:00:31.378,0:00:33.237 I've wanted to go for years, 0:00:33.539,0:00:36.856 but I've been a teacher and [br]it's right around final exam time 0:00:36.856,0:00:39.013 so not really time to travel, so 0:00:39.564,0:00:41.852 I was able to attend virtually last year, 0:00:41.852,0:00:44.918 and you know, hopefully I'll be able[br]to come in person someday. 0:00:46.638,0:00:50.269 So the title is definitely a cute rhyme, 0:00:50.269,0:00:52.720 but it's also the structure[br]of the presentation, 0:00:52.720,0:00:56.568 so, let's break down what each part means. 0:00:57.640,0:01:00.038 The first part is "Globalization", 0:01:00.038,0:01:04.420 and we often use this word when talking[br]about international companies, 0:01:04.420,0:01:06.438 and international influences. 0:01:06.438,0:01:08.817 I went to business school[br]to study accounting 0:01:08.817,0:01:12.730 and my professors would always talk about[br]the world getting smaller, 0:01:12.730,0:01:16.198 which means that you know,[br]with the Internet, the ability to travel, 0:01:16.198,0:01:20.582 and disposable income, people can now[br]access more parts of the world 0:01:20.582,0:01:22.632 than they could even a few decades ago. 0:01:23.515,0:01:26.913 With access to the world, comes access[br]to language, cultures, 0:01:26.913,0:01:30.064 and sometimes more jobs[br]or business opportunities. 0:01:30.315,0:01:32.991 So under this umbrella of globalization, 0:01:32.991,0:01:35.846 I will talk about my experiences[br]trying out languages 0:01:35.846,0:01:38.974 with colleagues and clients who are[br]from all over the world. 0:01:40.341,0:01:41.956 Next is "Education". 0:01:42.139,0:01:44.990 As I mentionned at the beginning,[br]I used to be a teacher. 0:01:44.990,0:01:48.255 I taught English to speakers[br]of other languages for seven years 0:01:48.255,0:01:50.902 in the United States and[br]in a few other countries, 0:01:50.902,0:01:53.724 and the interesting thing about teaching 0:01:53.724,0:01:56.407 your native language in your native country 0:01:56.407,0:01:59.617 is that you often end up with students[br]from all over the world, 0:01:59.617,0:02:02.708 with multiple languages spoken[br]in the classroom, and many of which 0:02:02.708,0:02:04.353 you don't even know yourself. 0:02:04.518,0:02:09.792 So I'll explain how I navigated some of[br]these multilingual challenges as a teacher 0:02:09.792,0:02:11.926 in this education segment. 0:02:12.993,0:02:14.807 Then, we have "Localization". 0:02:15.474,0:02:20.274 "Localization" is a term used for adapting[br]products or services to different regions. 0:02:20.503,0:02:23.808 And this often means translating[br]into the local language, 0:02:23.808,0:02:26.807 or adjusting for cultural norms[br]and expectations. 0:02:27.874,0:02:30.924 I'm currently project manager[br]in the translation industry, 0:02:30.924,0:02:35.040 and I very often work with languages[br]that I can't read or write, 0:02:35.040,0:02:38.807 so I'll explain how all of that works[br]in localization. 0:02:40.107,0:02:42.356 And then, the final part of the title is 0:02:42.356,0:02:45.507 "How a little bit of language[br]can go a long way at work." 0:02:45.805,0:02:48.289 And so, that's kind of trying[br]to answer the question 0:02:48.289,0:02:52.607 "How can I use basic language skills[br]to benefit myself and others?" 0:02:53.008,0:02:54.841 And that keyword is "basic", 0:02:54.841,0:02:58.911 which I guess we could say is like[br]A1 or A2 in the common european framework. 0:02:58.911,0:03:01.835 So knowing a bit of vocabulary, [br]being able to 0:03:01.835,0:03:04.524 hold a small conversation,[br]things like that. 0:03:05.350,0:03:08.433 There's definitvely lots of different[br]schools of thought 0:03:08.433,0:03:10.301 in the language learning community, 0:03:10.301,0:03:12.992 about what it really means[br]to know a language, 0:03:12.992,0:03:15.339 or when knowledge can be considered useful, 0:03:15.339,0:03:18.267 and, you know I'm not trying to argue that 0:03:18.267,0:03:21.834 being able to say "sziasztok" means that[br]you're fluent in Hungarian, 0:03:21.834,0:03:24.482 but I do think that any amount[br]of knowledge 0:03:24.482,0:03:26.707 can be useful in the right context. 0:03:27.151,0:03:29.874 So in short, I'll be explaining how[br]I've been able 0:03:29.874,0:03:32.824 to use basic language skills[br]to make a difference 0:03:32.824,0:03:36.556 in different multicultural and[br]multilingual worplaces, 0:03:36.556,0:03:38.640 and how you might be able to as well. 0:03:39.881,0:03:43.394 So let's talk first about this term[br]"Imposter Syndrome". 0:03:43.394,0:03:46.290 It's probably something that[br]many of us can relate to. 0:03:46.820,0:03:49.176 So Imposter Syndrome is doubting[br]your abilities 0:03:49.176,0:03:51.740 or thinking you're not good enough, 0:03:51.740,0:03:53.539 or that you don't deserve[br]your accomplishments. 0:03:53.874,0:03:56.453 I see this all the time, and[br]experience it myself, 0:03:57.143,0:03:59.315 people write a gramatically perfect post, 0:03:59.315,0:04:02.119 and then end it with, you know,[br]"Sorry for my bad English!" 0:04:02.119,0:04:05.603 or they scored a C1at a language exam,[br]and like, 0:04:05.603,0:04:08.845 "Oh, must have just been a lucky day,[br]because my Dutch is terrible!" 0:04:08.845,0:04:10.724 or, you know, 0:04:10.724,0:04:13.128 "Oh, well I speak three languages[br]but you know, 0:04:13.128,0:04:16.229 it's not that big of a deal, because[br]this person speaks five!" 0:04:16.489,0:04:17.882 It's great to be humble, 0:04:17.882,0:04:20.255 and recognize that you have more to learn, 0:04:20.255,0:04:23.962 but being too humble can actually[br]be detrimental 0:04:23.962,0:04:26.195 to your motivation and success. 0:04:27.303,0:04:29.833 So what can we do to stop feeling 0:04:29.833,0:04:31.646 like our skills are not good enough? 0:04:31.845,0:04:33.504 It's really about your mindset. 0:04:33.624,0:04:36.312 Start by setting small realistic checkpoints 0:04:36.312,0:04:37.858 on the way to your end goal, 0:04:37.858,0:04:39.508 and celebrate when you reach them! 0:04:39.938,0:04:42.228 I studied abroad in Hungary many years ago 0:04:42.228,0:04:44.299 and my goal was to be able to have 0:04:44.299,0:04:46.456 a conversation with my friends in hungarian 0:04:46.456,0:04:47.557 by the time I left. 0:04:48.190,0:04:50.850 Some of my goals along the way included 0:04:50.850,0:04:52.885 buying a bus ticket without anyone[br]translating for me, 0:04:52.885,0:04:55.203 or asking a stranger for directions 0:04:55.203,0:04:57.610 and understanding the response. 0:04:57.393,0:04:59.978 And each time I did something like that, 0:04:59.978,0:05:02.700 I just had to remind myself that you know, 0:05:02.700,0:05:03.603 "I couldn't do this yesterday, 0:05:03.603,0:05:05.564 so it's awesome that I can do it today!" 0:05:05.592,0:05:07.873 And just, you know, celebrating[br]that little win. 0:05:08.523,0:05:12.121 A lot of us also dream of being mistaken[br]for native speakers, 0:05:12.121,0:05:14.752 and it's really cool when you are, 0:05:14.752,0:05:17.547 but I also think, spending too much time 0:05:17.572,0:05:19.522 comparing yourself to native speakers 0:05:19.522,0:05:21.587 can be destructive to your self-esteem. 0:05:22.174,0:05:24.720 Native speakers have had an entire lifetime 0:05:24.720,0:05:27.305 of experience speaking your target language, 0:05:27.305,0:05:29.589 so they have years more practice than you do. 0:05:30.250,0:05:33.508 It's like starting piano lessons and[br]thinking you're terrible 0:05:33.508,0:05:36.910 because you don't play as well[br]as Mozart and Beethoven. 0:05:36.910,0:05:38.341 You know, it's great to look up[br]to these people, 0:05:38.341,0:05:40.920 and use them as role models for improving[br]your skills, 0:05:40.920,0:05:42.908 but just, you know, be careful 0:05:42.908,0:05:45.997 with how you let that affect your self-worth. 0:05:46.215,0:05:48.300 As long as your making progress, 0:05:48.300,0:05:50.107 you're moving in the right direction. 0:05:50.267,0:05:52.884 And finally, consider your purpose[br]for learning 0:05:52.884,0:05:55.050 and use that to mesure your progress. 0:05:55.633,0:05:58.131 So if you want to be conversationnal[br]in Korean, 0:05:58.131,0:05:59.550 and you can make jokes, 0:05:59.550,0:06:03.017 you can navigate the honorific system[br]correctly, 0:06:03.017,0:06:06.100 you can carry on conversations about[br]various topics, 0:06:06.100,0:06:07.683 but you can't understand 0:06:07.683,0:06:10.499 a Korean research paper about[br]organic chemistry, 0:06:10.499,0:06:13.665 I think you can still call yourself[br]conversationnal. 0:06:14.031,0:06:17.998 Because your goal was never[br]to discuss scientific issues 0:06:17.998,0:06:20.599 at an intense, you know, level, 0:06:20.599,0:06:22.649 so it makes sense that you never focused 0:06:22.649,0:06:25.881 on the terminology or background knowledge[br]needed to do so. 0:06:26.399,0:06:29.782 So using that to measure your abilities[br]is unfair to yourself. 0:06:30.678,0:06:34.368 You know, hopefully the next time you find[br]yourself dwelling on your mistakes 0:06:34.368,0:06:36.934 or feeling bad about your language[br]learning abilities, 0:06:36.934,0:06:39.427 you'll remember some of these tips[br]and keep going. 0:06:40.757,0:06:43.101 Moving on to "Globalization", 0:06:43.101,0:06:45.533 just something that I wanted to point out, 0:06:45.533,0:06:48.533 last year Aleksandar Medjedovic[br]did a great presentation 0:06:48.533,0:06:50.116 called "Do you speak business?", 0:06:50.116,0:06:51.809 about the way knowing languages 0:06:51.809,0:06:54.232 could impact your career[br]in different job sectors. 0:06:54.583,0:06:56.800 And I'd really recommend checking that out 0:06:56.800,0:06:58.998 if you are looking to market[br]your languages 0:06:58.998,0:07:00.265 for job opportunities. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Since we are focusing more on basic skills[br]here I'll just talk a little bit 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 about when I think you should or shouldn't[br]try to communicate in a foreign language 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that you're just begining to learn. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So why you should try : 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 One thing is that people care[br]when they think that /you/ care. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So of courses there are cultural differences, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in how employers and employees 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 treat each other and interact[br]with each other in the workplace 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 depending on where you are, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but I think that most of us would agree[br]that we like to feel valued and included, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and when we feel valued and included, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we take more pride in what we do, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and that leads to better performance[br]and productivity, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 which is great for everyone. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So when you have employees or colleagues[br]that speak another language, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 taking the time to learn about[br]their language and culture 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 sends a message that[br]they're important to you, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and worth your time, and you get 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to establish much more meaninful[br]connections with them. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 My friend worked in a kitchen with mostly[br]Spanish speaking employees 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and when she started using Spanish[br]to talk with them, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 it really improved the mood in the kitchen[br]and boosted morale, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because everyone really appreciated 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that their boss was going out of her way 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to communicate with them[br]in their language. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And a lot of bosses don't really[br]take the time to do that. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I worked in a school with[br]a colleague from Nepal, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and I had worked in previous jobs[br]with Nepalese students, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I was getting ready for a trip to Nepal, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so I started, you know,[br]speaking a little bit of Nepalese with him 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and he was really excited because no one else[br]had really tried to do that before. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And we ended up becoming friends, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and we developped a bond that helped[br]both of us, you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 personally and profesionally. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So without that language[br]as a common ground, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we might have not thought[br]to connect in that way. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We might not have been, you know,[br]as likely to establish a friendship. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Language can also open the door[br]to business and networking opportunities. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I used recruit international students[br]at a local school, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and I once traveled[br]with a group of recruiters 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to a business school in China. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 None of us spoke Mandarin very well, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but some of us tried to speak what we knew, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and engage in small talk[br]with students and teachers. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 When it came time for students[br]to pick the school they liked, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they almost always picked the school[br]with recruiters who tried 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to speak in their language. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Because we were the ones who showed[br]that we cared about them, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 beyond just the money[br]they were going to give us. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And you know, we made the kids feel like[br]we'd do our best to look out for them, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and make them feel safe and comfortable[br]if they came to study with us. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So that personal touch and connection[br]can make a big difference in business, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so language is just one of the ways[br]you can do that, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you don't need to be[br]fluent or very proficent 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to be able to, you know,[br]make a little difference. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Those are just two ways that[br]basic language skills 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 can be helpful in the workplace, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but of course there are times when[br]you should stick to your native language 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or the established language of business[br]for your workplace. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So when I say "the established[br]language of business", 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 my current company for example has offices[br]and business partners 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in many countries around the world, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but we're supposed to do all official[br]client communication in English. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So that's our, like, established language[br]of business. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 You should really be careful of anything[br]beyond small talk, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 any negotiation, technical discussions, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 topics that require expressing[br]complex ideas, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 those should be done in a language[br]you speak conmfortably. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It's really important that everyone's[br]thoughts and questions 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 are communicated accurately when[br]business is at stake, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so you should do that in a language 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that you feel really comfortable with, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 even if it requires, you know,[br]the use of a translator or interpreter. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The same with legal informations, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or informations that your colleagues[br]might need access to later, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and they don't speak your target language. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So that would be like contracts, instructions, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 policy updates, any of those should be[br]documented 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in the established language of business. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And you know, I do believe that any employee 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 who don't speak or read the established[br]language of business very proficiently 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 should have access to[br]this type of information 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in their home language,[br]but that's not something 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that you as a beginner should be doing, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you should be outsourcing that to someone[br]who is fluent in the home language, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 like a profesionnal translator[br]or interpreter. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Next we move on to "Education". 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, just to show you how truly multilingual[br]this experience has been, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I've compiled a list of languages 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and created a map of the birthplaces[br]of students I've worked with 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 as an "English as a New Language"[br]or an ENL teacher. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And these are the ways the students have[br]identified their languages themselves, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 it's not meant to be political in any way. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Yeah, so to give a bit of background, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I've taught every grade from kindergarten, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 which in the U.S begins at age four or five, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or adult education classes, with students 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 as old as 75. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Some were international students, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 meaning they came to the U.S[br]for the purpose of studying, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 some were immigrants whose families[br]had chosen to move here for work 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or other opportunities. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And most were refugees who were displaced[br]from their homes for a variety of reason, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and selected to relocate to my city. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Even though the United States doesn't have[br]an official language, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 most of the schools in the country have[br]instructions in English. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So when a student enroll in school[br]for the first time in New York state, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they are asked which languages are spoken[br]at home and, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 depending on the answer, they take[br]a placement exam 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to determine their level of English, and[br]what language services they need. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The students take another exam at the end[br]of the school year 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to measure their progress and decide 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 what services they need next year, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and they keep taking this test every year 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 until their scores are high enough[br]to be proficient. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We do teach social English,[br]but the primary goal is 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 English for academic purposes,[br]because we want all of our students 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to graduate and have professional success, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 whether they go to college[br]or go right into the workplace. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It's probably a very different experience[br]that some of you have had 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 learning languages for fun. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I also want to bring up some of[br]the challenges that my students have faced. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Because I don't think that it applies[br]to all language learners, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but it's really like a good perspective[br]to have. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Some of my students have missed years[br]of school, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 maybe even never went to school before, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 due to circumstances like sickness or war. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 They might have never even learnt to read[br]or do maths, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 which means even, you know, some teenagers[br]we start working with, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we need to teach them the fundamentals[br]of learning in addition to language skills. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So many of our students struggle[br]with adapting to 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 american school culture but the kids[br]with interrupted and limited schooling 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 have even more difficult adjusting[br]and progressing. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Which is not to say they can't be successful, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but they just have more challenges[br]to overcome than other kids their age. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Many of my students experience[br]post-traumatic stress disorder, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 based on situations that happened to them 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 before they came to our school. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And this can affect their concentration 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and ability to take in new informations. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Lack of technology skills or ressources[br]is a huge issue as well. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Even before school went remote because[br]of the pandemic, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in the U.S most schools required students[br]to carry around a computer, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and do all their work online. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 But not all students are comfortable[br]with technology, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or have access to it at home. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I actually once worked with a 17 years old[br]who grew up in a refugee camp, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and didn't know what a computer was[br]until his first day in our school. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So we actually had to spend like, a week, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 teaching him how to sign on a computer, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and to use a password, and then[br]we had to teach him to, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you know, use Google Docs. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I'm sure technology has been[br]a great benefit 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to many of you while learning languages 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so you know, just imagine how different[br]the experience might have been 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 without all the access to it. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Age is also a factor, which is not to say 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you can't learn a language[br]after a certain age, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but it does affect the services[br]that people can receive. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, in New-York state, most american kids[br]ograduate high-school by age 17 or 18, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but you can go to public school[br]until age 21. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So anyone in public school who requires[br]english services receive them for free. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Once you graduate or turn 21,[br]you're no longer eligible for free services. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, depending on how old you are[br]when you arrive in New-York 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you need to learn english[br]completely by yourself 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or just do volunteer programs,[br]that sometimes don't have certified teachers. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 That's often easier said than done 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 when you consider some of[br]these others factors. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And, due to the limited services for adults, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 there is many situations where immigrant[br]and refugee children 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 speak english better than their parents, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so parents often rely on their children 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to interprate and translate and take care[br]of important matters for the family. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Sometimes parents aren't able to help 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 with homework or other importants[br]school issues, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because they aren't educated themselves[br]or, you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 just the american school environment[br]is just so new to them, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that they don't know how to help. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Sometimes children miss school or[br]can't get their homework done 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because they're working or taking[br]their parents to appointments. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So very often these kids, you know,[br]a lot of my students said 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that they always felt like[br]the adult in the family, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and it can lead to power struggles[br]within the family, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and it can often lead to less emphasis on[br]school. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And finally, while many of my students[br]are polyglots, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I mean, I worked with a few students who[br]spoke five or six languages 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 before learning english, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 sometimes they feel that their skills[br]are not valued, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because they don't speak, maybe like[br]a cool language, or a popular language, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 which is unfortunately often tied to race[br]or country of origin, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and these students might struggle with[br]motivation or confidence or making friends, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and they might struggle more with that[br]Impostor Syndrome. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 You know, thinking that, you know,[br]they have all these skills 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but it doesn't matter, because[br]they don't speak the right languages, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or they might think that they're stupid 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because they haven't picked up english[br]quickly. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 But, you know, we all know that 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the ability to learn a language[br]is not based on just your intelligence. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It's also based on your motivation, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the degree of similarity[br]with other languages you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and a whole multitude of things. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 All of these perceptions could affect[br]the ability to improve english 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or even motivation to come to school[br]at all. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I think that these are important[br]to point out, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because many of us have the privilege[br]of learning languages, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so you know, we think it's fun, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or we want to be able to watch[br]Japanese anime, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or we want to make more money at work, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and if you're at this conference you have[br]a large support system of fellow polyglots 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 who can encourage you and help you practice 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but in many cases language learning is[br]a necessity 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and without that support system 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or access to the right tools,[br]or the right state of mind, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 it can be really challenging. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, you know, I'm not asking you[br]to feel guilty or to feel pity for anyone, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but I would encourage you to find a way[br]to use your skills to support learners 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 who might not have the same opportunities. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, some examples of why, you know,[br]even though I'm trying to teach english, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 why I might use my students' languages. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The first is to build rapport, which is just[br]a fancy way of saying, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 connecting and learning[br]to trust each other. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So think of your first day at school[br]or a new job or a new city : 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 it was probably a little scary[br]if you didn't know anyone. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So imagine being a young child[br]and not knowing anyone, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 not understanding the culture, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and not understanding[br]what anyone is saying to you. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Even if people have big smiles[br]on their faces, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and they're trying to be nice,[br]it's still scary 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 if you can't understand[br]what anyone is saying. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And depending on the circumtstances[br]that led you to this new place, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you might already have a hard time[br]trusting strangers and, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you know, feeling safe. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So there is actually a term[br]in english learning 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 called the "affective filter". 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And if someone is stressed or nervous, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 all those feelings act[br]like a filter or a wall, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that prevents you from[br]retaining new information. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So if a person is feeling[br]safe and comfortable, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that filter is lowered,[br]and they can learn better. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So a good tip for trying to[br]speak a language is 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to get yourself into a environment 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 where you feel comfortable taking risks 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and you'll probably perform much better. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 As a teacher, I always try to use[br]students languages as much as possible 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 when I first meet them 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to help them feel welcome[br]and just let them know 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I'm someone that cares and[br]you can take risks around me. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I'll never forget I had a new student[br]from Cuba, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 couldn't speak any english,[br]and I showed her around the school 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 with my very elementary spanish,[br]so like, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "Okay, esta la biblioteca, esta el baño...[br]Tienes hermano?" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 You know, I don't speak spanish very well, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I actually studied italian for a long time 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so at some point I think I actually started 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 accidentally speaking italian to her, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but she was really grateful that 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I recognized she was scared,[br]and tried to make her feel better, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and eventually, when she was ready[br]to start speaking english, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 she felt comfortable trying that with me, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because she'd already seen me[br]embarass myself, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and step out of my comfort zone. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So I set the tone for the class, like 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "It's okay to make mistakes here!" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And, you know, as a teacher in general 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I would encourage you to create[br]that environment yourself. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Anyone who tried immersion in[br]their target language 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 knows that it's very exhausting, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 it can be really embarassing, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and how relieving and empowering it is 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 when you actually understand[br]what people are saying. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, you know, those little bits of[br]the student's first language 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 can be a breath of fresh air[br]at first. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It's also helpful in meeting parents. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So a lot of students' parents are nervous[br]about coming to school 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because they don't speak english 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and the american school system is[br]so different from what they're used to. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So we do use interpreters for conversations[br]with parents, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but speaking a few words and phrases[br]of the home language yourself 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 sets the tone of the visit that, you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "we care about you and welcome you[br]want to work with you." 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Another reason to learn[br]your students' language is 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 it can actually help you be[br]a better teacher in some ways 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because understanding how[br]another language works 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 helps you understand the differences[br]with your native language. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So as an english teacher, understanding 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 some of the fundamentals of different[br]languages means like, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "Okay I've got a new student who is 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 from an arabic speaking country,[br]they'll, you know, definitely need 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to learn the latin alphabet, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and they'll need to learn how to write[br]left to right instead of right to left. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 But they also might have trouble[br]with /b/ and /p/. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Their writing, you know they might[br]need help with when to use a comma, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or when to stop a sentence. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I found a lot of my Aarabic speakers[br]would have like, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 really run-on sentences because of the way[br]that writing system is different in Arabic. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Every student is different, and will have[br]unique challenges to learning language. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I've actually worked with twins and triplets[br]who have had totally different needs. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 But understanding their language background 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 can really help you figure out[br]starting points for what to teach. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And of course, your goal as an ENL teacher 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 is ultimately to teach students English 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but there are times when you need to[br]communicate to students or families 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in their home language and, there's limits[br]to what you should do yourself. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I would go to a professional translator[br]or interpreter 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 for anything that's highly academic, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 any important legal or school information, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 like anything you'd send home[br]to all the parents, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that should be available in the parents'[br]home language. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And any serious mental or physical health[br]concerns, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 like if you needed to go to a psychiatrist 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or a social worker. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 A1 or A2 language skills can make[br]a huge difference 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in helping families to acclimate and learn[br]English, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but it's not very enough to discuss[br]very serious topics 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that could impact a child's future[br]or health and, you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we try to treat everyone with dignity[br]and respect, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 regardless of their language background so, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 if I'm trying to have a serious discussion[br]while trying to talk to an adult 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 with the vocabulary of a child, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you know, that's maybe not the most[br]respectful way 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to include them in the conversation. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, how do we communicate, when we can't[br]communicate? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Well, there's a lot of great[br]professional services 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 for schools and workplaces,[br]in the United States at least. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We have local translations agencies, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that will not only translate letters and[br]school documents, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but also state exams. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The translators will sit with the students 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and read questions, or even the whole test. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We've even had a student write[br]a whole essay in Ukrainian, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and the translator translated it[br]into English for us. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So these things helps us understand 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 what the students actually know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and not just what they're limited in[br]expressing through English skills. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 New-York also has bilingual glossaries,[br]which I'll show in a minute, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 these are for major school subjects 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and in a ton of different languages, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and students can use them for reference 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 when working with academic vocabulary. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And we also have an over-the-phone[br]interpreting service, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 which when you call the number,[br]you punch in a code, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I think it's like, 23 for Arabic, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and they get an interpreter on the phone, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 who can help you make phone calls. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 They can also be, you know,[br]if you're in a meeting 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and an interpreter is not present,[br]you could put the phone on speakerphone 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and have that interpreter interpret[br]the conversation. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Some strategies that I use as a teacher, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I think the best way to help students is 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to just meet them at their level. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 There is a language learning theory called[br]"I+one", 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 which means that the best way to improve[br]your language skills 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 is to expose yourself to content that is 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 just a little bit more difficult that[br]your current level. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 If it's too easy you won't progress, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and if it's way too hard you won't progress[br]either, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because you know, you might burn out. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So expecting students that, you know, came[br]with a very low English proficiency score, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 expecting them to read and understand[br]a History textbook 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 on their first day of school[br]probably isn't very fair, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and will probably kill their self-esteem. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 But maybe they can read a picture book[br]about an historical event, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and answer questions about it. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Start there, gradually add more. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Some examples of specific supports are[br]like simplified texts, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 which maybe some of you use[br]in your target language, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and sentence frames, to help with writing. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, in these cases here are[br]some sentence frames 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that I might help the student with[br]for an essay or a debate. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So all they really have to focus on at first 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 is putting in like, the meat of the content. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And then, they kind of see these examples 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and learn the structures of the sentences 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that we would expect them to write. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And here are some bilingual glossaries, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so here is English Language Arts[br]in Albanian, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Math glossary for grades 3 to 5 in Tibetan, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and Slovak Earth Science, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and here is Physics for Twi. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And while we're on the topic of translation, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we can move on to localization. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Here's another fun list :[br]all the languages I've worked with 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 since starting work as a project manager 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in the translation industry. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 As you can see there's a lot of languages[br]and just to clarify, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 translation is reading and writing, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and interpretation is speaking[br]and listening. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So I wish I could read and write[br]all these languages, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but I do not. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, people ask a lot, you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "Do I need to know a bunch of languages[br]to work in the translation industry?" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And I have been surprised to find out 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that really the only ones that require 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 fluency or proficiency in[br]multiple languages 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 are translator and interpreter. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And you would typically translate[br]or interprate 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 into your native language because, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you know, I guess that depends on need, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but you might be fluent in[br]a bunch of languages, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but you'll typically better understand[br]the cultural or linguistic nuances 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that make the words sound natural[br]in your native language. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And then, we also like, really look for[br]people who have industry experience, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so if I'm translating a medical document, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I'd hire a linguist who has[br]medical experience 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 over a linguist with business experience. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Same for legal documents,[br]engineering documents, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 anything with technical knowkedge. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So if you want to be a translator, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 it really helps to study and work[br]in other fields 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 besides just studying linguistics. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 My friend is an American sign language[br]interpreter, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and she had to interpret for[br]a biochemistry exam 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and I just, you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 she had to learn a whole bunch of[br]biochemistry 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to be able to help,[br]because she's like, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "This is not my field at all!" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So yeah, obviously that industry knowledge[br]makes a big difference 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 depending on what your translating or[br]interpreting. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And, you know, for any job we also look[br]for communication 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and ability to meet deadlines, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so if you produce great work, [br]but you're rude, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and you don't turn your work in on time, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 people won't want to hire you. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And then, yeah, here are a few jobs 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in the translation industry, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that don't always require knowing 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 a bunch of languages outside of 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 your company's official language of business. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 This was really surprising to me,[br]when I started. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 How many jobs there are where other skills 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 are kind of, maybe maybe more important. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So for example my company's[br]language of business is English. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I need to know English for my job 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so I can communicate with clients[br]and service providers, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but if I'm managing a translation project[br]in Turkish and Swahili, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I don't need to understand those languages[br]to do my job. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So examples, I'm a project manager 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that's what I do, when we receive a project 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I kind of hire the linguist to do the job, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and anyone to do like, special services, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and I deliver it and, you know,[br]do quality checks. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Graphic Designers and Media Specialists 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 are the ones that actually, you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 actually put the translation into posters[br]and videos, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and make sure it looks good. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Localization Engineers are programmers, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so they get the translation 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 into apps and websites. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And the recruiters are people who 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 find people to work for the company 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in different departments, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and negotiate their pay. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So in many of these jobs 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you'll be surrounded by languages 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but you don't have to know them all fluently. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Instead you'll have to know things 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 like programming or working in indesign, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or building relationships 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and communicating effectively... 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So these are great jobs to look into 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 if you like languages, but you're maybe not... 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 You don't have the skills to be[br]a translator or an interpreter, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or that doesn't really interest you. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 There's lot of other things you can do, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and still work with languages. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So I don't always know the languages, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I don't always speak or read the languages[br]needed within the project, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so a lot of responsability does fall 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 on our translators and interpreters 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to make sure the project is completed with[br]the best quality. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 But there are some translation tools that 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 even I, you know, can use for quality. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So one is the translation memory,[br]or the TM. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 When we put a document into[br]translation software, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the text is divided up into segmrents[br]like sentences or phrases. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And when the project is finished, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the segment is saved into[br]the translation memory 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 for future use. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So the next time that segment appears[br]in another project, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 it will show you similar segments[br]that were already translated, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 which helps with consistency. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Here, this is a software called memoQ, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we see "The next stop is Tower Bridge", 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and that's 70% similar[br]to a previous translation 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "The next stop is Charring Cross" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So that 70% is the similarity[br]to previous translations, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and it also tells you what's different[br]between the translations. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So here the only difference is that 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 one is Charring Cross,[br]the other is Tower Bridge, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and we won't be translating those names[br]anyway, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so we can use that same construction 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 (German): "Die nächste Haltestelle ist" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and then you just put in "Tower Bridge". 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Another thing that helps is the Term base. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So this is a glossary that the client[br]provides to us, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that tells us their preferred translation 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 for certain words and phrases. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And it's programmed into the software, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so anytime the word or phrase appears[br]in the text, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the linguist knows to use that. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 In this case it's a program called[br]Memsource, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and these yellow words mean that 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 there's something in the Term base for them, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and red mean that you should not ever use[br]that translation. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So my russian is not great, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but I know that "download" should be 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 translated as "скачать". 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So if a different word is used, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I know that the linguist didn't follow[br]the Term base. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And I know here, "Memsource" should not ever 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 be spelled with a capital "S". 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So that helps with consistency as well. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And we also have what's called[br]a Quality Assurance, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or QA check, which are automated checks 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 for translations errors or, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you know it basically looks into[br]the translation, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 analyzes them against rules or ressources[br]that we programmed in, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and it helps us look for inconsistencies. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So here, this is from MadCap Lingo, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 there's three different translations of 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall", 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that are all a little bit different. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So what I would do, if I was looking at[br]this QA report, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I would ask the linguist to review them, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and just make sure that those are supposed 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to be intentionally different. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And if not, then they should fix them 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to meke them more standard. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So it's not necessary to know the languages[br]your team is translating, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but there are a few ways it can be helpful. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So one would be catching small mistakes, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 like typos, or if there is issues[br]with formatting, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 maybe a word is supposed to be bolded[br]in the english file, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but the formatting didn't transfer over[br]to the target file. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 If you know those words then you can[br]kind of find that. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 That's also helpful if you know[br]right to left languages, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 like Hebrew and Arabic. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Sometimes when you copy and paste 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 into certain files formats, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the orientation is not preserved, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so it comes out backward. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 If you don't know those languages 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you might not realize that you might send 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 something to the client that's[br]completely useless. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, that's always very helpful, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and we do use English for official[br]communications 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but any opportunity to use a little bit[br]of languages with your partners 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 during small talks is always appreciated. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Very helpful for phone calls too! 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 A lot of our clients and service providers 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 have operators who only speak the local[br]language 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so if you call and try to speak english, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I've been hang up on before. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 One time I reached an answering machine[br]in French 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and I left an awkard message because[br]I don't speak French, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and I didn't realize the answering machine 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 said that they were closed for the next[br]three days, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and I only figured that out 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 after a colleague called them with[br]a question. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And you know, a little bit of French 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 might have been helpful there! 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We can also sometimes use our knowledge[br]in QA reports, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 even knowing a little bit about grammar[br]could be helpful. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So here are some examples of text 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that might show up in the Term base. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So in the case of Polish, there's only[br]one word 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that we use for "operating system"[br]that's translated in. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And so there's all these different[br]declensions, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 where the computer just reads the rule: 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "'operating system" has always been[br]translated this way" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and flags all of these as errors, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but depending on the context,[br]these are correct. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Same with Latvian. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The Term base only says translate "patients"[br]as this, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and if this comes up, then it will say[br]an error. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So that's a false positive. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Unfortunately, computers can't critically[br]think 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the way that we can, so this happens a lot. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The same with Portuguese, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in these two cases, there's two different[br]versions of the word "good", 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and it's flagged for inconsistency, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but they're actually correct because 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 there are gender differences, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and the words they are referring to, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 one is male and the other one is female, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so they actually should not be[br]the same word. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And the same in German: 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in this case "die die" is flagged as[br]a potential typo 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because the same word shows up twice. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 But in this case "die" is a relative pronoun 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 for "Die Frau", "The woman", 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and it can also be an article 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 for "the milk", "die Milch". 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So that's actually correct, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but a computer just knows the rules 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to, you know, make sure that the same word[br]isn't repeated. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 This happens in some other languages[br]as well. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So these are examples of times 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 when you might be able to use[br]your basic language skills 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in a translation project 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but of course you need to be very careful. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Anything that's highly specialized, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 something you're not 100% sure about, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you should always leave to[br]a professional linguist. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 People pay a lot of money for translation, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and we have certain international standards 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we have to meet for quality, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and that means that, you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I shouldn't be translating things myself 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 if I'm not a certified linguist. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And you know, anything that's more than[br]small talk, and related to business, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 should be done in your company's[br]established language of business. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So I've mentionned using professional[br]quite a few times, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and the focus has of course been[br]on beginner skills, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but some of you might be interested 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in becoming one of these[br]language professional yourself. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And I'm not a hiring manager or expert, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but I just wanted to, you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 maybe flesh out some of the ideas[br]I've already talked about. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I mentionned over-the-phone interpreting,[br]earlier, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 which I used a lot as a teacher 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 when communicating with families. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 If you don't have a lot of opportunities 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 for interpreting in your immediate area, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but you're highly proficient in speaking[br]two or more languages, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I'd look into something like this. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 You know, just know that interpreting is 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 not just knowing the languages, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but there is also skills such as, you know 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 being able to think in both languages[br]at the same time, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and being able to, you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 give timely feedback. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I would definitely, you know, suggest[br]training for this, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but that's something you could look into. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Same with translation: 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Translators Without Borders is an awesome[br]humanitarian organisation, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that strives to provides access[br]to information to everyone 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 regardless of their language background. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I am not affiliated with them, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but I follow a lot of what they do[br]on social medias, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and I know they're a non-profit organisation, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and they're always looking for volunteers[br]who write and write multiple languages, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 especially languages without a lot of[br]mainstream representation. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So like, for example, a lot of things[br]are translated into French for Africa, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but there's so many languages in Africa, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and so many people that don't speak French[br]well, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and if you just rely on French to spread[br]information, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that's not really equitable for everybody. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Then, industry knowledge of course is[br]very important 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to make sure you understand the content[br]and terminology of the text, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and depending on the job you want, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you might want to consider getting[br]certifications 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or putting together a portfolio[br]of translations for review, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 which is not necessary for every job,[br]but definitely, you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 something nice to have on hand. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And, yeah, here is an example of[br]the COVID-19 Glossary, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 put together by Translators Without Borders 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to make sure that accurate information[br]was being spread 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to communities around the world,[br]regardless of language. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 They don't just do healthcare, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they do a ton of different, you know,[br]industries, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but this is something I know[br]they worked on very hard last year. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So yeah, just to sum up, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 beginner level skills do have a place[br]at work 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 for connecting with people,[br]being inclusive, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 improving you teaching, and maybe even[br]saving you some time, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but there are limitations, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 especially anything that's technical, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 legal or sensitive discussions. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And to stay motivated and measure[br]your progress, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 think about your end goal, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and set many checkpoints to reach[br]along the way. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I did see there was a question about[br]a small win, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and I guess that can kind of be[br]whatever you want it to be, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 it depends on your goal, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 everyone's goal are kind of highly[br]individualized, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so yeah, think about like, what are[br]some steps to progress to your goal, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and it's good to be realistic about 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the work that still needs to be done, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but don't let that keep you from[br]remembering 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the value of what you've already put in. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And I've already said this like four times 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but in order to get your language skills[br]to a place where 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you can use them professionally, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you'll likely need technical and[br]linguistic experience 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in the field or industry you want to work in, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 wether that's medicine, law,[br]or something else. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I'm so happy to see some questions on here! 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Yeah, I think that there are[br]a lot of people that, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they feel like, you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "English only! English is the most[br]important thing, I don't want to, um..." 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 You know, they really want to challenge[br]themselves, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and they might not appreciate some of 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the bilingual ressources we provide[br]for them. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 That's sort of their- I actually suggest 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 using your languages that you already know 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to help you learn another language, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 especially for academics purposes, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but that's sort of, I guess, up to[br]the individual themselves. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Also, yeah, I mean, I don't speak a lot of[br]languages very well, and so, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 if I didn't know the language sometimes[br]it is just easier 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to communicate in a language that, um, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 either having an interpreter or translator[br]with me, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you know, that gets things done[br]a little bit faster than, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 like I said, trying to speak with my[br]elementary skills, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 yeah, sometimes that, like I said[br]that doesn't really go very far, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and it's better to just sort of[br]cut our losses there and, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you know, get down to business. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Hope that answers your question 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 "How can I get in contact with people[br]that don't speak English 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and can't afford a school[br]or a private teacher?" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 That is also a great question 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So I can only speak to the places[br]that I've lived and worked, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but there are a lot of volunteer agencies, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that help refugees when they come[br]to your country 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that help them, you know, get [close/clothes?], 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 get acclimated, there's a lot of[br]legal paperwork 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that needs to be done[br]and so there's often very- 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 there's often some sort of[br]volunteer agency 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that has connections like this. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 My city is called the "Sanctuary City", 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 which means that we accept anybody[br]who comes in 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 regardless of their background, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so we have a ton of these agencies, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I would look maybe for refugee organisations, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and they're usually looking for volunteers. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And sometimes it's not just like,[br]teaching English, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they might also need help with bringing[br]food to families, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or donating clothes,[br]so yeah. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I would see if there's any organisations[br]like that 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in your hometown. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Yeah, that is really challenging,[br]and I would say that, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 involving mental health experts, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so like at my school, we had social workers, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we had school psychologists, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 we had, you know, juste the regular[br]student counselors 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that are more trained in those types of[br]emotionnal needs, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 andh having an interpreter or a translator[br]available 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to accurately discuss that information[br]would be very helpful. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And, yeah. Definitely involving[br]mental health professionals. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And I think, just as a teacher or as[br]someone at the workplace, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I know that a lot of refugees have,[br]you know- 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 get help with job placement. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 This could really affect their ability[br]to learn, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and their ability to do work, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so just being patient, and understanding[br]that, you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they might not be ready to do an exam[br]on Earth Science, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and sometimes you know, you need to 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 take care of those mental health needs first. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And so just being aware of that, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 getting them support with mental health[br]professionals, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and then kind of, like I said,[br]take things as they go, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and meeting them where they are, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and know that sometimes teachers, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you know they have their one way[br]of teaching, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and they want to kind of expect every kid[br]to fit into that, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and that's sort of something that's[br]changing in american schools, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that instead of teaching with the style[br]that you're comfortable with, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you might need to make adjustments[br]for kids, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and just having that flexibility and that[br]empathy is really important. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And also, you know, I don't think- 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I think sometimes we pity refugees, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and I don't think that they need pity 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I think they just need like, a friend, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 who is there to help them, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so yeah, being there for all those needs[br]is helpful as well. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 If you have access to like,[br]an over-the-phone interpreting service, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that is probably the most helpful. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I know that that's not always available, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so in that case, I guess body language[br]and images and visuals, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 those can go a long way. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 For example, I'm thinking about, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 like an emergency situation[br]like a medical situation, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you can kind of point to your head, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you can, you know, things like that, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and it's awkward but any type[br]of communication... 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 If something- [br]I think people- 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It might take a long time and it might[br]feel a little uncomfortable, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but using things like that can be really[br]helpful. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 They also- I wouldn't always recommend 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that people use their family members[br]to translate, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 just because you don't always know if 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they're telling all the right information, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and I don't mean that in a way like, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they're trying to hide anything from you, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but a professional interpreter is definitely[br]more, you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 unbiaised in what they're saying, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but if there's a family member that speaks[br]a language 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that can be really helpful in those cases. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And, "what can I consider a small win?" 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I kind of already mentionned that but, um, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 yeah, I would say that's kind of up to you 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and what you're trying to accomplish. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 If you're trying to be conversationnal, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 then, like I said with Hungarian, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I think that, you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 being able to buy a bus ticket by myself[br]is a big win, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and that's something on the way[br]to eventually being conversational. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, kind of think of your end goal, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and what are some, yeah, I guess[br]a small win can be anything, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 anything you couldn't do before 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that you can do now, that's a win! 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So this is actually very different[br]depending on 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the company that you work for[br]and the company structure. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So, I know some- 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 There's definitely a lot of planning,[br]emailing and reporting, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 because your goal is to get the project done, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and that often requires a lot of, you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 communicating between people, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but I also know that some companies have[br]like, language experts, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so they deal more with the linguist[br]side 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so I, as a project manager in[br]my current role, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I deal with both the clients[br]and the linguists. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And so the clients, that's very much like,[br]overhead, account things, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and then, the linguist expert side, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 like, I work with the linguists, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 make sure they understand the needs[br]of the project. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And yeah, I know that in some countries, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 there's some companies that might have,[br]you know, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 only people that know Spanish or work[br]on Spanish translations, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 it kind of depends on the, I guess[br]the breakdown of your company, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 if that helps. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 But you will do a lot of emailing and[br]reporting (LAUGH), I'm sure. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Yeah, so I think those are[br]all the questions, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 thank you so much! 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And if there's anyting else,[br]I left my email adress 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and my profile, I didn't really fill out[br]a lot of the other stuff, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but definitely included my email adress 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 so please feel free to reach out at me[br]at any time, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and yeah, thanks so much,[br]enjoy the rest of the conference!