[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.00,0:10:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our modern life is built on energy
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.00,0:10:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we use it to heat to cool \Nto light up our cities
Dialogue: 0,0:14:56.00,0:01:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can powers are cars \Nand flies are planes.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:42.00,0:04:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It fills our stores and keeps us switched \Non and plugged-in in the
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.00,0:08:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,average home in America in 1980.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.00,0:05:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There were 3 electronic devices.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.00,0:01:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.00,0:01:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are over 25.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:57.00,0:05:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But most of that energy comes \Nfrom burning coal,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.00,0:08:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,oil and gas.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.00,0:16:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't think people understand when \Nthey flipped the light switch
Dialogue: 0,0:16:45.00,0:01:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were that energy comes from.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.00,0:02:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is there a better way.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.00,0:10:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need a miracle in energy technology.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:53.00,0:11:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Around the globe.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.00,0:08:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There was a race on to find a solution.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:38.00,0:12:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tapping the power of the sun this \Ntablespoon of fuel is going to
Dialogue: 0,0:13:22.00,0:07:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,change the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.00,0:12:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to innovate and we need to \Ninnovate faster and in the wake
Dialogue: 0,0:12:39.00,0:09:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Japan's tsunami re-examining nuclear.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.00,0:07:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nuclear keeps looking pretty good,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.00,0:04:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even with the Fukushima might.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.00,0:08:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kent technology help us fuel our future.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:40.00,0:09:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The current problem is actually \Neasily solved.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:24.00,0:17:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And are we ready for it.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.00,0:14:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everybody wants it somewhere other \Nthan their own backyard.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:00.00,0:11:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Guess what.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.00,0:03:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you don't,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.00,0:15:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,solve the problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:22.00,0:12:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your backyard isn't going \Nlook the same anyway.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.00,0:16:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most programs about climate \Nchange start on a noted.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.00,0:14:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With images like this.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.00,0:07:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But this is a program about fixing.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.00,0:09:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it starts in a place where it is \Nhard to imagine that there are
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.00,0:16:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,any problems at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:54.00,0:07:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sir Richard Branson's private \NCaribbean island.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:49.00,0:12:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I first saw it this island.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.00,0:05:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've never seen a more beautiful \Njewel in my life and completely
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.00,0:16:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fell in love with it.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:09.00,0:10:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The challenge was to make sure \Nthat you actually enhance the
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.00,0:12:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,beauty rather than destroy it.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:15.00,0:07:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Branson.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.00,0:04:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The airline mogul has even upgraded \Nhis little Caribbean jewel
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.00,0:04:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with some pretty spectacular flyers.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:23.00,0:12:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,About a hundred years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.00,0:07:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think the last from India got \Neaten so with embarked on a
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.00,0:09:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,program of reintroducing \Nthem to the islands.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.00,0:19:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The thing I think the island is a \Nmore perfect island today than
Dialogue: 0,0:19:04.00,0:15:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was before we arrived and I think \Nyou know that's what we've
Dialogue: 0,0:16:18.00,0:07:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,got to try to do with the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:00.00,0:08:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But fixing the world is an easy \Neven for billionaires in fact
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.00,0:06:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Branson's love of nature has created \Na big personal dilemma.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.00,0:16:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's become super rich well bringing \Nstylish air travel to the
Dialogue: 0,0:16:38.00,0:07:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,masses.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:01.00,0:14:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And yet he is also worried \Nabout climate change.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:26.00,0:05:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those 2 passions are like the oil \Nit takes to run his planes.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.00,0:08:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And water.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.00,0:09:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They do not mix.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:35.00,0:08:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Branson's dilemma while a bit \Nmore high-flying than most.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:00.00,0:07:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is ultimately the same that we all face.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.00,0:09:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How can we get the energy our world \Nneeds in a way that want
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.00,0:16:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,threatening.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:20.00,0:16:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Climate change is one of the \Ngreatest threats relevant.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.00,0:08:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Branson solution is to use \Nhis entrepreneurial must.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:26.00,0:04:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And profits to attack climate change \Nan idea inspired by another
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.00,0:12:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,famous brand Winston Churchill.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:35.00,0:20:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The threat of carbon could be worse \Nthan you know who won World
Dialogue: 0,0:20:09.00,0:20:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,War II pretty careless if that's the case.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:31.00,0:17:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Churchill would get a warm set up \Nhe would rally industry he'd
Dialogue: 0,0:19:17.00,0:13:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rally the troops and try \Nto be carbon the enemy.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.00,0:17:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so we set up the top.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.00,0:15:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Branson is not alone.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.00,0:19:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Right now in laboratories \Naround the globe.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:14.00,0:19:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a race on to find a solution.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:10.00,0:07:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The outcome is uncertain.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:15.00,0:17:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But ultimately,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:06.00,0:17:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the question is can technology \Nsave us from climate change.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:37.00,0:21:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is no better place to start \Nthan deep in this West Virginia
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.00,0:14:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coal mine.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:56.00,0:21:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which generates half of all US electricity \Ntells a story millions
Dialogue: 0,0:21:10.00,0:14:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of years old.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.00,0:07:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,35 million years ago Earth's atmosphere \Nwas awash in carbon
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.00,0:17:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dioxide.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.00,0:19:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But this is what look like.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:55.00,0:20:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.00,0:16:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Alligators and South Dakota.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:18.00,0:08:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Palm trees in the Rocky Mountains.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.00,0:21:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And instead of being covered by ice \Nthey were forecasts in an art
Dialogue: 0,0:21:04.00,0:12:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. Over millions of years those trees \Npulled the carbon out of the
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.00,0:18:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,air to grow and when they died.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:04.00,0:09:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Much of that carbon got \Nburied underground.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:48.00,0:06:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The same process created the coal \Nwe see here in West Virginia.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:23.00,0:20:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cole is up to 86% car.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.00,0:11:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:17.00,0:07:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A gallon of gasoline and other fossil \Nfuel represents 100 tons of
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.00,0:07:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ancient plans.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.00,0:09:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's why gas,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.00,0:16:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coal and oil are called fossil fuels.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.00,0:21:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With the advent of the industrial \Nage that carbon rich coal and
Dialogue: 0,0:22:26.00,0:11:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,oil was dug up and burned as fuel.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:23.00,0:13:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Burning anything releases car.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:37.00,0:14:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But carbon dense coal and \Noil release a lot.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:35.00,0:12:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That carbon long-buried combines \Nwith oxygen in the Earth's
Dialogue: 0,0:12:09.00,0:11:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,atmosphere and acts like a blank.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:55.00,0:08:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This NASA map shows global temperatures \Nrising over the last
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.00,0:12:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,center.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.00,0:18:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No one is sure precisely how much \Nthe temperature will rise or how
Dialogue: 0,0:20:27.00,0:09:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,quickly.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.00,0:16:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the atmosphere carbon predicted \Nfor the end of this century is
Dialogue: 0,0:16:33.00,0:10:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,approaching the level from \N35 million years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:37.00,0:07:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When those alligators \Nswam in South Dakota.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:07.00,0:13:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The task ahead is to cut carbon emissions.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.00,0:13:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that is exactly what Steven put \Ncholera has figured out how to
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.00,0:18:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.00,0:18:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The caller is an environmental biologist \Nat Princeton University
Dialogue: 0,0:17:00.00,0:20:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a serious would worker.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:25.00,0:24:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He has used both skills to demonstrate \Nhow we can solve our carbon
Dialogue: 0,0:24:28.00,0:16:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,problem he calls it the wedge theory.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.00,0:16:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's easy to say all the energy \Nproblem is so big that we can't
Dialogue: 0,0:17:06.00,0:14:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,possibly build enough wind \Nturbines to solve it.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.00,0:11:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can't possibly do enough \Nconservation to solve it.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.00,0:24:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you break the problem \Ninto pieces and say,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:47.00,0:16:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what are the technological \Noptions across the board,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:21.00,0:09:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we have to throw at it.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.00,0:23:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But says the problem can \Nbe easily visualize.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:38.00,0:16:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the amount of emissions \Nthat humanity puts out annually
Dialogue: 0,0:18:51.00,0:08:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,its carbon emissions greenhouse \Ngas emissions,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.00,0:21:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:15.00,0:16:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what happened for the first 10,000 \Nyears since the end of the
Dialogue: 0,0:16:09.00,0:09:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,last Ice Age people admitted almost \Nnothing the Liberal cleared
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.00,0:14:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,albeit associated with funding.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.00,0:22:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then the industrial revolution \Nhappened an emissions started
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.00,0:15:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,increase because of the burning \Nof coal and oil.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:41.00,0:12:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then in the natural gas,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:33.00,0:18:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it increased and increased \Nincreased and they're still
Dialogue: 0,0:18:05.00,0:24:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,increase.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:38.00,0:13:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So instead of allowing them to climb.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:50.00,0:19:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've got a freeze them to this triangle \Nhere is the size of the
Dialogue: 0,0:19:25.00,0:11:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:36.00,0:10:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's the gap between what we were \Ngonna do and what we must do.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:20.00,0:22:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Risks.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:11.00,0:22:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The caller says this triangle \Nrepresents the challenge.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:14.00,0:09:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Asked to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.00,0:13:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is the carbon emissions that \Nwe must somehow keep out of the
Dialogue: 0,0:13:29.00,0:22:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,atmosphere.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:25.00,0:21:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To help make this easier to understand \Nand more fun Ocala decided
Dialogue: 0,0:21:30.00,0:12:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to turn it into a game literally one,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.00,0:15:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Chris.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:24.00,0:13:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At home,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:25.00,0:11:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and my kids were fight an inside-outside \Nand I was like that's
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.00,0:18:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gonna go outside to build something.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:02.00,0:23:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He used his working skills \Nto build the game.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:17.00,0:23:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's how it works.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.00,0:12:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He turn the area that is the \Nproblem into a triangle.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.00,0:19:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This represents the total amount \Nof carbon day we must avoid
Dialogue: 0,0:20:47.00,0:21:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,putting into the atmosphere \Nin the next 50 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:21.00,0:19:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The ideal target is controversial \Nbut Karla calculated it was 7
Dialogue: 0,0:20:56.00,0:23:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,billion tons per year.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:09.00,0:21:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He divided that up into one \Nbillion ton section.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.00,0:21:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He made wooden wedges that represent \Ntechnologies that could fill
Dialogue: 0,0:21:30.00,0:19:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in their Tri hang.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:22.00,0:18:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it is there own technology \Nbig enough to do a 7th of the
Dialogue: 0,0:18:54.00,0:23:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,problem and he has he was \Nhigh on the whole,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:36.00,0:19:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there were 15 already in the marketplace \Nat an industrial scale.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:50.00,0:11:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are not pie in the sky things \Neasy things you can go in
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.00,0:19:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,visit on a field trip.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:26.00,0:13:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most of the 15 wedges can be grouped \Ninto 4 simple categories.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:31.00,0:17:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This green,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:32.00,0:24:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which represents the easiest \Nand cheapest efficiency.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.00,0:25:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like increasing the fuel mileage \Nof all cars from 30 to 60 miles
Dialogue: 0,0:25:00.00,0:16:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,per gallon.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:33.00,0:23:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This yellow which represents tripling \Nthe number of nuclear power
Dialogue: 0,0:24:56.00,0:12:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plants over 50 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:29.00,0:16:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This blue which represents cleaning \Ncoal plants by burying their
Dialogue: 0,0:16:03.00,0:12:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,carbon emissions.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:56.00,0:26:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this red,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:06.00,0:20:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which represents the sun harnessing \Nits power with solar panels or
Dialogue: 0,0:20:41.00,0:16:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wind turbines.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:16.00,0:13:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This thing has 2 different wages \Nper in his Princeton colleague
Dialogue: 0,0:14:10.00,0:18:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Robert cycle though did the complicated \Nanalysis behind this
Dialogue: 0,0:19:13.00,0:22:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,simple game to prove that \Nit could be done.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:28.00,0:26:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The way you play the game to feel \Nthe triangle with 7 of the 15
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.00,0:14:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,available technological wedges and \Ncreate your own solution to the
Dialogue: 0,0:14:36.00,0:26:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,climate crisis.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:48.00,0:22:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some people might use more solar energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:40.00,0:21:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Good evening.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:41.00,0:19:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Others more efficiency savings.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:54.00,0:25:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm got nominate a wedge.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:38.00,0:25:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Efficient and I think efficiency \None wedges modest and self
Dialogue: 0,0:16:01.00,0:22:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,important more of these efficiency wedges.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:54.00,0:25:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The point is that there are \Nmany possible solutions.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:08.00,0:20:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It all depends on our choices.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:06.00,0:26:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Drawing the blueprint for a solution \Nto this problem is deeply
Dialogue: 0,0:26:09.00,0:27:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,challenging to help Nova has assembled \Nthe panel of experts.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:34.00,0:15:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Leaders from business academia \Nand government,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:38.00,0:19:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who are all trying to find solutions.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:50.00,0:15:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And technology said this.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:42.00,0:13:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes you can.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.00,0:14:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it should it must and that's to say,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.00,0:25:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it must save.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:19.00,0:26:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Technology save us from climate change \Nabsolutely very convinced
Dialogue: 0,0:27:42.00,0:18:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that can and in fact beyond that \Nwhat I would says it's an
Dialogue: 0,0:18:56.00,0:15:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,incredible opportunity for us to \Ncreate more kinds of new things,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:11.00,0:22:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:21.00,0:29:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can do things that we \Ncan't dream alive today.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:14.00,0:16:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can envision what it will look \Nlike a hundred years from now.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:20.00,0:23:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think the carbon problem \Nis actually easily solved:
Dialogue: 0,0:23:13.00,0:14:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what's hard is that we need \Nto make a lot of change.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:36.00,0:19:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know we more last halved coming \Nforward at this to recreate a
Dialogue: 0,0:19:31.00,0:19:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,green version of the revolution.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:33.00,0:16:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's taken us under 50 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:25.00,0:24:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are people right now.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:26.00,0:18:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you go to work every day and \Nthey can say to themselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:10.00,0:18:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know if I got lucky.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:01.00,0:22:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today I will arguably saved the \Nworld and become not just the
Dialogue: 0,0:22:57.00,0:19:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,richest person in it.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:19.00,0:19:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the richest person ever.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:02.00,0:21:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Climate change solutions will create \Nmore wealth than any other
Dialogue: 0,0:21:25.00,0:15:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sector over the next decade.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:47.00,0:24:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Richard Branson knows the power \Nof profits to spark innovation.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:42.00,0:16:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So he has started a$25
Dialogue: 0,0:16:54.00,0:29:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,million contest for the best idea \Nto reduce carbon levels.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:48.00,0:16:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is there some way that some of that \Nextra CO2 might be scavenge
Dialogue: 0,0:17:25.00,0:15:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,officially out of the atmosphere.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:03.00,0:19:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the people working to do that \Nand hoping that Branson might
Dialogue: 0,0:19:06.00,0:19:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make his Christmas come a bit early \Nis Klaus if physicist at
Dialogue: 0,0:19:20.00,0:19:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Columbia University.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:13.00,0:14:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wagner's idea is brilliantly simple \Nwhy not develop technologies
Dialogue: 0,0:16:38.00,0:27:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that work just like trees removing \Nthe carbon pollution that our
Dialogue: 0,0:27:21.00,0:21:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cars and Branson's planes make.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:15.00,0:21:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everybody knows it can be done every \Nsubmarine has to pull that
Dialogue: 0,0:23:39.00,0:18:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CO2 out of the people.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:11.00,0:14:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Preterm side.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:53.00,0:21:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Carbon capture is not a new idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:26.00,0:26:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The navy has relied on it for decades \Ndeep underwater submarine
Dialogue: 0,0:29:41.00,0:19:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exhale carbon dioxide with every breath.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:57.00,0:22:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In such a small enclosed space \Nthat CO2 builds up and becomes
Dialogue: 0,0:25:32.00,0:31:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,talks.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:25.00,0:26:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In every submarine CO2 must be \Nremoved from the air for the
Dialogue: 0,0:26:58.00,0:30:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sailors to survive.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:21.00,0:20:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's done with some pretty basic \Nchemistry using a machine
Dialogue: 0,0:20:05.00,0:30:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called a scrap.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:09.00,0:23:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The carbon in a carbon dioxide molecule \Nhas a slightly positive
Dialogue: 0,0:25:02.00,0:17:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,charge.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:36.00,0:16:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If the chemical filter inside the \Nscrub has a special negative
Dialogue: 0,0:16:00.00,0:23:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,charge the carbon dioxide will \Nbe drawn would like a magnet.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:09.00,0:19:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In his lab Wagner found a resin based \Nmaterial that acts just like
Dialogue: 0,0:20:13.00,0:27:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this submarine scrub attracting \Ncarbon dioxide to stick to it.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:30.00,0:26:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The next challenge was how to capture \Ncarbon naturally in the
Dialogue: 0,0:26:13.00,0:25:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,breeze without using energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:35.00,0:31:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:35.00,0:25:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:06.00,0:16:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:57.00,0:28:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wagner experimented with various \Nshapes from Richard flat panels.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:41.00,0:18:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,GE.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:43.00,0:31:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2 material draped like a flag.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:56.00,0:30:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He discovered that cutting the material \Ninto very thin strips.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:50.00,0:31:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And putting them along a liar \Nwould be most effective
Dialogue: 0,0:25:14.00,0:23:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the result a man made carbon collector \Nhighly engineered at one of
Dialogue: 0,0:23:19.00,0:29:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,America's top universities \Nthat looks in the end,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:13.00,0:22:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like a branch of a Christmas tree.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:58.00,0:20:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These 2 branches look very much alike \Nbecause they finally trying
Dialogue: 0,0:20:52.00,0:21:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to do more or less the same thing \Nbut these materials to know
Dialogue: 0,0:22:26.00,0:25:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about a thousand times better at \Ncollecting CO2 from the air,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:30.00,0:27:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then a natural tree.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:44.00,0:16:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wagner's vision is that one day there \Nwould be a fleet of carbon
Dialogue: 0,0:17:18.00,0:31:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,needing vehicles each about the size \Nof an 18-wheeler sucking up
Dialogue: 0,0:31:52.00,0:27:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the unwanted carbon from Richard \NBranson's planes.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:17.00,0:29:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or those New York City Cats.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:23.00,0:29:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our modern world has an insatiable \Nappetite for energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:47.00,0:28:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is tight economic growth \Nand prosperity.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:34.00,0:33:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hardly fossil fuels feed \N85% of that demand.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:38.00,0:20:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fossil fuels are still used and we \Nare taking the CO2 and capture
Dialogue: 0,0:23:13.00,0:23:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it and store it safely and permanently.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:47.00,0:18:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is really critical.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:30.00,0:28:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not just for calls 50% electricity \Ncomes from coal in the US but
Dialogue: 0,0:28:35.00,0:28:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,80% of electricity in China \Ncomes from coal.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:30.00,0:18:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Jim Rogers,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:21.00,0:29:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the CEO of one of America's largest \Nelectric utilities says
Dialogue: 0,0:31:04.00,0:27:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,figuring out how to clean up coal \Nmust be part of the solution.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:28.00,0:26:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The issue for Congress can we clean it up.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:02.00,0:29:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is the technology challenge we have,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:35.00,0:29:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you just can't wake up and \Ntomorrow morning and saying no
Dialogue: 0,0:30:49.00,0:22:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more coal.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:03.00,0:34:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rogers says we need to be finding \Nways to capture and store carbon
Dialogue: 0,0:34:26.00,0:29:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. Like Wagner's doing in his lab.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:59.00,0:29:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But on a very large scale we need \Nto do it with a sense of urgency
Dialogue: 0,0:29:03.00,0:21:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. We're not moving faster.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:53.00,0:25:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The process of capturing carbon \Nin burying it is happening on a
Dialogue: 0,0:25:17.00,0:19:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,massive scale in a place where people \Ndon't take taxis they take.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:56.00,0:20:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Sahara desert.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:48.00,0:28:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Algeria.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:41.00,0:32:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Location so remote and difficult \Nto get through.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:44.00,0:30:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We had to fly there on British \NPetroleum chartered flight.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:15.00,0:24:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Salah was once an important trait \Nlake in the middle of the
Dialogue: 0,0:24:38.00,0:19:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sahara desert.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:31.00,0:31:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It may be an important link \Nto our energy future.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:19.00,0:29:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,North Africa is rich in natural gas.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:52.00,0:33:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At in that gas which might heat your home.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:58.00,0:24:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Comes out of the ground with up \Nto 10% carbon dioxide mixed in.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:13.00,0:23:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in purity that would make your \Nstove burned less efficiently.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:48.00,0:32:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the carbon dioxide is scrubbed \Nout like in a submarine.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:03.00,0:21:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Usually that carbon dioxide is just \Nreleased into the atmosphere.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:19.00,0:20:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But here at it is pressurized and \Npumped through sewage pipes that
Dialogue: 0,0:20:34.00,0:26:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stretch across the desert.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:10.00,0:27:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,5 miles away the gas makes \Nan unexpected turn.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:07.00,0:24:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here at the K B 5-o 2 site the Algerian \Nnational gas company and
Dialogue: 0,0:26:02.00,0:35:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,BP are put in the car and outside \Nright back where they found
Dialogue: 0,0:25:47.00,0:35:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,underground.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:21.00,0:32:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Geologist John Mitchell E is checking \Nup on the gas pressure.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:45.00,0:20:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the inject a wellhead for \NKB fight both too in this pipe
Dialogue: 0,0:26:30.00,0:31:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the carbon dioxide that's been \Ncompressed the production
Dialogue: 0,0:32:53.00,0:25:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,facility.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:16.00,0:36:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The noise you hear is the flow of gas.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:31.00,0:29:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The pressurized carbon outside is \Nthen forced more than a mile.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:26.00,0:21:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where it is pushed into a \Nporous rock formation.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:20.00,0:30:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And effectively trapped back underground.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:36.00,0:25:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That facility takes of power plants were.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:26.00,0:29:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the wedges game capturing the \NCO2 like this from 1600 natural
Dialogue: 0,0:29:11.00,0:31:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gas plants would provide one wedge \Nor one 7th of the needed
Dialogue: 0,0:33:45.00,0:24:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,solution.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:09.00,0:23:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But doing this is expensive and \Nwould increase the price.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:23.00,0:22:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So at present In Salah is one of \Nonly 4 such facilities in the
Dialogue: 0,0:22:27.00,0:33:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,world.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:47.00,0:23:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Operating at a large scale.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:30.00,0:33:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are more of these right now \Nbecause there's no commercial
Dialogue: 0,0:33:43.00,0:31:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reason to do them.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:06.00,0:30:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Price of fossil fuel reflected the \Ndamage that was caused by the
Dialogue: 0,0:30:00.00,0:26:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,greenhouse gases that office and there \Nwould be an economic reason
Dialogue: 0,0:27:34.00,0:28:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to store the carbon dioxide below ground.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:38.00,0:33:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Given that the gases invisible.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:50.00,0:38:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do they know it is actually \Nstaying underground.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:06.00,0:32:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Satellite measurements reveal the \Nsurface of the earth at the site
Dialogue: 0,0:32:59.00,0:28:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. We can calculate how much movement \Nthere is in the Earth's
Dialogue: 0,0:30:05.00,0:23:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,surface under way in Baghdad now \Ncancellations all tight monetary
Dialogue: 0,0:23:40.00,0:27:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,motion.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:35.00,0:36:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fans of the Sahara are stretched up \Nto 12 millimeters to make room
Dialogue: 0,0:37:38.00,0:27:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the carbon dioxide injected inside.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:29.00,0:26:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if carbon dioxide from a single \Nnatural gas plant can literally
Dialogue: 0,0:26:03.00,0:24:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,move the surface of the earth.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:35.00,0:35:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is the impact of all of the \Ncarbon are modern life creates.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:11.00,0:34:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We produce 9 billion tons \Nof carbon a year.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:24.00,0:29:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A number,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:15.00,0:36:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so hard to that,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:46.00,0:32:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we decided to break it down \Ninto something more manage.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:42.00,0:38:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is your contribution \Nto climate change.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:57.00,0:38:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you look around your home and \Nthere are some obvious places
Dialogue: 0,0:23:10.00,0:23:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we use live energy and for \Nmost people during not occur
Dialogue: 0,0:23:53.00,0:27:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,again.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:44.00,0:23:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dan Kaufman,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:45.00,0:27:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the University of California \Nat Berkeley has tried to figure
Dialogue: 0,0:27:18.00,0:31:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out the carbon footprint \Nof the average America.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:21.00,0:34:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Heating our homes.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:34.00,0:23:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Driving our cars.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:48.00,0:23:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Growing and shipping our food.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:10.00,0:38:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We know how much carbon associated \Nwith each year of energy we use
Dialogue: 0,0:38:33.00,0:38:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in our house.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:14.00,0:25:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Adding those things up basic counting.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:28.00,0:23:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it will depend on obvious.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:30.00,0:37:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Developed a Web site where you can \Ncalculate your carbon footprint
Dialogue: 0,0:37:33.00,0:24:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. But we wanted to make \Nit a bit more graphic.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:30.00,0:32:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we asked him to imagine it as \Na solid white garden compost
Dialogue: 0,0:35:14.00,0:24:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is mostly carbon anyway.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:40.00,0:24:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One pound of carbon limited as an \Ninvisible gas can be represented
Dialogue: 0,0:24:35.00,0:25:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a pound of this rich black dirt.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:58.00,0:25:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,20 mile trip to the store and back.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:41.00,0:40:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's about 6 pounds of carbon.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:56.00,0:33:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One short trip.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:28.00,0:31:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The 6 pounds.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:02.00,0:26:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in one year.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:23.00,0:28:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The average American drives \Nabout 10,000 miles.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:31.00,0:40:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the average American driver \Nthrough the year 2 tons of car
Dialogue: 0,0:40:05.00,0:38:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. All those car trips 2 tons.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:52.00,0:33:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And all that driving flying buying \Nand heating we do in a year.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:56.00,0:38:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,6 times.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:21.00,0:38:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I show you the average family's carbon \Nfootprint I've invited like
Dialogue: 0,0:40:54.00,0:37:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kids to join.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:09.00,0:34:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is the average American \Nfamilies Norfolk just one here.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:17.00,0:33:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Your average families 14 tons of \Ncarbon waste combines in the
Dialogue: 0,0:35:51.00,0:33:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,atmosphere with oxygen to create \N50 tons of carbon dioxide gas.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:59.00,0:39:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That gas floating in the atmosphere \Nsunlight enter to warm earth.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:45.00,0:33:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it blocks.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:26.00,0:39:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Much of the heat from escaping.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:59.00,0:35:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like an invisible cortex \Nblanket warm you know are.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:07.00,0:30:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So how can we get energy with the \Nleast amount of carbon emissions
Dialogue: 0,0:30:31.00,0:34:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. Mean.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:12.00,0:29:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first stop on everyone's \Ngreen energy list the sun.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:09.00,0:30:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Solar power is the poster child for \Ntransforming our energy system
Dialogue: 0,0:30:33.00,0:28:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. There's huge potential.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:27.00,0:26:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you look at the numbers,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:59.00,0:30:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the amount of solar energy reaching \Nthe surface of the is 100,000
Dialogue: 0,0:31:33.00,0:39:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,terror laws.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:45.00,0:35:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The amount of energy that civilization \Nis using for all of its
Dialogue: 0,0:37:38.00,0:28:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,purposes today 17 or 18 Caroline's.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:53.00,0:28:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This makes solar energy \Nenormously attractive.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:06.00,0:39:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know we need a few square meters \Nof solar panels for every
Dialogue: 0,0:40:19.00,0:28:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,person in the world they actually \Ngenerate all the energy will be
Dialogue: 0,0:30:23.00,0:35:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we don't do that is it's still \Ntoo expensive solar panels cost
Dialogue: 0,0:35:26.00,0:37:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a lot of money.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:07.00,0:30:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The question is can we make \Nphotovoltaic stitching.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:51.00,0:38:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:52.00,0:36:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Making solar power cheaply \Nis now the goal.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:56.00,0:29:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And with billions at stake.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:48.00,0:34:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a race on to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:21.00,0:33:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is no better place to see \Nthe intensity of that race then
Dialogue: 0,0:34:04.00,0:42:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here in Chai.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:37.00,0:28:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,China leads the world in the manufacture \Nof solar panels and it's
Dialogue: 0,0:28:42.00,0:36:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not just because of cheap labor,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:54.00,0:29:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a big part of it is down of this \Nman Jung wrong she the CEO of
Dialogue: 0,0:29:39.00,0:34:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,suntan and a remarkable \Nrags to riches story.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:54.00,0:33:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well safety the fortune overnight,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:07.00,0:37:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I never believed that and \Nhe's not sure for anybody.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:40.00,0:27:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:41.00,0:37:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he's not sure unless you \Nhave the rich a father,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:53.00,0:43:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know me,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:53.00,0:35:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's different,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:54.00,0:38:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:56.00,0:33:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's family was far from rich.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:18.00,0:30:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:19.00,0:29:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his father was so poor that she \Nwas put up for adoption.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:43.00,0:40:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now he's known as the Sun King and \Nis ranked among the richest men
Dialogue: 0,0:40:17.00,0:30:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:19.00,0:41:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm a very aggressive personality.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:22.00,0:36:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when I saw as opportunity \Nduring I've just.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:51.00,0:42:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Before hitting the jackpot,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:42.00,0:37:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she was a solar scientist in \NAustralia but felt the best.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:26.00,0:39:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Way to get solar out to the world \Nwas not through publishing
Dialogue: 0,0:39:09.00,0:40:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,papers but through combining \Nscience with this.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:37.00,0:39:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The initial reaction from his university \Ncolleague and teacher
Dialogue: 0,0:39:30.00,0:41:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Stewart went and was not encouraging.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:03.00,0:34:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:04.00,0:37:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be honest when he first mentioned \Nto me his idea why didn't
Dialogue: 0,0:39:28.00,0:30:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually think it was a good idea,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:50.00,0:30:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I told you so.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:02.00,0:37:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:03.00,0:38:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she's former teacher is his \Nchief technology officer.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:07.00,0:38:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Amazing.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:47.00,0:35:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead of perfecting technology \Nin the lab,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:50.00,0:30:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are using their science \Nto cut the cost of solar.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:27.00,0:43:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The basic science of photovoltaic \Ntechnology is pretty
Dialogue: 0,0:43:00.00,0:38:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,straightforward.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:02.00,0:39:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And has been around since the 1950s.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:16.00,0:30:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Photo means light.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:08.00,0:41:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pictures.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:19.00,0:42:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:19.00,0:31:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when a photon of light.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:41.00,0:45:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a silicon atom its \Nenergy Knox an electron
Dialogue: 0,0:39:05.00,0:38:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is then directed \Nthrough the silicon.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:17.00,0:31:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To the thin wires on this
Dialogue: 0,0:29:41.00,0:35:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that stream of electrons is \Nelectricity back in power.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:15.00,0:31:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anything from your toaster to your TV.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:23.00,0:32:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,During the manufacturing process \Nmetal lines that workers wires
Dialogue: 0,0:35:27.00,0:42:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are put on the surface of the silly.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:19.00,0:32:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The problem is these metal lines \Ncannot be made very narrow that
Dialogue: 0,0:33:35.00,0:35:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shines quite a bit of the \Nsolar cell surface.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:39.00,0:29:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One way when I mean she working \Nto improve their cells is by
Dialogue: 0,0:29:33.00,0:35:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,making the wires thinner \Nand closer together.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:15.00,0:38:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the electrons don't \Nhave to travel so far.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:48.00,0:46:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Look at the solar still here on \Nmy left Castaneda lines were
Dialogue: 0,0:46:11.00,0:42:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,locked place up.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:13.00,0:36:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The new design increases efficiency \Nwhich drives down the costs
Dialogue: 0,0:38:38.00,0:30:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,its innovations like these \Nthat has led she.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:51.00,0:34:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The dominant world production in \N2001 it would take Sun Tech a
Dialogue: 0,0:34:26.00,0:38:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whole year to produce what Mao rolls \Nout of the factory in 2 days
Dialogue: 0,0:39:02.00,0:42:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:22.00,0:38:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kind of growth can be seen across China,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:25.00,0:40:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they are adding the equivalent \Nof a city the size of Chicago
Dialogue: 0,0:44:58.00,0:31:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every 3 months.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:55.00,0:38:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nowhere is the enthusiasm for solar \Npower more celebrated than
Dialogue: 0,0:38:29.00,0:35:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into June,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:50.00,0:44:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,3 hours south of Beijing.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:32.00,0:34:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the improvement
Dialogue: 0,0:33:16.00,0:41:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and at night.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:17.00,0:41:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The city is alike.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:28.00,0:39:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With me on that is powered by batteries \Nthat charged in the day by
Dialogue: 0,0:40:45.00,0:40:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an enormous array of solar panels.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:09.00,0:31:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The man behind this showcase city \Nis how long me another of
Dialogue: 0,0:33:04.00,0:42:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,China's solar millionaires.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:47.00,0:36:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sort of me.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:58.00,0:33:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is my dream of a new kind of \Nlandscape although lifestyle.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:05.00,0:31:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now 4 main wants to spread his \Nwealth and passion for solar.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:21.00,0:37:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Among the England has been possessed \Nby this vision to design a
Dialogue: 0,0:39:16.00,0:43:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,community which in this case I think \Nit was 88% solar reliant.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:44.00,0:37:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Orville shell the China scholar \Nhas been to do here.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:18.00,0:46:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:08.00,0:43:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it may be flashy he says it's \Nemblematic of China's growing
Dialogue: 0,0:43:42.00,0:37:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prosperity.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:54.00,0:43:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know China today,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:25.00,0:37:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you see the most amazing \Nthing springing up
Dialogue: 0,0:33:30.00,0:47:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in some sense,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:10.00,0:34:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're very impressive and involving \Nallowed a very innovative
Dialogue: 0,0:41:44.00,0:41:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,technology and their these \Nweirdness other aspects of
Dialogue: 0,0:40:10.00,0:37:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there is this extraordinary \Ndynamic energy the sort of
Dialogue: 0,0:47:04.00,0:43:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bursting forth.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:37.00,0:36:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's not just China.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:49.00,0:42:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The energy problem is seen \Nas an opportunity.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:21.00,0:39:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All over the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:33.00,0:40:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,China is moving very aggressively.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:05.00,0:34:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,India's biggest move in this western \NEurope is going to move on.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:59.00,0:35:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This even some oil exporting \Ncountries OPEC countries are
Dialogue: 0,0:35:13.00,0:33:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,beginning to realize that you need \Nto develop cleaner energy
Dialogue: 0,0:33:46.00,0:43:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sources.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:08.00,0:33:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Since coming to the Department of \NEnergy Secretary Steven Chu has
Dialogue: 0,0:33:52.00,0:37:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,increased spending on developing \Nclean energy bike$40
Dialogue: 0,0:37:55.00,0:48:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,billion.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:16.00,0:42:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:07.00,0:45:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need technologies solar power \Nwind power carbon capture who's
Dialogue: 0,0:46:12.00,0:35:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gonna supply the world with \Nthose technologies.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:35.00,0:36:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would hope it's you know it's not.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:58.00,0:48:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The US once was enthusiastic about solar.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:01.00,0:42:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the height of the oil \Ncrisis in the 1970s.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:35.00,0:37:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By the end of this century.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:36.00,0:36:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want our nation to derive 20% of \Nall the energy we use from the
Dialogue: 0,0:37:31.00,0:41:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sun.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:13.00,0:34:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To great fanfare President Jimmy \NCarter even installed solar
Dialogue: 0,0:36:27.00,0:48:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,heaters on the roof of the White House.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:30.00,0:38:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is accustomed to stock specific risk.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:23.00,0:44:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But a few years later after oil prices \Ndrop Ronald Reagan took the
Dialogue: 0,0:44:47.00,0:41:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,panel's down.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:46.00,0:39:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:57.00,0:34:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,America is trying to get back \Ninto the solar gain.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:01.00,0:38:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:11.00,0:37:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the bottom line is we roughly what \Nto double the amount of Queen.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:35.00,0:36:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The goal for Secretary Chu is \Nto double the amount of non
Dialogue: 0,0:36:59.00,0:43:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,carbon-emitting energy in the US by \N2035 comeback here and a large
Dialogue: 0,0:44:53.00,0:45:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,chunk of that this solar.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:45.00,0:33:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Along comes a need and we need clear,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:29.00,0:36:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is a problem that science can \Nsolve that opportunity issue.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:17.00,0:40:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The idea is to invest in science \Nthat will pay off in practical
Dialogue: 0,0:40:21.00,0:37:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,solutions.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:45.00,0:35:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the major challenges we \Nface is transportation which
Dialogue: 0,0:35:59.00,0:46:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,accounts for about a 3rd \Nof total energy use.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:53.00,0:45:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are several different approaches \Nincluding electric cars.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:13.00,0:49:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Transport fuels represent \Na special problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:36.00,0:46:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The most likely avenue they're currently \Nin the people pursuing
Dialogue: 0,0:48:09.00,0:40:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,biofuels.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:11.00,0:46:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:11.00,0:43:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Biofuels or form of solar because \Nthey come from plants which
Dialogue: 0,0:45:25.00,0:39:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,capture the sun's energy to grow.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:30.00,0:46:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One promising approach is being developed \Nat the joint bioenergy
Dialogue: 0,0:49:03.00,0:37:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Institute in Emeryville,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:05.00,0:49:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,California.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:16.00,0:41:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where Jake easily is using plant \Nbiology to come up with the fuel
Dialogue: 0,0:41:00.00,0:50:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the future that will work \Nwith our current system.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:13.00,0:42:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've got about$3
Dialogue: 0,0:42:24.00,0:42:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trillion worth of transportation \Ninfrastructure in this country
Dialogue: 0,0:35:18.00,0:41:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the gas stations pipelines \Nthe refineries
Dialogue: 0,0:35:42.00,0:40:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,automobiles trains planes.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:52.00,0:35:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't have the money to repay all.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:02.00,0:43:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's idea is to exploit the \Nway plants make food.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:29.00,0:36:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:23.00,0:45:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And use that carbon and oxygen \Nand hydrogen from water,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:06.00,0:43:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plus the sun's energy to make nutrients \Nin the form of a simple
Dialogue: 0,0:43:40.00,0:49:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sugar.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:03.00,0:46:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ling is working to put that \NSugar to use for our.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:48.00,0:47:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One way to think about how he's doing \Nthat is he is super charging
Dialogue: 0,0:49:41.00,0:38:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an age old process.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:57.00,0:37:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The basic recipe of beer is to take \Nborrowing a plant that is rich
Dialogue: 0,0:37:31.00,0:50:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in those stored sugars \Nand mix it with yeast.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:06.00,0:46:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeast is a microbe that feeds on those \Nplant sugars and turns them
Dialogue: 0,0:46:40.00,0:46:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into alcohol that process \Nis called fermentation.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:06.00,0:41:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lars Larson the brew master explains.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:49.00,0:38:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is instrumental to \Nthe brewing processed,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:52.00,0:48:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is the yeast that turns the sugar \Nrender Halka hole and create
Dialogue: 0,0:48:35.00,0:45:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a beard was with us away in every \Nanimal's life cycle or something
Dialogue: 0,0:45:00.00,0:39:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. Those in the front something comes \Nout the back alcohol to come
Dialogue: 0,0:39:34.00,0:40:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out the back so these to
Dialogue: 0,0:44:57.00,0:42:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but instead of alcohol that you drink.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:29.00,0:52:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Keesler wants to make diesel fuel \Nby genetically altering the east
Dialogue: 0,0:52:03.00,0:38:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. We have an enormous amount of power \Nto change biology manipulate
Dialogue: 0,0:40:38.00,0:49:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,biology.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:09.00,0:41:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead of Barley the plant.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:51.00,0:49:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He uses his switch grass,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:43.00,0:51:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's an agricultural waste material \Nbut it sugars work easy to
Dialogue: 0,0:36:58.00,0:45:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,access.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:18.00,0:39:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have to go to great lengths to \Nextract the and turn them into
Dialogue: 0,0:39:52.00,0:44:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:33.00,0:45:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then he feeds the sugar to genetically \Naltered yeast like at the
Dialogue: 0,0:45:17.00,0:45:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,brewery but what comes out of \Nthe back side of this yeast.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:21.00,0:45:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can put directly into \Nyour car or your plane.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:34.00,0:40:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not your grandmother's east \Nthis is has been souped up to
Dialogue: 0,0:42:18.00,0:53:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,produce an advanced biofuel you \Nall that is nearly identical to
Dialogue: 0,0:37:13.00,0:51:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what we had today.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:24.00,0:50:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:04.00,0:38:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is just one care.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:18.00,0:47:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If Richard Branson came here today,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:00.00,0:52:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I could give him a tablespoon of \Njet fuel that we've made here in
Dialogue: 0,0:52:33.00,0:46:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the laboratory.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:55.00,0:48:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That tablespoon would cost about$100,000
Dialogue: 0,0:49:27.00,0:45:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. If if if if
Dialogue: 0,0:43:40.00,0:47:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well I would Al Absi love \Nto meet up with 5th.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:15.00,0:50:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's just fantastic to have all \Nthese people trying to come up
Dialogue: 0,0:50:47.00,0:40:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the big breakthroughs.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:19.00,0:52:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think the breakthroughs will happen \Nit needs money resources
Dialogue: 0,0:38:02.00,0:42:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,time and energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:03.00,0:47:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Great,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:23.00,0:42:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,great people to put their minds.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:27.00,0:52:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I firmly believe that technology \Ncan save us from climate change,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:21.00,0:46:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the changes that we're talking \Nabout our heroic in scale,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:06.00,0:40:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're not without precedent.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:08.00,0:50:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they are still heroic in scale.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:02.00,0:40:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One challenge is to figure out which \Nadvances in the laboratory
Dialogue: 0,0:40:26.00,0:46:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could be increased to an industrial scale.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:49.00,0:48:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not all promising science is practical.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:42.00,0:50:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in the wedges game there is \Nan immediate way to reduce the
Dialogue: 0,0:51:25.00,0:49:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,size of the problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:58.00,0:54:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The potential is huge and \Nit's called efficiency.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:53.00,0:39:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The very word efficiency says you \Nget the same bang for a less
Dialogue: 0,0:41:38.00,0:46:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,buck.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:49.00,0:53:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Efficiency is a car that gets \Nbetter MP chief in them.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:42.00,0:45:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The we in the house,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:35.00,0:48:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,said we keep,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:37.00,0:41:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so you had the same award inside \Nhouses with less natural gas
Dialogue: 0,0:42:41.00,0:53:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,currently on that.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:02.00,0:42:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not using energy in the first place \Nis the easiest way to earn a
Dialogue: 0,0:42:36.00,0:47:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wedge.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:38.00,0:55:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like the old Benjamin Franklin \Nquote a penny saved is a penny
Dialogue: 0,0:55:02.00,0:54:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. Ben Franklin himself would be proud \Nof what is going on here at
Dialogue: 0,0:54:08.00,0:41:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the national archives in Washington DC.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:34.00,0:49:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The archives is all about saving \NAmerica's most important
Dialogue: 0,0:49:27.00,0:39:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,documents like the US Constitution,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:50.00,0:40:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which Franklin signing.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:23.00,0:47:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it paid very little attention \Nto saving energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:39.00,0:55:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:39.00,0:41:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's all changed.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:03.00,0:48:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,James Garvin was once just \Nthe buildings engineered,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:26.00,0:53:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but now he's also become a detective
Dialogue: 0,0:39:41.00,0:51:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,using a thermal imaging camera Garvin \Nis tracking down an urgent
Dialogue: 0,0:52:24.00,0:44:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leaks.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:15.00,0:41:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're looking for leaks to see areas \Nwhere we're losing a lot of
Dialogue: 0,0:41:59.00,0:48:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Kerry.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:10.00,0:45:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Red means hot which is wasted energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:54.00,0:53:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Obviously and the problems start \Nright at the front door.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:48.00,0:45:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't need a special camera \Nto see problems here.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:12.00,0:49:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can feel the heat through \Nthe 3 quarter inch.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:56.00,0:43:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hemscott.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:06.00,0:47:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That escaping in heat may help \Nthis guy outside state.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:00.00,0:46:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the point is to keep all the \Nheat inside the building so the
Dialogue: 0,0:48:05.00,0:55:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,archives was pulled in efficiency \Nexperts to reduce its carbon
Dialogue: 0,0:55:48.00,0:42:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,foot.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:42.00,0:40:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They installed new efficient radiators.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:15.00,0:41:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And lights that are 20% brighter \Nyet use a 3rd less energy and
Dialogue: 0,0:41:31.00,0:48:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,motion sensors to shut them \Noff when employees don't.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:06.00,0:43:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the biggest ticket items were \Ninstalling efficient boilers
Dialogue: 0,0:49:00.00,0:56:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,left and plugging in those leaky gas.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:25.00,0:44:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The archives is on track to reduce \Nits emissions by more than
Dialogue: 0,0:44:18.00,0:44:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1,000 tons of carbon a year.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:31.00,0:42:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That reduction doesn't just show \Nup and garments camera is good
Dialogue: 0,0:42:35.00,0:48:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,news,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:35.00,0:46:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,blue,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:16.00,0:42:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's also save in the archives,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:28.00,0:56:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a lot of green.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:00.00,0:55:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Its energy bill will be reduced by$1.2
Dialogue: 0,0:55:32.00,0:42:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,million every year which will pay \Nfor the upgrade in only 5 years
Dialogue: 0,0:42:48.00,0:54:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. Well you know.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:18.00,0:55:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everybody loves efficiency,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:50.00,0:43:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,efficiency saves you money \Nit doesn't cost you money.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:45.00,0:48:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Efficiency savings aren't just limited \Nto grand old government
Dialogue: 0,0:49:38.00,0:53:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,built.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:11.00,0:53:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,About a quarter of the energy an \Naverage American uses is at home
Dialogue: 0,0:53:24.00,0:47:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. Increasing home efficiency can \Nsave a 3rd on your energy bill.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:02.00,0:50:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we know our cars can go \Nfarther on a gallon of gas.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:35.00,0:55:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:26.00,0:42:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you took all the cars that are \Ngoing to exist in the world 50
Dialogue: 0,0:44:20.00,0:51:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,years from now and made them \Nhave 60 miles per gallon.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:53.00,0:55:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:53.00,0:51:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a 30 miles per gallon that creates \Na wedge it affects one billion
Dialogue: 0,0:53:48.00,0:54:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,metric tons of carbon atoms.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:20.00,0:45:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That would have been emitted to \Nthe atmosphere while still
Dialogue: 0,0:45:54.00,0:49:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,providing us with the trap we want.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:27.00,0:46:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That won't change is the equivalent \Nof replacing 800 coal plants.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:42.00,0:55:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's just the beginning of \Nwhat efficiency improvements can
Dialogue: 0,0:56:15.00,0:57:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:55.00,0:44:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the 1970s energy efficiency,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:48.00,0:54:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,got a lot of attention,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:19.00,0:43:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but for many it was symbolic of a \Ncounter cultural lifestyle and
Dialogue: 0,0:43:14.00,0:42:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,making uncomfortable sacrifices.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:09.00,0:42:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:40.00,0:46:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as Stewart Brand,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:51.00,0:58:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a leader of the environmental \Nmovement back then points out
Dialogue: 0,0:55:44.00,0:51:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,efficiency changes in California \Nhave kept energy use the same
Dialogue: 0,0:42:59.00,0:46:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,while still allowing the \Neconomy to double.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:22.00,0:54:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Brand became famous for writing the \Nwhole earth catalog a resource
Dialogue: 0,0:55:36.00,0:50:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,guide for a sustainable lifestyle.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:52.00,0:55:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:13.00,0:45:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he says.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:04.00,0:49:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's important to develop a whole \Nnew catalog of tools to fight
Dialogue: 0,0:50:27.00,0:47:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,climate change.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:02.00,0:48:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From harnessing wave energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:21.00,0:44:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To use the Earth's geothermal heat.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:55.00,0:58:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think it's encouraging to hear \Nthat were not there and
Dialogue: 0,0:46:28.00,0:46:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everything on one particular thing \Nis somehow win is gonna save us
Dialogue: 0,0:53:12.00,0:55:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a somehow nuclear is gonna \Nsave us there is such a full
Dialogue: 0,0:55:56.00,0:52:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spectrum problem is going to take \Na full spectrum set of solutions
Dialogue: 0,0:52:40.00,0:58:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. Brand has surprised many by his \Nwillingness to consider this
Dialogue: 0,0:58:25.00,0:55:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,full spectrum.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:37.00,0:55:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the 1970s he fought nuclear energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:22.00,0:58:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today he has done an about face the \Nshift was starting to really
Dialogue: 0,0:58:57.00,0:48:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,take climate change seriously enough \Nto challenge by assumption
Dialogue: 0,0:48:12.00,0:52:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I knew enough about nuclear.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:30.00,0:50:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the senior army in Fukushima,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:32.00,0:53:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Japan has revived old fears \Nabout nuclear energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:28.00,0:48:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When this tsunami struck this 1970s \Nstyle reactor was flooded and
Dialogue: 0,0:48:23.00,0:54:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's diesel generators didn't work,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:05.00,0:47:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,causing the cooling system to fail.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:49.00,0:56:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That led to releases of radiation.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:53.00,0:51:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Does this disaster change brands mind.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:36.00,0:56:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And as in Fukushima change my support.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:51.00,0:50:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think a question we're asking \Nnow is comparing the risks of
Dialogue: 0,0:50:14.00,0:46:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nuclear to the risks of climate \Nchange and we do that risk
Dialogue: 0,0:48:19.00,0:47:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,analysis nuclear keeps \Nlooking pretty good,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:22.00,0:59:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even with Fukushima my.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:35.00,0:45:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,According to the game,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:17.00,0:48:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,replacing 800 coal plants with nuclear \Npower would solve one wedge
Dialogue: 0,0:48:41.00,0:55:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the needed carbon solution but \Ncan nuclear be made safer.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:18.00,0:58:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nuclear power plants require massive \Ncooling systems to keep the
Dialogue: 0,0:58:41.00,0:57:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reactor core say.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:54.00,0:59:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the old style plants like those \Nin Japan that was done with a
Dialogue: 0,0:59:17.00,0:52:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,vast array of pipes valves and back upon.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:31.00,0:53:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was the failure of these backup \Nsystems that led to the nuclear
Dialogue: 0,0:53:25.00,0:46:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,crisis.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:48.00,0:47:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The latest designs for reactors \Nlike this Westinghouse AP 1,000
Dialogue: 0,0:51:22.00,0:49:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are much simpler.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:04.00,0:56:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An example was the large tank of \Ncooling water that sits right on
Dialogue: 0,0:57:27.00,0:52:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,top so that gravity will do the work \Nin the event of an emergency
Dialogue: 0,0:52:51.00,0:59:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. This tankers a 3 day supply of \Ncooling water and requires no
Dialogue: 0,1:00:47.00,0:53:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,electricity.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:12.00,1:01:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This next generation of nuclear \Nplant is already in production.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:57.00,0:50:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But to see it.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:58.00,0:57:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have to go back to China because \Nno nuclear plant has been
Dialogue: 0,0:58:11.00,0:48:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,built in the US since the 1970s.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:56.00,0:58:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kate Jackson,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:17.00,0:57:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,chief technology officer for Westinghouse \Nsays one key benefit of
Dialogue: 0,0:57:41.00,0:49:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the 81,000 is that it is bringing \Nstandardized designs.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:16.00,0:58:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sterilization is an old concept \Njust never been applied to the
Dialogue: 0,0:58:59.00,0:58:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nuclear industry before.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:23.00,0:49:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The old nuclear plants were custom \Nbuilt with more moving parts to
Dialogue: 0,0:49:47.00,0:59:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,go wrong
Dialogue: 0,0:57:39.00,0:48:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:50.00,0:50:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Each plant is built in standardized \Nmodules like a giant Lego set
Dialogue: 0,0:50:14.00,0:59:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. The majority are attached about \Ntheir and the high things in
Dialogue: 0,1:01:08.00,0:50:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,staff they've been fresher \Ntesting it's right again.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:35.00,0:56:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are a total of 350 modules \Nfor each power station.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:41.00,0:55:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like here in san 4 hours outside \Nof Shanghai where Kate Jackson
Dialogue: 0,0:55:46.00,0:47:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has come to see the progress.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:38.00,0:48:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's wonderful because you get to \Nsee these building blocks being
Dialogue: 0,0:48:52.00,0:48:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,moved and put into place.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:58.00,0:53:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Piece by piece.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:40.00,0:53:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The nuclear power station take shape.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:54.00,0:48:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Stepping inside Jackson finds the reactor.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:30.00,0:57:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is where the nuclear reaction \Nwill generate the heat that
Dialogue: 0,0:57:53.00,0:48:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,drives the electrical generator.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:46.00,0:55:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Enough power for more \Nthan a million homes.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:01.00,0:50:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The plant and men should come on \Nline in nearly half the usual
Dialogue: 0,0:50:55.00,0:49:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,time only 4 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:39.00,0:54:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Over the next 30 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:00.00,0:55:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,China plans to build 400 nuclear reactors.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:35.00,1:02:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Designs like the AP 1,000 could \Naddress some of the safety
Dialogue: 0,1:02:18.00,1:03:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,concerns that Japan's crisis exposed,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:21.00,0:53:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there are still many old style \Nplans in operation 23 in the US
Dialogue: 0,0:53:26.00,0:50:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,alone and all nuclear plants suffer \Nfrom the long-standing problem
Dialogue: 0,0:52:31.00,0:59:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of how to dispose of their nuclear waste
Dialogue: 0,0:51:35.00,0:51:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nathan Miller vault thinks these \Nproblems can be overcome.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:38.00,0:59:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nuclear is one of the carbon free \Nemission technologies that
Dialogue: 0,0:59:33.00,1:01:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,absolutely works at scale today.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:46.00,0:58:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Seattle fault former chief technology \Nofficer of Microsoft is
Dialogue: 0,0:58:11.00,0:48:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,teaming up with his old friend Bill \NGates to work on designing a
Dialogue: 0,0:48:35.00,0:58:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,future generation of nuclear technology \Ncalled Terra power.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:09.00,0:57:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need a miracle in energy technology.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:52.00,1:04:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Think we need a miracle sounds extreme \Nbut in fact miracles on the
Dialogue: 0,1:04:46.00,0:53:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mainland are flat.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:28.00,0:51:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The entire technology industry is about.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:23.00,1:04:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The miracles revolt predicts our \Nnew designs that would more
Dialogue: 0,1:04:46.00,0:53:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,safely and efficiently you \Nspent nuclear fuel,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:10.00,0:51:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is creating the waste problem today.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:04.00,0:53:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He looks to technology not just \Nprovide energy for us,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:48.00,1:01:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but to satisfy the aspirations for \Ngrowth in the rest of the world
Dialogue: 0,1:01:41.00,0:56:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. The energy task for the 21st century \Nis how can we get every
Dialogue: 0,0:56:36.00,0:53:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,citizen the earth the kind of \Nenergy use as you find in the
Dialogue: 0,0:53:50.00,1:03:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,developed world.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:51.00,0:54:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is a question of fairness and equity.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:05.00,1:02:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some people say we in the United \NStates lot Wes and perhaps we
Dialogue: 0,1:02:10.00,0:59:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ought to,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:01.00,0:50:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know way to force us to use less.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:46.00,1:04:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They and the Chinese art and not \Nuse as much as we use now but
Dialogue: 0,0:51:31.00,0:55:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're headed there.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:52.00,0:58:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know how you start for them.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:56.00,0:59:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The demand for energy indeed \Nappears on stock.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:22.00,0:57:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Energy demand is predicted to triple \Nby the end of the century.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:28.00,1:04:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which means there is probably a need \Nfor all the solutions science
Dialogue: 0,1:05:11.00,1:01:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can come up with.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:24.00,0:59:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People always are looking for the \Ntechnological magic bullet,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:18.00,1:06:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,though,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:08.00,0:54:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the one thing that if we just \Nget it right will say.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:13.00,1:00:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There probably is no silver bullet,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:05.00,0:56:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there may be a silver shotgun in \Nthe sense of a white variety
Dialogue: 0,0:57:30.00,0:51:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,advances,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:41.00,1:00:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which together will solve \Na large part of this.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:35.00,1:01:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One big nuclear power plant is the \Nsame as 3,000 big wind turbines
Dialogue: 0,1:01:51.00,0:51:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the about 50 square mile.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:16.00,1:03:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The question is which do you want.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:17.00,1:03:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the answer is everybody wanted \Nsomewhere other than their own
Dialogue: 0,1:03:50.00,0:59:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,backyard.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:41.00,0:57:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well guess what,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:42.00,1:05:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you don't,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:22.00,1:01:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,solve the problem,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:43.00,0:59:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your backyard isn't gonna \Nlook the same anyway.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:57.00,0:52:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the energy problem is a moving target.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:52.00,0:59:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every day as demand grows and carbon \Naccumulates in the atmosphere
Dialogue: 0,0:59:06.00,0:57:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,, the problem increases.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:09.00,1:02:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the problem,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:40.00,0:55:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which procrastination Kerry's \Nreally serious penalties.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:16.00,1:01:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,America has been down the past \Nof procrastination before.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:02.00,0:59:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Perhaps one of the most poignant places \Nto see the results of that
Dialogue: 0,1:03:55.00,1:00:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is back in China.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:57.00,0:51:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At a town pulled out of poverty \Nby solar manufacturing.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:12.00,1:05:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the Joe Silva received.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:34.00,0:52:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a popular display.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:57.00,0:59:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the solar panels that Jimmy \NCarter installed on the White
Dialogue: 0,0:59:50.00,0:59:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,House back in 1979.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:14.00,0:57:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This solar heater.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:26.00,0:54:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You to be a curiosity.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:08.00,1:05:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The museum piece,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:09.00,1:07:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an example of a road not taken.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:23.00,0:53:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:04.00,1:02:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can be just a small part of \None of the greatest and most
Dialogue: 0,1:02:37.00,1:07:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exciting adventures ever undertaken \Nby the American Pete.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:28.00,1:02:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,30 years later,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:39.00,0:53:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the need to venture into new forms \Nof energy is even greater.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:35.00,0:54:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The challenge is huge.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:10.00,1:00:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The potential consequences \Nof an action are bigger.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:15.00,0:55:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Necessities mother of all inventions,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:37.00,0:56:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we got the biggest necessity and it's \Ngoing to be your mother many
Dialogue: 0,0:57:50.00,1:02:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,encourage.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:05.00,0:52:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This Nova program is available on \NDVD sugar PBS.org or call 100