WEBVTT 00:00:06.494 --> 00:00:07.685 ♪[Music]♪ 00:00:44.253 --> 00:00:46.560 I'm fascinated with the way language is central 00:00:46.560 --> 00:00:49.070 to our world view as indigenous people. 00:00:50.178 --> 00:00:55.087 I'm a Néhiyaw artist and curator living on Lekwungen territory in Victoria, BC. 00:00:56.272 --> 00:00:59.291 My personal research centers around language revitalization 00:00:59.291 --> 00:01:02.207 and how it connects us to our cultures and lands. 00:01:03.564 --> 00:01:07.303 Over the past few years, I've been on a journey to learn the Cree language. 00:01:08.227 --> 00:01:11.116 It's been a challenging and incredibly rewarding experience. 00:01:12.465 --> 00:01:15.468 Now I want to travel to Alberta, where my ancestors are from, 00:01:15.468 --> 00:01:17.838 to discover the ways that different communities 00:01:17.838 --> 00:01:19.993 are revitalizing their languages. 00:01:25.757 --> 00:01:29.347 My mother and I both grew up not knowing anything about our Cree family 00:01:29.347 --> 00:01:32.669 because she was adopted out at birth as part of the '60s scoop. 00:01:34.008 --> 00:01:36.117 Twelve years ago, we met our Cree family, 00:01:36.212 --> 00:01:38.979 and since then I have been in a process of connecting with the community 00:01:38.979 --> 00:01:40.588 in Wabasca, Alberta, 00:01:40.734 --> 00:01:43.617 the place where my kohkom, my grandmother Florence, was born. 00:01:47.391 --> 00:01:51.257 I recently met Nora Yellowknee, an administrator at the local school, 00:01:51.257 --> 00:01:53.538 Oski Pasikoniwew Kamik. 00:01:55.198 --> 00:01:57.769 After realizing that we were second cousins, 00:01:57.769 --> 00:02:00.295 she offered to help me learn about my family tree. 00:02:01.254 --> 00:02:03.341 [Nora] You have your grandmother, -- 00:02:04.390 --> 00:02:05.352 Florence. 00:02:09.707 --> 00:02:11.426 And her mother is Isabelle. 00:02:11.731 --> 00:02:14.791 And then, I'm here. 00:02:17.288 --> 00:02:20.331 And your grandmother. And your mom? 00:02:21.169 --> 00:02:22.267 Fancine. 00:02:22.806 --> 00:02:25.095 [Nora] They are first cousins or second cousins. 00:02:25.562 --> 00:02:28.065 - [Eli] Okay. - [Nora] And you're down here. 00:02:28.065 --> 00:02:29.563 [Eli] I'm down there? 00:02:30.497 --> 00:02:32.784 [Eli] Yeah, this is more than, -- 00:02:33.480 --> 00:02:37.171 a lot more than I knew before I met you, before I came up. 00:02:38.151 --> 00:02:40.164 [Nora] Yeah, that's Isabelle. 00:02:42.233 --> 00:02:44.044 Nohkom Isabelle. 00:02:47.499 --> 00:02:49.394 This means a lot to me to see this, -- 00:02:49.565 --> 00:02:50.434 again, -- 00:02:51.930 --> 00:02:55.760 because the more that I see it the more that I hear about this 00:02:55.760 --> 00:02:57.177 and talk about it. 00:02:58.088 --> 00:02:59.800 It's going to stick and -- 00:03:00.010 --> 00:03:05.699 I now understand more and know more through that process 00:03:09.447 --> 00:03:12.327 [Nora] My dream for the language here, 00:03:12.565 --> 00:03:16.100 starting with the school, is to have our people who speak the language, 00:03:16.100 --> 00:03:17.689 speak it every day, 00:03:18.471 --> 00:03:20.078 because we are not getting that. 00:03:20.848 --> 00:03:24.828 There are many Cree speakers working here, but they are not speaking it. 00:03:26.012 --> 00:03:28.767 For people, the young families now, 00:03:28.767 --> 00:03:31.606 the young mothers speak Cree to their children. 00:03:33.217 --> 00:03:36.601 And all the rest of it will follow. 00:03:38.190 --> 00:03:41.194 Seeing a photo of my kohkom Florence as a young woman 00:03:41.194 --> 00:03:43.817 created a sense of healing and re-connection 00:03:43.874 --> 00:03:46.810 after feeling disconnected for most of my life. 00:03:47.429 --> 00:03:50.082 Knowing more about my family's history has allowed me 00:03:50.082 --> 00:03:52.454 to connect deeper with my ancestors. 00:03:52.856 --> 00:03:56.303 There is so much more to discover but, like learning the language, 00:03:56.511 --> 00:03:57.915 this will take time. 00:04:02.881 --> 00:04:05.241 The Kapaskwatinak Cultural Education Center 00:04:05.276 --> 00:04:07.149 is a place for the Children of Wabaska 00:04:07.174 --> 00:04:09.664 to connect to the land and their culture. 00:04:10.142 --> 00:04:11.982 Knowledge Keeper Lorraine Cardinal 00:04:12.027 --> 00:04:14.587 helps guide the children through land-based education 00:04:14.645 --> 00:04:17.234 including coming-of-age ceremonies. 00:04:17.381 --> 00:04:19.578 I'm excited to learn about these teachings 00:04:19.578 --> 00:04:22.394 since I didn't have the opportunities to experience them, 00:04:22.580 --> 00:04:25.246 growing up disconnected from community and family. 00:04:26.883 --> 00:04:29.506 [Lorraine Cardinal] The reason that -- 00:04:30.753 --> 00:04:33.705 I do these things, like the coming-of-age, 00:04:33.705 --> 00:04:39.144 because it's also my responsibility as a Néhiyaw school 00:04:39.144 --> 00:04:43.046 to protect the children, 00:04:43.081 --> 00:04:45.038 creator's children. 00:04:45.038 --> 00:04:48.580 And when I'm protecting creator's children, -- 00:04:49.334 --> 00:04:54.609 we need to teach them those protocols, we need to teach those values. 00:04:54.807 --> 00:04:59.955 They need to know them so that they don't end up getting hurt in the future. 00:05:00.242 --> 00:05:05.951 And that shame of our language, and who we are, and our ceremonial ways; 00:05:05.951 --> 00:05:12.427 losing those has caused big destruction in our communities. 00:05:12.689 --> 00:05:15.669 Because our children, as they're growing up, 00:05:15.669 --> 00:05:20.042 they know who they are, they came with the gift of knowing who they are. 00:05:20.190 --> 00:05:25.977 I have a responsibility to pass those teachings on to other children too, 00:05:26.124 --> 00:05:29.740 because they will experiment, they will explore, 00:05:29.950 --> 00:05:33.070 and we want to prevent them 00:05:33.121 --> 00:05:38.185 from hurting each other or hurting themselves, right? 00:05:38.287 --> 00:05:40.067 [Drumming and chanting] 00:05:54.562 --> 00:06:00.972 [Lorraine Cardinal] They call that oskinîkiskwew ēkwa oskinîkîwiw, 00:06:01.228 --> 00:06:05.344 young manhood and young womanhood. 00:06:07.600 --> 00:06:12.491 I want to thank you and honour you for coming into this world. 00:06:12.733 --> 00:06:15.063 You are a blessing to us. 00:06:15.223 --> 00:06:20.434 We are so very honored to have you as part of us, nêhiyaw-iskwêw. 00:06:21.239 --> 00:06:25.285 Always remember to hold your head up, don't be ashamed and -- 00:06:25.705 --> 00:06:29.008 always accept yourself for who you are, 00:06:29.008 --> 00:06:32.044 and honour those gifts you brought with you, -- 00:06:32.760 --> 00:06:34.984 and welcome into womanhood. 00:06:34.984 --> 00:06:36.122 Welcome. 00:06:37.441 --> 00:06:40.621 It truly is a blessing and an honour to have you 00:06:40.654 --> 00:06:44.024 as a young nêhiyaw-iskwêw, 00:06:44.056 --> 00:06:46.222 A young nêhiyaw woman. 00:06:46.906 --> 00:06:47.868 Welcome. 00:06:48.672 --> 00:06:50.376 [Children talking] 00:06:50.625 --> 00:06:53.313 [Lorraine Cardinal] Somehow, someway -- 00:06:55.095 --> 00:06:59.668 fear got instilled in us as indigenous people. 00:07:00.343 --> 00:07:04.398 Shame got instilled in us as indigenous people. 00:07:04.398 --> 00:07:08.651 Our children, what they experienced here today 00:07:08.651 --> 00:07:11.156 taught them how sacred they are, 00:07:11.321 --> 00:07:13.061 how important they are, 00:07:13.061 --> 00:07:16.080 how beautiful they are, 00:07:16.080 --> 00:07:21.282 and that they're not just beautiful in physical form. 00:07:21.340 --> 00:07:25.370 that they're beautiful in spiritual form too. 00:07:25.489 --> 00:07:27.919 All we need to do is believe in them, 00:07:27.933 --> 00:07:31.508 to love them, and to tell them they're important. 00:07:31.508 --> 00:07:34.413 They'll start feeling good about themselves. 00:07:34.415 --> 00:07:38.948 I'm proud of them. Their spirit is still alive and well. 00:07:40.085 --> 00:07:44.795 What do you see being the way forward 00:07:44.795 --> 00:07:48.589 so that these young ones in the community -- 00:07:50.349 --> 00:07:52.661 can not only understand the language 00:07:52.748 --> 00:07:55.893 and its relationship to their spirit, 00:07:56.066 --> 00:07:58.724 and their relationship to the land 00:07:58.724 --> 00:08:01.076 and each other and themselves, 00:08:02.414 --> 00:08:03.726 but be speaking it? 00:08:04.357 --> 00:08:05.949 How do you feel about -- 00:08:06.137 --> 00:08:10.483 the future of the language in these next generations to come? 00:08:10.933 --> 00:08:14.937 We have to believe in ourselves to be able to do it, -- 00:08:16.087 --> 00:08:22.637 and we need to set our goal. 00:08:23.311 --> 00:08:28.632 And if it's revitalizing the language, then let's do that. 00:08:29.192 --> 00:08:31.094 How did we learn Cree? 00:08:32.847 --> 00:08:35.887 We learnt it sitting around with the old people, 00:08:35.887 --> 00:08:37.747 visiting each other and 00:08:38.065 --> 00:08:41.125 our parents speaking to us, you know? 00:08:42.700 --> 00:08:48.836 So we can get it back. We just need to do it. 00:09:03.047 --> 00:09:05.137 John Bigstone is a Wabiskaw elder 00:09:05.168 --> 00:09:08.028 who carries vast spiritual and ceremonial knowledge 00:09:09.425 --> 00:09:12.565 He invited me to the land where he holds sweat lodge ceremonies 00:09:12.595 --> 00:09:15.570 to share teachings about the spirit within our languages. 00:09:16.605 --> 00:09:18.065 [Music] 00:09:29.751 --> 00:09:33.821 [inhales deeply] 00:09:34.620 --> 00:09:37.930 It clears your mind when you breathe in this smudge 00:09:44.087 --> 00:09:46.217 English language is inadequate 00:09:47.489 --> 00:09:49.451 if you're going to describe spirit. 00:09:50.053 --> 00:09:51.105 Anything of spirit. 00:09:51.774 --> 00:09:52.844 Its inadequate. 00:09:55.808 --> 00:10:00.677 They named it according to their connection to that plant. 00:10:00.677 --> 00:10:02.729 because they spoke to the plant 00:10:03.730 --> 00:10:05.258 They had a connection. 00:10:05.754 --> 00:10:07.744 They had a connection to all of life. 00:10:07.777 --> 00:10:09.393 They understood their environment. 00:10:09.696 --> 00:10:11.868 They understood that everything was alive, 00:10:12.406 --> 00:10:15.614 and your spirtit has a connection with that spirit 00:10:15.877 --> 00:10:19.225 of mother earth, and everything that grows on her body. 00:10:22.394 --> 00:10:26.906 Prior to contact, everything was described in a more spiritual way. 00:10:26.952 --> 00:10:30.906 Mitos (?) you know, has a spiritual meaning. 00:10:31.612 --> 00:10:35.732 Sifta (?) as in spiritual meaning that's the poplar and the spruce. 00:10:37.682 --> 00:10:43.459 (...?) coming back to the language where our families have had these interruptions 00:10:44.730 --> 00:10:46.753 of residential school, the 60s' scoop 00:10:47.657 --> 00:10:54.749 I'm curious what your thoughts are about those of us with this blood in us 00:10:55.385 --> 00:10:58.845 and whose ancestors have spoken the language 00:10:59.073 --> 00:11:04.733 and whether you think that we have it inside of us 00:11:04.826 --> 00:11:07.217 just waiting to come out, 00:11:07.293 --> 00:11:11.354 this bone memory or blood memory of the language. 00:11:12.060 --> 00:11:14.072 Yeah, it's in yur DNA. 00:11:15.782 --> 00:11:18.202 It's programmed in there already. 00:11:18.312 --> 00:11:20.674 You just have to wake up that programming. 00:11:22.825 --> 00:11:24.971 That's why you're here. See? 00:11:24.971 --> 00:11:27.265 It's that programming, and your spirit guide - 00:11:27.265 --> 00:11:30.143 you've got to remember there's a spiritual aspect to this 00:11:31.382 --> 00:11:33.642 You're never alone. You never walk alone, 00:11:33.648 --> 00:11:37.270 your ancestors, your Cree ancestors, walk with you, 00:11:38.148 --> 00:11:41.134 they're assigned to you to guide you where you need to be 00:11:41.673 --> 00:11:44.824 That's the beauty if this understanding of spirit 00:11:46.283 --> 00:11:48.036 It happens in spirit 00:11:48.719 --> 00:11:53.740 We are the result of spirit in action. We become material. 00:11:54.566 --> 00:11:55.978 That's a deeper teaching. 00:11:57.290 --> 00:12:02.265 But the reality is (that) everyone of us have spirit guides around us. 00:12:03.420 --> 00:12:10.700 I was on kind of a lost path before I found my way to my first lodge. 00:12:13.454 --> 00:12:16.402 And it's interesting to think of these 00:12:16.402 --> 00:12:21.701 European modalities or academic ways of describing 00:12:21.817 --> 00:12:23.678 how things are working. 00:12:24.378 --> 00:12:28.280 And the way that I explain it to people is 00:12:28.280 --> 00:12:31.564 I don't know how it's working, I just know it is working for me. 00:12:33.131 --> 00:12:36.630 And it's not something I'm trying to figure out up here , 00:12:36.136 --> 00:12:38.816 I just know it's working down here. 00:12:42.413 --> 00:12:46.503 And I think it has connected my heart and my spirit 00:12:46.550 --> 00:12:50.100 in ways that weren't happening before. 00:12:51.195 --> 00:12:53.784 When I say a prayer in the social gathering, 00:12:53.784 --> 00:12:55.136 I say it in Cree 00:12:55.186 --> 00:13:00.468 because it's an insult to my ancestors if I pray in English. 00:13:02.109 --> 00:13:05.051 It's the very thing that oppressed me as a child. 00:13:05.660 --> 00:13:06.869 I can't do that. 00:13:06.869 --> 00:13:11.569 I have to speak and pray in Cree. 00:13:12.075 --> 00:13:16.163 That's what I do and I explain, you know, why. 00:13:16.988 --> 00:13:19.112 Because I'm not praying to the people. 00:13:19.274 --> 00:13:22.902 I'm praying to the spirits that are guiding me. 00:13:23.354 --> 00:13:26.382 They don't have to understand what I'm saying. 00:13:26.826 --> 00:13:31.290 Because as long as a spirit hears, the Spirit will come. 00:13:32.378 --> 00:13:35.361 And they understand my language, the Cree language. 00:13:35.676 --> 00:13:37.903 Once I identify myself, they say, 00:13:37.903 --> 00:13:41.718 "Huh, our grandson is playing. Let's go support him." 00:13:42.732 --> 00:13:44.427 That's the beauty of our language. 00:13:48.232 --> 00:13:50.705 What happened to our language -- 00:13:52.158 --> 00:13:54.547 came from the time of the residence in school, 00:13:54.547 --> 00:13:56.993 the first time it was introduced, -- 00:13:59.294 --> 00:14:03.131 not only the Cree but the many tribes themselves. 00:14:04.878 --> 00:14:07.431 When they took away the children, -- 00:14:09.843 --> 00:14:12.573 they took the children away from the land, -- 00:14:14.605 --> 00:14:17.636 the language, their ancestors, 00:14:17.705 --> 00:14:19.573 their grandfathers, their grandmothers, 00:14:19.573 --> 00:14:23.803 their teachers, their parents, their aunts and uncles. 00:14:25.473 --> 00:14:28.025 That's when the separation happened. 00:14:28.677 --> 00:14:30.577 They broke that connection. 00:14:30.659 --> 00:14:33.746 So when he took us away, -- 00:14:35.171 --> 00:14:38.192 they severed that connection to all of those things. 00:14:38.473 --> 00:14:42.496 We were taught a foreign way of thinking. 00:14:42.748 --> 00:14:44.993 I was programmed as a child. 00:14:44.993 --> 00:14:49.847 Now, I have to deprogram myself, sometimes referred to as decolonization, 00:14:50.252 --> 00:14:53.049 as they gave us that colonized mentality. 00:14:53.290 --> 00:14:59.757 And it just did not fit with our paradigm, how we saw our place in creation. 00:15:01.302 --> 00:15:03.714 At some point, somebody's got to wake up. 00:15:04.415 --> 00:15:07.475 One day, you've got to say, "Hey, there's something wrong here." 00:15:07.562 --> 00:15:08.853 This is the time. 00:15:09.712 --> 00:15:10.915 That's why we're here. 00:15:11.391 --> 00:15:12.839 To wake the people up. 00:15:13.710 --> 00:15:15.244 To wake ourselves up. 00:15:17.487 --> 00:15:20.342 Still be the guiding light, you know. 00:15:20.342 --> 00:15:22.236 There is a different way. 00:15:22.236 --> 00:15:24.303 So, it's about connection. 00:15:24.445 --> 00:15:26.156 That's what was severed -- 00:15:27.218 --> 00:15:29.422 in the time of the residential school. 00:15:30.211 --> 00:15:34.089 We lost connection to our spirit. 00:15:34.307 --> 00:15:39.400 It replaced the creator outside of us instead of in here. 00:15:40.600 --> 00:15:42.843 We're trying to mend that rift. 00:15:45.012 --> 00:15:46.324 That's what you're doing. 00:15:46.324 --> 00:15:48.262 That rift that was caught; 00:15:48.633 --> 00:15:53.486 you are the stitch that is bringing those two worldviews -- 00:15:55.143 --> 00:16:00.096 but to where they start respecting our way, 00:16:00.834 --> 00:16:02.116 the Cree way. 00:16:03.404 --> 00:16:06.340 When you have love, when you feel love -- 00:16:07.821 --> 00:16:12.328 and somebody tells you something that your spirit is looking to hear 00:16:12.489 --> 00:16:14.242 like, "Welcome home." 00:16:14.242 --> 00:16:15.830 Where do you feel it? 00:16:16.399 --> 00:16:19.227 Right here. You're connecting. 00:16:19.505 --> 00:16:21.834 You'll always have that sense of belonging -- 00:16:22.437 --> 00:16:25.036 because you come home. Yeah. 00:16:25.875 --> 00:16:28.317 So once you come home, you know where to come 00:16:28.317 --> 00:16:30.596 next time you're out there, wandering, -- 00:16:30.929 --> 00:16:34.522 you have a connection there. 00:16:34.626 --> 00:16:37.263 You've made some connections already here. 00:16:38.782 --> 00:16:40.365 You're no longer disconnected. 00:16:41.944 --> 00:16:45.368 I left my conversation with John feeling like I belong 00:16:45.720 --> 00:16:47.764 in a way that I've never felt before. 00:16:48.794 --> 00:16:50.816 It was an incredibly powerful experience 00:16:50.816 --> 00:16:54.032 that made me feel more connected to my spirit. 00:16:57.835 --> 00:17:02.606 Tell me again, like, your family story with Wabasca. 00:17:02.830 --> 00:17:06.280 My mother grew up there, my father grew up in Grouard, -- 00:17:07.304 --> 00:17:08.430 a couple hours away, 00:17:08.430 --> 00:17:11.066 and she didn't want to raise me on the reserve. 00:17:11.197 --> 00:17:13.963 So as soon as they found out about me, they moved away. 00:17:14.254 --> 00:17:16.355 And when we move to Edmonton, through the teen years, 00:17:16.355 --> 00:17:19.446 through my adult years, that's when the reconnection really started to happen, 00:17:19.446 --> 00:17:20.948 going home more happen. 00:17:21.075 --> 00:17:25.332 Before that, I would only visit, like, holidays, few times a year. 00:17:27.167 --> 00:17:32.262 Dusty Legrand is the creator of the clothing label Mobilize Waskawēwin. 00:17:32.662 --> 00:17:36.387 Using the ancient writing system of Cree syllabics and his designs, 00:17:36.579 --> 00:17:39.378 he's making the language visible to a new generation. 00:17:42.066 --> 00:17:43.815 Yeah, so this was the -- 00:17:45.793 --> 00:17:47.471 - it has the -- - Oh yeah, 00:17:47.471 --> 00:17:51.227 the different languages, tribes of the north. 00:17:51.672 --> 00:17:53.333 Yeah, it tells the story of -- 00:17:53.882 --> 00:17:55.759 a bunch of people. And it was really special to hear, like, 00:17:55.759 --> 00:17:58.623 the feedback from different people that had never seen 00:17:58.623 --> 00:18:01.055 their nation represented on a .... 00:18:01.288 --> 00:18:04.739 There were certain people that; this was like their first time. 00:18:04.739 --> 00:18:08.200 They're like, "I'm just buying this just because I've never seen my nation represented." 00:18:08.200 --> 00:18:12.206 Yeah, then I put revolution down the arm just to let them know what's going on. 00:18:12.206 --> 00:18:13.303 [Laughs] 00:18:14.104 --> 00:18:15.782 I've been always wanting to create a clothing brand. 00:18:15.782 --> 00:18:19.507 So to be able to create something that can empower indigenous youth 00:18:19.507 --> 00:18:22.749 and educate them on the indigenous history, 00:18:22.749 --> 00:18:27.300 on the future, on values and what it means to be indigenous. 00:18:28.998 --> 00:18:32.833 So Mobilize was a way that I could give voice to the voiceless. 00:18:33.130 --> 00:18:34.856 I could give a voice to the youth. 00:18:35.017 --> 00:18:37.884 To do it in a different way than I had seen being done, -- 00:18:38.481 --> 00:18:39.899 it was very important to me. 00:18:39.971 --> 00:18:41.995 To do it completely different, 00:18:41.995 --> 00:18:45.399 to represent the funky people, to represent the different people, 00:18:45.399 --> 00:18:48.628 to represent everybody that's ostracized that way 00:18:48.628 --> 00:18:51.695 and especially as indigenous people, like, that's been done to us. 00:18:52.786 --> 00:18:53.725 Okay. 00:18:53.725 --> 00:18:58.963 So this is the first drawing of this shirt. 00:18:59.109 --> 00:19:02.390 So, a lot of, like, the pieces will come, 00:19:02.390 --> 00:19:04.743 and they'll come at certain times, when I'm driving, 00:19:04.743 --> 00:19:06.437 when I'm listening to certain things. 00:19:06.676 --> 00:19:09.125 And they'll come and if I don't write it the way it's supposed to be, 00:19:09.125 --> 00:19:10.634 the idea won't stay. 00:19:11.266 --> 00:19:14.334 I want to try to encompass all of Canada 00:19:14.334 --> 00:19:17.218 and I'm gonna try to reach as many as I can. 00:19:17.218 --> 00:19:20.156 So for me this was like a lot of studying, 00:19:20.156 --> 00:19:24.849 a lot of research to try to see as far east as I could go 00:19:24.849 --> 00:19:26.717 and see what nations are there. 00:19:27.073 --> 00:19:29.247 And that's what is special about the language I find. 00:19:29.247 --> 00:19:36.206 It's that the stories, and the purpose, and everything exists within the language. 00:19:36.206 --> 00:19:38.695 That's in kind of a place that it's been locked. 00:19:38.695 --> 00:19:41.445 And it remains, and even though -- 00:19:41.833 --> 00:19:44.450 the assimilation has taken a lot of, like, -- 00:19:44.647 --> 00:19:49.350 our connection to community, our ceremonies, our practices. 00:19:49.350 --> 00:19:51.457 The language has kept all of that. 00:19:52.395 --> 00:19:54.138 How did you get the Cree word? 00:19:54.138 --> 00:19:58.103 Yes, well, the Cree word is on the back of this one here. 00:19:58.297 --> 00:19:59.103 Okay. 00:20:00.270 --> 00:20:03.817 So I just keep it as like Mobilize is the English version 00:20:03.817 --> 00:20:05.310 and then Waskawēwin, 00:20:05.648 --> 00:20:09.536 which is the Cree word for movement, is the Cree element that comes in. 00:20:11.074 --> 00:20:14.631 Mobilize didn't have a translation. 00:20:15.141 --> 00:20:18.228 But I also didn't want to just translate mobilize, 00:20:18.228 --> 00:20:21.784 I wanted to use movement as the word. 00:20:22.113 --> 00:20:25.162 So one thing that I really liked about the word waskawēwin 00:20:25.611 --> 00:20:28.648 was the presence of the triangular symbols, 00:20:28.648 --> 00:20:31.824 and for me these represented, like, two tipis 00:20:32.241 --> 00:20:34.297 and kind of represented the tribe that way. 00:20:34.442 --> 00:20:37.103 Being a part of Reuben's class was really special to understand 00:20:37.103 --> 00:20:40.812 the fundamentals of and to learn the history of the star chart 00:20:40.812 --> 00:20:43.178 and to learn the history of syllabics. 00:20:43.494 --> 00:20:45.793 Yeah, it was like learning indigenous history 00:20:45.793 --> 00:20:47.854 through the spirit mechanism. 00:20:47.854 --> 00:20:49.548 That was really special. 00:20:49.548 --> 00:20:52.319 He kind of just takes you back and he tells you the stories. 00:20:52.598 --> 00:20:55.445 And he takes you through a journey through story 00:20:55.635 --> 00:20:59.547 of the significance of the numbers of the grandfather directions, 00:20:59.547 --> 00:21:01.095 the grandmother directions. 00:21:12.673 --> 00:21:14.683 Yeah, înîw. 00:21:17.545 --> 00:21:20.358 And what does that mean, înîw? 00:21:20.482 --> 00:21:22.475 It's a collapsed word. 00:21:23.239 --> 00:21:26.861 ... actually is the way it's said. 00:21:31.544 --> 00:21:33.448 From what I understand; -- 00:21:35.076 --> 00:21:37.798 talk a little bit about colonization -- 00:21:38.808 --> 00:21:42.949 and taking over lands, the lands of original people; -- 00:21:43.308 --> 00:21:46.044 what I understand, first thing you got to do is 00:21:46.044 --> 00:21:49.412 you got to get rid of those people's deity, the name, 00:21:49.412 --> 00:21:52.780 and replace it with yours when you're colonizing people. 00:21:53.685 --> 00:21:58.735 So our dename for Néhiyaw people was aî, -- 00:21:59.369 --> 00:22:05.083 and we have a different paradigm as far as a dogma is concerned. 00:22:06.652 --> 00:22:10.193 You are aîs, I am aîs, 00:22:10.193 --> 00:22:12.746 so a diminutive of aî. 00:22:13.270 --> 00:22:16.679 So aîsînîw. 00:22:20.363 --> 00:22:25.665 But this is a collapsed version of that ??? înîw. 00:22:29.703 --> 00:22:32.520 o3d ??? 00:22:37.495 --> 00:22:39.051 Fantastic. 00:22:41.754 --> 00:22:44.562 So we have a relationship with the earth, 00:22:44.893 --> 00:22:50.346 and that relationship is that we relate to her as mother. 00:22:51.531 --> 00:22:58.249 So she when she brings forth those different people -- 00:22:59.439 --> 00:23:01.906 the plant people, the different ones, 00:23:01.906 --> 00:23:06.203 that's ??? coming out of the trees, out of the grass. 00:23:06.440 --> 00:23:09.342 And so she's showing us what love is. 00:23:10.666 --> 00:23:12.602 It's practical. 00:23:12.891 --> 00:23:14.718 So she'll give us all of this. 00:23:15.232 --> 00:23:17.778 We will be nurtured by it. 00:23:18.415 --> 00:23:23.689 The dandelion somewhere and different grasses. 00:23:23.689 --> 00:23:27.353 The four-legged people will eat from that. 00:23:27.353 --> 00:23:33.123 We will, in turn, get our sustenance from the four-legged people, 00:23:33.123 --> 00:23:36.874 but she's giving us all of that, showing us that love. 00:23:36.874 --> 00:23:42.416 Now, ??? is the morpheme of that word. 00:23:42.496 --> 00:23:48.050 And if I were to say to you, "I love you," I would say ???. 00:23:49.258 --> 00:23:52.070 Some people say ???, 00:23:52.499 --> 00:23:55.517 and I say ???. 00:23:55.736 --> 00:23:58.744 That's how I've been taught: ???. 00:23:58.744 --> 00:24:01.362 I love you or you are loved by me. 00:24:01.855 --> 00:24:08.138 So that's a good word to learn to say to your loved ones. 00:24:10.575 --> 00:24:13.763 That's one of the only words that I know to say to my partner. 00:24:13.763 --> 00:24:14.763 [Laughs] 00:24:15.939 --> 00:24:19.671 Yes, and see how that it's coming into bloom. 00:24:20.156 --> 00:24:22.046 It's gonna start blossoming. 00:24:22.046 --> 00:24:26.391 It'll continue to grow and then it'll go through its cycle, -- 00:24:26.752 --> 00:24:32.118 just like we will come into a relationship with others. 00:24:38.956 --> 00:24:42.820 This really sticks out to me, when I came here last summer, -- 00:24:44.616 --> 00:24:45.632 as a special place. 00:24:45.632 --> 00:24:51.419 Not only Amy's piece, but the other artwork and it's kind of perched over the river. 00:25:01.698 --> 00:25:09.603 When did you begin learning about syllabics and the spirit marker system? 00:25:10.521 --> 00:25:13.189 When we were liberated from residential school, 00:25:13.189 --> 00:25:16.986 probably 1970 or 1971, I don't remember. 00:25:17.177 --> 00:25:18.281 I was just young. 00:25:18.677 --> 00:25:23.455 and the late Rosana Hole and late Caroline Hunter would come in 00:25:23.455 --> 00:25:27.175 and teach us about them, me and my peers. 00:25:28.970 --> 00:25:33.023 So that's when I started learning the system that I know about. 00:25:33.389 --> 00:25:38.543 And it was made so simply for me to learn it -- 00:25:38.950 --> 00:25:42.395 that I passed it on the way that was taught to me, 00:25:42.395 --> 00:25:49.757 and I guarantee that people will master that writing system. 00:25:54.527 --> 00:25:59.271 I always tell the ones that are coming in to learn, 00:26:01.979 --> 00:26:04.124 "Take your page and go to the center." 00:26:04.124 --> 00:26:06.188 I tell them, "That's where we're gonna start off." 00:26:06.188 --> 00:26:09.841 because we're used to writing from the top to the right, 00:26:09.841 --> 00:26:11.692 left to right, left to right. 00:26:12.434 --> 00:26:13.646 But in this one, -- 00:26:14.784 --> 00:26:18.505 you go from the center and you start from inside. 00:26:18.571 --> 00:26:20.142 So there's the center there. 00:26:20.142 --> 00:26:23.343 I'll go left of center and write the first one, -- 00:26:24.282 --> 00:26:25.920 and that's this one here. 00:26:27.576 --> 00:26:29.611 This one is a phonetic language. 00:26:29.834 --> 00:26:32.066 So that one says ah. 00:26:33.264 --> 00:26:35.868 And it's also the sound. 00:26:36.782 --> 00:26:39.922 The first sound that people will make -- 00:26:42.842 --> 00:26:45.869 when they're praying and worshiping. 00:26:46.285 --> 00:26:50.179 They'll say something like, "ah ???." 00:26:50.474 --> 00:26:54.469 They'll describe that supreme being -- 00:26:54.922 --> 00:27:00.133 and the supreme being's name, this part of this as well. ā. 00:27:00.810 --> 00:27:05.027 Ā someone then will say, "???", -- 00:27:05.771 --> 00:27:07.057 describing again. 00:27:08.976 --> 00:27:12.236 They'll endear themselves to that supreme being 00:27:12.236 --> 00:27:15.453 by calling that supreme being father of all. 00:27:15.453 --> 00:27:18.359 Ā ???. 00:27:18.590 --> 00:27:24.581 So I say, "???" in recognition. There's you, me and the supreme being. 00:27:24.686 --> 00:27:26.121 ???. 00:27:26.121 --> 00:27:28.303 A lot of people say, "???" 00:27:28.303 --> 00:27:31.486 That's what I've learned. That's probably how you've heard it quite a bit. 00:27:31.486 --> 00:27:35.413 So that one near says, "???", this one says "???" 00:27:35.413 --> 00:27:37.462 There's that ???. 00:27:38.668 --> 00:27:41.702 So who's ah ba la 00:27:43.117 --> 00:27:46.649 And there's four of them, like I said, going off into the east: 00:27:46.649 --> 00:27:50.219 Miki nice ET wreath 00:27:50.219 --> 00:27:54.041 And there's seven of them, like I said. There's seven tectonic plates -- 00:27:54.862 --> 00:27:58.667 going off into the south, is the same vowel sound. 00:27:58.802 --> 00:28:03.696 And then into the southwest, there's what I like to call the anomaly. 00:28:04.290 --> 00:28:05.876 It's a a vowel sound. 00:28:05.876 --> 00:28:16.374 ??? 00:28:16.764 --> 00:28:18.626 A vowel sound ooh. 00:28:18.626 --> 00:28:23.018 And thank you Dr. James Makokis for correcting me on that. 00:28:23.018 --> 00:28:27.480 I used to go o, borrowing from English. 00:28:28.551 --> 00:28:31.052 He said that, "Oh isn't it ooh?" 00:28:31.052 --> 00:28:35.254 and I said, "Hey yeah, that's right." ???. 00:28:36.979 --> 00:28:39.026 And then they're smaller -- 00:28:41.586 --> 00:28:45.512 and these are way smaller than the big ones, big spirit markers, 00:28:45.512 --> 00:28:47.618 small spirit markers here. 00:28:49.089 --> 00:28:50.340 To complete -- 00:28:53.518 --> 00:28:59.586 what Dr. Marilyn Shirt has called the star chart. 00:29:03.749 --> 00:29:06.570 So the one I told you -- 00:29:20.568 --> 00:29:23.517 ??? -- 00:29:24.478 --> 00:29:29.686 that's, "You are loved by me or I love you." 00:29:30.618 --> 00:29:31.618 ??? 00:29:32.272 --> 00:29:35.229 Yeah, ??? 00:29:38.059 --> 00:29:40.207 So that's the writing system there. 00:29:40.963 --> 00:29:45.250 My hope is that it will help to instill pride in those -- 00:29:45.705 --> 00:29:49.580 for those young people -- 00:29:49.866 --> 00:29:52.550 because this is a racist country -- 00:29:53.686 --> 00:29:56.431 and it was born out of racism. 00:29:57.067 --> 00:30:00.705 And of course racism disconnects people. 00:30:01.329 --> 00:30:02.902 This one connects us. 00:30:04.432 --> 00:30:07.282 And all have access to it, -- 00:30:08.660 --> 00:30:11.890 whatever ethnicity you are from. 00:30:13.271 --> 00:30:15.256 It all makes sense to everybody. 00:30:15.256 --> 00:30:19.508 It can make sense to everyone and we can start connecting. 00:30:22.176 --> 00:30:25.223 What they taught us in the residential schools 00:30:25.223 --> 00:30:32.255 is that we were worth less than Europeans. 00:30:33.271 --> 00:30:37.652 And this one teaches us that ??? -- 00:30:40.895 --> 00:30:45.209 will have the same measurements as far as humanity. 00:30:45.209 --> 00:30:48.591 Our DNA says that we're all the same. 00:30:53.898 --> 00:30:58.265 I want to thank you so much for sharing about this because -- 00:30:59.054 --> 00:31:02.827 I can see the the brilliance and sophistication -- 00:31:03.744 --> 00:31:09.435 within the way you've shown and explained, 00:31:09.813 --> 00:31:13.279 and it piques my interest and makes me want to learn more. 00:31:13.279 --> 00:31:16.489 It makes me want to move out here so I could take one of your classes. 00:31:16.489 --> 00:31:17.705 Yeah. 00:31:20.272 --> 00:31:22.078 Thank you so much for sharing this. 00:31:22.861 --> 00:31:24.404 An honor and a privilege. 00:31:26.872 --> 00:31:27.902 ♪[Music]♪