[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.74,0:00:19.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, I'm a teacher and a researcher\Nat the university as you heard,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.76,0:00:25.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm interested in \Nonline safety for children.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.27,0:00:28.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I started out this research,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.75,0:00:32.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there wasn't very much \Nwritten about this area,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.51,0:00:36.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the few things \NI could find
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.51,0:00:40.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were all from \Nan adult perspective,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.26,0:00:42.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I was really interested in
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.28,0:00:44.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what the children themselves
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.74,0:00:47.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thought about online safety
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.50,0:00:50.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the dark sides of the internet.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.26,0:00:53.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I didn't really \Nknow what to do,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.25,0:00:55.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wasn't funded\Nin any way,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.26,0:00:57.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so I turned to\Nmy four children
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.03,0:01:00.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and asked them\Nhow they thought about this,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.28,0:01:02.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they became \Nmy first informants.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.52,0:01:05.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And three years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.27,0:01:10.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I finally published my PhD thesis,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.75,0:01:12.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you can look closely
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.28,0:01:14.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I am one\Nof the few women
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.25,0:01:16.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who had an academic career,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.48,0:01:19.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not in spite to the fact\Nthat she has many children
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.78,0:01:22.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but even thanks to that fact.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.77,0:01:25.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In-your-face sexism.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.29,0:01:27.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.77,0:01:30.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.53,0:01:34.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, online safety \Nfrom a children's point of view.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.26,0:01:38.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A lot of these issues,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.49,0:01:42.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,concern, so-called safe-view guides.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.73,0:01:45.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This isn't a very good microphone.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.25,0:01:48.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I hope you're not disturbed\Nby the sound, because I am.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.76,0:01:52.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Safe-use guides are lists,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.77,0:01:55.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where you compile tips and rules
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.76,0:02:00.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for how children should \Nbehave to keep safe online.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.73,0:02:05.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have looked through\Na lot of these safe-use guides
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.76,0:02:09.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from a lot of countries\Nand they are very similar.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.73,0:02:11.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They might be copied\Nfrom each other,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.76,0:02:15.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or they might be copied\Nfrom the same first source.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.03,0:02:16.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I am not sure.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.51,0:02:20.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I do know is that \Nthere are pretty old.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.75,0:02:23.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, I have traced\Nthem back in time,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.75,0:02:28.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the oldest I found \Nwhere I can be sure of the date\N
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.78,0:02:31.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is from 1997.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.52,0:02:33.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's think for a few seconds \N
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.78,0:02:39.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about how internet use\Nhas changed since 1997.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.51,0:02:42.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Quite a lot, wouldn't you say?.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.53,0:02:46.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The kind of meeting\Nplaces we know today,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.28,0:02:48.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that require a login procedure
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.51,0:02:53.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,weren't there \Nfor the normal user at least.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.49,0:02:56.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead we have \Nthese open chat rooms
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.54,0:02:59.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where you could choose\Nyour random nickname
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.27,0:03:01.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and go on chatting with people
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.28,0:03:04.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the thrill for most\Npeople was in those days:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.75,0:03:08.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,being at the same website \Nat the same time.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.76,0:03:10.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's not really a thrill today,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.24,0:03:13.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It more like in the olden days
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.26,0:03:14.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when the telephone was new
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.53,0:03:16.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,probably people would,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.52,0:03:19.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know call someone \Njust dial the five and send,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.77,0:03:24.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Hello, I hear \Nyou have a phone too. Me too."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.23,0:03:26.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today we require something else,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.75,0:03:30.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need something \Nto bind us together.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.73,0:03:33.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the rules are the same.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.51,0:03:36.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So how good can that be?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.25,0:03:39.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the first rules\Nthat always appears is:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.24,0:03:41.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't share.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.25,0:03:45.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't share personal \Ninformation on the internet.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.50,0:03:48.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't tell people\Nyour real name.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.25,0:03:49.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't give out \Nyour phone number.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.98,0:03:51.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't tell them\Nwhat city you live in.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.98,0:03:54.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't tell them\Nwhat school you go to.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.50,0:03:59.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't publish a photo\Nwhere you can actually see it's you.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.51,0:04:01.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How does that apply
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.50,0:04:05.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to today's meeting\Nplaces on the internet?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.51,0:04:07.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Would you accept me \Nas your friend on Facebook
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.94,0:04:10.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if I said, "Sorry,\NI can't tell you who I am.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.75,0:04:13.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have to be anonymous\Nto protect my safety.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.49,0:04:19.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Trust me, I want to be your friend\Nand you ought to be my friend."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.76,0:04:21.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You would probably decline.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.50,0:04:23.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, you could do that\Nfor other reasons as well,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.50,0:04:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but if we take this as an example.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.75,0:04:30.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rule number 2 is often:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.76,0:04:34.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,remember that a lot of\Npeople on the internet
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.50,0:04:37.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are lying about \Ntheir true identity.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.02,0:04:40.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, duh!\NThey've listened to rule number 1
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.49,0:04:43.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wouldn't you say?\N(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.76,0:04:45.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But these are actual rules,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.72,0:04:50.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are disseminated among \Nchildren, parents and teachers.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.75,0:04:52.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2010!
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.50,0:04:59.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's also a fact that has\Nemerged the last couple of years.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.74,0:05:02.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't know for sure,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.77,0:05:04.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there is a connection
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.25,0:05:06.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between giving out \Npersonal information
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.76,0:05:09.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and online risks.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.23,0:05:15.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And among the online risks \Nthat we are afraid of are harassment,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.50,0:05:20.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and sexual predators\Nseeking their victims online.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.75,0:05:22.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there's no simple connection
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.76,0:05:27.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between divulging\Nyour personal information
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.50,0:05:29.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and these risks.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.74,0:05:33.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We do however know,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.77,0:05:37.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the greatest danger \Nyou face if you're young today,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.75,0:05:41.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is having a troubled\Nlife away from keyboard.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.79,0:05:46.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the most common\Ncommon denominator,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.53,0:05:51.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,among the victims \Nthat have been studied.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.49,0:05:57.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's not really a problem\Nwe can solve with compiling lists.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.77,0:06:00.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's more even \Nadult responsibility
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.48,0:06:04.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to see to that every child \Nhas the same chance
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.06,0:06:06.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to feel good \Nabout themselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.48,0:06:10.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another thing \Nwe have to remember,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.51,0:06:16.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that most sexual \Nassaults against children
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.73,0:06:23.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are happening in an environment \Nwhere the child should feel protected.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.24,0:06:27.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the abuser is most often \N
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.76,0:06:30.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,someone the child \Nshould be able to trust.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.78,0:06:35.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Parent, a step-parent, \Na football coach, a teacher, etc.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.77,0:06:38.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That fact hasn't changed.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.07,0:06:41.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The internet has not\Nchanged that fact.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.23,0:06:48.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another common way\Nof trying to protect children
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.76,0:06:52.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is creating black lists\Nand white lists
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.49,0:06:56.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of websites that are good or bad.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.75,0:06:59.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This comes from\Na tradition of media studies
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.50,0:07:03.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where you are trying\Nto find out how media
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.74,0:07:06.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,changes people,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.75,0:07:10.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what happens when \Nthey consume media?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.25,0:07:13.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But how about today's media,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.24,0:07:17.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when the content of the media \Nis user-generated?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.78,0:07:21.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How can we black list\Nor white list these places?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.76,0:07:26.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What happens if someone \Nwrites something bad
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.74,0:07:29.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a white-listed website.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.26,0:07:33.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What happens\Nto that website and those tips?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.50,0:07:39.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is a good thing\Nto think before you post.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.52,0:07:43.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not only for young people, \Nthat goes for any of us.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.48,0:07:46.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because we have\Nto think about the fact
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.52,0:07:49.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that what goes online stays online.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.27,0:07:52.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As far as we know today, that's a fact.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.76,0:07:55.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most probably, \Nthe things we post online,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.72,0:07:58.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will stay there forever.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.26,0:08:00.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that could be a good tip.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.75,0:08:02.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what more\Nimportant I think,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.23,0:08:06.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to think about
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.49,0:08:10.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how to react upon this fact.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.74,0:08:14.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have to have \Na relationship to eternity,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.73,0:08:16.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we are not \Nvery good at that.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.56,0:08:18.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We often try \Nto skip those questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.75,0:08:20.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If children ask us,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.78,0:08:23.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"When does the universe end?"
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.51,0:08:26.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are not very keen \Non answering that question.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.07,0:08:30.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we have to have a relationship\Nto eternity today.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.76,0:08:33.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As I remember it,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.79,0:08:36.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,adults use to comfort\Nyoung people.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.25,0:08:38.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We use to say to teenagers,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.49,0:08:41.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Don't worry, \Nnot everyone is laughing at you.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.52,0:08:43.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh, you will fall \Nin love again,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.26,0:08:45.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your life isn't over."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.51,0:08:48.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But as soon as \Nthe internet is involved,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.73,0:08:51.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're the ones panicking.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.28,0:08:54.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Oh but the future employer\Nwill Google you!
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.52,0:08:57.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Your life is over."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.30,0:08:59.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that doesn't \Nmake sense to me.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.76,0:09:01.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we not need now,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.78,0:09:05.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is adults who feel like experts.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.78,0:09:08.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And most people who are adults
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.78,0:09:13.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are actually experts\Non problems that occur online.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.25,0:09:19.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to be experienced from life.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.82,0:09:21.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, everyone is.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.24,0:09:25.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to have \Nyoung people around us.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.25,0:09:27.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to look them\Ninto the eyes
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.24,0:09:28.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and see how they feel
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.77,0:09:31.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and act upon that information.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.23,0:09:35.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And also, \Nwe need to have a critical mind,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.76,0:09:40.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that we don't swallow \Neverything that is presented to us.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.23,0:09:46.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As I see it, it's as simple \Nand as complicated as that.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.28,0:09:49.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thanks for your attention.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.27,0:09:53.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)