[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.48,0:00:03.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I graduated from university,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.68,0:00:06.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I didn't know what career\NI wanted to choose.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.87,0:00:09.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had a lot of interests,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.04,0:00:12.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but which interest should I pursue\Nand try and turn into a job?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.17,0:00:17.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, back then, I was really\Ninterested in martial arts.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.17,0:00:18.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's me.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.78,0:00:21.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I didn't want\Nto turn that into a career.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.55,0:00:23.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's my face.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.03,0:00:24.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.71,0:00:28.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was really interested in,\Nand I was studying philosophy,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.46,0:00:31.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but one of the philosophers\NI most enjoyed reading -
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.14,0:00:32.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,late at night, in my dorm room -
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.90,0:00:34.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recently said,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.38,0:00:37.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Philosophy is a bunch of empty ideas,"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.36,0:00:40.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there's no job in philosophy, anyway.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.07,0:00:41.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that was out.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.84,0:00:43.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Being a slightly weird kid,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.80,0:00:46.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was really interested\Nin investing and finance,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.94,0:00:50.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I had even taken\Na portion of the small savings I had,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.49,0:00:53.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and invested them into gold\Nwhen I was a teenager.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.72,0:00:58.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I knew that following the finance root\Nwould be a really well-paid career,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.41,0:01:00.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I was wondering, like,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.01,0:01:02.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe I wouldn't make\Nas much difference as I could in that,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.83,0:01:04.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it wouldn't help society,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.37,0:01:07.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so in the end, it wouldn't\Nreally be that fulfilling.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.36,0:01:10.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was left with the question,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.35,0:01:12.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"How could I choose a fulfilling career?"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.73,0:01:16.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, maybe many of you\Nhave asked yourself the same question.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.18,0:01:17.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I thought about this question,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.87,0:01:20.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I realized I didn't even know\Nhow to go about choosing a career,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.87,0:01:24.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I, you know, read books,\NI went to careers advisors,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.14,0:01:27.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I just couldn't really find\Nthe information I really needed:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.64,0:01:29.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what would I be good at in the end?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.71,0:01:31.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What skills should I learn now?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.48,0:01:35.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which areas is there a great social need\Nwhere I can make a difference?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.46,0:01:38.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These unanswered questions led me to,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.75,0:01:41.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kind of, delay the decision\Nby a few years.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.24,0:01:43.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead of actually settling on a career,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.35,0:01:46.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I founded an organization\Ndedicated to researching the question
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.72,0:01:48.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of which career to choose.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.47,0:01:51.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this organization\Nis called "80000hours,"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.95,0:01:54.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's the number of hours you have\Nin your working life,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.80,0:01:56.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's a long time,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.11,0:01:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so, it's worth really\Ndoing some serious research,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.00,0:02:01.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and try to work out how best to use them.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.65,0:02:03.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We help you do some of this research,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.56,0:02:05.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we publish all of our findings;
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.23,0:02:09.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's part of a free online careers guide:\N80000hours.org.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.39,0:02:11.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's some of the team today,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.23,0:02:14.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,surrounded by laptops\Nand whiteboards, as normal.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.43,0:02:20.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, you might at this point\Nbe thinking to yourself,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.93,0:02:24.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Well, you hardly look like\Nyou're above the legal age to drink,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.65,0:02:28.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what could you tell me\Nabout choosing a career?"
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.67,0:02:31.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, it's true that one\Nof the main things we discovered
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.80,0:02:34.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that we have a lot to learn.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.66,0:02:38.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Choosing a career is a complex problem\Nand not enough serious research
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.46,0:02:41.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has been done into how best to do it.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.13,0:02:43.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we have spent the last three years
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.12,0:02:46.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doing research with academics\Nof University of Oxford,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.61,0:02:47.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and most importantly,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.68,0:02:51.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've coached hundreds of people\Non how to make real career decisions.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.22,0:02:55.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All this research and thinking\Nhas led us to the conclusion
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.28,0:02:59.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that careers advice today\Nfocuses on the wrong thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.35,0:03:02.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Throughout most of history
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.79,0:03:05.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people basically did\Nwhat their parents did.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.97,0:03:09.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some people in the 1980s thought,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.22,0:03:10.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"The greed is good,"
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.50,0:03:12.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they focused on making money.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.88,0:03:15.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But our generation grew up\Nwith some different careers advice,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.99,0:03:19.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's that you should\Nfollow your passion.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.51,0:03:21.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can see that use of this phrase
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.52,0:03:24.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,increased dramatically\Nfrom the mid-nineties.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.66,0:03:28.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But today I think need to move\Nbeyond "Follow your passion,"
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.92,0:03:31.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the career advice to focus on,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.58,0:03:35.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and instead of asking\Nwhat our own interests and passions are,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.31,0:03:37.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we should be focusing much more
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.25,0:03:40.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on what we can do for other people,\Nand to make the world a better place.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.01,0:03:44.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ok, so let's go back to my decision,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.46,0:03:47.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how would "follow your passion"\Napply to me?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.10,0:03:50.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think what "Follow your passion"\Ntells you to do is three things:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.80,0:03:54.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the first is to identify\Nyour greatest interests;
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.53,0:03:58.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,second, find careers\Nthat match those interests;
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.62,0:04:01.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thirdly, pursue those careers,\Nno matter what.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.60,0:04:02.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Finding a fulfilling career
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.91,0:04:06.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is just a matter of having the courage\Nto pursue your passion.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.51,0:04:08.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In my case,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.66,0:04:11.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was interested in martial arts\Nand philosophy, remember?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.71,0:04:14.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, which career should I pick?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.32,0:04:15.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Any ideas?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.04,0:04:20.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I should obviously become a Shaolin monk -
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.45,0:04:23.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Buddhism and martial arts, together.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.22,0:04:28.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What's the theory behind this advice?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.13,0:04:29.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You get passion match,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.70,0:04:32.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then you really enjoy your work,\Nyou're really motivated,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.42,0:04:34.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you're more likely to be successful,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.64,0:04:37.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if you are successful\Ndoing something you're passionate about,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.82,0:04:40.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then you have a fulfilling career.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.54,0:04:42.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, spelled out like that,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.31,0:04:45.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this really does sound\Nlike pretty reasonable advice, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.51,0:04:49.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can maybe get behind that.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.34,0:04:52.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But let's just think about it\Nin a bit more depth.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.47,0:04:58.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Turns out if you follow your passion,\Nyou're probably going to fail.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.17,0:05:00.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why do I say that?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.52,0:05:02.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's look at the data.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.18,0:05:07.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A survey of 500 Canadian students\Nfound that their greatest passions
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.14,0:05:09.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were ice-hockey and dance.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.18,0:05:12.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ninety percent of them were passionate\N
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.42,0:05:15.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about sports, arts,\Nmusic, something like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.63,0:05:19.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if we look at census data we can see
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.45,0:05:23.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that only three percent of jobs\Nare in art, sport, and music.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.88,0:05:25.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it just has to be the case
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.34,0:05:28.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that even if only one in ten people\Nfollowed their passion,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.86,0:05:32.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,still, the majority would\Nfail to be successful.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.96,0:05:35.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this first step just doesn't work.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.96,0:05:39.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think the second step\Nis also not reliable.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.84,0:05:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In that, even if you match\Nyour passion with your work,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.00,0:05:45.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you're successful,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.26,0:05:48.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can stlll quite easily fail\Nto have a fulfilling career,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.86,0:05:52.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's because you might not\Nfind the work meaningful.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.27,0:05:54.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was a bit like me\Ndeciding not to go into finance,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.87,0:05:56.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I thought, well, I was interested in it,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.81,0:05:59.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe I could be successful\Nbut I wouldn't make a difference,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.76,0:06:02.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe it would still end up\Nnot being fulfilling,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.06,0:06:05.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so I think the second step\Ndoesn't work either.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.67,0:06:08.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, at this point you might be thinking,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.85,0:06:11.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Sure, passion\Nisn't the only thing that matters,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.78,0:06:15.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if I follow my passion,\Nit doesn't guarantee that I'll succeed,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.58,0:06:19.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but maybe at least makes me\Nmore likely to succeed,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.30,0:06:20.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to have a fulfilling career."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.92,0:06:23.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As a career advice,\Nthis is the best we can do.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.26,0:06:26.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I think that is wrong as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.80,0:06:31.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Picture to yourself now,\Nthe most assertive person you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.50,0:06:34.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who' s really passionate\Nabout selling and persuading,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.32,0:06:36.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they're really extroverted.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.79,0:06:38.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Surely someone like that should go
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.47,0:06:43.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and become an advertising\Naccounts manager, like in Mad Men,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.70,0:06:46.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or they should become a car salesman,\Nor something like that,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.57,0:06:50.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something which involves selling,\Nbeing extroverted, and talking to people.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.86,0:06:53.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, it turns out that would\Nbe a really bad decision:
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.84,0:06:55.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,analysis of a determined study showed
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.84,0:07:00.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that really passionate sales people\Nreally persuasive, assertive types
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.20,0:07:02.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who went into those kinds of sales jobs
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.72,0:07:06.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually ended up more likely\Nto burn out and in fact died younger
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.82,0:07:09.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than normal people who take those jobs.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.92,0:07:12.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Following their passion\Nactually made them more likely to die.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.99,0:07:14.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.44,0:07:19.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And more generally, researchers have tried\Nto show for decades
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.80,0:07:23.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that there's a strong relationship\Nbetween interest match
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.85,0:07:28.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how successful and happy\Npeople end up in their work,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.48,0:07:31.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but so far, they failed to show\Na strong connection between the two.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.80,0:07:36.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think this isn't because your interests\Njust don't matter,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.28,0:07:38.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's just that when it comes\Nto real career decisions,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.100,0:07:41.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your interests are just not\Na decisive factor,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.66,0:07:43.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other things matter much more,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.12,0:07:45.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like what your skills are,\Nand what your mindset is.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.76,0:07:50.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Indeed, we think our interests matter\Na lot more than they do,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.67,0:07:53.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we really underestimate\Nhow much they change:
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.91,0:07:59.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just think about your own interests\Nfive or ten years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.02,0:08:00.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how different they are from today.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.84,0:08:03.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, back then,\Nyou're probably this tall,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.60,0:08:06.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you're probably interested\Nin completely different things.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.53,0:08:08.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Five or ten years time,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.06,0:08:11.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you will be interested\Nin totally different things again.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.27,0:08:15.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All this means that your present interests
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.33,0:08:18.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are just not a solid basis\Non which to chose a career.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.83,0:08:23.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if we're not going to focus\Non interests,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.33,0:08:25.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what should we focus on?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.21,0:08:27.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you're not just going\Nto follow your passion,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.45,0:08:29.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what should you do instead?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.32,0:08:32.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I had to sum up careers advice\Nas a single slogan,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.76,0:08:36.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here's what I would choose:\N"Do what's valuable."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.66,0:08:40.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By this I mean
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.40,0:08:44.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,focus on getting good at something\Nthat genuinely helps others,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.20,0:08:46.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and makes the world a better place.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.53,0:08:49.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the secret to a fulfilling career.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.25,0:08:56.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, obviously doing what's valuable\Nis going to be better for the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.36,0:08:58.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're going to do more good like that,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.44,0:09:01.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but people have also thought for millennia
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.03,0:09:04.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that helping others is the secret\Nto be personally fulfilled and happy.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.64,0:09:07.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've just got a representative\Ncouple of quotes here
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.15,0:09:08.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just read out the first one:
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.60,0:09:12.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"A man true wealth\Nis the good he does in this world."
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.12,0:09:18.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today we actually\Nhave hard data to back this up.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.35,0:09:23.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Professor of Psychology Martin Seligman\Nin his 2011 book: Flourish,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.68,0:09:27.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,aimed to sum up the last couple of decades\Nof empirical research
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.60,0:09:32.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into what really causes people\Nto be satisfied and happy in their lives.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.13,0:09:34.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And two of the key ingredients\Nhe identifies
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.28,0:09:36.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just are doing what's valuable.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.74,0:09:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first of these is achievement,\Nor sometimes called mastery,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.00,0:09:43.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this means getting really\Ngood at something,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.51,0:09:46.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,working hard and getting good\Nat something.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.38,0:09:49.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second is meaning,\Nalso called purpose,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.47,0:09:53.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this means striving to do something\Ngreater than just make yourself happy,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.22,0:09:55.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it means making\Nthe world a better place.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.45,0:09:56.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Put the two together,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.49,0:09:59.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get good at something\Nit makes the world a better place,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.11,0:10:01.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do what's valuable.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.10,0:10:05.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think, doing what's valuable has\Nlots of other personal benefits as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.48,0:10:06.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For instance,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.49,0:10:11.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even if you work in a charity,\Nthe people who have the greatest impact,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.29,0:10:12.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do the most valuable things,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.71,0:10:16.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,find it easier to raise fundings,\Nand therefore pay their bills,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.27,0:10:18.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's important, too.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.49,0:10:20.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have at least found\Nin my own experience,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.52,0:10:23.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you focus on helping others,\Nthen lots of people want you to succeed,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.92,0:10:26.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it's actually easier\Nto be successful as an altruist
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.98,0:10:29.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,compared to just being in it for yourself.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.97,0:10:34.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, it now turns out that actually\Nthe advice "Follow your passion,"
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.60,0:10:36.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just gets things backwards.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.06,0:10:40.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rather than start from what we happen\Nto be passionate about now
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.64,0:10:43.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then hope that success\Nand a fulfilling career will follow,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.66,0:10:45.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead, it's much more true to say
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.38,0:10:47.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we should focus\Non doing what's valuable,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.56,0:10:51.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then that will lead to passion\Nand a fulfilling career.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.22,0:10:55.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've definitely found this\Nin my own experience.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.79,0:11:00.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If when I was 16,\Nyou had given me this careers test:
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.05,0:11:02.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Would you like to give\Ncareer guidance to people?"
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.44,0:11:04.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd have clicked the "Hate it" button.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.77,0:11:06.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was pretty shy and into science,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.51,0:11:10.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the idea of giving careers advice\Nto people was not appealing at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.05,0:11:13.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But now I spend all of my time\Nthinking about careers advice,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.21,0:11:16.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and am absolutely obsessed\Nand fascinated by it.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.34,0:11:19.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Focusing on doing what's valuable
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.44,0:11:23.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has given me clear, concrete,\Nmeaningful goals,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.16,0:11:25.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's made my life a lot better.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.28,0:11:27.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's no more endless reflection
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.20,0:11:30.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on which of my interests\Nrepresents my true calling,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.32,0:11:32.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which doesn't exist anyway.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.17,0:11:37.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, how can you actually do\Nwhat's valuable in your careers,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.22,0:11:39.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what practical steps should you follow?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:39.90,0:11:41.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what we spend most of our time
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.97,0:11:44.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trying to work out at 80000Hours,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.06,0:11:46.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm just going to give you\Na super-quick summary
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.31,0:11:49.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of three things we'd say that you can do.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:49.37,0:11:52.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first of these is to explore,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.14,0:11:53.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,learn what you can about the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.81,0:11:56.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and test yourself out in different things.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.56,0:11:58.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you want to do what's valuable,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.24,0:12:00.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to discover that\Nout there in the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.80,0:12:04.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can't figure it out just by thinking\Nabout your own interests.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.43,0:12:10.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Secondly, go after some skills,\Nand try and get good at them,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.02,0:12:12.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these are skills\Nthat are really in demand,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.06,0:12:14.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and can be used in many different areas.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.72,0:12:19.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I might pick computer programming\Nas an example for the next decade.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:19.77,0:12:22.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This bit is where your passions\Ndo come in,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.30,0:12:24.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thinking about your passions does come in.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:24.76,0:12:26.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because what you're passionate about now
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.73,0:12:30.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can give you clues about what you can get\Nreally good at in the future,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:30.46,0:12:32.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that's worth thinking about,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:32.04,0:12:34.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they're not\Nthe only thing that matters.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.75,0:12:36.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then when you get those skills,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:36.75,0:12:40.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,go and find the biggest, \Nmost pressing social problems you can,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.07,0:12:43.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and apply your skills to solving them.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:43.09,0:12:45.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't just pick a problem\Nthat is important,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.54,0:12:50.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,try and find one that's been unfairly\Nneglected by other people,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.10,0:12:52.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because that's where you'll have\Nthe greatest impact.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.72,0:12:56.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And finally, don't think\Nthat in order to do what's valuable,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.63,0:12:59.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to become a doctor,\Nand personally go to Africa,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.97,0:13:02.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and help people with your own two hands.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:02.59,0:13:04.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Big social problems can be,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.48,0:13:09.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and often are solved by research,\Nby developing new technology,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:09.71,0:13:12.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by spreading big ideas in the arts.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.52,0:13:15.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The key is to work out
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.14,0:13:18.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where your skills can fit in\Nto have the greatest impact.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.41,0:13:23.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think the idea that we should\Nfocus on doing what's valuable
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.52,0:13:26.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is actually really intuitive one.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.03,0:13:28.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want you now to imagine\Nthat you are on your deathbed,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.85,0:13:32.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you are looking back\Nat your 80,000 hours career,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.60,0:13:34.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than just about to start it,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:34.74,0:13:38.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and picture to yourselves two ways,\Nyou could have gone.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:38.76,0:13:40.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the first you say to yourself,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:41.90,0:13:45.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I was good at what I did,\NI enjoyed what I did,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.04,0:13:49.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I made lot of money,\Nnow I have two houses, and a yacht,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:49.27,0:13:51.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what was it all for? "
Dialogue: 0,0:13:52.12,0:13:54.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the second you say to yourself,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.42,0:13:58.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I absolutely worked my arse off\Nat a charity, and it often wasn't easy,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:58.86,0:14:00.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but through my efforts
Dialogue: 0,0:14:00.14,0:14:04.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was able to prevent the deaths\Nof 100 children due to malaria,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:04.34,0:14:06.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what was it all for?"
Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.25,0:14:09.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first scenario happens all the time,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.52,0:14:12.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the second scenario\Nis almost unimaginable,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.58,0:14:15.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of course, that was a worthwhile career.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:16.22,0:14:19.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Altruism is one thing you'll never regret,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:19.98,0:14:22.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we really want to be fulfilled\Nin our own careers,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:22.82,0:14:25.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have to stop focusing so much\Non our own interests,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.68,0:14:28.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and instead, ask what we can do\Nfor other people.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:28.73,0:14:33.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imagine a world in which\Nthat was the thought on everyone's minds.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:33.100,0:14:38.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, to find a work you love,\Ndon't just follow your passion,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:38.30,0:14:40.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather do what's valuable.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.82,0:14:44.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Explore, build skills, \Nsolve big pressing problems.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:46.16,0:14:47.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And from that,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:47.40,0:14:50.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fulfillment and a passionate\Ncareer will emerge.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:50.97,0:14:53.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You've got 80,000 hours in your career,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:53.35,0:14:55.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't waste them, do what's valuable.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:56.63,0:14:59.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)