0:00:08.495,0:00:12.581
[MUSIC].

0:00:12.581,0:00:16.801
The single most important thing we can do,[br]is to

0:00:16.801,0:00:21.250
make sure we've got a world class[br]education system for everybody.

0:00:21.250,0:00:24.736
That is a prerequisite for prosperity.

0:00:24.834,0:00:29.410
[SOUND] It is an obligation that we have[br]for the next generation.

0:00:30.360,0:00:32.409
>> I looked at the current education[br]system.

0:00:32.409,0:00:34.710
I said, what's wrong with it?

0:00:34.710,0:00:39.530
And the biggest problem that I found was,[br]it didn't know how to motivate kids.

0:00:39.530,0:00:42.600
>> Every person alive, it's in our DNA to[br]be motivated.

0:00:42.600,0:00:44.950
I think the current model, and I'm not[br]picking out any

0:00:44.950,0:00:48.320
players, the current model is just really[br]good at squashing that motivation.

0:00:48.320,0:00:55.288
>> How can you make that nine year old sit[br]in a class and say, "Do me 17 times tables"?

0:00:55.878,0:00:56.983
What for?

0:00:56.983,0:01:00.563
[MUSIC].

0:01:09.942,0:01:16.000
What if I were to say that arithmetic as[br]we teach it today is an obsolete skill?

0:01:16.000,0:01:18.750
Okay, the whole world will erupt if I say[br]that

0:01:18.750,0:01:23.220
because they'll say, reading, writing,[br]arithmetic, that's the core of it.

0:01:23.220,0:01:26.880
The core of whose education? Core of the[br]military education.

0:01:26.880,0:01:30.698
Go back 200, 300 years in this country and

0:01:30.698,0:01:34.700
say that you know, 300 years later no[br]one's going

0:01:34.700,0:01:37.610
to teach anybody how to shoot a gun and no

0:01:37.610,0:01:40.390
one's going to teach anybody how to ride a[br]horse?

0:01:40.390,0:01:45.380
And the teacher's going to say, you know,[br]I mean, those are basic life skills.

0:01:45.380,0:01:46.780
This guy will get killed when he moves[br]out.

0:01:46.780,0:01:50.260
And he'll say, no ma'am, the world will[br]have changed.

0:01:50.260,0:01:52.300
These things will become sport.

0:01:52.300,0:01:55.060
Shooting is a sport, horse riding is a[br]sport.

0:01:55.930,0:01:59.031
Will arithmetic be a sport in 2061?

0:01:59.870,0:02:05.660
>> Let's say I have 3 x is equal to 15.

0:02:05.660,0:02:08.430
>> For anyone who doesn't know what Khan[br]Academy is, it's most known for

0:02:08.430,0:02:09.669
its collection of videos that I've been

0:02:09.669,0:02:12.260
making, for really the last five, six[br]years.

0:02:12.260,0:02:14.090
Everything from arithmetic all the way[br]through

0:02:14.090,0:02:16.080
calculus and biology and all the rest.

0:02:16.080,0:02:18.970
It can be used for individual learners or[br]it can be used

0:02:18.970,0:02:21.910
in the classroom so that every student can[br]work at their own pace.

0:02:21.910,0:02:24.880
My videos are definitely not the state of[br]the current art.

0:02:24.880,0:02:27.460
They're, they're, they're a few steps[br]behind that.

0:02:27.460,0:02:29.910
But, but, but I think that's the mistake[br]that most

0:02:29.910,0:02:32.760
of the education technology's been going[br]is, that they just...

0:02:32.760,0:02:37.210
They just wanna take what's already there[br]in the current existing model.

0:02:37.210,0:02:41.290
And just use the next, the latest[br]technology to make up,

0:02:41.290,0:02:43.640
in their mind, a more refined version of[br]that same thing.

0:02:43.640,0:02:46.080
But they're not, they're not changing the[br]content, fundamentally.

0:02:46.080,0:02:48.240
If the content's really interesting, and[br]it really is.

0:02:48.240,0:02:50.950
I don't make a video on something unless I[br]find it fascinating.

0:02:50.950,0:02:54.670
And if the content is truly fascinating,[br]it should be reflected in the energy

0:02:54.670,0:02:58.370
or the voice of the deliverer and, and it[br]should be obvious to the student.

0:02:58.370,0:02:59.940
They shouldn't have to have a, a rap song

0:02:59.940,0:03:02.170
about, you know, a parabola to get excited[br]about it.

0:03:02.170,0:03:05.549
[MUSIC].

0:03:10.990,0:03:13.790
>> Video games are actually among most[br]powerful learning tools

0:03:13.790,0:03:16.790
that have ever been created, because if[br]you look at a

0:03:16.790,0:03:19.340
child when they first pick up a video[br]game, they'll

0:03:19.340,0:03:22.710
start and they'll play for five minutes,[br]and then they'll fail.

0:03:23.750,0:03:26.290
Picked themselves up, start again, play for[br]ten minutes.

0:03:26.290,0:03:29.160
They fail. And they will do this 500 times

0:03:29.160,0:03:32.510
before they finally succeed and master the[br]video game.

0:03:32.510,0:03:33.880
Learning things all along the way.

0:03:33.880,0:03:37.860
Completely self motivated and while I[br]don't always endorse the notion

0:03:37.860,0:03:41.850
of instant gratification [LAUGH] I[br]certainly endorse the notion of relevance.

0:03:41.850,0:03:46.320
In education we provide problems, separate[br]from the relevance

0:03:46.320,0:03:48.420
or the context in which they need to be[br]used.

0:03:48.420,0:03:51.090
That's one of the reasons why students are[br]so disengaged.

0:03:51.090,0:03:52.350
In the video game world it's all about

0:03:52.350,0:03:54.790
exploration. You solve a problem when you[br]bump into.

0:03:54.790,0:03:59.576
And in fact that provides the relevance[br]for solving the problem.

0:03:59.576,0:04:01.290
[MUSIC].

0:04:06.020,0:04:11.680
>> 12 years ago in 1999 I said, well, how[br]did I learn how to write a program?

0:04:11.680,0:04:13.450
Nobody taught me.

0:04:13.450,0:04:16.220
How do children learn to use computers?

0:04:16.220,0:04:18.279
Nobody seems to be actually teaching them.

0:04:18.279,0:04:21.959
So, I stuck a computer in a slum wall.

0:04:21.959,0:04:25.980
Nice big computer in those days with a[br]nice big broadband connection.

0:04:25.980,0:04:29.570
In front of children who had never seen[br]computers before, hadn't heard

0:04:29.570,0:04:33.950
of the internet, had no clue what was[br]going on, didn't know English.

0:04:33.950,0:04:37.430
And they started browsing at about five or[br]six hours' time.

0:04:37.430,0:04:40.320
And then it happened over and over and[br]over again everywhere.

0:04:40.320,0:04:42.550
Until the experiment kind of burst out[br]onto the

0:04:42.550,0:04:46.860
world media with the statement that[br]children anywhere in groups

0:04:46.860,0:04:49.520
can teach themselves to use a computer.

0:04:50.760,0:04:56.160
There appears to be no limit to this, that[br]children can teach themselves almost

0:04:56.160,0:05:01.150
anything if given the internet, given the[br]permission to interact with

0:05:01.150,0:05:06.110
each other and given the absence of the[br]teacher.

0:05:06.110,0:05:07.520
[MUSIC]

0:05:07.520,0:05:10.440
The absence of the teacher, in the[br]presence

0:05:10.440,0:05:14.480
of the internet, can become a[br]pedagological tool.

0:05:21.280,0:05:25.710
>> In order for education technology to be[br]successful in a classroom

0:05:25.710,0:05:28.450
we're going to have to marry the ecosystem, the

0:05:28.450,0:05:32.990
way technology works, with the ecosystem[br]of the classroom itself.

0:05:32.990,0:05:34.820
The goal of this is to get teachers

0:05:34.820,0:05:38.190
doing higher order things and let the[br]computers do

0:05:38.190,0:05:40.438
the more basic things of is 2 plus 2

0:05:40.438,0:05:43.720
equals 4 and all the practice that is[br]necessary.

0:05:43.720,0:05:46.530
[MUSIC].

0:05:49.720,0:05:52.120
>> We want technology that helps us

0:05:52.120,0:05:55.220
create an environment where students are[br]active and

0:05:55.220,0:05:58.450
engaged, not just in memorizing facts, but

0:05:58.450,0:06:02.370
in working with faculty to really create[br]knowledge.

0:06:02.370,0:06:06.790
Something like the iPad application for[br]anatomy, I think is going to help them

0:06:06.790,0:06:10.050
learn more efficiently, because it gives[br]them

0:06:10.050,0:06:12.180
information when they need to know it.

0:06:12.180,0:06:14.510
And one of the principles of adult[br]learning is you

0:06:14.510,0:06:16.433
should learn something when you have a[br]reason to learn it.

0:06:16.433,0:06:18.556
[MUSIC].

0:06:21.416,0:06:27.160
>> To begin, connect us together.

0:06:27.160,0:06:29.270
>> We think there's a blurry line between[br]play and learning

0:06:29.270,0:06:32.519
and there should be an even blurrier line[br]between those two things.

0:06:33.900,0:06:38.660
When a learning experience is playful and[br]exploration-oriented, it puts people's

0:06:38.660,0:06:42.720
minds into a relaxed state where learning[br]actually can happen the easiest.

0:06:44.760,0:06:46.550
>> I think the future of learning is

0:06:46.550,0:06:50.770
really to add a new dimension to learning,[br]which is the dimension of collaboration.

0:06:50.770,0:06:54.490
Collaborator's Classroom is a place where[br]people can share

0:06:54.490,0:06:59.070
ideas that they may not have felt[br]comfortable sharing in class.

0:06:59.070,0:07:01.330
>> There's always some kids that are shy[br]or they

0:07:01.330,0:07:04.270
don't want to raise their hand in class[br]and when you're

0:07:04.270,0:07:06.490
told to do it at home you can actually see[br]their

0:07:06.490,0:07:08.820
opinions and you get to know them as a[br]person better

0:07:08.820,0:07:10.570
[MUSIC].

0:07:15.280,0:07:19.250
>> Science has recently told the world[br]that Pluto is not a planet anymore.

0:07:19.250,0:07:22.590
But it's gonna take, literally, a decade[br]to remove

0:07:22.590,0:07:25.400
that fact from the United States science[br]text book.

0:07:26.600,0:07:31.250
With connections, because anyone is able to[br]improve on the materials and keep things

0:07:31.250,0:07:35.210
up to date we can make that change in ten[br]minutes rather than ten years.

0:07:36.580,0:07:38.970
>> We hope that what we're doing is going

0:07:38.970,0:07:43.800
to create a far more diverse group of[br]university students.

0:07:43.800,0:07:46.150
Because they will come to the university

0:07:46.150,0:07:49.250
with just so much more self-directed[br]knowledge.

0:07:49.250,0:07:53.820
So much more passion and information about[br]what they want to do.

0:07:53.820,0:07:54.530
That's the future.

0:07:56.980,0:07:59.690
>> Everyone in the education space, you[br]know, it's like,

0:07:59.690,0:08:02.740
does it work, prove it, this, that and the[br]other.

0:08:02.740,0:08:06.429
And they wanted you to go and prove it[br]before you even put it out there.

0:08:06.690,0:08:12.200
>> Why would schools be so rigid, if they[br]didn't need to be rigid?

0:08:12.200,0:08:14.070
But when did they need to be rigid?

0:08:15.200,0:08:17.080
If you look at history the answer stares[br]at

0:08:17.080,0:08:22.150
us, education as we know it came from war.

0:08:22.150,0:08:24.650
>> I, I don't know if it's purely an[br]industrial age type of

0:08:24.650,0:08:26.750
thing, if it's a Victorian era, the

0:08:26.750,0:08:29.930
educated learned to suppressed, that[br]suppression of,

0:08:29.940,0:08:34.960
of nature instincts is, is part of[br]becoming part of society.

0:08:34.960,0:08:40.429
>> The Victorians, the amazing Victorians,[br]produced

0:08:40.429,0:08:46.600
an education system, which would make us[br]photocopies of each other.

0:08:46.600,0:08:48.910
>> Being quiet and being submissive, I[br]think

0:08:48.910,0:08:51.110
that's, frankly, the only thing that's[br]taught right now.

0:08:51.110,0:08:52.600
Is how do you be submissive?

0:08:52.600,0:08:54.670
How do you sit patiently

0:08:54.670,0:08:57.840
and be disengaged for an hour and take it?

0:08:57.840,0:09:00.090
>> How do you motivate a kid, how do you[br]keep a kid engaged?

0:09:00.090,0:09:02.100
How do you keep them interested?

0:09:02.100,0:09:03.690
That is all psychology.

0:09:03.690,0:09:07.490
When the gamers went and they created the[br]best video games that ever existed,

0:09:07.490,0:09:13.250
they didn't sit down and say, hey, you know,[br]what is the cognitive science behind this?

0:09:13.250,0:09:13.820
They didn't do that.

0:09:13.820,0:09:15.070
They just did it.

0:09:15.070,0:09:16.870
They created it and now all the

0:09:16.870,0:09:18.790
cognitive scientists are coming back and[br]saying, what

0:09:18.790,0:09:20.490
did you do? Because that's actually one of

0:09:20.490,0:09:24.570
the most motivating, engaging media we've[br]ever seen.

0:09:24.570,0:09:27.230
And, and the video game programmers all[br]said, I

0:09:27.230,0:09:29.540
just created something that I would want[br]to play.

0:09:30.920,0:09:34.790
>> A sober prediction might be that[br]nothing will

0:09:34.790,0:09:37.440
take place in the next 40 years despite[br]the fact

0:09:37.440,0:09:40.440
that we now have gone from a PC to an[br]iPad.

0:09:41.260,0:09:47.080
We, the education innovators and the[br]education industry, need a win.

0:09:47.080,0:09:52.610
And once there's one win that everyone can[br]point to then it's gonna help all of us.

0:09:56.680,0:10:02.250
>> A five year old today, by the time he's[br]25, it's going to be 2031.

0:10:02.660,0:10:07.420
Can any teacher say that they're preparing[br]that child for 2031?

0:10:07.420,0:10:09.180
For an unknown world?

0:10:09.180,0:10:13.720
But I believe that I can make a curriculum[br]for that teacher.

0:10:13.720,0:10:17.590
And that curricula needs to only have[br]three things in it.

0:10:17.590,0:10:22.980
Reading comprehension, is the most[br]critical skill at this point in time for

0:10:22.980,0:10:26.740
a generation that's going to read off[br]screens for the rest of their lives.

0:10:27.060,0:10:30.910
Information search and retrieval skills.[br]If people know

0:10:30.910,0:10:33.490
what are key words, follow a link or not.

0:10:33.740,0:10:35.400
It's a key skill.

0:10:35.400,0:10:40.910
If arithmetic is an outdated skill, this[br]is the skill that will replace it.

0:10:40.910,0:10:45.120
And finally, if a child knows how to read,[br]if a child knows

0:10:45.120,0:10:51.260
how to search for information, how do we[br]teach them how to believe?

0:10:52.100,0:10:55.510
See, in our adult heads, each one of us[br]has a little mechanism.

0:10:56.500,0:10:57.890
It comes from different places.

0:10:57.890,0:11:01.110
You and I have different mechanisms of how[br]to believe.

0:11:01.730,0:11:04.110
Sometimes we say, this is obvious.

0:11:04.110,0:11:06.890
Sometimes you say, because so and so told[br]me.

0:11:06.890,0:11:09.160
Sometimes, you say, this is rubbish.

0:11:10.080,0:11:11.540
What's that machine inside?

0:11:11.540,0:11:15.000
How early in a child's life can we put[br]that in there?

0:11:15.000,0:11:17.800
If we can do it really, really early,

0:11:17.800,0:11:22.900
then we would have armed that child[br]against doctrine.

0:11:23.180,0:11:27.750
And I don't mean only religious doctrine,[br]I mean doctrine in all its forms.

0:11:28.700,0:11:30.530
I think our job as educators, the

0:11:30.530,0:11:33.880
biggest job in today's information[br]saturated world,

0:11:34.480,0:11:38.440
is to give the child an armor against[br]doctrine.

0:11:38.440,0:11:41.560
Just as, in another generation we used to[br]teach the child

0:11:41.560,0:11:44.253
how to fight with sword, and how to ride a[br]horse.

0:11:44.253,0:11:46.563
[MUSIC]