[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.21,0:00:01.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Voiceover] Hello grammarians.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.46,0:00:02.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So today I'd like to talk to you
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.81,0:00:06.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the idea of concrete\Nand abstract nouns,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.47,0:00:07.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and before we do that,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.41,0:00:11.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd like to get into some\Nword origins or etymology.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.39,0:00:13.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let's take each of these words in turn,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.87,0:00:17.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I think by digging\Ninto what these words mean,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.43,0:00:19.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,literally what they mean\Nand where they come from,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.23,0:00:21.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we'll get a better\Nunderstanding of this concept.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.87,0:00:24.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So both of these words\Ncome to us from Latin.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.14,0:00:26.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Concrete comes to us\Nfrom the Latin concretus,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.69,0:00:29.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which means to grow together.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.10,0:00:33.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this part of it means grown.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.30,0:00:36.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this part means together.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.14,0:00:37.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It refers to something that, you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.35,0:00:40.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has grown together and become thick
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.56,0:00:43.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and kind of hard to get\Nthrough and physical.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.46,0:00:46.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The connotation here is that\Nthis is a physical thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.47,0:00:50.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Something that is concrete is physical.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.77,0:00:55.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Abstract, on the other hand,\Nmeans to draw something away.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.12,0:01:05.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So something that is abstract\Nis drawn away from the real,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.11,0:01:07.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the concrete, from the physical.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.10,0:01:09.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is not physical.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.67,0:01:15.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we make this distinction in English
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.77,0:01:17.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we're talking about nouns.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.85,0:01:19.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it something that is concrete,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.20,0:01:21.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is it something you can look at or pick up
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.45,0:01:24.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or smell or sense or\Nsomething that is abstract,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.79,0:01:26.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something that isn't physical,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.57,0:01:28.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but can still be talked about.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.53,0:01:33.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So for example, the word sadness...
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.73,0:01:36.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is a noun, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.58,0:01:37.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is definitely a noun.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.56,0:01:40.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's got this noun-making ending,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.33,0:01:42.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this noun-forming suffix, ness.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.93,0:01:45.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, we take the adjective sad
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.86,0:01:50.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we toss this ness part\Nonto it, we've got a noun.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.24,0:01:52.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But can you see sadness?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.45,0:01:53.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it something you can pick up?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.70,0:01:56.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sure, you can tell by being, you know
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.57,0:01:59.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,observant and empathetic\Nthat your friend is sad,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.58,0:02:02.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's not something you can pick up.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.55,0:02:06.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can't be like a\Nmeasurable degree of sad.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.86,0:02:08.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You couldn't take someone's sadness,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.94,0:02:10.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,put it under a microscope and say
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.43,0:02:14.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Oh, Roberta, you are\N32 degrees microsad."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.37,0:02:16.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, it's not something physical.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.80,0:02:18.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Concrete things, on the other hand,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.65,0:02:22.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are things that we can\Nsee or count or measure.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.75,0:02:24.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just parts of the physical world.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.53,0:02:28.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So anything you look at,\Nlike a dog is concrete,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.51,0:02:33.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a ball is concrete, a cliff is concrete.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.00,0:02:36.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Happiness...
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.09,0:02:39.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is abstract.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.04,0:02:40.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The idea of freedom...
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.19,0:02:44.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is abstract.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.21,0:02:47.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Though the presence of\Nfreedom in your life
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.13,0:02:49.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,may manifest in physical objects, like
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.89,0:02:52.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Oh, my parents let me have\Nthe freedom to eat ice cream."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.85,0:02:57.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ice cream is, you know, a concrete noun.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.52,0:02:59.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But freedom, the thing\Nthat allows you, you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.89,0:03:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the permission that you get from
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.00,0:03:07.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your parents to have ice cream.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.40,0:03:10.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's not a physical object.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.18,0:03:11.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's basically the difference.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.70,0:03:14.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So a concrete noun is a physical object
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.75,0:03:16.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and an abstract noun is not.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.90,0:03:18.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is why I really wanted to hit
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.09,0:03:23.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the idea that a noun can be a\Nperson, place, thing or idea,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.71,0:03:25.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because nouns can be ideas,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.97,0:03:28.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and those ideas tend to be abstract.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.32,0:03:32.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sadness, happiness, freedom,\Npermission, liberty, injustice.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.58,0:03:37.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All of these are abstract ideas.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.51,0:03:38.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the difference.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.100,0:03:40.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can learn anything.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.52,0:03:41.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,David out.