[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.84,0:00:07.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(African music: \Ndrums, marimba, vocals)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.76,0:00:25.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♪ Africa ♪
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.83,0:00:50.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(drumbeats, male narrator)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.91,0:00:54.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Early in the 16th century,\NAfrica began to suffer
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.30,0:00:57.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the greatest calamity in its history:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.02,0:01:03.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the steady and continuous arrival\Nof Europeans.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.13,0:01:08.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(drums)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.09,0:01:12.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was one of 43 castles built by
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.32,0:01:17.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,seven European nations along the coast\Nof West Africa.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.01,0:01:21.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They stand today as monuments to \Nrivalry and greed,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.30,0:01:24.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the Europeans had discovered\Nthe wealth of the Americas,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.85,0:01:27.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mining wealth and plantation wealth,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.14,0:01:32.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the way to get it: \Nby using slave labor.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.64,0:01:34.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Unwilling to take slaves from Europe,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.70,0:01:38.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and unable to find enough in the New World,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.14,0:01:42.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they turned to Africa.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.45,0:01:45.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Horrible in its brutality and violence,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.81,0:01:47.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the slave trade robbed Africa of millions
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.99,0:01:50.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of men and women, and even children.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.64,0:01:53.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It spread cruelty and disaster.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.30,0:01:58.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And yet, it was not only the enormous\Nnumbers that mattered.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.41,0:02:03.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every year for centuries, the trade\Nremoved from Africa
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.88,0:02:07.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tens of thousands of productive workers,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.13,0:02:09.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of skilled workers, of men and women
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.72,0:02:13.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trained in tropical farming,\Nin valuable crafts,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.68,0:02:17.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in many forms of enterprise.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.32,0:02:19.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(waves breaking)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.74,0:02:23.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today the great Atlantic rollers\Nhave long lost their menace,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.88,0:02:28.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the forebears of these boys were\Namong the lucky ones.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.78,0:02:32.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But for millions before them, perhaps as\Nmany as 15 millions,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.86,0:02:35.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this was the last they would ever see
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.06,0:02:38.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of their African homeland.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.27,0:02:40.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Among the ships' captains there were
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.09,0:02:42.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tight packers and loose packers.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.52,0:02:44.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Their purpose was the same:
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.59,0:02:46.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to enlarge their profits by landing
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.45,0:02:50.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as many slaves as possible alive\Nin the New World.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.49,0:02:55.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(music)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.83,0:03:00.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes captured far inland, the victims
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.85,0:03:03.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of black traders were driven to the dungeons
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.21,0:03:06.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of their white partners on the coast.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.66,0:03:08.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There were protests, but they dwindled
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.55,0:03:11.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the profits of the trade became\Never more corrupting
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.80,0:03:13.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to kings and merchants in Africa,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.88,0:03:18.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as well as in Europe.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.86,0:03:22.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It became normal, and even necessary,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.28,0:03:24.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for white people to think of\Ntheir black victims
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.64,0:03:27.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as less than human.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.13,0:03:32.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Racism grew out of slavery.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.77,0:03:36.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At Cape Coast, a chapel was built for \Nthe British garrison,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.04,0:03:38.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right on top of the dungeons where,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.12,0:03:46.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at any one time, up to 1500 black captives\Nawaited shipment.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.66,0:03:52.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not even the clergy spoke out\Nagainst the trade,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.12,0:03:57.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and some were ready to share\Nin the pickings.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.66,0:04:01.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Early in the 19th century,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.66,0:04:03.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Atlantic slave trade gradually began\N
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.84,0:04:05.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to come to an end.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.90,0:04:07.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But even as the slavers withdrew,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.60,0:04:09.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Europeans of a new kind began to
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.86,0:04:13.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,penetrate deeply into the interior.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.20,0:04:15.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These were the explorers.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.30,0:04:17.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They had no warlike intentions,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.31,0:04:21.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the guns they carried were for \Nhunting and self-defense.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.24,0:04:22.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was seldom the fault of such men
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.94,0:04:25.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the routes they opened up would
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.02,0:04:32.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all too soon be used by others \Nwith very different aims.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.34,0:04:39.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Later generations of explorers would try
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.46,0:04:41.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the North Pole, or the South,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.61,0:04:44.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or in our own day, the moon.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.18,0:04:47.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But for Mungo Park, Livingstone, \NBurton and many others,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.50,0:04:50.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Africa's legendary lakes and rivers
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.36,0:04:52.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were the great challenge. Above all else,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.82,0:04:57.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they wanted to unlock the geographical\Nmysteries of the continent.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.94,0:05:01.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The strange thing\Nabout those remarkable men
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.28,0:05:04.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that they really were only interested,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.65,0:05:06.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a few exceptions, in finding things:
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.90,0:05:11.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in gold, in ivory,\Nin geographical information,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.38,0:05:13.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in land to take.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.39,0:05:16.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Almost never were they really interested
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.34,0:05:19.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the humanity of Africa.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.18,0:05:23.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The great exception was David Livingstone,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.17,0:05:25.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the inhabitants of Central Africa,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.44,0:05:27.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,surely the best-loved European
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.12,0:05:31.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ever to set foot in their country.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.29,0:05:34.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A missionary who became an explorer,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.71,0:05:37.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Livingstone traced the great Zambezi River
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.11,0:05:40.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from its far inland source\Nto the Indian Ocean,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.42,0:05:42.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hoping that if he could only prove it to be
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.93,0:05:45.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a navigable waterway, the whole of \NCentral Africa
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.79,0:05:50.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could be opened up to the blessings\Nof the Gospel.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.94,0:05:56.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1855 he became the first white man\Nto see the Victoria Falls,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.37,0:06:01.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,soon to be accepted as one of the\Nnatural wonders of the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.61,0:06:09.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(music)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.88,0:06:17.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But less dramatic obstacles\Nfurther downstream
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.73,0:06:20.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,barred the way to navigation.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.44,0:06:22.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His specially constructed river steamer
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.72,0:06:26.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had to turn back.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.24,0:06:31.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today, Livingstone's statue stands
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.34,0:06:35.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,overlooking the falls to which\Nhe gave a name.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.71,0:06:38.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The inscription says that\NDr. David Livingstone
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.19,0:06:42.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,discovered the falls. That was in 1855.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.55,0:06:45.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What happened, in fact, was that African
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.21,0:06:47.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,friends of his, with whom he was living,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.20,0:06:50.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some days upstream from here,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.04,0:06:53.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,told him about this amazing sight \Nin their country,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.26,0:06:55.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and brought him to see it.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.08,0:06:57.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Livingstone, whose generosity of heart
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.95,0:07:01.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,never allowed him to forget what he owed\Nto Africans,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.22,0:07:04.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was careful to record this in his memoirs.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.48,0:07:07.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the people who put the statue up,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.95,0:07:11.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,long after, evidently thought that nothing
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.04,0:07:16.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really exists until a white man \Nhas found it.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.47,0:07:20.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(roaring waterfall)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.72,0:07:22.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But news of such earthly wonders
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.86,0:07:26.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,failed to impress his missionary\Npaymasters in London.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.63,0:07:28.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To them, Livingstone's journeys
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.23,0:07:30.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and geographical researches were a sign
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.55,0:07:34.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he was neglecting his work for God.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.16,0:07:37.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They wanted converts, not waterfalls.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.35,0:07:39.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He, for his part, found their attitude
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.16,0:07:41.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the splendors of Africa so narrow
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.52,0:07:43.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he was driven to resign his membership
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.84,0:07:48.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the London Missionary Society.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.14,0:07:52.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His duty, he believed, was to respond\Nto a wider vision.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.82,0:07:55.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There were plenty of others to do\Nordinary work.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.83,0:07:59.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so indeed there were.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.99,0:08:09.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(music)
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.82,0:08:12.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A growing band of dedicated men and women
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.44,0:08:14.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,came forward from many nations
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.52,0:08:20.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to carry the Gospel into these\Nheathen lands.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.62,0:08:27.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the Mangwe Pass, an historic place
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.06,0:08:31.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the story of the white man's\Npenetration of Southern Africa.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.99,0:08:36.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To the southwest lay the deserts\Nof the Kalahari,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.11,0:08:39.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and beyond, to the southeast, \Nwhite-ruled South Africa,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.100,0:08:42.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while back behind me, through the hills,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.46,0:08:46.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the old trail ran north to Bulawayo,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.24,0:08:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,capital of the kingdom of the Matabele.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.38,0:08:52.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here ran the southern frontier \Nof that kingdom,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.84,0:08:55.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this pass was the only point of entry
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.61,0:08:58.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,allowed by the Matabele king to
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.42,0:09:02.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,European missionaries, traders or hunters.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.61,0:09:09.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In their attitude to the Africans\Nwhom they'd come to convert,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.71,0:09:11.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most of the missionaries would have been
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.69,0:09:15.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,happy to echo the words \Nof Livingstone himself:
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.02,0:09:17.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(male voice, Scottish accent)\NWe come among them as members
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.29,0:09:19.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a superior race, and servants\N
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.38,0:09:21.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a government that desires to elevate
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.95,0:09:25.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more degraded portions of the human family.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.88,0:09:28.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are adherents of a benign,\Nholy religion,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.69,0:09:32.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and may by consistent conduct and wise,\Npatient efforts,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.53,0:09:34.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,become the harbingers of peace
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.63,0:09:39.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to a hitherto distracted \Nand downtrodden race.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.01,0:09:43.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(narrator)\NA few thought otherwise.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.13,0:09:47.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here are the words of Bishop Tozer \Nof the Universities' Mission:
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.71,0:09:49.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(male voice)\NWhat do we mean when we say that
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.91,0:09:52.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,England or France are civilized countries,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.48,0:09:56.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the greater part of Africa\Nis uncivilized?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.72,0:09:59.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Surely the mere enjoyment of such things
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.02,0:10:01.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as railways and telegraphs do not
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.52,0:10:03.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,necessarily prove their possessors to be
Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.78,0:10:07.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the first rank of civilized nations.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.12,0:10:08.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing can be so false as to suppose
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.96,0:10:11.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the outward circumstance of a people
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.70,0:10:14.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the measure either of its barbarism,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.27,0:10:18.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or its civilization.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.63,0:10:24.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nevertheless, most missionaries believed
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.86,0:10:27.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they alone could raise Africans
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.16,0:10:31.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out of their spiritual degradation.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.11,0:10:33.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They faced many perils, not from being
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.60,0:10:36.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,boiled in an African pot,\Nwhich never happened,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.55,0:10:40.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but from mortal fevers they could not cure.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.26,0:10:42.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Six out of nine at Makalolo Mission,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.43,0:10:44.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which Livingstone had founded,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.06,0:10:47.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,died in a single year.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.64,0:10:52.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Willing converts were few, so it had\Nto be asked:
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.46,0:10:57.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is force justified to save a man's soul?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:57.01,0:10:59.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Flogging was used at some mission stations,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.34,0:11:02.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,others disapproved.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.37,0:11:04.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(male voice)\NIf it is agreed that an expedition
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.60,0:11:06.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cannot be carried out\Nunless the leader of it
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.94,0:11:09.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,commits day by day acts of brute violence,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.92,0:11:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the reply is that missionary expeditions
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.40,0:11:14.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had better not be undertaken.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.80,0:11:16.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If missions can only be worked by methods
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.91,0:11:18.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which no supporter of the mission would
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.92,0:11:21.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dare to state in detail \Non a mission platform,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:21.93,0:11:26.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then missions had better not be undertaken.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.80,0:11:35.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(music)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:39.42,0:11:46.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(African drumming and singing)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.30,0:11:48.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But another and unquestioned requirement
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.52,0:11:50.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lay at the core of missionary labors:
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.71,0:11:52.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if the Gospel message was to be accepted,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.99,0:11:54.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the spiritual beliefs which formed
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.82,0:11:57.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the foundation of African community life,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:57.51,0:12:01.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had to be drained of their power,\Nand effectively destroyed.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.90,0:12:03.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What the missionaries had come to do
Dialogue: 0,0:12:03.90,0:12:05.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was to convince Africans that they must
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.99,0:12:09.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,renounce their beliefs, \Nforget their ancestors,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:09.24,0:12:13.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and discard the very fabric of their culture.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:13.91,0:12:21.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(drumming, singing)
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.95,0:12:25.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This missionary film, made as recently\Nas the 1960s,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:25.07,0:12:29.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,makes the point very clearly.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.25,0:12:32.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(male voiceover from film)\NAs these women, whose lives have been spent
Dialogue: 0,0:12:32.39,0:12:34.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the dark shadow of fear, listen to the
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.35,0:12:37.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,radiant young girls, they wonder at their\Njoy and confidence.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.94,0:12:40.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They remember the offerings they had
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.15,0:12:42.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so often made to the juju themselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.61,0:12:46.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The sacrifices which have been of no use.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:46.66,0:12:53.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(drumming, music)
Dialogue: 0,0:13:22.61,0:13:24.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I will tell you of a God who does not
Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.76,0:13:31.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,require our sacrifice. \NHe made sacrifice for us.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.02,0:13:32.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She shows to these fear-ridden people
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.95,0:13:37.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the symbol of God's love.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:39.17,0:13:42.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes the people seek out\Nthe missionary later.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:42.74,0:13:45.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have lost our faith in these jujus,\Nthey say.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.75,0:13:50.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We want to destroy them\Nand begin a new life.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:50.26,0:13:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(drumming)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:04.23,0:14:11.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some rejoice. Some wonder \Nwhat will become of them now.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:14.66,0:14:16.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Finally comes the great day when they
Dialogue: 0,0:14:16.80,0:14:18.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gather for the baptism service.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:18.86,0:14:22.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Students from the training college,\Ngirls from the primary school,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:22.16,0:14:23.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,men and women, one by one
Dialogue: 0,0:14:23.99,0:14:26.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they go down into the waters of baptism
Dialogue: 0,0:14:26.43,0:14:29.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that they might be renewed in Christ.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.44,0:14:36.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(music)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:52.67,0:14:55.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(narrator)\NA skeptic might find it hard to see why
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.51,0:14:57.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one form of spiritual renewal should be
Dialogue: 0,0:14:57.66,0:15:00.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so superior to another.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:00.29,0:15:02.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But to these missionaries, this was the
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.26,0:15:06.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,indispensable climax to their endeavors.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.83,0:15:15.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(music)
Dialogue: 0,0:15:23.97,0:15:26.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a Methodist school called
Dialogue: 0,0:15:26.02,0:15:28.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Waddilove, in modern Zimbabwe.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:28.39,0:15:30.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's an important day, because the
Dialogue: 0,0:15:30.20,0:15:33.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Minister of Information, \NMr. Nathan Shamuyarira,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:33.22,0:15:37.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,himself an old boy of the school,\Nis making a visit.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:37.32,0:15:39.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The event brings into focus some of the
Dialogue: 0,0:15:39.26,0:15:45.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,underlying currents and contradictions\Nof recent history.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:45.32,0:15:47.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mr. Shamuyarira speaks for a government
Dialogue: 0,0:15:47.19,0:15:49.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with radical ideas, which may well
Dialogue: 0,0:15:49.32,0:15:53.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,find itself at odds \Nwith religious conservatism.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:53.70,0:15:55.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet he was educated here, and brought up
Dialogue: 0,0:15:55.76,0:15:58.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the religion of white Colonial settlers,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:58.44,0:16:00.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whose contempt for African humanity
Dialogue: 0,0:16:00.53,0:16:03.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,generally outweighed \Ntheir Christian commitment
Dialogue: 0,0:16:03.34,0:16:06.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the brotherhood of man.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:06.07,0:16:12.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(singing)
Dialogue: 0,0:16:12.52,0:16:15.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's one of the ironies of Christianity\Nin Africa that,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:15.16,0:16:17.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,although it may have preceded
Dialogue: 0,0:16:17.71,0:16:20.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Colonial occupation, it can't now escape
Dialogue: 0,0:16:20.70,0:16:25.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the fact that it became \Ndeeply involved with the system.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:25.38,0:16:27.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The foreign rulers may have departed,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:27.59,0:16:30.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yet the tunes live on.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:30.02,0:16:31.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(singing)
Dialogue: 0,0:16:31.33,0:16:32.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♪ Oh Lord I thank you ♪
Dialogue: 0,0:16:32.79,0:16:34.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♪ Oh Lord I thank you ♪
Dialogue: 0,0:16:34.78,0:16:43.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♪ Oh Lord I thank you, \Nfor the rest of my life ♪
Dialogue: 0,0:16:45.74,0:16:52.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(preaching in native language)
Dialogue: 0,0:16:52.50,0:16:55.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(narrator)\NNowadays, the sermon is no longer In English.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:55.65,0:16:57.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This clergyman is speaking Shona,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:57.65,0:17:02.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the language of most of the children\Nat Waddilove,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:03.72,0:17:11.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he clearly feels no need to put\Nso much emphasis on sin and guilt.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:13.92,0:17:22.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(congregation laughs)
Dialogue: 0,0:17:22.50,0:17:24.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How far is the accusation true
Dialogue: 0,0:17:24.77,0:17:27.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that missionary teaching was really
Dialogue: 0,0:17:27.28,0:17:29.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,part of Colonial teaching?
Dialogue: 0,0:17:29.78,0:17:32.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, the whole missionary enterprise here
Dialogue: 0,0:17:32.46,0:17:35.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was an integral part of colonization.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:35.87,0:17:38.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The missionaries came to this country
Dialogue: 0,0:17:38.66,0:17:40.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the colonizers from South Africa,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:40.99,0:17:44.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and one particular missionary,\NReverend Jackson,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:44.28,0:17:47.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,assisted in interpreting the deceptive
Dialogue: 0,0:17:47.34,0:17:51.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rudd Concession to King Lobengula
Dialogue: 0,0:17:51.11,0:17:52.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the time of colonization, and this
Dialogue: 0,0:17:52.91,0:17:56.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,relationship between the administrators,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:56.87,0:17:58.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the soldiers and the miners
Dialogue: 0,0:17:58.70,0:18:00.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,-- the gun and the Bible, so to speak --
Dialogue: 0,0:18:00.93,0:18:04.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,continued throughout the Colonial period.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:04.62,0:18:06.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But however, Colonial ... the missionary
Dialogue: 0,0:18:06.79,0:18:10.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,enterprise did also assist
Dialogue: 0,0:18:10.64,0:18:14.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the sharpening of contradictions within\NColonial society.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:14.12,0:18:18.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the one hand, missionaries were\Npreaching the equality of Man,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:18.33,0:18:20.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and yet they themselves were practising
Dialogue: 0,0:18:20.66,0:18:25.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,discrimination in a deeply\Nracially divided Colonial society.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:25.60,0:18:27.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So they were part of the racist setup?
Dialogue: 0,0:18:27.96,0:18:29.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were part of the racist setup.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:29.69,0:18:31.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the other hand, they were providing
Dialogue: 0,0:18:31.76,0:18:36.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,education in order to get literate workers
Dialogue: 0,0:18:36.34,0:18:39.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to work in the factories, and in the mines,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:39.84,0:18:42.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and farms of the colonizer.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:42.56,0:18:52.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(singing)
Dialogue: 0,0:18:52.34,0:18:54.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In honor of the Minister's visit,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:54.05,0:18:58.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the school has laid on a display\Nof gymnastics.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:58.91,0:19:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most early missionaries tried to destroy
Dialogue: 0,0:19:01.00,0:19:03.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the dancing arts and rhythms of Africa,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:03.45,0:19:07.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,saying that these were lascivious and evil.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:07.61,0:19:09.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet African Christianity has managed to
Dialogue: 0,0:19:09.84,0:19:12.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,survive that effort at repression,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:12.83,0:19:14.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and children at mission schools like this
Dialogue: 0,0:19:14.86,0:19:18.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can have the fun of combining the new\Nwith the old.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:18.55,0:19:29.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(music and singing)
Dialogue: 0,0:19:41.82,0:19:43.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In another part of the school grounds,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:43.64,0:19:48.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,quite suddenly, old Africa was being revived.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:48.02,0:19:50.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here was a schoolgirl in the midst of\Na Christian mission,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:50.56,0:19:53.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,re-enacting the role of a spirit medium
Dialogue: 0,0:19:53.23,0:19:56.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as she goes into her trance.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:56.57,0:20:00.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Ow! Oow! Ooooww!)
Dialogue: 0,0:20:00.06,0:20:05.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(clapping, chanting)
Dialogue: 0,0:20:05.71,0:20:07.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Helped by friends, she portrays
Dialogue: 0,0:20:07.26,0:20:10.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an ancient ritual of Shona belief.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:10.02,0:20:14.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This, many people still believe,\Nis the method used by their ancestors
Dialogue: 0,0:20:14.38,0:20:17.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to pass messages to the living.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:20.60,0:20:22.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(a-ooo!)
Dialogue: 0,0:20:22.94,0:20:25.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These girls were playing out a drama of
Dialogue: 0,0:20:25.42,0:20:27.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their own history, one that many of them
Dialogue: 0,0:20:27.40,0:20:32.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will have witnessed \Nin their family backgrounds.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:32.50,0:20:34.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Across the years of the Colonial intrusion,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:34.73,0:20:37.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's a kind of psychological reconciliation
Dialogue: 0,0:20:37.81,0:20:43.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between the present and the past.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:46.88,0:20:49.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How does one summarize the effect of the
Dialogue: 0,0:20:49.79,0:20:51.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,missionary effort in terms of Africans
Dialogue: 0,0:20:51.68,0:20:53.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coming to terms, coming to grips with
Dialogue: 0,0:20:53.97,0:20:56.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the realities of the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:56.14,0:21:00.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well on the one hand they were anxious,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:00.21,0:21:03.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and did, you know, take very drastic steps
Dialogue: 0,0:21:03.50,0:21:06.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to destroy the culture of the African people.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:06.38,0:21:11.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was implicit in the teaching\Nof Christianity itself.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:11.15,0:21:13.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the same context, it produced
Dialogue: 0,0:21:13.46,0:21:16.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the contradictions which led to its ...
Dialogue: 0,0:21:16.84,0:21:19.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the downfall of Colonialism,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:19.45,0:21:23.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by educating people, bringing them to an
Dialogue: 0,0:21:23.80,0:21:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,institution like this where we were able
Dialogue: 0,0:21:25.98,0:21:29.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to meet students from different parts
Dialogue: 0,0:21:29.77,0:21:33.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the country, and one was given a
Dialogue: 0,0:21:33.40,0:21:36.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,national perspective at an institution\Nlike this.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:36.36,0:21:41.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it was, eh, then possible,\Nwhen one left here,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:41.27,0:21:44.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to go and organize at a national level.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:44.68,0:21:48.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So many of the national leaders\Nof this country today
Dialogue: 0,0:21:48.88,0:21:51.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were educated at mission schools.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:51.20,0:21:53.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nine out of every ten educated blacks
Dialogue: 0,0:21:53.98,0:21:56.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were educated at mission schools.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:56.08,0:21:58.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Comrade Robert Mugabe, the first
Dialogue: 0,0:21:58.18,0:22:00.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prime minister of an independent Zimbabwe,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:00.54,0:22:02.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was brought up, trained and educated
Dialogue: 0,0:22:02.75,0:22:06.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at Kutama, a Roman Catholic mission school.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:06.23,0:22:08.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And many of the leaders in the present
Dialogue: 0,0:22:08.24,0:22:10.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Zimbabwean government were educated
Dialogue: 0,0:22:10.62,0:22:13.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at various mission schools throughout\Nthe country.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:13.19,0:22:16.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it did produce its own contradictions
Dialogue: 0,0:22:16.07,0:22:18.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it, you know, sharpened
Dialogue: 0,0:22:18.61,0:22:21.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the contradictions in Colonial society.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:21.59,0:22:22.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like a lot of other things in history,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:22.78,0:22:25.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it had an unforeseen outcome.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:25.26,0:22:27.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, yes it had.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:27.40,0:22:29.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you get an old boy coming\Nto your school,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:29.54,0:22:33.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,suddenly some of you should feel inspired
Dialogue: 0,0:22:33.54,0:22:37.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the amount of contribution\Nthat he has made,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:37.32,0:22:41.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what Waddilove has produced in him.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:41.14,0:22:44.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So sir we are greatly honored\Nthat you have come.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:44.12,0:22:46.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know the visit has been a very brief one,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:46.74,0:22:49.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it is historical, and we do hope
Dialogue: 0,0:22:49.61,0:22:52.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that when you have time, you'll be able\Nto come back
Dialogue: 0,0:22:52.06,0:22:56.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and see more of Waddilove than you have\Nseen today.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:56.90,0:23:05.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(choir singing)
Dialogue: 0,0:23:43.53,0:23:46.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Minister receives a hero's sendoff,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:46.61,0:23:49.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,partly for his role as one of the leaders
Dialogue: 0,0:23:49.10,0:23:51.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who fought for Zimbabwe's independence,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:51.04,0:23:52.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and partly, no doubt, for being
Dialogue: 0,0:23:52.67,0:23:58.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the occasion of an extra day's holiday.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:59.42,0:24:01.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Watching scenes like this, it would be
Dialogue: 0,0:24:01.43,0:24:04.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hard to deny that the coming of Christianity
Dialogue: 0,0:24:04.73,0:24:09.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to Central Africa has, in the end,\Nbrought many blessings.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:09.16,0:24:11.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These children of Zimbabwe look forward
Dialogue: 0,0:24:11.15,0:24:18.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to opportunities and freedoms unknown\Nto their parents.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:18.84,0:24:21.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet, the cost has been a large one.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:21.77,0:24:23.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Much of value in African culture
Dialogue: 0,0:24:23.60,0:24:25.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was distorted or buried beneath the
Dialogue: 0,0:24:25.54,0:24:29.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,intolerant certainties of a foreign culture.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:29.70,0:24:31.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And who can say whether, in the end,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:31.70,0:24:35.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it won't be the practical benefits\Nprovided by the missions
Dialogue: 0,0:24:35.09,0:24:38.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that outlast the spiritual ones.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:38.88,0:24:42.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♪ Africa ♪
Dialogue: 0,0:26:01.81,0:26:04.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♪ Africa ♪
Dialogue: 0,0:26:09.74,0:26:22.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(voices murmuring, church bell)
Dialogue: 0,0:26:22.08,0:26:29.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(singing)
Dialogue: 0,0:26:32.96,0:26:34.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(narrator)\NThe little town of Bagamoyo
Dialogue: 0,0:26:34.100,0:26:36.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had been the African starting point
Dialogue: 0,0:26:36.81,0:26:38.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for missionaries as well as explorers.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:38.90,0:26:43.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For David Livingstone, it was journey's end.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:43.87,0:26:47.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This the place, ironically a Catholic mission,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:47.28,0:26:51.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the first Catholic mission\Non the East African mainland,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:51.52,0:26:56.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where Susi and Chuma finally laid the body
Dialogue: 0,0:26:56.25,0:26:58.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of their friend, David Livingstone,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:58.83,0:27:04.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in its last resting place on the\NAfrican continent.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:07.17,0:27:09.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Throughout the final months of his life,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:09.67,0:27:11.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Livingstone had always been accompanied
Dialogue: 0,0:27:11.64,0:27:16.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by his two devoted companions,\NSusi and Chuma.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:16.85,0:27:24.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(music)
Dialogue: 0,0:27:24.30,0:27:27.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They it was who nursed him through\Nhis last illness,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:27.36,0:27:29.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and undertook that great African journey
Dialogue: 0,0:27:29.70,0:27:33.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of 1500 miles, to bring his body\Ndown to the coast
Dialogue: 0,0:27:33.50,0:27:37.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after he died in 1873.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:37.24,0:27:39.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For that most Christian act, they were
Dialogue: 0,0:27:39.52,0:27:46.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,frowned out of notice and curtly dismissed.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:46.02,0:27:48.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Later, happily, those faithful companions
Dialogue: 0,0:27:48.48,0:27:50.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,received less churlish treatment,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:50.100,0:27:53.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yet it has to be said\Nthat Livingstone himself
Dialogue: 0,0:27:53.97,0:27:57.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was not quite free of that same attitude.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:57.06,0:27:59.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Remember his words: "We come among them
Dialogue: 0,0:27:59.17,0:28:03.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as members of a superior race, to elevate
Dialogue: 0,0:28:03.92,0:28:07.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the more degraded portions\Nof the human family."
Dialogue: 0,0:28:07.99,0:28:09.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course he was a man of his time,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:09.93,0:28:11.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and such attitudes were common,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:11.71,0:28:15.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but he also affirmed --and this was\Nmost uncommon --
Dialogue: 0,0:28:15.92,0:28:18.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that black people could be made to be equal
Dialogue: 0,0:28:18.45,0:28:21.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with white people by two gifts
Dialogue: 0,0:28:21.85,0:28:25.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that Europe could offer:\NChristianity and commerce.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:25.59,0:28:28.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what he believed, and he died\Nbelieving it.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:28.54,0:28:33.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I have wondered, in my own years \Nof wandering these trails,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:33.61,0:28:35.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what Livingstone would have said if he
Dialogue: 0,0:28:35.79,0:28:40.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could have seen the outcome \Nof those two gifts.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:40.29,0:28:47.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(silent movie-style piano music)
Dialogue: 0,0:28:47.76,0:28:50.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the 1870s, the land around\Nthe little town of Kimberley,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:50.97,0:28:53.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in what is now South Africa, was found
Dialogue: 0,0:28:53.38,0:28:57.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to contain the richest deposits\Nof diamonds in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:57.11,0:28:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Europeans in search of \Nquick and easy profits
Dialogue: 0,0:28:59.99,0:29:04.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rushed into the area.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:06.19,0:29:08.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Among them was a young Englishman who'd
Dialogue: 0,0:29:08.07,0:29:11.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,come to South Africa at the age of 17.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:11.25,0:29:15.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His name was Cecil Rhodes.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:19.03,0:29:21.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In spite of his youth, Rhodes \Nquickly learned
Dialogue: 0,0:29:21.47,0:29:23.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the path to great personal wealth
Dialogue: 0,0:29:23.44,0:29:26.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,led through great personal power.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:26.10,0:29:28.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He set out to win that power by getting
Dialogue: 0,0:29:28.37,0:29:31.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,control of the diamond industry.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:31.68,0:29:33.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He succeeded by clever maneuvering,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:33.50,0:29:35.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the steady purchase of other men's claims
Dialogue: 0,0:29:35.48,0:29:40.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when their funds were low, and the\Nnecessary ruthlessness.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:41.100,0:29:44.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rhodes saw to it that he was going to be\N
Dialogue: 0,0:29:44.28,0:29:48.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the one to emerge as the king of diamonds,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:48.12,0:29:50.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and his kingdom was going to be in Africa,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:50.42,0:29:53.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where the English reigned supreme.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:53.36,0:29:55.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what he wrote:
Dialogue: 0,0:29:55.13,0:29:57.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(male voice)\NJust fancy those parts of the world
Dialogue: 0,0:29:57.42,0:29:59.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are at present inhabited by the most
Dialogue: 0,0:29:59.50,0:30:02.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,despicable specimens of human beings.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:02.04,0:30:03.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What an alteration there would be if they
Dialogue: 0,0:30:03.99,0:30:06.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were brought under Anglo-Saxon influence.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:06.79,0:30:09.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(narrator)\NThis early film, taken in Kimberley, shows
Dialogue: 0,0:30:09.90,0:30:15.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that attitude and arrogance at work.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:19.32,0:30:21.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet mineral wealth was not the only prize.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:21.90,0:30:23.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There was territory to be won.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:23.38,0:30:25.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All through the 19th century, British forces
Dialogue: 0,0:30:25.77,0:30:28.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pushed out of Cape Colony, overcoming
Dialogue: 0,0:30:28.22,0:30:30.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one African people after another, until,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:30.55,0:30:34.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 1879, they came up against the most
Dialogue: 0,0:30:34.99,0:30:37.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,formidable of all, the Zulu.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:37.38,0:30:47.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(music and singing)
Dialogue: 0,0:30:52.66,0:30:55.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So far, this mission of the gun had gone\Nwell for the British,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:55.66,0:31:00.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the Zulu had 25,000 warriors ready \Nto take up arms.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:00.68,0:31:03.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Their king, Cetshwayo, wanted peace.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:03.18,0:31:06.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After all, he'd been crowned with\NBritish approval.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:06.18,0:31:12.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the British wanted war.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:12.88,0:31:17.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(delicate piano music)
Dialogue: 0,0:31:17.08,0:31:19.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(sound of slide advancing in machine)
Dialogue: 0,0:31:19.48,0:31:21.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This genteel set of lecture slides,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:21.93,0:31:23.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Victorian equivalent of news film
Dialogue: 0,0:31:23.73,0:31:25.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the battle front, reported the war
Dialogue: 0,0:31:25.61,0:31:29.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the public at home wished to imagine it.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:29.78,0:31:32.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was the heyday of empire, and here\Nwere British redcoats,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:32.70,0:31:35.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,subduing one more mob of heathen savages
Dialogue: 0,0:31:35.70,0:31:41.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,before bestowing on them the blessings \Nof Anglo-Saxon civilization.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:41.08,0:31:43.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reality was very different.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:43.69,0:31:48.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(singing)
Dialogue: 0,0:31:48.49,0:31:50.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At Isandlwana, Britain suffered one of
Dialogue: 0,0:31:50.48,0:31:53.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the worst defeats in her Imperial history,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:53.78,0:31:57.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the Zulus had a victory to celebrate.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:57.86,0:32:01.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As the troops strove vainly to get\Nthe lids off their ammunition boxes,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:01.94,0:32:05.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Zulu impis overwhelmed them.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:05.03,0:32:08.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the end of the day, 800 British\Nsoldiers lay dead.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:08.13,0:32:14.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not a single wounded man was spared.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:15.89,0:32:17.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But at Rorke's Drift a few miles away,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:17.95,0:32:20.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a tiny British garrison,\Nwith great bravery,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:20.56,0:32:27.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,withstood three Zulu regiments,\Nnumbering nearly 5000 men.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:27.72,0:32:33.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Modern firepower took its devastating toll.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:34.22,0:32:42.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(drumbeat)
Dialogue: 0,0:32:42.67,0:32:48.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(music, shouting)
Dialogue: 0,0:32:48.88,0:32:51.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Determined to break Zulu power\Nonce and for all,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:51.73,0:32:53.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,another British invasion force,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:53.65,0:32:56.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,equipped with field artillery and the new
Dialogue: 0,0:32:56.30,0:32:58.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rapid-firing Gatling guns,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:58.63,0:33:02.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,advanced on the king's capital at Ulundi.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:02.41,0:33:04.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here they found the Zulu army,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:04.31,0:33:07.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what followed was a massacre, \Nrather than a battle.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:07.84,0:33:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some 1500 Zulu warriors died in fruitless\Ncharges on the guns.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:12.40,0:33:16.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,British casualties were put at 12.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:16.50,0:33:20.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was the end of the independent Zulu nation.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:20.65,0:33:31.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(music, drumbeat)
Dialogue: 0,0:33:31.12,0:33:33.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A billionaire by this time, Rhodes now
Dialogue: 0,0:33:33.06,0:33:35.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unfolded his plan for British rule
Dialogue: 0,0:33:35.34,0:33:39.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from Cairo to Capetown.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:43.100,0:33:45.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His immediate ambition was fixed on the
Dialogue: 0,0:33:45.90,0:33:49.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,upland country to the north\Nof the Limpopo River.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:49.10,0:33:51.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here in this broad plateau with its\Npleasant climate,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:51.64,0:33:54.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was abundant land for cattle,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:54.36,0:33:56.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and beneath it the promise of still more
Dialogue: 0,0:33:56.34,0:33:59.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mineral wealth, especially gold.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:03.24,0:34:06.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He faced one great obstacle:
Dialogue: 0,0:34:06.05,0:34:07.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,60 years earlier, a branch of the Zulu
Dialogue: 0,0:34:07.93,0:34:10.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,known as the Matabele, had broken away,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:10.36,0:34:13.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trekked north, and built\Na strong military kingdom
Dialogue: 0,0:34:13.36,0:34:15.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the lands that Rhodes now meant to seize
Dialogue: 0,0:34:15.84,0:34:18.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for white settlement.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:18.75,0:34:23.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The African bush has long since moved in\Nand taken over,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:23.44,0:34:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but this deserted spot, \Na hundred years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:26.00,0:34:29.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was the living heart of Matabele power
Dialogue: 0,0:34:29.60,0:34:34.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the seat of government of its king.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:35.05,0:34:38.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,King Lobengula was only the second ruler\Nof the Matabele.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:38.68,0:34:43.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was destined to be the last.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:45.04,0:34:48.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,True to their Zulu tradition, his men\Nlived by the spear,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:48.86,0:34:51.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,raiding their neighbours, the Shona people,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:51.11,0:34:53.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for cattle and women.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:53.52,0:34:56.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This, they believed, was their land\Nby right and title,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:56.67,0:34:59.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but now, in a series of deceptions,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:59.10,0:35:00.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rhodes and his cronies proceeded to
Dialogue: 0,0:35:00.88,0:35:03.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dispossess the Matabele of their land,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:03.67,0:35:07.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their cattle and their independence.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:07.55,0:35:10.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One day, King Lobengula told a story
Dialogue: 0,0:35:10.38,0:35:12.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to a white visitor to his court.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:12.95,0:35:17.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He said to him, "Have you ever watched\Na chameleon and a fly?
Dialogue: 0,0:35:17.40,0:35:20.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The chameleon gets behind the fly and gently
Dialogue: 0,0:35:20.04,0:35:23.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,puts one foot forward, then another,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:23.05,0:35:26.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when he's close enough he darts\Nhis tongue,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:26.10,0:35:28.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the fly disappears.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:28.60,0:35:33.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I am that fly," said Lobengula, "and you\Nare the chameleon."
Dialogue: 0,0:35:38.20,0:35:41.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the outskirts of his royal kraal,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:41.02,0:35:42.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lobengula had allowed a few white
Dialogue: 0,0:35:42.68,0:35:47.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,missionaries to establish themselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:53.38,0:35:55.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is all that remains of a settlement
Dialogue: 0,0:35:55.48,0:35:58.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,run by Jesuits, whose celibate way of life
Dialogue: 0,0:35:58.76,0:36:03.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had no appeal to the Matabele.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:06.63,0:36:09.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But other missionaries, Protestants\Nof various denominations
Dialogue: 0,0:36:09.94,0:36:12.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(because, of course, the many schisms of\Nthe Christian faith
Dialogue: 0,0:36:12.84,0:36:15.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were also imported with the missionaries)
Dialogue: 0,0:36:15.54,0:36:18.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,did begin to acquire some influence.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:18.17,0:36:20.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But not without misunderstandings,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:20.27,0:36:24.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as this old man, now well over 100,\Nremembers.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:55.33,0:36:58.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(narrator)\NNot far from the capital, across a small river,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:58.20,0:37:02.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was the Anglican mission of Hope Fountain.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:05.13,0:37:06.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The early missionaries were caught,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:06.98,0:37:11.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,almost at once, in an unavoidable dilemma:
Dialogue: 0,0:37:11.25,0:37:13.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to whom was their first loyalty:
Dialogue: 0,0:37:13.100,0:37:17.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the Africans, who trusted them\Nand whose guests they were,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:17.95,0:37:20.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or to their own kith and kin?
Dialogue: 0,0:37:20.75,0:37:23.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Reverend Charles Helm, who lived\Nin this place,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:23.92,0:37:28.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,made in the end a crucial choice:
Dialogue: 0,0:37:28.21,0:37:31.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was Lobengula's trusted white friend,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:31.46,0:37:36.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but secretly at the same time, he began\Nto work for Rhodes.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:36.93,0:37:41.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The fact was, that these missionaries \Nsoon became convinced,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:41.59,0:37:45.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and no doubt rightly,\Nand as their records show,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:45.44,0:37:47.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that if they were going to convert
Dialogue: 0,0:37:47.21,0:37:49.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a sizable number of Matabele,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:49.74,0:37:52.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the king's power must be destroyed,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:52.59,0:37:56.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Matabele culture \Nand independence undermined.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:56.57,0:38:02.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Rhodes, they saw, was the man\Nto do both.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:03.56,0:38:07.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Step by step, Lobengula's power was eroded.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:07.96,0:38:10.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He appealed to Queen Victoria.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:10.40,0:38:12.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was advised to sign treaties.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:12.96,0:38:15.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some of those who advised him to \Nsign the treaties
Dialogue: 0,0:38:15.42,0:38:17.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had come in peace and trust,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:17.55,0:38:21.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they still deceived him.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:22.52,0:38:25.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Reverend Helm lies buried here.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:25.87,0:38:27.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On his tomb, his fellow missionaries
Dialogue: 0,0:38:27.94,0:38:33.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,felt able to inscribe the words,\N"Friend of the Matabele."
Dialogue: 0,0:38:35.58,0:38:40.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Was he their friend, or from within\Nthe certainties of his own belief,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:40.24,0:38:44.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,did he connive in their betrayal?
Dialogue: 0,0:38:47.87,0:38:52.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By 1890, Rhodes and his men \Nwere ready to move.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:52.57,0:38:53.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are scenes from the feature film
Dialogue: 0,0:38:53.98,0:38:57.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Rhodes of Africa," about the famous\NPioneer Column.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:57.32,0:39:00.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They show it in terms of the glorious legend
Dialogue: 0,0:39:00.06,0:39:03.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was to become for the white settlers\Nwho followed,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:03.10,0:39:05.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,almost a justification in itself for their
Dialogue: 0,0:39:05.85,0:39:09.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right to the land they were about to seize.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:09.95,0:39:16.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(music)
Dialogue: 0,0:39:16.57,0:39:19.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lobengula had 16,000 warriors\Neager to attack,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:19.78,0:39:23.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but fearing defeat, he held them back.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:26.94,0:39:31.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The column headed north, avoiding direct\Ncontact with the Matabele,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:31.07,0:39:33.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and passing unopposed through the country
Dialogue: 0,0:39:33.36,0:39:37.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the less warlike Shona.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:39.08,0:39:43.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Each man had been promised 15\Ngold prospecting claims,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:43.18,0:39:45.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a 3000-acre farm.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:45.97,0:39:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A contemporary described them like this:
Dialogue: 0,0:39:49.38,0:39:52.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(male voice)\N"Such a mixed lot I never saw in my life,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:52.05,0:39:56.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all sorts and conditions from the aristocrat\Ndown to the street Arab,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:56.76,0:40:02.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,peers and waifs of humanity mingling \Ntogether like a hotchpotch."
Dialogue: 0,0:40:02.12,0:40:04.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(narrator)\NSome of the pioneers came, in fact,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:04.31,0:40:08.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the leading families of Cape Colony.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:08.12,0:40:10.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If the expedition met with defeat,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:10.06,0:40:12.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rhodes knew that their influential fathers
Dialogue: 0,0:40:12.68,0:40:18.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would press the British government\Nfor military assistance.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:18.82,0:40:26.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(splashing, creaking wood)
Dialogue: 0,0:40:26.27,0:40:37.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(dramatic music)
Dialogue: 0,0:40:37.65,0:40:39.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An unknown photographer captured the moment
Dialogue: 0,0:40:39.46,0:40:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when the Union Jack was raised over \NFort Salisbury,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:42.98,0:40:49.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fulfilling Rhodes's dream\N"that this earth shall be English."
Dialogue: 0,0:40:49.80,0:40:55.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The moment became part of the myth.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:03.84,0:41:06.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Established here, for no particular reason\Nof geography,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:06.84,0:41:09.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fort Salisbury duly became the modern
Dialogue: 0,0:41:09.07,0:41:14.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,city of Salisbury, now renamed Harare.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:20.04,0:41:22.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Elsewhere on the continent, towns can be
Dialogue: 0,0:41:22.44,0:41:24.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unmistakably African in their flavor
Dialogue: 0,0:41:24.76,0:41:28.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and their style of life, \Nbut not this one.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:28.87,0:41:32.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In just on 60 years, they turned it into
Dialogue: 0,0:41:32.06,0:41:35.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the very model of a white man's city.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:35.51,0:41:37.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And just over there is the flagstaff
Dialogue: 0,0:41:37.77,0:41:44.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that commemorates the place where\Nall that began.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:56.34,0:41:59.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Amazingly enough, it's still here,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:59.10,0:42:00.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for this is what it says:
Dialogue: 0,0:42:00.88,0:42:02.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To the Pioneer Corps specially recruited
Dialogue: 0,0:42:02.84,0:42:07.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to become the first {\i1}civil{\i0} population\Nof Mashonaland.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:07.57,0:42:10.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But who were more civil? The black people,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:10.06,0:42:12.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who had long dwelt in Mashonaland,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:12.27,0:42:14.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and made it fruitful, or the white people
Dialogue: 0,0:42:14.72,0:42:19.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who came here and took it from them\Nby deceit and violence?
Dialogue: 0,0:42:19.25,0:42:23.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe that sounds a harsh question now,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:23.40,0:42:27.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and yet the dispossession of the Shona \Nwas also harsh.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:28.93,0:42:32.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}They{\i0} had settled the land, \Ncenturies earlier,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:32.10,0:42:35.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mastered and tamed it, and now with this,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:35.86,0:42:41.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they had altogether lost their birthright.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:41.31,0:42:44.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Among those who had traveled up\Nwith the pioneers
Dialogue: 0,0:42:44.03,0:42:49.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was Rhodes's close friend and instrument,\NDr. Starr Jameson.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:49.17,0:42:54.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rhodes now chose him to administer this\Nnewly won territory.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:54.59,0:43:00.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(singing)
Dialogue: 0,0:43:00.77,0:43:05.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To the southwest, there still remained\Nthe undefeated Matabele.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:05.12,0:43:12.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1892, Jameson decided that\Nthe time had come to finish with them.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:14.23,0:43:16.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A pretext was easily found:
Dialogue: 0,0:43:16.98,0:43:18.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,although the Shona people were now
Dialogue: 0,0:43:18.77,0:43:21.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,supposed to be under white protection,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:21.15,0:43:25.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were still the target of sporadic\NMatabele raids.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:25.45,0:43:28.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A dispute over cattle quickly produced
Dialogue: 0,0:43:28.41,0:43:33.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the war that Jameson needed.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:34.92,0:43:37.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In traditional style, the Matabele
Dialogue: 0,0:43:37.18,0:43:40.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,regiments prepared to fight for\Ntheir capital, Bulawayo,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:40.45,0:43:45.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,against Jameson's advancing troops.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:45.06,0:43:51.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(singing)
Dialogue: 0,0:43:56.50,0:44:00.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No amount of Matabele courage\Ncould matter now.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:00.37,0:44:03.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As an English poet wrote in bitter satire,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:03.24,0:44:10.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Whatever happens, we have got\Nthe Maxim gun, and they have not."
Dialogue: 0,0:44:10.32,0:44:19.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(shouting)
Dialogue: 0,0:44:27.69,0:44:36.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(heavy gunfire)
Dialogue: 0,0:44:37.96,0:44:41.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After defeat came dispossession.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:41.07,0:44:43.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nearly all of Matabele farming land
Dialogue: 0,0:44:43.19,0:44:46.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and most of the 250,000 Matabele cattle
Dialogue: 0,0:44:46.77,0:44:50.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were confiscated by Rhodes's \NBritish South Africa Company,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:50.83,0:44:52.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or by individual settlers.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:52.90,0:44:56.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The structure of Matabele life was shattered.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:56.98,0:44:58.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,London Missionary Society wrote,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:58.74,0:45:01.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Congratulate Rhodes. As missionaries,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:01.42,0:45:03.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have little to bind our sympathies
Dialogue: 0,0:45:03.26,0:45:05.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the Matabele, neither can we pity
Dialogue: 0,0:45:05.71,0:45:10.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the downfall of their power."
Dialogue: 0,0:45:11.16,0:45:13.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lobengula is said to have told\Nhis followers
Dialogue: 0,0:45:13.35,0:45:15.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that rather than have a single\Nbone of his body
Dialogue: 0,0:45:15.96,0:45:18.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,touched by a white man, he would disappear,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:18.91,0:45:21.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like a needle in the grass.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:21.20,0:45:23.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And disappear he did, \Nwhile some of his warriors
Dialogue: 0,0:45:23.17,0:45:26.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tried vainly to find a new homeland
Dialogue: 0,0:45:26.57,0:45:31.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,northward across the Zambezi.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:34.90,0:45:38.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(female voice over loudspeaker)\NGood evening ladies and gentlemen.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:38.03,0:45:40.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Welcome on board our cruise,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:40.25,0:45:43.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[name unclear]
Dialogue: 0,0:45:43.26,0:45:45.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,... word meaning The Water That Rises.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:45.15,0:45:50.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My name is Phoebe, and [name unclear]\Nis in command this evening.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:50.68,0:45:57.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All drinks served on board are included\Nin the tour price.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:57.01,0:45:59.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(narrator)\NBefore long, white settlers too began to
Dialogue: 0,0:45:59.41,0:46:02.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,push northward over this great waterway,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:02.44,0:46:03.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where a generation earlier,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:03.99,0:46:07.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,David Livingstone had wandered alone.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:07.75,0:46:09.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To Rhodes would fall the unique distinction
Dialogue: 0,0:46:09.70,0:46:16.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of having not one, but two \NAfrican colonies bearing his name.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:16.02,0:46:18.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(loudspeaker)\NThe [unclear] that we are now on
Dialogue: 0,0:46:18.40,0:46:21.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the deepest and the narrowest part\Nof the Zambezi,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:21.32,0:46:24.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it was here where the pioneers
Dialogue: 0,0:46:24.19,0:46:27.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,chose to cross it in 1889.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:27.06,0:46:31.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They floated their wagons using balsa wood
Dialogue: 0,0:46:31.25,0:46:35.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and [unclear].\NBeing so close to the river,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:35.49,0:46:39.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they [unclear]
Dialogue: 0,0:46:39.10,0:46:42.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,became ill and often died from malaria
Dialogue: 0,0:46:42.22,0:46:46.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and blackwater fever.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:46.52,0:46:49.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(narrator)\NLivingstone had died exactly 20 years earlier
Dialogue: 0,0:46:49.36,0:46:53.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and now the way was open for Christianity\Nand commerce,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:53.37,0:46:56.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here in these lands where Livingstone\Nhad found, as he said,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:56.34,0:46:59.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perfect security for life and property,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:59.53,0:47:05.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but where, for Africans,\Nthere was no longer any such thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:10.85,0:47:14.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But African resistance was not yet over.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:14.04,0:47:17.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1896, just three years later, surviving
Dialogue: 0,0:47:17.32,0:47:20.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Matabele regiments of about 14,000 men,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:20.62,0:47:22.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some now armed with rifles,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:22.100,0:47:25.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rose in furious revolt.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:25.49,0:47:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They swept down on isolated\Nwhite settlements
Dialogue: 0,0:47:28.00,0:47:32.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and slaughtered more than 100 farmers.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:33.53,0:47:36.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Caught unprepared, the bulk of the settlers
Dialogue: 0,0:47:36.25,0:47:42.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,made a defensive laager at their\Nnew capital of Bulawayo.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:42.54,0:47:45.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(sounds of battle)
Dialogue: 0,0:47:45.74,0:47:48.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then the Shona people, infuriated\Nby taxation
Dialogue: 0,0:47:48.38,0:47:53.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and forced labor on white farms,\Nrose in their turn.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:53.25,0:47:55.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Led by the priests of their religion,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:55.09,0:47:57.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the spirit mediums Nehanda and Kaguvi,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:57.48,0:48:01.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they fought a stubborn guerrilla war\Nfor many months.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:01.80,0:48:06.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was not until 1897 that both risings\Nwere finally overcome.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:06.76,0:48:12.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(gunfire, shouting)
Dialogue: 0,0:48:41.32,0:48:43.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(narrator)\NThe settler forces had suffered
Dialogue: 0,0:48:43.30,0:48:45.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,considerable losses in the fighting.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:45.77,0:48:48.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Their mood was not merciful.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:51.20,0:48:54.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So-called rebels were hunted down,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:54.32,0:48:59.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when taken prisoner, treated\Nas dangerous criminals.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:02.65,0:49:06.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Chained together, they were brought\Nbefore summary courts,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:06.48,0:49:12.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not infrequently hanged\Nfrom the nearest tree.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:12.68,0:49:19.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(drum)
Dialogue: 0,0:49:19.87,0:49:24.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Captured at last, Nehanda and Kaguvi \Nwere also hanged.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:24.91,0:49:29.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Such were the foundations on which\NCecil Rhodes built his empire.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:29.62,0:49:32.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Having thrust aside anyone who\Nstood in his way,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:32.63,0:49:35.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rhodes spent little time in the country\Nhe had formed.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:35.87,0:49:38.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was the hut he used as an office.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:38.36,0:49:41.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Close by, the colonial government's\Nstate house
Dialogue: 0,0:49:41.08,0:49:43.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was built directly on the site of
Dialogue: 0,0:49:43.90,0:49:47.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,King Lobengula's old headquarters.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:52.23,0:49:56.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At his death in Capetown in 1902,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:56.38,0:49:58.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rhodes's body lay in state,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:58.90,0:50:01.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and was then taken to Bulawayo,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:01.66,0:50:08.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where it was carried in procession \Nthrough the streets.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:08.21,0:50:10.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the Matobo Hills, south of the city,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:10.29,0:50:12.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rhodes had a summerhouse built,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:12.22,0:50:14.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where he liked to sit in the evening
Dialogue: 0,0:50:14.47,0:50:17.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and watch the sun go down over\Nthat old Africa
Dialogue: 0,0:50:17.19,0:50:24.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into whose history he had broken \Nwith such explosive force.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:25.36,0:50:27.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here the coffin was placed overnight,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:27.70,0:50:33.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,before being carried up into the hills\Nfor burial.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:33.03,0:50:35.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(music)
Dialogue: 0,0:50:35.80,0:50:38.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thousands of Europeans had gathered
Dialogue: 0,0:50:38.19,0:50:41.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the spot called World's View.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:41.08,0:50:43.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rhodes had come here in the past,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:43.40,0:50:50.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and had chosen it\Nas his final resting place.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:54.96,0:51:02.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(African choir singing)
Dialogue: 0,0:51:27.79,0:51:30.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here he lies, in the heart of the \Ncountry that he conquered,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:30.98,0:51:33.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but are we to see this grave
Dialogue: 0,0:51:33.66,0:51:37.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the final act of taking possession,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:37.54,0:51:41.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or the ultimate insult to the people\Nhe dispossessed?
Dialogue: 0,0:51:41.08,0:51:44.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rhodes has evoked conflicting judgements.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:44.48,0:51:46.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For the world of wealth, he was and is
Dialogue: 0,0:51:46.87,0:51:48.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the mighty empire builder,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:48.85,0:51:50.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the benevolent millionaire,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:50.69,0:51:52.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the hero of money.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:52.43,0:51:53.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For the world of poverty,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:53.82,0:51:56.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he remains a plunderer and a pirate,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:56.47,0:51:58.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the robber baron who took with both hands
Dialogue: 0,0:51:58.54,0:52:01.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what did not belong to him.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:01.66,0:52:05.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rhodes and his men brought material progress
Dialogue: 0,0:52:05.08,0:52:08.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and 19th-century Africa certainly\Nneeded progress,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:08.79,0:52:10.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they brought it in such a way
Dialogue: 0,0:52:10.95,0:52:14.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that Africans could not share in it.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:14.68,0:52:17.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They deprived Africans\Nof that very condition,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:17.68,0:52:23.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,freedom, that enables mankind to move\Nforward and develop.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:23.53,0:52:27.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the great mission of the Bible\Nand the gun
Dialogue: 0,0:52:27.07,0:52:30.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ended by completely contradicting itself,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:30.82,0:52:33.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by producing an African servitude,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:33.46,0:52:35.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which the visions and the dreams
Dialogue: 0,0:52:35.73,0:52:37.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of men such as Livingstone
Dialogue: 0,0:52:37.56,0:52:45.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were bound to be denied and set at naught.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:54.27,0:53:02.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(music)
Dialogue: 0,0:53:13.86,0:53:18.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♪ Africa ♪