WEBVTT

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♪ (music) ♪

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To combat false and misleading information

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it can be useful to recognize 
the different shapes it can take.

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Here are five common forms
of mis- and disinformation

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to look out for.

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FABRICATED

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A story or claim that
is fictional is called fabricated content.

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People can invent stories
for political reasons

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but the most common motive is money.

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A website's owner benefits 
from the advertising that appears

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beside their content.

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The more clicks they get, 
the more money they make.

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IMPOSTER

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Imposter sites try to fool people 
by imitating credible news organizations.

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The URL and logo of a well-known site 
may be changed just a little

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so people believe 
they are looking at the real thing.

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The goal is to mislead people

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into trusting 
and sharing faulty information.

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CLICKBAIT

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A click bait headline is designed
to provoke enough curiosity

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the people can't resist clicking 
to find out more.

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Click bait can spark interest 
by using exaggeration,

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emotional language, 
or creating suspense.

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The reason behind click bait 
is to earn money from ads.

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MANIPULATED

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Manipulated content is real information
that is altered to change its meaning,

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such as a photo or video that is made

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to depict something not shown 
in the original.

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Visuals are immediate and tend to appeal 
more strongly to our emotions than words,

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so it's an easy way 
for misleading information to spread.

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FALSE CONTEXT

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False context is when a real photo 
is paired with an inaccurate story.

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This is one of the most common forms
of mis- and disinformation.

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An unaltered image 
can easily become misleading

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with the addition 
of a false headline or description.

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Knowing the vocabulary 
of information pollution

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is an important step in becoming
skilled information consumers.

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♪ (music) ♪